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Systematic index The index is arranged in alphabetical order of the species. Species written in bold font are valid taxa discussed in the present paper, page and table numbers in bold font are the locations where the main information concerning the respective taxon is found. (Incorrect spellings of species names used in the literature have been included in the index on purpose. They are usually marked by underlining the erroneous characters.) Species mentioned in differential diagnoses or in the discussion have been included in the index too. Authorships, dates and open nomenclature symbols (aff., cf.) have been omitted in sake of easier searching. Abatus 162 angulata, Echinolampas 115, Tab. 4 abeli, Brissus 167-169, Figs. 76- angulatus, Clypeaster 58-59, Tab. 5 77; Pl. 73, Figs. 1-4, angulatus oblongus, Clypeaster 58-59, Tab. 4, Tab. 5 Tab. 2 angulatus, Echinolampas 113 abeli, Plagiobrissus 167-169 angulatus, Schizechinus 33 aberti, Abertella 91 angulosa, Milletia 133, 135, Tab. 5 abnormalis, Echinoneus 44-45, Fig. 22b, Fig. angulosus, Echinanthus 135, 138 22c, Fig. 23; Pl. 48, angulosus, Pliolampas 133 Figs. 4-5, Tab. 2 angulosus, Tristomanthus Tab. 3 acclivis, Clypeaster 47, 53, 71, Tab. 5 angustipetalus, Echinolampas 111, Tab. 5 Acroechinoidea 18 angustistellatus, Echinolampas 117, 118, 119-120, acuminata, Echinolampas 119, 121 121, Tab. 4 acuminatus, Clypeaster 54, 57-58, Fig. 28, angustus, Clypeaster 102, Tab. 3 Tab. 4, Tab. 5 anteroalta, Lovenia 188 acuminatus devians, Clypeaster 57 antillarum, Diadema 5, 34, 147 acuminatus robustus, Clypeaster 56, 57-58, Tab. 5 Aplospatangus 144 acuminatus, Hypsoheteroclypus 133 Aporiocidaris 11 aegyptiacus, Brissus 168 Araeosoma 142, Fig. 11, Tab. 8 aequizonatus, Echinolampas 133, Tab. 5 Arbacia 129 affinis, Cidaris 2, 14 Arbacina sp. 21, 31, 34, 39, 42, affinis, Pericosmus 143, 157, 158, 159, Tab. 5 Tab. 4 Arbacina 21 affinis, Stylocidaris 14 aremorica, Studeria 137 agassizi, Clypeaster 54-55, Tab. 5 aremoricus, Tristomanthus Tab. 3 agassizi, Parmulechinus 96 Asterostomatidae 165 agassizi, Pericosmus 143 Asthenosoma 14, Fig. 11, Tab. 8 agassizi, Scutella 94 Astriclypeidae 97 aguayoi, Brissopsis 173 Atelospatangus 196 aichnoi, Aliaster 157, 159 Atelostomata 138 airaghi, Clypeaster 70, Tab. 5 atlantica, Brissopsis 173 airaghii, Centrostephanus 18, 19, 20, Tab. 5 atrophus podoloicus, Echinolampas 114, 116, Tab. 5 airaghii, Clypeaster 102, Tab. 4 attnangensis, Brissopsis 169 airaghii, Pericosmus 197, Tab. 3 australis, Brissopsis 173 airaghii, Prospatangus 180 australis, Protenaster 163, 166 airaghii, Trachyaster 157 austriacus, Prospatangus 177, 182, 183 Aliaster 156 austriacus, Spatangus 117, 177-181, 181- almerai parva, Scutella 86, 87, 91 182 (cf.), 183, 184, almerai, Aliaster ? 158, 159 187, 198, Figs. 83, almerai, Clypeaster 58-59, Tab. 5 84, 85.A, C, 86.A-B; almerai, Opissaster 157, 159 Pl. 75, Figs. 1-3, alpinus, Prenaster 163 Pl. 76, Figs. 1-4; Fig. alticostatus, Clypeaster 53, 60-61, Tab. 4 86.C, 87; Pl. 77, altum, Scutum 54 Figs. 1-3 (cf.); Tab. 2 altum campanulatum, Scutum 54 avenionensis, Cidaris 1, 13 altus conicus, Clypeaster 54, Tab. 4 avenionensis, Cyathocidaris 1, 2, 6, 8, 13 altus, Clypeaster 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, avenionensis, Prionocidaris 2, 13 60, 61, 69, 70, 71, balillai, Clypeaster 62, Tab. 5 74, 101, Tab. 4 baquiei, Amphiope 98 Amphidetus sp. 196 barcinensis, Clypeaster 50, 53, 63, 67, 69, Amphiope sp. 98, Tab. 4 73, 101-102, Pl. 32, Amphiope 97 Fig. 4 angulare altum, Scutum 53, Tab. 4 barcinensis, Echinolampas 104-110, 112, 118, angularia, Scuta 64 121, Figs. 43.1, 44; SYSTEMATIC INDEX 201 Pl. 49, Figs. 1-2; campanulatus f. pyramidalis, Clyp. 60, Pl. 24; Figs. 1-2 Pl. 50, Figs. 1a-c, campanulatus acuminatus, Clypeaster 57 Tab. 2 campanulatus carapezzai, Clypeaster 68, 69, Tab. 5 barcinensis, Schizaster 148, Tab. 5 campanulatus declinatus, Clypeaster 55, Tab. 5 bassanii, Clypeaster 57 campanulatus neudorfensis, Clypeaster 68, 69 bastiae, Brissus 168 campanulatus partschi, Clypeaster 55, 71 beaumonti, Clypeaster 62, Tab. 5 campanulatus reidii, Clypeaster 59 bellardi, Schizaster 149, Tab. 5 campanulatus rotundus, Clypeaster 55, Tab. 5 bellardii, Schizaster 149 campanulatus sphaericus, Clypeaster 55, Tab. 5 biaense, Echinocardium 190, 196 campanulatus, Echinites 53 bioculata, Amphiope 97-101, Fig. 42.A-B; canaliculata, Prionocidaris 3 Pl. 46, Figs. 5a-b; canaliferus, Schizaster 145 Pl. 47, Figs. 1a-b; canaliferus, Spatangus 144 Pl. 48, Figs. 1-3, capederi, Schizaster 145, 147 Tab. 2 caralitana, Studeria 137 bioculata montezemoloi, Amphiope 98 carapezzai, Clypeaster 68, 69 bioculata, Scutella 97-101 Cardiotaxis 129 bisperforatus, Echinodiscus Fig. 42c Cassiduloida 103 bleicheri, Opissaster ? 141 catenata, Arbacina 21-22, 23, 41, bouillei, Echinocyamus 81 Pl. 11, Figs. 1-2, boulei, Amphiope 99 Tab. 2 bouziguensis, Schizaster 148, 149 catenata, Genocidaris 21, 23, 24, Tab. 4 Brisopsis 174 catenatus, Echinus 21 Brissidae 166 catenatus, Psammechinus 21 Brissomorpha 165, 169 cavernosus, Schizaster 145 Brissopsis sp. 169, 174, 181, Tab. 2 Centrostephanus sp. 18, 20, Tab. 4 Brissopsis 169 Centrostephanus 20 brissus unicolor, Spatangus 166 cevensis, Linthia 162 Brissus 166 chateleti, Schizechinus 33, 41, Tab. 5 Brissus 45 chiassi, Clypeaster 71, Tab. 5 Brochopleurus sp. 23, Tab. 4 Cidaridae indet. 9, 12 brunnichi, Araeosoma 18 Cidaridae 1 Bryssopsis 174 Cidariden-Stachel 9 bufo, Spatangus 138 Cidarinae sp. 1 3, 4, 10-12, Pl. 1, bunopetalus, Clypeaster 70, 72, 74 Figs. 6-10; Pl. 2, burdigalensis, Linthia 162 Figs. 7-8; Pl. 5, cabrerai, Brissus 164 Figs. 1-26, Tab. 2 calabra, Linthia 162 Cidarinae 2 calabrus, Clypeaster 47-51, 53, 58, 63, Cidaris sp. 2, 6, 10, 12, 18, 20 65, 66, 67, 69, 73, cidaris, Cidaris 5, 14 101, 103, Pl. 31, Cidarisstachel 10, 12 Figs. 1-3; Pl. 32, Cidaris-Stachel 10, 12 Figs. 1-3, Tab. 2 Cidariten 12 calarensis, Centrostephanus 18, 19, 20, Tab. 5 Cidaritenstachel 12 calariense, Centrostephanus 18 Cidariten-Stachel 12 calariensis, Centrostephanus 18 Cidaroida indet. 12-13, Tab. 2 calariensis, Echinocyamus 79, 81, 84, Pl. 38, Cidaroida 1 Figs. 2a-c, Tab. 3 Cidaroidea 1 calariensis, Fibularia 79, 84 circularis, Echinocyamus 78-79, Tab. 5 calceolus, Schizaster (Aplospatangus) 148 Clypeaster sp. 54, 64, 71, 75-76, calceolus, Schizaster 145, 148, 149, 152, Tab. 2 Tab. 5 Clypeaster 45 Calveriosoma 14, Fig. 11, Tab. 8 Clypeasteridae indet. 76-77, Tab. 2 Camarodonta 21 Clypeasteridae 45 camerinensis, Echinanthus 138 Clypeasterina 45 campanulatus, Clypeaster 50, 52-62, 63, 65, Clypeasteroida 45 67, 69, 73, 101, collombi, Pygorhynchus 133, 135 103, Pl. 22 to 27, compactus, Schizaster 144, 150, 152 Tab. 2 compressa, Rhabdocidaris 9 campanulatus f. acuminatus, Clyp. 57-58, Fig. 28; compressus, Macropneustes 197, Tab. 3 Pl. 27; Figs. 1a-c confusus, Clypeaster 55, 57 campanulatus f. aff. gibbosus, Clyp. 59, Pl. 25; Figs. 1a-c Conoclypeus sp. 126, 133 campanulatus f. aff. reidii, Clypeaster 58-59, Pl. 25; Conoclypus sp. 126, 130 Figs. 2a-c Conolampas ? sp. 133, Tab. 2 campanulatus f. campanulatus, Clyp. 53-55, Pl. 22; Conolampas 125 Figs. 1a-c consobrinus, Brissopsis 139, 169, 173, Tab. 5 campanulatus f. partschii, Clypeaster 55-57, 61, Pl. 23; Conulus 129 Figs. 1-2; Pl. 26, convexus, Clypeaster 57, Tab. 5 Figs. 1a-c coranguinum, Gregoryaster 159 campanulatus f. portentosus, Clyp. 60-61, Pl. 22; Figs. cordatus, Echinocardium 190 2-3 cordatus, Echinus 188 202 SYSTEMATIC INDEX SYSTEMATIC INDEX 203 cordieri, Brissus 168 desori, Diadema 18-21, Tab. 4 coronalis, Clypeaster 64-65, 102, Tab. 3 desori, Schizaster 147, 151, 155, 196- coronatus, Echinus 8 197, Tab. 3 corsica, Studeria 135, 136-139, destefanii, Spatangus 180 Fig. 59; Pl. 62, deydieri major, Spatangus 186 Figs. 3-4, Tab. 2 deydieri, Amphiope 98 corsicus, Brissus 165-167 deydieri, Dorocidaris 9 corsicus, Echinanthus 135, 136, 137, 138 deydieri, Echinolampas 112 corsicus, Prospatangus 198 deydieri, Mariania 186-187, Fig. 91; corsicus, Pseudobrissus 164, 165-167, Pl. 80, Figs. 1a-e, Fig. 74-75; Pl. 70, Tab. 2 Figs. a-d, Tab. 2 deydieri, Scutella 93 corsicus, Spatangus 183, 197, Tab. 3 deydieri, Spatangus (Mariania) 186 corsicus, Tristomanthus 135, 136 deydieri, Spatangus 186 cotteaui, Aliaster (Opissaster) 157 Diadema 18, 20 cotteaui, Hemiaster (Trachyaster) 157 Diadematidae indet. 18-21, Pl. 8, Figs. 1- cotteaui, Hemiaster 157 25, Tab. 2 cotteaui, Opissaster 157 Diadematidae 18 cotteaui, Trachyaster 157 Diadematoida 18 cotteauii, Aliaster 140, 143, 157-160, digitalis, Clypeaster 70, 72, 73, Tab. 5 Fig. 69; Pl. 64, diomedeae, Conolampas 126 Figs. 2-3, Tab. 2 Ditremaster 139 cotteauii, Hemiaster 141, 157, 159 diversicostatus, Clypeaster 67 cotteauii, Heteroclypeus 126 doma, Hypsoclypus 125 cotteri, Ditremaster 141 dubius ?, Psammechinus 25, 28 cotteri, Opissaster 141, 159 dubius dubius, Psammechinus 25-26, 27, Pl. 14, cottreaui, Brissus 168 Figs. 1-4, Tab. 2 crassa, Echinolampas 104 dubius gauthieri, Psammechinus 26-27, Figs. 14-15; crassicostatus, Clypeaster 51, 55, 56, 64-65, Pl. 15, Figs. 1-3, 70-71, 74, 102, Tab. 2 Tab. 4 dubius laqueatus, Psammechinus 28 crassis, Clypeaster 70 dubius, Echinus 25 crassus, Clypeaster 47, 50, 51, 70-71, duciei, Brissopsis 173 74, Tab. 5 duciei, Echinus 31, Tab. 4 crescenticus, Brissopsis 169, 173, 195 duciei, Psammechinus. 31, 34, 43, Tab. 4 cruciata, Meoma 175-176 duciei, Schizechinus 33, 34, Tab. 4 cruciatus, Brissus 175 dumasi, Echinolampas 124-125, Tab. 3 cruciatus, Schizobrissus 175, Tab. 5 duncani, Lovenia 188, 191, 193 Ctenocidaris 11 dux, Echinus 31-34, 42, Tab. 4 cucurbites, Echinus 42, Tab. 4 dux, Schizechinus 31-34, Tab. 4 cureti, Plegiocidaris 9, Tab. 5 Echinacea indet. 39-41, Pl. 21, curtus, Schizaster 197, Tab. 5 Figs. 1-8, Tab. 2 Cyathocidaris 2 Echinacea 21 cyclostomus, Echinoneus 44, 45, Fig. 22a Echinidae 25 Cyphosoma sp. 43, Tab. 5 Echinocardium sp. 190-191, Pl. 80, dacica, Echinolampas 125, Tab. 3 Figs. 3a-c, Tab. 2 dacica humilis, Echinolampas 125, Tab. 3 Echinocardium 58 dacicus, Clypeaster 57-58, Tab. 5 Echinocorys 129 danubicus, Clypeaster 47, 50, 73, Tab. 5 Echinocyamus sp. 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    www.aucklandmuseum.com Annotated checklist of the marine flora and fauna of the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve and northern Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand Clinton A.J. Duffy Department of Conservation & Auckland War Memorial Museum Shane T. Ahyong Australian Museum & University of New South Wales Abstract At least 2086 species from 729 families are reported from the insular shelf and upper slope of the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve and north Kermadec Ridge. The best known groups are benthic Foraminifera, benthic macroalgae, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Crustacea, Bryozoa, Echinodermata, fishes and sea birds. However knowledge of the region’s biota remains superficial and even amongst these groups new species records are commonplace. Bacteria, most planktonic groups, sessile invertebrates (particularly Porifera and Ascidiacea), infaunal and interstitial invertebrates, and parasites are largely unstudied. INTRODUCTION is a relatively large, shallow area (50–500 m depth) of complex topography located c. 105 km southwest of The Kermadec Islands are located between 636 km L’Esperance Rock in the northern part of the Central (L’Esperance and Havre Rocks) and 800 km (Raoul domain. Volcanism in this and the Southern domain is Island) NNE of New Zealand. They are large, active located west of the ridge (Smith & Price 2006). South volcanoes that rise more than 1000 m above the Kermadec of 33.3° S the ridge crest is largely located below 1000 Ridge (Ewart et al. 1977; Smith & Price 2006). The oldest m depth, eventually dipping below the sediments of the known shallow water marine sedimentary sequences Raukumara Basin at more than 2400 m depth (Smith & reported from the Kermadec Islands date from the early Price 2006).

  • A Total-Evidence Dated Phylogeny of Echinoids and the Evolution of Body

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.13.947796; this version posted February 13, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 A Total-Evidence Dated Phylogeny of Echinoids and the Evolution of Body 2 Size across Adaptive Landscape 3 4 Nicolás Mongiardino Koch1* & Jeffrey R. Thompson2 5 1 Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University. 210 Whitney Ave., New Haven, CT 6 06511, USA 7 2 Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, 8 Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK 9 * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]. Tel.: +1 (203) 432-3114. 10 Fax: +1 (203) 432-3134. 11 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.13.947796; this version posted February 13, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. MONGIARDINO KOCH & THOMPSON 12 Abstract 13 Several unique properties of echinoids (sea urchins) make them useful for exploring 14 macroevolutionary dynamics, including their remarkable fossil record that can be incorporated 15 into explicit phylogenetic hypotheses. However, this potential cannot be exploited without a 16 robust resolution of the echinoid tree of life. We revisit the phylogeny of crown group 17 Echinoidea using both the largest phylogenomic dataset compiled for the clade, as well as a 18 large-scale morphological matrix with a dense fossil sampling.
  • FAU Institutional Repository

    FAU Institutional Repository

    FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. Notice: ©1990 Springer. This manuscript is an author version with the final publication available at http://www.springerlink.com and may be cited as: McClintock, J. B., Cameron, J. L., & Young, C. M. (1990). Biochemical and energetic composition of bathyal echinoids and an asteroid, holothuroid and crinoid from the Bahamas. Marine Biology, 105(2), 175‐183. doi:10.1007/BF01344284 ('!J' 1) Marine Biology 105. 175-183 (1990) Marine ==: Biology © Springer-Verlag 1990 Biochemical and energetic composition of bathyal echinoids and an asteroid, holothuroid and crinoid from the Bahamas J. B. McClintock 1, J. L. Cameron 2 and C. M. Young 2 1 Department of Biology. University of Alabama at Birmingham. University Station, Birmingham. Alabama 35294, USA 2 Department of Larval Ecology, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution. 5600 Old Dixie Highway. Fort Pierce. Florida 34946. USA Date of final manuscript acceptance: February 2, 1990. Communicated by 1. M. Lawrence. Tampa Abstract. The biochemical 'and energetic composition of Walker et al. (1987 a, b) reported on the biochemical and body components often species ofbathyal echinoids, and energy content ofcommon bathyal and abyssal elaspodid an asteroid, a holothuroid and a stalked crinoid were and aspidochirote holothurians from the Atlantic Ocean. determined from individuals sampled from a variety of These authors noted that dense populations of echino­ deep-water sites near the Bahamas (north Caribbean Sea) derms often dominate megafaunal biomass in deep At­ in October 1988. When compared with other studies of lantic Ocean waters.
  • 1 GLOSSARY for the ECHINOIDEA the Echinoidea, Similar to Other

    1 GLOSSARY for the ECHINOIDEA the Echinoidea, Similar to Other

    March 2011 Christina Ball Royal BC Museum Phil Lambert GLOSSARY FOR THE ECHINOIDEA The Echinoidea, similar to other echinoderm groups, have an ancient lineage dating back approximately 500 million years and includes the sea urchins, sand dollars and heart urchins. Today this globally distributed group comprises approximately 1000 species (Pearse et al. 2007). Nine species are known to occur in British Columbia (Lambert and Boutillier in press). Echinoids are found exclusively in the marine environment from the intertidal down into deep water and can be found on rocky, sandy or muddy substrates (Brusca and Brusca 1990). The echinoids have a variety of body shapes ranging from disc-like sand dollars to pyramidal deepwater species. While their morphology of the echinoids varies, the group shares several other characteristics. The echinoids have mutable collagenous tissue and a water vascular system. They also have a hard endoskeleton, called a test, that is made up of interlocking plates formed from fused ossicles. They have spines and pincher- like pedicellariae that attach to the outer surface of the test and a complex jaw structure called an Aristotle’s Lantern (Lambert and Austin 2007). There is also considerable colour variation within the Echinoidea. While colour can be a useful method for identifying otherwise similar species it is important to recognize that colour is a subjective trait. There can also be considerable colour variation within a species. Like all echinoderms the echinoids posses a unique tissue type called mutable collagenous tissue. This tissue can change rapidly, in less then a second to several minutes, from a rigid to a flaccid state.