An Historical Text Book and Atlas of Biblical Geography
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AN HISTORICAL TEXT BOOK AND ATLAS OF iUital #Mgra)j|j. By LYMAN COLEMAN. fUirt71RSIT7l ^^^^^ PHILADELIPHIA: PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION, 265 CHESTNUT STREET. 1855. .t^" ^c^ 5Xvcy riRSI ENTERED AT STATIOITEllS' HALL BT INTERNATIONAL ARRANGEMENT WITH THE AMERICAN PKOPRIBTORS. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1854, by LIPPINCOTT, GRAMBO A CO. in the Clp"k's Office of the District Court of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 8TEBE0TTPED BY L. JOHNSON * CO. PHILADELPHIA. PRINTED BY C. SHERMAN. MODERN JEB.USALEM L THE CHRISTIAN QUARTER. 1 Goliath's Castle. 2 Latin Convent 8 Church of the Holy Sepulchre. 4 G-reek Convent. 5 Coptic Convent. 6 Ruins of St. John's Hospital. 7 Greek Church. St. John's. 8 Residence of the Christian Bishop. 9 Church of the Greek Schismatics. 10 Tower of Hippicus. David's Tower. 11 Supposed site of the Tower of Phasaelus 1§ The Prussian Consulate. IS Modem Evangelical ChurcL 14 Hospital and Syrian Convent. IL THE ARMENIAN QUARTER. 15 Armeniaji Convent, with the Church of St. Jamer. The only building in JeTusalem which presents any appearance of cotDfort. 16 Nunnery of St. George. 17 Barracks. ni. THE JEWS' QUARTER. The most wretched in the city. 18 Synagogue of the Shepardim. 19 Synagogue of the Portuguese Jews. go Mosque. IV. THE MOHAMMEDAN QUARTER. 21 Khan and Bazaar, gg Mineral Bath. gS Convent and Schools. 24 Institute for Blind Dervishes. 25 Hospital of St. Helena. 26 Reputed site of the House of the Rich Man. 27 Reputed site of the House of St. Veronica. 28 Residence of the Turkish Pasha. 29 Arch of the "Ecce Homo." '' §0 Place of the Scala Sancta/' the Holy Staircase. §1 Pilate's House. §2 Place of Flagellation. §8 Ruins of a Church. House of Simon the Pharisee. §4 Church of St. Anna. §§ House of Herod. Dervish's Mosque. V. THE MOORS' QUARTER, a Armenian Convent. House of Caiaphas. b American Burial-ground. c David's Tomb, d Place of Wailing of the Jews. Just witliin Zion's Gate are the -wretched ahodes of lepers. PREFACE. History without Geography is incomplete and unsatisfactory. The duty of the historian is, not only to record the events of his narrative, with their causes and consequences, but to sketch the attending scenes and circumstances, so as to present a clear and living picture of the whole. For this pui'pose Geography comes to the aid of History, to delineate the scenery of the histori- cal narrative, to describe the city or country where the event recorded transpired, to depict the mountain, plain, or valley, the ocean, sea, or river, the lake or fountain that blend in the surround- ing landscape. Nothing so effectually aids lis to call up from the tomb the figure of the past and reinvest it with its former lineaments, as these changeless features of nature. These alone give reality and life to the picture. More than all else they carry us back to live in the bygone days of history, and to become living actors in its stirring scenes. Zion is still beautiful for as in the of the Psalmist the hills stand about Jeru- situation, days ; salem now as they did when their picturesque beauties inspired the song of the royal bard. There is the Mount of Olives, and Mount Moriah, with the deep, silent valley below; and there " is Siloa's brook," still fresh and full, as when it flowed "fast by the oracle of God." The heights of Hebron, the grazing-grounds and wells of Beersheba, are the same as when Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob tended there their flocks. Lebanon and Carmel, Tabor, Hermon and Bashan, the Lake of Galilee and its winding shores, are clad still in all the varied beauties which held and charmed the eye of Jesus of Nazareth. These, contemplated in vivid mental conception, carry us back to walk with Jesus by the silent, solemn shore of that lake, to commune in spirit with the sweet singer of Israel, and to converse with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob on the tented field. Thus History and Geography are inseparably associated together, and should ever be studied in connection. lends interest to the other and both are learned with Each, by association, new ; more ease than either when studied separately. Read with careful reference to geographical and chronological data, locate in time as in history, and in space as in geography, the events of the past, trace upon chart and map the shifting scenes of the narrative, and what was before insipid and profitless, becomes, like the "expressive canvas" and the "speaking marble," in- stinct with life and spirit. What was crowded in confusion upon the mind, spreads out in dis- tinct and beautiful perspective, leaving an impression clear and abiding as the landscape of the painter. History and Geography are by common consent considered indispensable branches of study in every primary school. Ancient history and classical geography occupy a large place in every liberal course of education, and why ? only that, as names and places occur in conversation, reading, or public address, we may have some acquaintance with their relative position and importance, together with the historical incidents with which they are associated. But the cities and sites of Scripture History come before us in reading, in conversation, and in the instructions of the pulpit, every day of our life, from childhood to hoary age, while we live in profound ignorance of them, and count it no reproach, no loss. Sacred History and Geography, infinitely more important and more attractive than the histories and geographies 3 4 PREFACE. school or even of our schools, has no place in our public systems of education. What acadorny, —what of Public Edu- •when proposing a course of study peculiarly select and religious system in its of the cation—what College or Theological Seminary even, includes plan study Geography and for half and History of the Bible ? How many, accordingly, read the Scriptures daily, a of the localities and century profess to expound them it may be, without any just conception of the Mount of or scenery of Bethlehem, of Nazareth, of Capernaum, of Jerusalem, Olives, of dark Gethsemane—localities and scenes around which cluster the most hallowed associations of the Christian. The following work is the result of an humble effort and an earnest desire to associate together, and of the for reasons which have been briefly indicated, the History Geography Scriptures, and to allure the young and assist them in an interested and intelligent perusal of the Book of God. Whatever may be the consideration in which this Text Book itself shall be held, we claim in the Bible-class that the subject of it undeniably ought to have a place, not only and Sunday- school, but in the primary and grammar school, the college and the theological seminary. The general plan of the book is the same as that of the Historical Geography of the Bible, published in 1849. It is not, however, an abridgment, but a separate, independent treatise, which has called the writer to a new and extended course of reading, preparatory to the task of constructing this Text Book and Atlas. What was scattered in many volumes is here brought together, "with no cursory pains, to save the reader a far longer travail of wandering through so many desert authors." The works which have been chiefly consulted in the prepa- ration of this manual are subjoined at the conclusion of these remarks. But the present work is by no means offered to the public as a substitute for the Historical Geography of the Bible. The object has been to provide a series of maps more distinct and satisfactory, and to reduce the letter-press into the dimensions requisite for an elementary Text Book. For these purposes the Maps have been prepared, on the basis of Kiepert's Bible Atlas, compared with that of Wieland and Ackermann, and the maps of Drs. Robinson and Wilson, Lieutenant Lynch, Layard, Colonel Chesney, &c. These maps are engraved on steel plates, in such distinctness and beauty, that we think they cannot fail to commend themselves to the favourable consideration of the public. The text has been compressed into the narrowest limits that seemed compatible with the design of presenting a satisfactory compend of the wide range of Biblical Geography, Chro- nology, and History, without reducing it to a barren, repulsive series of isolated statistics. Special attention has been given to the Chronology of Sacred History. The division of the work by chapters has been made in conformity with the extraordinary parallelisms which the history of the Old Testament presents. A little attention to these divisions, compared with the summary which is found on pages 43, 44, will establish several great landmarks in the of chronology the Scriptures, to which intermediate events may be easily referred, so that each shall take its relative position in the long series of ages, without encumbering the memory with a wearisome accumulation of historical dates. Such indeed is the beautiful simplicity of the of the its chronology Bible, that great outlines, may, in a single hour, be so impressed on the memory as never to be forgotten. By means of the Chronological Table and the General Index, this book, like the Historical Geography, offers the advantages of a Gazetteer for occasional reference, as well as of a manual for the consecutive reading arid study of the Bible. Such are the ends proposed in the preparation of this Text Book and Atlas. For many months have been with watchful care laborious but with weary they pursued and diligence ; what propriety or success remains to be seen in the judgment which the book awaits from the public to whom it is submitted.