Dictionary of National Biography
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Ball 79 Ballantine ' ' of his own, in his Brief Assertion (1660) concentric bodies, but the elliptic outline of of the annular character of the Saturniaii the wide-open ring is represented as broken appendages against the objections of Eus- by a depression at each extremity of the tachio Divini. Ball joined the meetings of minor axis. Sir Robert Moray's suggestion to * the Oxonian Society'' at Gresham College in Huygens seems (very obscurely) to convey ' ' 1659, co-operated in founding the Royal his opinion that these hollownesses were in was Society the following year, and named, ; due to the intersection of a pair of crossed in the charter of 15 July 1662, its first trea- . rings. Their true explanation is unquestion- surer. On his resignation of this office, ably that Ball, though he employed a 38-foot ' 30 Nov. 1663, he promised, and subsequently telescope with a double eyeglass, and never paid to the funds of the society, a donation ! saw the planet more distinct,' was deceived of 100/. (WELD, Hist. Royal Soc. i. 171). by an optical illusion. The impossible deli- Soon after 15 June 1665, when he was present ! neations of the same object by other ob- at a meeting of the Royal Society (BiRCH, servers of that period (see plate facing p. 634 Soc. i. he to Hist. Royal 439), appears have of Huygens's Op. Varia, iii.) render Ball's left London, and resumed his astronomical error less surprising. Indeed, it was antici- pursuits at his father's residence, Mamhead pated at Naples in 1633 by F.. Fontana House, Devonshire, about ten miles south of : (Novce Observations, p. 130; see Observatory, Exeter. Here, at six P.M. 13 Oct. 1665, he No. 79, p. 341). in with his Peter tells us ed. v. that made, conjunction brother, \ Pepys (Bright's 375) Ball, M.D., F.R.S., an observation which has Ball accompanied him and Lord Brouncker a certain He to Lincoln's Inn to visit the new of acquired spurious celebrity. | Bishop described it in the following sentence of a Chester (Wilkins) 18 Oct. 1668, and he was letter to Sir Robert which was ac- one of a committee for the accounts Moray, j auditing a the words were of the in November companied by drawing ; Royal Society following. inserted in No. 9 of the ' He succeeded to the estates on his Philosophical j family ' Transactions (i. 153) : father's death in 1680, and erected a monu- ' This appear'd to me the present figure of ment to him in the little church of Mamhead. j Saturn, somewhat otherwise than I expected, I He died in 1690, and was buried in the it would have been but Round of the Middle 22 thinking decreasing ; Temple Oct. of j I found it full as ever, and a little hollow that year (Temple Register; cf. Letters of above and below. Whereupon,' the report Administration P. C. C., by decree, 14 Jan. ' continues, the person to whom notice was 1692). He married Mary Posthuma | Hussey, sent this hath of who survived hereof, examining shape, by j Lincolnshire, him, and had letters desired the worthy author of the by her a son, William. The last of the Balls " " j Systeme of this Planet [Huygens] that he of Mamhead died 13 Nov. 1749. would now attentively consider the present j [Prince's Worthies of Devon (1701), 111-3; of his anses or to see whether figure ring, | Polwhele's Hist, of Devonshire ii. (1797), 155-7 ; the to him as in this I appearance be figure, Watt's Bibl. Brit, i. Prof. J. C. Adams 67 ; and whether he there meets consequently (Month. Not. Royal Astr. Soc. Jan. 1883, pp. 92-7) with nothing that may make him think that attempts to prove that Ball's observation was it is not one body of a circular figure that misrepresented, both in the plate (cancelled, as embraces his diske, but t wo.' he suggests, on that account) and in the letter- Owing to some unexplained circumstance, press of Phil. Trans. See, on the other side, Vivian in Month. Not. March and the plate containing the figure referred to was 1883, Lynn, in 1 June and 1 Oct. 1883. Prof. omitted or removed from the great majority of Observatory, ' Bakhuysen of Leyden gives, Observatory, 2 copies of the Philosophical Transactions,' and July 1883, the passage from Moray's letter to Huygens the letterpress standing alone might naturally referred to in Phil. Trans, i. 153. Huygens's be interpreted to signify that the brothers Ball reply has not been brought to light.] had ten Cassini's dis- yet anticipated by years A. M. C. covery of the principal division in Saturn's This merit was in fact attributed to ring. BALLANDEN. [See BELLENDEN.] them by Admiral (then Captain) Smyth in 1844 (A Cycle of Celestial Objects, p. 51), BALLANTINE, JAMES (1808-1877), and his lead was followed by most writers on artist and man of letters, born at Edinburgh astronomical subjects down to October 1882, in 1808, was entirely a self-made man. when Mr. W. T. Lynn pointed out, in the His first occupation was that of a house- ' Observatory,' the source of the misconcep- painter. He learned drawing under Sir tion. In the few extant impressions of the William Allen at the Trustees' Gallery in woodcut from Ball's drawing not the slightest Edinburgh, and was one of the first to re- indication is given of separation into two vive the art of glass-painting. In 1845 he Ballantyne Ballantyne ' ' show- ' and bad weather to the close published a treatise on Stained Glass, through good of Archi- of Scott's life. ing its applicability to every style Induced the of tecture/ and was appointed by the royal by strong representations commissioners on the fine arts to execute the Scott, Ballantyne, about the close of 1802, House of Lords. removed to ' accommoda- stained-glass windows for the Edinburgh, finding He was the author of several popular works : tion for two presses and a proof one in the 1. 'The Gaberlunzie's Wallet/ 1843. 2. 'The precincts of Holyrood House.' Scott, besides ' Miller of Deanhaugh/ 1845. 3. An Essay advancing a loan of 500/., exerted himself on Ornamental Art/ 1847. 4. 'Poems/ 1856. to procure for him both legal and literary ' with 1865. and such was the soon 5. One Hundred Songs, Music/ printing ; reputation 6. 'The Life of David Koberts, K.A.' 1866. acquired by his press for beauty and correct- There is also a volume of verses published ness of execution that in 1805 the capital by Ballantine in Jamaica, whither in later at his command was too small to fulfil the life he seems to have retired for the benefit contracts that were offered him, and he ap- ' < of his health. The Gaberlunzie's Wallet plied to Scott for a second loan, who there- and some of his songs are still popular in upon became a third sharer in the business. Scotland. He died in Edinburgh in Decem- In 1808 the firm of John Ballantyne & Co., ber 1877. He was the head of the firm of booksellers, was also started, Scott having Messrs. Ballantine, glass stainers, Edinburgh. one half share, and James and John Ballan- each. 22 Dec. 29 Dec. tyne one fourth John Ballantyne [q.v.] [Athenseum, 1877 ; Academy, of the undertook the management of the book- 1877 ; Cooper's Men Time, 1875.] E. E. selling and publishing business, the printing business continuing under the superintend- ence of the elder brother but the actual BALLANTYNE, JAMES (1772-1833), ; of concerns al- the printer of Sir Walter Scott's works, was head both was Scott, who, the son of a general merchant in Kelso, though in establishing them he was actuated where he was born in 1772. His friendship by a friendly interest in the Ballantynes, with Scott began in 1783 at the grammar wished both to find a convenient method of school of Kelso. After mastering his lessons, engaging in a commercial undertaking with- ' Scott used to whisper to Ballantyne, Come, out risk to his status in society, and also as slink over beside me, Jamie, and I'll tell you an author to avoid the irksome intervention a and in the interval of school hours of a between him and the story ;' publisher reading it was also their custom to walk together by public. The publishing business was gradu- the banks of the Tweed, engaged in the same ally discontinued, but the printing business occupation. Before entering the office of a was in itself a brilliant success. The high solicitor in Kelso, Ballantyne passed the perfection to which Ballantyne had brought winter of 1785-6 at Edinburgh University. the art of printing, and his connection with His apprenticeship concluded, he again went Scott, secured such enormous employment to Edinburgh to attend the class of Scots for his press that a large pecuniary profit law, and on this occasion renewed his ac- was almost an inevitable necessity. But with Scott at the Teviotdale though not deficient in natural shrewd- Siaintanceub, of which both were members. In 1795 ness, he was careless in his money transac- he commenced practice as a solicitor in tions, and it was the artistic and literary Kelso, but as his business was not immedi- aspect of his business that chiefly engaged ately successful he undertook in the follow- his interest. Much of his time was occupied ing year the printing and editing of an anti- in the correction and revision of the proofs democratic weekly newspaper, the 'Kelso of Scott's works, the writing of critical and Mail.' A casual conversation with Scott, in theatrical notices, and the editing of the * 1799, led to his printing, under the title of Weekly Journal/ of which, along with his ' Apologies for Tales of Terror/ a few copies brother, he became proprietor in 1817.