Meteorology Test Review
1. Describe the effect of the Coriolis Effect on currents (wind and water)? The Coriolis Effect causes currents to move in a curved path because of the Earth’s rotation.
2. What causes weather? Weather is caused by the uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun and the Earth’s tilt and rotation.
3. What is climate? Climate is the weather of an area over an average amount of time
4. How do climate and weather differ? Weather is the atmospheric changes over a short period of time and climate is the average of all the weather over a long period of time.
5. Explain and illustrate Convection Currents. Also, given examples of where different currents are located. o Convection Current is the constant moving of air, water, or magma that transfers heat around the Earth or in the Earth’s Mantle. o As the heat rises the cold fills in the space. o Convection Currents are located in the ocean, atmosphere, and Earth’s Mantle in the Asthenosphere.
6. What do the convection currents create? Convection Currents create ocean currents and wind
7. Where do warm currents originate? Where do cool currents originate? Warm – Equator Cool - Poles
8. What does the Gulf Stream effect? The Gulf Stream is a warm water current that moves warm, moist currents to Western Coast of Europe, causing warmer temperature and moist, humid weather for the area.
9. What is the Jet Stream? Fast moving air current moving west to east
10. What is humidity? Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air and measured by using a Psychrometer.
11. Describe high and low pressure.
12. How is the weather effected by a low pressure system and how is effected by a high pressure system? Low pressure bring warm, moist air and conditions for storms High pressure brings cool, dry air and conditions for fair skies
13. Name and describe the types of fronts. Cold Front: cold air sinks under warm air, fast moving, and lots of precipitation Warm Front: warm air slides over cold air, slow moving, and steady precipitation Stationary Front: cold and warm air meet but neither of them are strong enough to replace the other, do not move, long periods of precipitation or clouds.
14. What are the conditions after a warm front? Warmer temperature and humid conditions
15. What are the conditions after a cold front? Cooler temperatures and clearing skies
16. Weather Maps – be able to recognize the symbols and identify the weather conditions on a weather map. a. Isobars i. What does it mean if they are close together? The closer the isobars the faster the wind speed b. High and Low Pressure H L c. Cold Fronts
d. Warm Fronts
e. Stationary Fronts
f. Jet Stream
17. Name and describe the types of air masses
18. Explain and illustrate land and sea breezes?
19. Describing the prevailing winds and where they are located on earth: westerlies and easterlies Prevailing winds are winds that blow predominantly over a particular point on the Earth’s surface. Westerlies – blow from West to East Easterlies – blow from East to West Trade Winds – blow East to West found near the Equator
20. What are the following instruments used for? Barometer, Psychrometer, and Anemometer Barometer – measures air pressure Psychrometer – measures humidity Anemometer – measures wind speed
21. What is the fuel for a hurricane? Masses of warm, moist air and warm ocean water
22. How are hurricanes formed? A warm, moist air masses forms over warm ocean water in a low pressure system area
23. Where are hurricanes more likely to form and why? Hurricanes are more likely to form in warm, moist water where warm, moist air masses are located; which is in the Atlantic ocean starting around the Equator and moving up to the United States.