Trump Und Die New York Times Von Simone Hamm

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Trump Und Die New York Times Von Simone Hamm SWR2 MANUSKRIPT ESSAYS FEATURES KOMMENTARE VORTRÄGE SWR2 Wissen Lieblingsfeinde: Trump und die New York Times Von Simone Hamm Fast täglich bringt die New York Times Enthüllungen über Trump. Und der ist jedes Mal erbost darüber. Die einflussreichste Zeitung der Welt und der US-Präsident sind Lieblingsfeinde. Sendung: Dienstag, 28. November 2017, 8.30 Uhr Redaktion: Udo Zindel Regie: Günter Maurer Produktion: SWR 2017 Bitte beachten Sie: Das Manuskript ist ausschließlich zum persönlichen, privaten Gebrauch bestimmt. Jede weitere Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung bedarf der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung des Urhebers bzw. des SWR. MANUSKRIPT Atmo: Straße in New York Autorin: Der New York Times Tower im Herzen von Manhattan, 52 Stockwerke, 319 Meter hoch. Viel Glas und Stahl, entworfen von Renzo Piano. Tausende horizontal montierte weiße Keramikröhren wirken, als ob ein Schleier das ganze Gebäude umhüllt. Sie reduzieren die Sonneneinstrahlung und damit den Energieverbrauch der Klimaanlage. Atmo: Redaktionskonferenz Autorin: Um halb zehn beginnt im 7. Stock die morgendliche Redaktionskonferenz. Chefredakteur Dean Baquet und seine Ressortleiter sitzen an einem ovalen Tisch. Jeder trägt vor, was in seinem Bereich am folgenden Tag berichtet werden soll. 1 Atmo: Redaktionskonferenz Autorin: Wie fast jeden Tag wird die New York Times über Präsident Donald Trump berichten. Und wie fast jeden Tag wird Trump erbost darüber sein. Ansage: Lieblingsfeinde: Donald Trump und die New York Times. Ein Feature von Simone Hamm Autorin: In seinen Tweets nennt Trump die große, liberale Zeitung „the failing“ New York Times, die schwächelnde, die fehlerhafte Times. Das Blatt hat sich an der Russlandconnection festgebissen und liefert Enthüllungen am laufenden Band. Donald Trumps Wahlkampfmanager Paul Manafort, derzeit unter Anklage, soll von Kreml-freundlichen Kreisen fast 13 Millionen Dollar Schwarzgeld erhalten haben. Trump twittert unaufhörlich dagegen: Zitator Trump: Die Berichterstattung über mich in der New York Times ist so falsch und ärgerlich, dass die Times sich bei ihren Lesern entschuldigt hat. Autorin: „Falsch“ ist eigentlich alles an diesem Tweet – die New York Times hat weder falsch berichtet noch hat sie sich entschuldigt. O-Ton Donald Trump: And I mean truly dishonest people in the media, and the fake up media, they make up stories. They have no sources in many cases, they say a source says, there is no such thing, but they don’t report the facts. Zitator Trump: Ich meine es gibt wirklich unehrenhafte Leute in den Medien, und die Lügenpresse erfindet Geschichten. Und in vielen Fällen haben sie keine Quellen. Sie behaupten das zwar, aber es gibt sie nicht. Sie berichten nicht über Tatsachen. Autorin: Paradoxerweise aber ist es genau derselbe Donald Trump, der der New York Times steigende Auflagenzahlen beschert. Trump fördert die Konjunktur seriöser Medien in den USA. Berichterstattung über ihn steigert den Gewinn: CNN wird derzeit so häufig eingeschaltet wie sonst nur bei Naturkatastrophen und Flugzeugen, die vom Radarschirm verschwinden. Der öffentliche, nichtkommerzielle Rundfunk NPR, der auf Spenden angewiesen ist, hat mehr Unterstützer denn je. Die Aktie der New York Times – die Zeitung ist seit 1969 börsennotiert – ist seit Trumps Wahlsieg um 30 Prozent gestiegen. Die Qualitätspresse mag ihn verachten, aber dieser Präsident ist gut für ihre Finanzen, sagt Michael Shear von der New York Times. 2 O-Ton Michael Shear: As you can see, Donald Trump is a really good for the journalism in terms of business. Autorin: Seit Trumps Amtsantritt stieg die Zahl der Online-Abonnenten der New York Times um mehr als 60 Prozent. Sie liegt jetzt bei 2,5 Millionen, und damit doppelt so hoch wie die Zahl derer, die die Zeitung noch auf Papier lesen. Und dann gibt es noch die, die die Times nur immer wieder mal anklicken und nichts dafür bezahlen. Das sind 132 Millionen Menschen. O-Ton Donald Trump: Garbage. Real garbage. It’s a garbage newspaper. The newspaper is going to hell. They’ve got a couple of reporters in that newspaper who are so bad, which I mean lack of talent, but it’s going to hell. Zitator Trump: Müll. Diese Zeitung ist Müll. Sie wird zur Hölle fahren. Die haben ein paar Reporter da, die so schlecht sind und so untalentiert – das Blatt wird untergehen. Autorin: So äußerte sich der 45. US-Präsident über die New York Times. Übrigens dieselbe Zeitung, der er, kaum gewählt, ein langes Interview gegeben hatte. Dabei hatte er die Times noch als Juwel bezeichnet. Atmo: Redaktionsräume New York Times Autorin: 3000 Beschäftigte arbeiten in den Großraumbüros des New York Times Tower, darunter 1350 Redakteure, Reporter und Videojournalisten. Allein im Newsroom sitzen Hunderte von Redakteuren vor ihren Computern. Die Mitarbeiter sind nicht nur stolz darauf, in der Berichterstattung schnell zu sein, sondern vor allem auf ihre Recherchen, ihre hintergründige Aufklärung, ihre exakte Trennung von Meinung und Berichterstattung. Gerade diese Akribie ist es, die die New York Times – oft als graue Tante belächelt – so groß gemacht hat. Am Donnerstag, den 18. September 1851 erschien die erste Ausgabe der „New York Times“, da hieß sie noch „The New York Daily Times“. Ihren Gründern Henry J. Raymond und George Jones schwebte eine seriöse Zeitung vor. Adolph Ochs, dessen Eltern Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts aus dem fränkischen Fürth und dem pfälzischen Landau in die USA ausgewandert waren, übernahm die Zeitung 1896. Er taufte sie um in „New York Times“. Zu dieser Zeit gab es in der Stadt ansonsten nur Revolverblätter. Ochs hob den Unterschied zwischen seinem Blatt und der Boulevardpresse hervor: Zitat: Wenn die „Daily News“ über ein Sittlichkeitsverbrechen berichtet, ist das Sex. Wenn die New York Times darüber schreibt, ist es Soziologie. 3 Autorin: Ochs machte aus der New Yorker Lokalzeitung ein anerkanntes überregionales Blatt und erfand auch den berühmten Slogan: „ All The News That’s Fit To Print – alle Nachrichten, die es wert sind, gedruckt zu werden“. Und alle, die in den USA von gesellschaftlicher Bedeutung sind, Politiker, Wirtschaftler, Künstler, Wissenschaftler lasen und lesen die New York Times. 122 Pulitzerpreise, die höchste Auszeichnung für Journalisten in den USA, hat die New York Times erhalten – mehr als jede andere Zeitung. 1971 zum Beispiel dafür, dass sie die Pentagon-Papiere veröffentlichte: geheime Dokumente des Verteidigungsministeriums, aus denen hervorging, dass die Regierung Unwahrheiten über den Vietnamkrieg verbreitet hatte. Atmo: New York Times Redaktion Autorin: Doch die New York Times wurde und wird auch heftig kritisiert. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg berichtet sie viel zu spät über den Holocaust. Fürchteten die Verantwortlichen, dass die Politik der USA nach Bekanntwerden der Vernichtungslager geändert worden wäre? Dass zu viele Menschen aus Deutschland in die USA geflohen wären? Fürchtete man die Antisemiten in den Vereinigten Staaten? Belegen kann man das nicht. Allerdings hat der Times-Journalist William L. Laurence vom damaligen Kriegsministerium Gelder für seine Berichterstattung erhalten. Skandal genug. 2003 sprachen sich Kommentatoren der New York Times für den Irakkrieg aus. Ein Jahr später entschuldigten sie sich dafür, der Regierung von George W. Bush geglaubt zu haben, dass der Irak chemische Waffen besitze. Auch seien sie falschen Informanten aufgesessen. Reporterin Judith Miller übernahm die Verantwortung und verließ die Zeitung. Gründlich daneben lag die New York Times auch bei der Wahlberichterstattung in den USA 2016. Sie sagte Hillary Clinton einen glatten Sieg voraus. Verleger Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. und Chefredakteur Dean Baquet schrieben einen offenen Brief an die Leser. Zitator: Nach einer solch unberechenbaren und unvorhersehbaren Wahl stellen sich unausweichliche Fragen. Hat Donald Trumps schiere Unkonventionalität dazu geführt, dass wir und andere Medien unterschätzt haben, wie viele Wähler ihn unterstützt haben? Welche Kräfte, welche Spannungen haben zu diesem Ergebnis geführt? Und, am wichtigsten, wie wird ein Präsident, der eine so schillernde Person ist, regieren? Autorin: Selbstkritik sieht anders aus. Auch Michael Shear aus dem Washingtoner Büro der Times versucht eine Erklärung zu finden: 4 O-Ton Michael Shear: We all missed it. You know, you covered enough elections. Seen if a particular kind of story comes out. What happened with this race is, that expectations we had about how things normally work just didn't turn out that way. You had all those scandals that Donald Trump has, you had this scandal in the bus. And under normal circumstances candidate would be gone the next day - that person would be never heard of again. And in the end it didn't go that way. You're inundated by all of these people who just couldn't imagine that he would win. It's hard for you to get to that point, when you say yes it's Donald Trump and he is going to win, nobody that you know thinks that. Übersetzer: Da lagen wir alle falsch. Wir glaubten, wir hätten genügend Wahlen erlebt und Geschichten darüber geschrieben. Aber diesmal war es anders. Was wir erwartet haben ist nicht eingetroffen. All die Skandale, die Trump hatte, die Geschichte im Bus, als er sagte, er könne einer Frau unbehelligt in den Schritt fassen. Unter normalen Umständen wäre so ein Kandidat am nächsten Tag erledigt gewesen. Aber so kam es nicht. Wir alle konnten nicht glauben, dass Trump gewinnen würde. Wir sind umgeben von Leuten, die das auch nicht glauben konnten. Wer immer das gesagt hätte, er hätte ziemlich allein dagestanden. Atmo: vor dem Weißen Haus Autorin: Vor dem Weißen Haus, dem Amtssitz des Präsidenten in Washington D.C., spazieren Besucher. Ein Mann spielt auf einem Akkordeon eine deutsche Polka. Fotoapparate klicken, Handys werden gezückt, Selfies vorm Weißen Haus geschossen. Kinder trinken aus riesigen Colabechern, kauen Hot Dogs. Junge Männer und Frauen sitzen auf ihren Skateboards. Und doch sind überall Polizisten, die alles genau beobachten. Der Garten des Weißen Hauses ist von der Straße, auf der alle flanieren, nur durch einen Zaun getrennt. Atmo: vor dem Weißen Haus / Sirenen Autorin: Dann sperren Polizisten die Straße mit gelben Band ab. Streifenwagen schießen aus der Zufahrt vom Weißen Haus. Dazwischen eine schwarze Limousine.
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