April 2019 Axle Axle weighing ❱ for vanssystems and LCVs DRAINING RESOURCES Last word: Last IN THIS IN ISSUE ❱ TC Scotland’s before speaks her retirement Slick solutions for waste solutions removal oil Slick

IN THIS ISSUE April 2019 Features ❱ Last word: ❱ Axle weighing Scotland’s TC systems for vans speaks before and LCVs her retirement

COVER STORY: WORKSHOP 12 Draining resources Pits and lanes can both accommodate systems to safely collect used vehicle oils drained out of the vehicle sump, reports Richard Simpson

Dealing with DEEEs 14 Following an update last year, workshops must meet more stringent air quality standards or risk prosecution, says Kevin Swallow DRAINING RESOURCES Slick solutions for waste oil removal Further hope for hydrogen 16 A new EU project could propel fuel cell buses back into the limelight. John Challen reports Regulars Emissions retrofi ts 5 Comment 19 Run non-compliant vehicles and need to operate in an ultra low emissions or clean air zone? The aftermarket may 7 News have some answers, but only really for the passenger and municipal sector, reports Richard Simpson • Depot trial begins of full-size autonomous bus • WABCO-ZF merger goes TRAFFIC COMMISSIONERS ahead 22 Interview • Highways Agency teams Scotland’s traffi c commissioner Joan Aitken OBE retired up with DVSA for CV in February after 15 years of service. Before leaving, she enforcement offers her views about the importance of community • Mercedes-Benz launches goodwill, local knowledge and respect for bodily functions pre-bodied trucks Going blue in the face • John Lewis pledges zero- 25 The law has clamped down on operators found to have fi tted carbon fl eet by 2045 AdBlue cheat devices on their vehicles, fi nds Steve Banner 39 Engineer to engineer • Ash Group reports View from the top £20,000/yr fuel savings after 29 As the IRTE technician Skills Challenge switch to Certas Energy returns to S&B Automotive Academy in June, • Silverstone doubles four-time winner William Scott, of Translink, investment with CV and car refl ects on the competition and his formative asset tracker software experiences in engineering CV Show preview 40 Technology update 31 Early show news is highlighted; a further update will be New two-page, single-topic provided in our next issue, out later this month section focuses on oils and lubricants; news from seven Van and LCV engineering: vehicle scales suppliers is included 36 Ignorance is no excuse for the drivers of overloaded vans. Dan Gilkes examines some technological solutions to this 42 Legal update small-scale problem

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 3

Published by The Society of Operations Engineers President Howard Seymour CEng CEnv FSOE FIPlant FIRTE Fluid thinking Chief Executive Bruce McGill The Society of Operations Engineers is a licensed member of the Engineering Council. luids and gases are the common theme this month, from the Registered in England Company No 3667147 cover feature about spill-free oil changes (pp12-13) to a pair of Registered Charity F No 1081753 articles on exhaust emissions. The first of these (pp14-15) asks A Company Limited by Guarantee Registered Office whether workshop managers are aware that exposure limits to 22 Greencoat Place, London SW1P 1PR Tel: 020 7630 1111 exhaust constituents were lowered last year; as a result they may Fax: 020 7630 6677 Email: [email protected] www.soe.org.uk need to invest in local exhaust ventilation, or at least open the doors. Editor Will Dalrymple The second (pp16-17) considers ways to mitigate emissions on older Email: [email protected] Contributing Editors buses and coaches, as the London ULEZ – potentially the first of many Steve Banner, John Challen, Toby Clark, Laura Cork, Dan Gilkes, in cities across the UK – launches this month. Peter Shakespeare, Richard Simpson, Kevin Swallow, Chris Tindall We move on to consider the absence of exhaust in the next Art Editor Chris Charles feature: it profiles vehicles in a hydrogen fuel cell project, whose only Production Manager Nicki McKenna Email: [email protected] combustion products are water vapour (pp19-20). Advertisement Manager Craig Molloy Next up is a pair of articles relating to our traffic commissioners. Email: [email protected] Tel: 01322 221144 Among them, a recent topic of concern is AdBlue defeat devices. Publisher Jon Benson Profiled on pp25-26, these illegal retrofits disable the emissions Transport Engineer is the official journal of the IRTE, system and its urea tank as well. Immediately before that article, a professional sector of the SOE. Produced on behalf of the IRTE by though, is an interview with Scotland’s long-serving traffic MA Business Hawley Mill, Hawley Road, commissioner, Joan Aitken, who speaks passionately about her years Dartford, Kent DA2 7TJ Tel: 01322 221144 www.transportengineer.org.uk of service, just before retiring in February (pp22-23). Transport Engineer She contends that one of the wider social issues that the industry is distributed free of charge to SOE members, dependent on membership sector. For non-members, the annual subscription rate struggles against, and which puts off potential female drivers, is the (12 issues) is £79.50 UK and EU, or £81.50 airmail outside EU. For other SOE members, decay and closure of decent public toilets. We used to be grown up the discounted rate is £32. Origination by about the need to properly manage bodily functions, she argues; CC Media Group Printed by what has happened since? Pensord Press UK ISSN 0020-3122 • Apologies to Volvo for getting its retarder offering completely wrong in last month’s cover feature (pp10-12). A full correction is in news, p10, but, put simply, the OEM offers not only an exhaust brake

Some of the articles and guidance included in and gearbox-mounted retarder, but also its VEB engine brake. Transport Engineer may make a contribution to your personal CPD requirements.

Please read our privacy policy, by visiting http://privacypolicy.markallengroup.com. This will explain how we process, use and safeguard your data. Views expressed in Transport Engineer are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views of The Society of Operations Engineers or of MA Business. © 2019 The Society of Operations Engineers

Will Dalrymple Editor

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 5 See us on Stand See us on Stand 4C96 at C66 at NEWS DESK 

DAF Trucks has announced that its LF Sweeper chassis, in partnership with Johnston Sweepers, is now available with ZF’s 12-speed AS Tronic transmission. The new gearbox option, offering a spread from 10.37:1 to 0.81:1, is said to bridge a gap between Allison’s existing manual and fully automatic transmission options.

FORS has announced that ND Brown has become the fi rst commercial vehicle hire fl eet in the UK to achieve FORS Vehicle Hire Company accreditation. This new trial arrangement requires that vehicle hire which are not FORS members must prove their vehicles are equipped with FORS safety equipment and are maintained and managed to FORS requirements.

The European Commission has agreed new rules to step up UK depot trial begins the deployment of digital connectivity – or Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) – on Europe’s roads. The new technology of autonomous bus will allow vehicles to talk to each other (V2V), to the road infrastructure (V2I), and to other road users (V2X) – for example, A trial is underway of the UK’s fi rst full-sized autonomous bus at the Sharston, about dangerous situations ahead, roadworks and the timing of Manchester depot of Stagecoach. traffi c lights. The 11.5m single-deck Enviro200, built by Alexander Dennis (ADL), is equipped with CAVstar control and sensor technology from Fusion Processing. Northern Irish business SDC Truck & Trailer Parts has its fi rst The fi rst public demonstration was held on 18 March, and was attended by the branch in England, in Warrington. The company, a subsidiary chief executives of the partner organisations ADL, Stagecoach and Fusion. of SDC Trailers, says the new branch is in response to growing CAVstar uses multiple sensor types including radar, LIDAR, optical cameras demand, and follows three other branch openings last year in and ultrasound, along with satellite navigation to detect and avoid objects in all Omagh, Cork and New Ross. weathers, day and night, and to plan an optimum path for the vehicle. The software being used in this pilot vehicle also forms the basis for a major trial Van rental business Eastgate Commercial has recovered due to start in 2020, when a fl eet of fi ve autonomous buses will run with passengers a stolen Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, despite its tracking system between Fife and Edinburgh (www.is.gd/cepubo). being ripped out, thanks to the vehicle’s Mercedes PRO connect The vehicles in both trials will be used autonomously to Level 4, which means system. When criminals broke into one of its Sprinters recently, that a safety driver must remain on board, in line with UK regulations. they removed the tracking equipment. Gary Bridge, branch “Stagecoach was the original transport disruptor, trying new things and sales manager of dealer Cicely Commercials’ Bolton branch and breaking new ground, and that has never changed. This is an exciting project to service colleagues used the system to track the van to a yard in trial autonomous technology on a full-sized bus for the fi rst time in the UK,” said Leeds. They informed the police and the vehicle was recovered 20 Stagecoach chief executive Martin Griffi ths. minutes later. Jim Hutchinson, CEO of Fusion Processing, said the trial “offers a glimpse of how future bus depots can be automated for improved safety and effi ciency”. Testing facility Millbrook is building a new vehicle emissions test Colin Robertson, ADL chief executive, added: “This trial allows us to evaluate facility to expand its capability for heavy-duty vehicles. Due to be potential benefi ts of autonomous technology in a real-world scenario, and feeds into completed by 2020, the new facility will replace Millbrook’s VTEC our extensive work to further improve the safety of buses with the help of state-of- (variable temperature emissions chamber) and will be able to the-art technology.” handle vehicles up to 60 tonnes. Verizon Connect has announced the launch of Engine Connect, WABCO-ZF merger goes ahead a diagnostic tool designed for light commercial vehicles. Data analysed includes fuel usage, distance travelled and diagnostics, Braking systems supplier WABCO Holdings has announced that a merger with ZF combining this with GPS location for full visibility. Freidrichshafen is to go ahead, with ZF acquiring WABCO for US $7 billion. In a statement released on 28 March, WABCO said the deal “will bring VBG Truck Equipment, part of the VBG Group, has announced together two global technology leaders serving OEMs and fl eets in the it has agreed to buy BPW’s drawbar assemblies business for €2.4 automotive and commercial vehicle industry”. million. The deal is expected to complete by the end of this year. It also said the merger would combine WABCO’s capabilities in commercial As part of the deal, VBG – already a distributor for BPW drawbars – vehicle safety and effi ciency with ZF’s leading position in driveline and chassis is buying product rights, patents and ECE approvals. technologies. The deal is expected to be fi nalised early next year.

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 7 NEWS DESK

Volvo Bus takes off with six electric single-deckers for Birmingham Airport Due for arrival in November, the six 7900e will be recharged during operation using the OppCharge pantograph system developed by Volvo and ABB. Charging takes up to six minutes.

Highways England now stopping CVs

A new partnership between Highways Either Highways England or DVSA England and the Driver and Vehicle can now bring vehicles into sites for Standards Agency means commercial DVSA examiners to check for issues vehicle drivers in the West Midlands such as drivers’ hours offences, could now be stopped by a Highways mechanical defects, overloading and England traffi c offi cer. load security issues. The agreement, announced in DVSA director of enforcement February, sees the two organisations Marian Kitson said: “The main winner working together to pull in lorries, here is road safety... It makes perfect vans, buses and coaches on the sense for those with similar skills, region’s motorways while sharing resources and goals to support each automatic number plate recognition other in this way. (ANPR) data and other intelligence in “This partnership means we have real time. a wider network of stopper vehicles The agencies say that the aim is to hunt down that minority of rogue to improve road safety and use public operators who put profi t before warrant to Highways England for this or DVSA vehicle could result in court funds more effectively, and follows a safety.” partnership, which means that failure action or attention from the traffi c successful trial in the same area. DVSA has delegated its stopping to stop for either a Highways England commissioner. Cameron Forecourt pumped up by TSG acquisition

Commercial fuelling business Cameron TSG Fleet activity in the UK. Forecourt has been acquired by TSG UK TSG sales director Steve Watts (formerly Tokheim Services Group). (pictured, left, with Jenner) adds: “The TSG says Cameron Forecourt’s acquisition of Cameron Forecourt expertise in the haulage, aggregates secures the specialist resources that and rail sectors is “a great fi t”, and we believe are required to provide the will complement its strong position in services that the commercial fuelling retail fuelling. market deserves.” Barry Jenner, previously MD As well as retail fuelling, TSG of Cameron Forecourt and now UK has a division dedicated to business development director, construction and tank management, says: “The opportunities for Cameron including re-lining. It is also involved Forecourt under TSG’s ownership are with vehicle wash systems through its incredibly exciting. As a combined that are currently unavailable to the countries with 2,400 fi eld engineers partnership with Kärcher, and electric company, we have the opportunity commercial fuelling market.” and 40,000 fuelling sites under direct vehicle charging through a partnership to offer new services and capabilities TSG has a presence in 30 service. Cameron Forecourt joins the with ChargePoint.

8 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

NEWS DESK 

Due to several mistakes during the editing process, Volvo Trucks’ retarder offering was misrepresented in last month’s issue (pp10-12). First, Volvo Trucks relies on a butterfl y exhaust brake or an exhaust pressure regulator as standard across its range. With regards to additional retardation, Volvo favours the engine brake known as VEB and originally launched on the new D12 engine on the FH range in 1993. John Comer, Volvo Trucks’ head of truck product management, describes the VEB, not the exhaust brake, when he says: “The major advantage is that you get a high retardation performance with no degeneration due to heat, for the additional weight of 6kg, at a fraction of the cost of a gearbox retarder. At 2,400rpm it can deliver 290-300kW, depending on engine size.” Second, the term ‘VEB’ is placed incorrectly in the Mercedes launches table: it should be next to the engine brake. Third, the article defi nes ‘intarder’ as a gearbox retarder; however, ‘Intarder’ is a pre-bodied ranges registered trademark of the automotive component manufacturer, ZF. Volvo Trucks does use a gearbox retarder, but that component Mercedes-Benz Trucks has launched a through 18-tonne Antos, to 7.5- and 3.5- is manufactured by Voith. Transport Engineer regrets these errors. range of off-the-shelf pre-bodied rigids tonne Fuso Canters. and tractor units to reduce delivery times Ben Grayson, Mercedes-Benz Trucks Birmingham City Council has launched a website called of standard types of truck combinations. UK marketing communications manager, Business Breathes (www.is.gd/ofi baz) to help fl eet managers and Called WorkReady, the range said: “Most customers will continue owner-drivers to prepare for the city’s forthcoming clean air zone, incorporates both pre-bodied new to order their chassis from the factory, which will be implemented in January 2020. chassis and used vehicles. then get them built or converted by a Vehicles available immediately bodybuilder, and one or more other The government has announced that it will consult on legislation include Actros StreamSpace and parties. However, given the time these to ban older tyres from use on trucks, buses and coaches. The BigSpace tractors, as well as Actros1 processes take, some operators will be proposal follows a change in industry guidance and a research models with GigaSpace cabs. better served by a WorkReady vehicle. project begun last year. Transport secretary Chris Grayling said: A stock of rigids is being pre-bodied If they’re faced with an urgent business “Emerging evidence and leading expert testimony shows us that for various applications, including requirement, WorkReady can provide the we need to ban tyres over the age of ten years from larger vehicles 8x4 Arocs construction trucks with answer.” based upon the ‘precautionary principle’.” Boweld and Thompson tipping bodies, He added: “The signifi cant Thompson tipper-grabs and Hyva investments we are making in this City West Commercials is expanding its Exeter depot, adding hookloaders. programme underline Mercedes-Benz a new MOT bay to its nine-bay workshop by the end of March. The There are also box-bodied vehicles, Trucks’ commitment to supporting such Mercedes-Benz dealer’s expansion follows the opening of a new from 26-tonne Actros and Antos variants, customers.” service centre for vans and trucks at the 1.8-acre site in May 2018.

Brigade Electronics has launched the Quiet Vehicle Sounder John Lewis pledges zero-carbon (QVS), a speaker system designed to mimic IC engine noise for electric and hybrid vehicles, improving safety for pedestrians and transport fl eet by 2045 cyclists who would not otherwise hear the vehicle approaching. The John Lewis Partnership has pledged deliveries to biomethane-powered Go Plant Fleet Services has opened a new workshop in Kettering to have a carbon-free transport fl eet by vehicles; 60 have already been acquired. to support its CV operation, which has almost doubled in the last 2045. The move will entail switching its The retailer says it will switch year due to the company’s acquisition of SM Sweepers. 3,200-strong fl eet of trucks, trailers and heavy trucks and all smaller vehicles to vans – operating for Waitrose and John electric versions as the UK’s charging Volvo Trucks has announced the introduction of the Volvo FH Lewis – to zero-emission vehicles. infrastructure improves in the coming with I-Save option, promising fuel savings of up to 7% for long- Transport emissions account for years. It has already started to electrify haul operators. Key to the offer is the new D13TC Euro VI Step D 40% of the retailer’s overall carbon its van fl eet, working with technology engine, whose pistons feature a patented wave-shaped crown to footprint. As part of a larger corporate company Arrival to trial four smart home improve combustion and effi ciency. Also, excess energy in the carbon strategy, it will initially focus on delivery vans. exhaust gases is recovered to power the engine fl ywheel via a reducing HGV emissions, which account It is also testing zero-emissions turbocompounder: an additional turbine in the exhaust fl ow. for two-thirds of its transport emissions. refrigeration units on six Waitrose It is switching 500 HGVs used for store delivery trucks.

10 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

GARAGE & WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT

resourcesDraining

Pits and lanes can both accommodate systems to safely collect used vehicle oils drained out of the vehicle sump, reports Richard Simpson

sed oils are an inevitable Scania, in particular, uses Oakwood product of workshop to collect waste from its own workshops, activity. They are also including the new dealer facility in potentially harmful to the Bridgwater, Somerset. Its general health of workers who manager Nigel Champion explains Uhandle them; the consequences range that every precaution is taken against from skin irritation to cancer in humans, waste oil contaminating the outside and pollution of the wider environment, environment. “We chose Balzer wide- as just one litre of oil can contaminate a bodied inspection pits, which have million litres of water. removable, cleanable floors. They have Every workshop, large or small, must sufficient space to allow us to install have an infrastructure that enables it the Alentic Orion oil collection system, to handle used oil in a way that will which features a hopper on a cantilever will often provide a very good clue as not harm either employees or the arm that can be swung into position to why a unit has failed. All of the used environment. under the engine, gearbox and axle oil – whether it be engine, gearbox, axle Traditionally, many workshops burned drain points.” or transmission – goes into the same waste oil on site; the fuel powered space The oil runs into the hopper tank. The tank will need emptying every heaters. This practice was effectively (pictured above), and is then pumped two or three months. It is discharged by banned in England and Wales in 2012 pneumatically up and away into a 4,500- gravity into a collection tanker.” (Draining by the introduction of a permit costing litre bunded tank, which is positioned manifold shown top right.) £3,218. Scotland and Northern Ireland on a mezzanine floor, well out of the way Used filters and oily rags go into imposed even tighter legislation. of potential damage. Alongside it are separate bins for collection by Oakwood. But waste oil still has its uses. more bunded tanks containing fresh oils, The oil filter bins sit on palletised drip Oakwood, now part of Enva, collects which are piped direct to the various trays. When the containers are filled, used oil from workshops and workstations on the shop floor. they are all taken out of the workshop to reprocesses it to provide fuels for large “While we service vehicles over pits, a separate designated recycling building oil-burning applications, including when we have to remove large units such to await collection. Different bays in asphalt production, power generation, as engines and gearboxes, we raise the the same building also store returned heating and crop drying. Some used vehicle on lifts and lower the unit on to service-exchange units, warranty return oil is also treated and returned to the workshop floor. To catch and contain parts, recyclable card and paper, and the lubricant industry for use in basic the oil we use ‘daleks’: 125-litre wheeled scrap items awaiting collection. products. (Like many other service drums with oil collection hoppers. These providers, Enva also collects and safely are plugged into the same waste oil GOOD FOR EVERYONE disposes of other garage wastes, system as the arms when full. “Running a clean operation is including used filters, contaminated rags “If necessary, we can draw a sample absolutely paramount. Clean working and batteries.) of oil for analysis. Oil wear metal analysis conditions are good for everyone, and

12 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 GARAGE & WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT

THE SERVICE- EXCHANGE SUMP

Replaceable oil filters are standard now on most vehicles, but oil supplier Castrol is now working on a replaceable (and intelligent) filled sump. Initially developed for an Aston Martin high-performance car with a dry-sump lubrication system, the second phase of the Nexcel active oil management system has been modified to suit passenger cars and vans with conventional ‘wet’ oil sumps. Nexcel is a sealed, self-contained cell which contains the correct grade of oil for the engine and an integral filter. It incorporates a system which limits the volume of oil supplied to the engine until the engine has warmed up fully, via an electronic control unit and an electric pump. Oil condition analysis can also be protection for the local environment on a mileage rather than calendar basis.” incorporated. was a requirement from the moment Still, the workshop has bulk Typically, a 2-litre engine might planning started for this facility,” dispensers for engine, gearbox and contain as much as 4.5 litres of oil. Champion concludes. axle lubricants, with two grades of each. But in shorter work cycles, a two-litre Nigel James manages the Imperial Other more specialist (and expensive) supply can be more than adequate, Commercials franchised DAF workshop lubricants for hydraulic and transmission and allow for faster engine warm-up in Swindon, which is a purpose-built applications are held in drums. All and more economical running. The facility that has been operating since used oil is collected in wheeled ‘daleks‘ cells are clipped in and out of the 2015. Imperial is one of the largest irrespective of whether the vehicle is engine bay, from above, in around independent commercial vehicle over a pit or on a lift. These are then 90 seconds, offering a spill-free oil dealers in the UK. Employing 14 pneumatically pumped out into a change without the need to access technicians and two apprentices on 2,400-litre used oil tank, where all types the underside of the vehicle. the DAF apprenticeship programme, are commingled prior to collection by Used oil is returned within the cell the Swindon DAF workshop has three Enva. Other fluids are kept segregated for re-refining, without the risk of service pits and three flat bays where and collected separately. “The used oil contamination from other grades of more major work can be carried out. tank needs emptying every couple of oil, or dilution by undesirables such The busy facility also includes dedicated weeks,” James says. as brake fluid. bays for ATF, ADR and steam cleaning. He concludes: “Over the years I’ve The sheer volume of oil carried James says that its exact oil storage been in the business, there’s been an in heavy-duty diesel engines would needs are unpredictable. He states: “It’s increasing emphasis on the responsible make installing and removing difficult to judge just how much used oil disposal of used oil and other workshop sufficiently large Nexcel cells a we are going to generate: DAF offers waste. Used oil and other fluids have challenge, but perhaps not an long-drain and standard engine oils, to be disposed of in a verified and insurmountable one. and the oil change intervals are now set responsible process.”

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 13 WORKSHOP HEALTH & SAFETY

KNOW YOUR LIMITS

Following an update last year, workshops must meet more stringent air quality standards, or risk prosecution, says Kevin Swallow

he main chemical 15,000ppm ST; NO2 limits are 0.5ppm ventilation or protective equipment constituents of diesel LT and 1.0ppm ST; the LT WEL for NO is provided by his employer, he was also engine exhaust emissions 2.0ppm (www.is.gd/uwafeh). not made aware of the dangers of are: carbon, water, carbon A spokesperson for Socotec, exposure to diesel fumes, and no risk monoxide (CO), carbon a company that provides testing, assessment of where he worked was Tdioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), nitrogen inspection and compliance services undertaken. Air quality was only first oxides (NOx), oxides of sulphur (SOx, and is based in Burton-upon-Trent, monitored in 2015. including sulphur dioxide, SO2), alcohols, says employers need to ensure that Royal Mail settled the case out of aldehydes, ketones, and hydrocarbons. WELs are not exceeded, through both court without admitting liability. Collectively, the HSE refers to these real-time measurements and long-term as diesel engine exhaust emissions, or sampling. It warns: “Failing to comply PROTECTING GARAGE WORKERS DEEEs. HSE says: “Prolonged exposure with regulations may allow workers to At Auto Extract Systems, based in Leigh, to diesel fumes, especially blue or black be exposed to hazardous substances Greater Manchester, marketing manager smoke, may lead to coughing and at consequential levels, a subsequent ill Gary Warner says smaller garages tend breathlessness. Long-term repeated workforce will result in productivity loss to go for exhaust extraction reels that are exposure to diesel fumes over a period as well as hefty fines and prosecutions.” mounted to the wall or ceiling. He says: of about 20 years may increase the risk In 2017 an employee of Parcelforce “Ideally there would be a vehicle exhaust of lung cancer.” Worldwide, part of Royal Mail Group, extraction system at every bay with a fan, Maximum exposure levels were sued for negligence for alleged so ‘at-source emissions’ were taken away updated in the third edition of the breaches of existing health and safety and not dissipated into the atmosphere. EH40/2005 workplace exposure limits regulations that protect staff from A manufacturer’s dealership will put the (WELs) last year. They are expressed in exposure to hazardous substances right equipment in, but small or back two time-weighted periods; long-term featured as part of COSHH (Control street garages often don’t want to invest (LT) is eight hours and short-term (ST) of Substances Hazardous to Health in solutions, and will open the doors. means 15 minutes. Regulations 2002). The plaintiff, backed “That’s fine in the summer but in the Compared to the previous edition, by the Communication Workers winter a good employer would close the WELs for CO are down a third to 20ppm Union, said during his shift at a major doors, put on the heating and use an over LT and halved to 100ppm during depot he was exposed daily to diesel exhaust extraction system.” a 15-minute exposure; CO2 WELs exhaust pollution, which he said led to The extraction of diesel fumes plays are unchanged at 5,000ppm LT and him developing asthma. Without any a significant part in achieving the IRTE

14 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 WORKSHOP HEALTH & SAFETY

“Opening the doors is fine in the summer, but in the winter a good employer would close them, put on the heating and use an exhaust extraction system” Gary Warner

Workshop Accreditation. A dealership NATURAL GAS SAFEGUARDS must demonstrate that its own exhaust IVECO Trucks UK is steering a course extraction system is sufficient for the towards natural gas-powered trucks. number of vehicles, and “that it is Up to 50 of its 84 dealers and service available for vehicles which are running points have seen investment in in the workshop and is maintained in specific equipment to work on natural working order”. gas trucks. Peter Miles, fleet service For example, across the MAN Truck & and NP business manager, says that Bus UK dealer network, each workshop ABS Group audited its workshop bay is fitted with a built-in exhaust safeguards. Recommendations included extraction system that will draw exhaust certified lighting systems, sealed non- gas and any harmful particles, putting incandescent lighting systems integrated them through a filtration system and with floor and ceiling-based methane venting them through the roof. Any alarms, and hopper-based ventilation vehicles that require the engine to run systems. Some dealers are creating while in the workshop have an exhaust dedicated gas truck bays; others, guided extraction system attached to the by a risk assessment, are either providing vehicle’s exhaust outlet and piped into workers with protective equipment, or the filtration system. moving the trucks outside.

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 15 BUS AND COACH CONVERSIONS

Further hope for HYDROGEN Once a lot of the fears surrounding fuel cell buses had been dispelled, they entered into a period of quiet acceptance with small-scale trials. Now, however, there is a new EU project that could propel them back into the limelight. John Challen reports

uel cell buses currently operate in the region of €1.2 million – a big fuel cell buses. It was impossible to have in London (run by Transport for investment, but it was the first time that them from just one country in JIVE, so London) and Aberdeen (looked fuel cell buses had been put on the we had to spread it out.” after by Stagecoach and First road. We wanted to see if it would work There has to be a minimum of five Group), having entered service on a larger scale and find out how they different cities in different countries, Fas part of the EU’s High V.Lo-City and would operate alongside traditionally she explains, adding that there are HyTransit projects. powered vehicles.” ten countries involved across the At their peak, there were ten The latest initiatives – JIVE and JIVE two schemes: UK; Germany; France; buses running in both locations, and 2 – are the final two projects in the FCH Denmark; Iceland; Norway; Sweden; the reactions from operators and JU programme. Started at different Netherlands, Latvia and Italy. passengers was positive, with no major times, the two actually have a lot in issues being reported. In addition, the common, and the only reason they are COST DIFFERENTIAL CHIC (Clean Hydrogen in European not combined is due to the funding The biggest difference between the Cities) programme was hailed a success allocations. “There was one amount of two programmes is the purchase price when it concluded back in 2016. money allocated for a project for 2017 of the buses. Having seen prices fall “In 2008 we had the first projects and another funding stream set aside from the €1.2 million back in 2008, undertaken by the Fuel Cells and for the following year,” recalls Skiker. JIVE introduced a cap of €650,000 for Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH “There are different cities involved in the each bus, with JIVE 2 taking it one step JU),” explains Sabrine Skiker, EU two projects: there are a lot of German further to €625,000 for 12m-long buses. policy manager and a key figure in the cities in both JIVE and JIVE 2, simply Participating OEMs include ADL, European fuel cell programmes. “At because there were a lot of regions CaetanoBus, EvoBus/Daimler, Safra, that time, the cost of the buses was there that wanted a large number of Van Hool, VDL and Wrightbus. Sub- suppliers include Ballard, ElringKlinger, Hydrogenics, Luxfer, Proton Motor and Siemens. In total, there will be 300 buses across the two projects – roughly equal numbers between both, says Skiker. “In past projects, we talked about very small fleets – typically three to five buses for each city. The largest deployment was in Aberdeen, which had ten buses,” she explains. “But for these projects we are going much larger – so in Cologne there will be 30 buses and most of the others will

16 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 BUS AND COACH CONVERSIONS

“We have seen indications of fuel cell bus prices falling to €450,000 [£385,000], which is comparable with battery buses, so that will be a game-changer” Sabrine Skiker

has ordered Van Hool 12m-long buses, potential, and we want to improve that.” while Pau in France has chosen the same The Van Hool buses are designed manufacturer, but 18m-long versions,” for 29 seated passengers and up to 49 explains Skiker. “It is the fi rst time they standing. Thanks to the hybrid power have been used for a Bus Rapid Transit source, they will be able to carry out a system, which is another interesting full day’s schedule of 350km (217mi). element of the project.” The tank capacity is 38.2kg of hydrogen, The fuel cell module order from Van with typical consumption (helped by the Hool was for 40 FCveloCity-HD 85kW re-use of braking energy) at around 8kg have at least ten hydrogen vehicles. units and was, according to Ballard, the of hydrogen over 100km. “In countries with no experience of largest order ever for fuel cell buses in Skiker believes the technology will shuttle buses, such as many cities in Europe. The system will also feature a complement battery buses in fl eets of France, a smaller number of buses were 210kW Siemens PEM electric traction the future. “If you need up to 200km ordered, simply because it was more motor. “Transit buses are an excellent [124mi] of range, then a battery bus of a risk for them,” she adds. “Originally example of a strong fi t for fuel cell would make sense, but if you need the call was for ten-plus or 20-plus technology, which is able to meet the a longer range for inter-urban traffi c, buses, but then we subsequently key requirements of long range, rapid travelling hilly routes or when running decided that newcomers could have a refuelling, heavy payload and full route in winter, then the fuel cell is the better mix of both.” fl exibility,” says Rob Campbell, Ballard’s option,” says Skiker. In the UK, JIVE will place 20 buses in chief commercial offi cer. “Also, there is no diesel generator Birmingham and 26 in London; The Cologne and Pau operations will required for heating in hydrogen- JIVE 2 will place 12 in Dundee and 20 begin in September/October 2019, the powered buses, because they can use in Brighton. In addition, three extra same time as ebe Europa-supplied fuel the heat recuperated from the fuel cell. buses will be placed in Belfast and 25 cell buses take to the streets outside “A lot of the decision will also in Bootle, Merseyside with UK funding. Frankfurt. While deliveries will be be down to cost, but we have seen A related €5.5m project, Mehrlin, will made over the summer, there will be a indications of fuel cell bus prices install seven hydrogen bus refuelling ‘settling-in’ period. “What we found out falling to €450,000 [£385,000], which stations around Europe, including in from previous projects – which I was is comparable with battery buses, both Birmingham and London to supply also involved in – was that the buses so that will be a game-changer,” she the JIVE buses. needed time to adapt to the route and says. “Cologne is investing in battery As the vehicles involved in JIVE and the telemetry,” says Skiker. buses as well as being a part of JIVE,” JIVE 2 have yet to enter service, there “The technology was there, and the she adds. Another example is Norway, remain decisions to be made about the buses were operating, but they only which had a battery-only policy for specifi cations of the vehicle, although reached 85-90% of their performance many years, “but now they are part of some cities are further down our project because they realise that the line than others. “Cologne EEVsVs ddoo nnotot ssolveolve aallll ooff tthehe pproblems”.roblems”.

HOW FUEL CELLS WORK

TogetherTogether withwith thethe lithiumlithium batteriesbatteries andand eelectriclectric motors,motors, thethe fuelfuel cellscells formform thethe basisbasis ooff anan all-electricall-electric powerpower source.source. HydrogenHydrogen iiss convertedconverted intointo electricityelectricity inin thethe fuelfuel cellcell – withwith waterwater vapourvapour asas itsits onlyonly emissionemission – wwhilehile batteriesbatteries provideprovide additionaladditional powerpower asas needed. Image: Ballard

April 2019 wwww.transportengineer.org.ukww.transportengineer.org.uk 1177

BUS AND COACH CONVERSIONS

Greening the fleet

Run non-compliant vehicles and need to operate in an ultra low emissions or clean air zone? The aftermarket may have some answers, but only really for the passenger and municipal sector, reports Richard Simpson

he rise of clean air zones in London and other British towns and cities has caused many fleet operators across the freight and Tpassenger sectors to rethink their fleet replacement policies. Local authorities faced with air quality issues have been given a tool to deal remains that operators with used Euro buses and coaches coming into service with them by central government. That V vehicles now have a considerable up to 12 months after the last Euro VI tool is the clean air zone: a relatively financial hurdle to clear if they are to trucks were registered; and because of inflexible instrument that, when applied make the transition to Euro VI. their high capital costs, such vehicles to heavy vehicles, allows the authority On the other hand, with the last Euro tend to have longer lives and stay longer to impose tolls on trucks, coaches and V trucks having gone out of production with their first keeper, too. It’s by no buses that do not conform to Euro VI some six or seven years ago, it’s not a means unusual for coach operators to limits. problem that will afflict big fleets. get ten years out of a premium vehicle, Exceptions cannot be made, not But for other sectors, it’s more of an gradually cascading it down the fleet even for vehicles certified to EEV – issue. Longer build times saw Euro V pecking order from demanding work environmentally enhanced vehicle standard – that on introduction was seen as so stringent that only gas vehicles POWER CONVERSIONS would ever be able to meet it. But it has since been eclipsed by the even more Operators who wish to switch to a hybrid driveline or all-electric power have a number of options. rigorous Euro VI limits for diesel. Magnetic Systems Technology (Magtec) has approved repower kits for ADL Enviro 400 and 400H, This move has had a distinct impact Ayats Bravo City, Dennis Tridents, MAN Lion, Scania N94UD, Omnicity, and Citywide, and Volvo on the truck market, with used Euro V B7TL and B9TL, Wrightbus Eclipse Gemini and UNVI Urbis double-deckers. Approved single-decker trucks changing hands at far lower conversions cover Dennis Dart, MAN Lion, Mercedes Citaro, Optare Metrocity, Solo, Tempo and prices than equivalent Euro VI models. Versa, Scania Citywide and Omnicity, and Wrightbus StreetLite. There is also a conversion available While some might argue that this is for the Mercedes Econic RCV. nothing more than payback for those Vantage Power is working on a hybrid bus system for buses, using the latest Cummins ISBe operators who brought buying decisions 4.5-litre Euro VI C diesel engine. forward to secure cheaper – but more Cummins itself is developing a Euro VI repower package. Partner Millbrook Special Vehicles has environmentally damaging – vehicles retrofitted a Euro VI 4.5-litre diesel engine to a classic AEC Routemaster London bus (pictured, p20). ahead of their competitors, the fact

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 19 BUS AND COACH CONVERSIONS

like continental tours and corporate hires to schools and similar contracts, with maybe a refurbishment and re-equipment to suit along the way. Similar arguments apply to specialist trucks such as refuse collection vehicles, and sewer jetters and tankers: the high value of their bodywork and limited process. This is the Clean Vehicle Retrofit engine with a more modern unit. Other resale market means that the first Accreditation Scheme (CVRAS), which alternatives include fitting a replacement operator will tend to keep them from is supervised by the Energy Saving Trust hybrid or all-electric driveline. start to end of life, which, given their low and the Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership, Fitment of an approved kit does mileage, may be a decade or more. and approves the fitting of retrofit kits not necessarily get a vehicle to Euro that will get older vehicles up to an VI standards. But it does mean that A ROUTE FORWARD acceptable standard for operation in the output of NOx and PM have been There is a route by which a Euro V clean air zones (see table, below). measured in a simulation of type-specific vehicle can have its emissions cleaned This can be done either by installing operational cycles to ensure that its NOx up to the extent that it will be acceptable additional selective catalytic reduction and PM outputs are comparable. In in a CAZ, although it won’t have gone and particulate filtration capacity on the some cases, they may even be better. through the Euro VI certification standard engine, or replacing the stock The long service life and high capital cost of buses, together with the high proportion of such vehicles operating VEHICLE ENGINE/DRIVELINE TYPE CVRAS-APPROVED CONVERTER(S) in current or future low emissions/clean DOUBLE-DECK BUSES air zones means the aftermarket sector has concentrated on this market first. Cummins ISBe 4.5-litre Euro IV and V hybrid HJS Approval is by engine type rather than Cummins ISBe 4.5-litre Euro V hybrid Proventia vehicle manufacturer, although there Cummins ISBe 6.7-litre Euro IV and V Baumot, Eminox, HJS, Proventia are different categories for single- and Scania DC901 Euro III, IV and V Baumot, Eminox double-deckers. Volvo D5F Euro IV and V Eminox Refuse collection and other municipal vehicles are something of an anomaly. Volvo D5F Euro V hybrid Proventia Although they are classed as trucks, their Volvo D9B Euro IV and V Amminex, Eminox, Proventia duty cycles (stop-start) and powertrains (fully automatic transmissions) are closer SINGLE-DECK BUSES to buses than those of goods vehicles. Cummins ISBe 4.0-litre Euro III Proventia They also share a long service life with buses and coaches. That, and the small Cummins ISBe 4.5-litre Euro IV and V Baumot, Eminox, HJS, Proventia number of chassis types, has made them Cummins ISBe 5.9-litre Euro III Eminox attractive choices for some converters. Cummins ISBe 5.9-litre Euro IV and V Eminox Coaches represent a lucrative, and Cummins ISBe 6.7-litre Euro IV and V Baumot, Proventia possibly under-served market. Many Scania DC9 Euro III, IV and V Baumot tourist destinations are within current or Scania DC901 Euro III, IV and V Eminox future clean air zones, and older coaches used for schools works will also need Volvo D7C/D7E Euro IV and V HJS to access sensitive urban areas. So far, Volvo D9B Euro IV and V Amminex the only approved system for coaches is from Eminox, which offers a kit for the REFUSE COLLECTION VEHICLES Volvo B9R chassis, powered by the Volvo Dennis Eagle Elite/ Volvo DC7 Euro V Amminex, Eminox D9B Euro V engine. There are currently no approved truck Mercedes Econic/ Merc 6.3-litre Euro V Amminex, Eminox systems.

20 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

TRAFFIC COMMISSIONERS

solicitor by profession, former traffic commissioner Joan Aitken The nation’s worked in and around government for most Aof her career, chairing employment and disability tribunals, the General Dental Council, and for many charities – conscience including two cycling trips for Transaid, Scotland’s traffic commissioner Joan Aitken OBE retired in February, of which she was recently named a trustee. So it’s no wonder that she has an after 15 years of service. Before leaving, she tells Will Dalrymple her eye for the bigger picture. That means views about the importance of community goodwill, local knowledge not just watching over the HGV and bus and respect for bodily functions and coach operators, whom she refers to as ‘lifeblood industries’ in terms of the in weeks. I think we do need time to look with drivers have cemented her outrage country’s economic well-being, but also at who is applying, and why. You’ll notice about the discrimination that drivers face the communities in which they work. I very carefully said ‘new operator’. If it’s when it comes to toilet access, which Says Aitken: “There’s many a public somebody who’s been a sole trader or she blames as part of the reason for the inquiry that has turned into a mediation in partnership, and we’ve known about lack of females in either road haulage or event where the outcome has been them for years, and they are changing passenger-carrying roles. She contends: good neighbourliness and respect. I partners or going into another limited “I don’t think that these industries are went to do a public inquiry in Loanhead company, that’s totally different.” attractive to women, and that is for a [near Edinburgh], where the operator, reason that bears on the disrespect that who also had a waste transfer station, KEEPING BAD PEOPLE OUT there can be on people who drive for wanted to place additional vehicles She adds: “If I can keep bad people out a living. I think it’s appalling that male there. There were objections from by not giving them a licence, that’s a lot drivers – let alone female drivers – are householders on the roads leading up less grief to the compliant industry and denied toilet access at delivery points. to site, including [rubbish] windblow to road safety than if we let anybody in, I think it’s shocking that industries that coming from the waste transfer site. And and have to do catch-up after there have could not do their business without I went to visit, and I was appalled at the been road traffic incidents, or wheel the driver do not afford that driver state of the road: rubbish lying here, loss, or driver fatigue, or not paying road the collegiate respect that he or she there and everywhere. It came to the tax, or whatever. The licence represents deserves as part of the team.” public inquiry, and I described to the a commitment to being safe and a fair operator what I’d seen, and he said to competitor.” WHAT MAKES A GOOD OPERATOR me: ‘It’s a shitehole, isn’t it?’ And I said: Knowing the operators and their Turning to a happier subject, Aitken ‘Yes it is. What are you going to do about businesses, as well as what they face has no trouble expressing her vision it?’ He replied: ‘Well, I think we’d better on the roads, is a key asset of the entire of what makes a good operator. She just clear it up.’ I said to him, ‘I’m going traffic commissioner system, she argues. replies: “It’s someone who knows in his to be back to check.’ The next week I “Each of the regions and counties of or her own skin that they can do the was in that area, so I drove all the way up Great Britain have their distinctive job, and need not fear an inspector’s that road: not a bit of rubbish to be seen. features, and the localism that traffic call. They just know that they are on When you achieve that for people, you commissioners can bring means that the ball and can look the world in the feel pretty proud of yourself.” they can have an understanding of the eye.” In contrast, the biggest warning Aitken’s brief as a TC also takes in operating conditions. So if a driver says, signs that the grasp of an operator is preventing rogue operators coming into ‘I keep getting stopped at the Dartford slipping are prohibitions – whether for the industry. She has argued in the past tunnel’, or the chairman of a council roadworthiness, annual test fails, or against accelerated targets to reduce the says that he or she wants to do this in some other problem revealed during a processing time of licence applications Liverpool, to have that local knowledge routine roadside stop. Continues Aitken: for new operators. She explains: “I don’t and engagement is added value.” “Often, an operator can be reasonably think a new application can be granted Memories of many conversations compliant, but then during a period of

22 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 TRAFFIC COMMISSIONERS

business expansion, compliance gets forgotten in the chase for business, particularly new business.” The TC’s vision about her own role is equally clear. When asked what makes a good traffic commissioner, she replies: “The absolute fundamental attribute is fairness. Fairness and evidence, when you’re dealing with something as important as road safety, and also an operator’s livelihood. I’m not going to take that away based on gossip or guesswork. So the fundamental attribute of a traffic commissioner is to pay heed to evidence, to be fair, to be robust, and to do so without fear or favour.”

FINAL THOUGHTS Toward the end of the interview, Aitken looks back on her tenure. She has achieved a lot in her time. She considers: “The profile of the traffic commissioner is higher than it has ever been. The industries know that I expect them to be professional; I don’t expect them to do catch-up, but to be on the ball when they turn a wheel. I expect their vehicles to pass the annual test first time – they know that. I expect them to know what their drivers are doing, and that they will be properly rested, and I expect them to be safe. And they know that. “Whether they are hauliers or bus and coach operators, I expect them to be contributing to make Scotland a good place to do business in. Because we’re safe. Because we actually care about our communities; we care about where we are doing business. “It’s not about a truck or a bus; it’s about the operating conditions for people; respect; and being profitable. We also like the pride that many of our family businesses take in their traditions, and the service that they bring to their communities.”

FURTHER INFORMATION

Full interview transcript – www.is.gd/ovagev

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 23

TRAFFIC COMMISSIONERS

Blue in the

The lawace has clamped down on operators found to have fitted AdBlue cheat devices on their vehicles, finds Steve Banner

perators who are so ill- such devices had been installed in its remained installed and active (as advised as to fit AdBlue vehicles at some stage. Express Freight opposed to ready for action) for longer emulators to their trucks Solutions claimed that the device only than was necessary for vehicles to return will be given short shrift functioned if the truck went into limp- to base, albeit that this was done at by traffic commissioners home mode because of a problem with the operator’s convenience, and was Oif they are caught and appear before the AdBlue system. It was brought into therefore longer than was necessary,” them, no matter what excuses they operation by the driver disconnecting he says. come up with. the main AdBlue system fuse. More serious penalties have been It is a point hammered home by Evans was not prepared to accept handed out to other operators who have the TCs in their 2017-2018 annual this as an excuse. “The extent to which used emulators, with O licences being report (www.is.gd/jereso). They say devices were fitted to the operator’s revoked, and transport managers losing that operators who are caught using vehicles, and later brought into their good repute. emulators typically advance one of two operation, represented acts that were defences to their conduct. They either discreditable, anti-competitive in nature A SERIOUS MATTER claim that they bought the vehicle and increasing the risk to the public Kevin Rooney, west of England TC, says: without being aware that an emulator from the greater release of NOx and “NOx emissions are considered currently was in place – which begs the question particulates into the atmosphere. to reduce life expectancy of affected why they thought it did not need to use “These devices have commonly been persons by, on average, five months. any AdBlue – or that they fitted one in characterised as cheat devices,” he Emission controls on heavy-duty diesel response to performance issues with continues. “Such a description appears engines are a central part of the UK’s the emission control system. Neither to me suitably apt in portraying both and Europe’s public health strategy, and defence will be accepted, the TCs stress. the nature of the tricking of the engine circumventing emission controls is a “Both suggest low levels of competence, management system into believing serious matter.” knowledge or integrity in parts of the that emissions controls were operating Scania services director Mark Grant industry,” they contend. in accordance with the manufacturer’s has been vocal in his criticism of the use The strict line TCs are taking is fitted equipment, but also fooling any of AdBlue emulators. “It is cheating and illustrated by the recent decision made interested witness that a vehicle was gives businesses that fit them an unfair by Simon Evans, TC for the north-west meeting emission standards, when it commercial advantage,” he states. of England, to curtail the O licence held was not.” The use of such devices could of by Burnley, Lancashire-based Express The good repute of the operator course affect a truck’s warranty. Scania Freight Solutions after AdBlue devices was retained, but only by the narrowest has reported companies promoting were found on five of its vehicles. of margins, Evans stresses. “There is them to the Driver and Vehicle The operator admitted that up to 12 no clear evidence that any devices Standards Agency and advised the

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 25 TRAFFIC COMMISSIONERS

“Finding AdBlue emulators can involve having to strip down the dashboard and get behind panels” Mark Grant

DVSA of the whereabouts of trucks to port or the selective catalytic reduction which they are likely to be fi tted. “They ECU, or near to the fuse board. can often take some fi nding, though, and in some cases can involve whoever HITTING HOME is looking for them having to strip down The message that emulators should the dashboard and get behind panels,” never be fi tted appears to be hitting he says. home. In 2017/18 the DVSA ran a pilot He concedes that the early AdBlue at fi ve sites where it checked 20,986 systems fi tted to trucks were less vehicles for AdBlue emulators at the than dependable, with at least one roadside. It found 449. manufacturer suff ering major problems. Since 1 September 2018 it has been “It took quite some time for the checking for the presence of emulators technology to become reliable, but now during roadside checks nationwide. At it is,” he observes. the time of writing it had checked 50,644 At DAF, marketing manager Phil vehicles and found a comparatively Moon disputes the notion that AdBlue modest – but still concerning – 75. controls have been error prone. He “Operators are heeding the warning states: “Anything on a truck can go that emulators are not acceptable,” says wrong, but evidence that AdBlue A lack of servicing could be one DVSA enforcement policy manager systems are disproportionately reason why AdBlue systems sometimes Dave Wood. troublesome is somewhat unfounded.” give trouble. Supplier Eminox says The DVSA says that a transport that they should be serviced at least company caught using an AdBlue TRACING FAULTS annually to avoid the risk of a build-up cheat device will receive an S-marked So when faults do arise, what causes of urea deposits and the possibility of delayed prohibition, and be given ten them? One reason could be the use permanent fi lter damage. Filters should days to remove it. If it fails to do so, then of low-grade AdBlue which prevents be removed and replaced as necessary, its vehicle can be taken off the road the system from functioning properly. and the injector nozzle should be immediately, and the matter referred to “Always use good-quality AdBlue from a changed, too. the traffi c commissioners. reputable source,” Grant advises. Other tasks should also be carried out Grant at Scania makes the point that Another reason could be the use as part of general maintenance. All of the the operator may be obliged to take the of AdBlue that has been inadvertently pipes should be checked for damage; truck to a reputable dealership to have contaminated with dirt or vehicle fl uids the accumulator re-pressurised; and the the cheat device taken off , if it has not such as oil or diesel. Whatever is being electronic control unit (ECU) should be already been removed, and for checks to used to dispense the fl uid must be kept downloaded so that any faults that have be carried out to ensure that the AdBlue scrupulously clean, and so should the arisen can be identifi ed and diagnosed. system is functioning properly once vehicle’s AdBlue fi ller point and the area If parts need to be replaced, then again. around it. they should be swapped for quality ones The dealer can be asked to produce “Onboard AdBlue pumps are very made to OEM specifi cations, says Moon. a letter confi rming that this has been susceptible to dirt,” Grant points out. “Fit a cheap, poor-quality NOx sensor, done, which can then be shown to the AdBlue systems contain multiple for example, and you are likely to get enforcement authorities. fi lters designed to keep dirt out, with trouble,” he observes. If repairs have to be carried out gauze strainers fi tted to the tank pick- because the AdBlue system has been up unit and the pre-fi lter inlets to the WIDELY AVAILABLE allowed to fall into disuse, then they may pump and doser, says Scania technical Emulators are widely available online. A not come cheap. “Removing an emulator manager Aaron McGrath. These are quick internet trawl revealed that devices and returning an AdBlue system to full usually only changed if debris has found are on sale for as little as £15, although working order can cost many thousands its way into the reservoir. “However, it is a moot point as to how eff ective of pounds,” the DVSA warns. the main fi lter cartridge in the AdBlue anything that cheap would be. So any supposed saving likely to be pump should be renewed during routine Typical installation locations include achieved by fi tting an emulator could maintenance,” he says. close to the on-board diagnostics (OBD) turn out to be illusory.

26 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

IRTE SKILLS CHALLENGE

As the IRTE technician Skills Challenge returns to S&B Automotive Academy in June, four-time winner William Scott, of Translink, refl ects on the competition and his formative experiences in engineering VIEW FROM

THE Tim Gander

ome of William Scott’sT fi rst Oto deal with the stress? Phand, basic maintenance is becoming experiences in vehicle repair WS: “It depends on the test. When more and more critical, because the – as a teenager working you have to engage with the assessor, tolerances that manufacturers are alongside his brothers on I tell them what I am looking at and working to keep getting tighter. These the family farm – had a why; I treat them like a new apprentice. systems depend on us getting it right.” Smassive eff ect. He says: “The tractors Another thing to keep in mind is that were needed to work the next day, so I these tests are designed to be solved TE: What’s your favourite bit of the job? remember many nights in the workshop, in the time available, and they also have WS: “It’s whenever it all goes wrong, putting brakes and clutches in. We didn’t to be easy for the assessor to reset. and you have to work with suppliers to have workshop manuals; we didn’t have Because of that, they’re very limited in bottom out issues. You’re looking at technical information. We were just what they can do.” something that is causing a big problem relying on our wits and common sense. for us as operators. When I fi x that, I There were no parts on the machine TE: Why is the Skills Challenge really do have a feeling of achievement. that we didn’t have a go at. I do believe important? “Some of the most satisfying ones that’s where my mentality now comes WS: “Bus engineers work in a back seem extremely complicated when from. One of the things I did learn from room. The only time that we get pushed you start, but the fi nal fi x is very simple. those days is that there is a series of basic front and centre is when it all goes For example, we had a vehicle that was principles to engineering. I still apply wrong, and there’s a breakdown by the incredibly hard to drive. Every time those basics over and over again.” side of the road. The opportunity to the driver pressed the brake pedal, it show that we are as good as anybody would lunge. When we investigated, TE: Are you a read-the-manual person? else out there is incredibly important.” the problem was that the air was going WS: “Defi nitely not. I believe in the basic to the retarder too fast. So we fi tted a principles. For an electronic fault, do you TE: How will the role of the PSV restrictor valve to slow it down. That have an electricity supply? Is there an technician change over the next decade? meant that there was a much smoother earth? Are the voltages correct? Once WS: “It scares me how far we’ve come integration between air brakes and I’ve exhausted the basics, then I might in the last ten years. When I started, I retarder; the change in performance was look at the manual.” was working on Leyland Leopards. Now phenomenal. We had thought that we it’s hybrids, and we’re talking about were going to have to get some software TE: Skills Challenge tests are timed, hydrogen propulsion. Where we’re and reprogram the transmission. In the under the watchful eye of an examiner. going, though, I only see electronics end, all it took was a valve and some What do you recommend to contestants making the job easier. On the other extra piping.”

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 29

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SHOW, NEC, 30 APRIL-2 MAY

GEARING UP As of early March, the CV Show was 98% sold out, with more than 400 exhibitors. The ‘workshop’ and ‘cool’ (temperature-controlled transport) sections return this year. Early show news is highlighted below, starting with vehicle OEMs and then alphabetically; a further update will be provided in our next issue, out later this month

DAF TRUCKS (5A70) The dominant OEM returns after a year’s hiatus at the same location, but with a new idea: a large fleet of vehicles in the outside area, freeing up space for hospitality indoors. The array, ranging from 7.5t to 44t tractors, is all bodied, and emphasises many applications. Show vehicles include: a lightweight CF 8x4 tipper that offers an extra 250kg payload; CF 450 FTP 6x2 tractor for petrochemical work that is ADR- compliant; 7.5t LF City 4x2 with Paccar box body; and CF 370 FAN 6x2 rigid with electrohydraulic rear steer. A new voucher scheme for driver training is also being promoted. Bundled with the purchase of every new CF and XF is 2.5 hours of training, is a low-height floor: 190mm lower than BACKWATCH SAFETY PRODUCTS including on-road coaching, from one of standard. And outside is the first 17-seat (5G108) 25 DAF driver-trainers to help them get minibus based on the TGE, converted by The safety camera supplier has the best out of the vehicle and its many Minibus Options of Buxton. integrated vehicle side sensors with a systems, for example AEBS and lane There’s a new diesel engine, too: camera feed into a single 9-inch cab departure warning. a 9-litre D15 SCR-only unit, Euro VID display to compensate for a driver’s compliant, with single turbo (pictured blind spot. MAN TRUCK & BUS (5D10) below). It is 230kg lighter than the D20 it The German truck maker is emphasising replaces. BPW (3D40) fuel efficiency with its EfficientCruise The running gear manufacturer is predictive cruise control system, and launching a single-tappet design of EfficientRoll, which puts the vehicle into trailer disc brake, the TS2, offering neutral when coasting. The systems can a weight saving of 12kg per tri-axle provide significant fuel savings, it argues, trailer, thanks to fewer components. although their magnitude depends on The second show novelty is the Eco the truck handover. So it has recently Air suspension. Based on the Eco Air invested in eight driver-trainers, one for Compact, a model featuring a cast each region. Making its UK debut (after trailing arm that was launched five years global launch at IAA) is the TGX 6x2 ago, the Eco Air is intended for heavy- XLion, a special edition premium edition. duty applications. A key innovation is that At the LCV end is a 3.5t chassis cowl the clamping areas of the round-section version of the TGE whose selling point beam are etched to improve grip.

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 31 COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SHOW, NEC, 30 APRIL-2 MAY

BT FLEET (5C90) affecting the manufacturer’s warranty The main message is how the vehicle (because they are block exemption maintenance service provider offers regulation, BER, compliant), and are to a range of complementary services, be offered at lower prices than OEMs’. including its nationwide network of Says Eminox aftermarket manager repair garages and field solutions from Neil Koston: “While DPF cleaning is an other BT businesses. For example, BT CONTINENTAL (4D81) alternative option, your vehicle could be Final Mile is a network of lockers for field The tyre manufacturer is exhibiting off the road for up to five days. With an engineering teams around the UK. within the workshop area to specifically Eminox replacement DPF, this vehicle showcase its range of brake testers and downtime could be reduced to just 24 CARGO SECURING SOLUTIONS workshop tools and test equipment. All hours.” Units for DAF, Volvo and Renault (3B20) of these products will calibrate vehicles are now available; Mercedes-Benz units This dealer of load securement launches with digital and smart tachographs. are awaiting type approval. the Wistra airline track and beam For these products, the company also system for LCVs. It consists of a profiled claims to be the first supplier on the HANKOOK TYRE UK (5B50) channel, similar to that used for seats market to receive type approval for New is the company’s first tyre designed in aeroplanes, mounted along the wall. its intelligent VDO DTCO 4.0 smart for electric buses, the SmartCity AU04+. The ends of a spring-tensioned pole tachograph and Kitas 4.0 speed sensor. The all-weather unit is said to feature fit into the track, and can be locked All newly-registered trucks must have an low rolling resistance and a redesigned into multiple positions (measured in intelligent digital tachograph on board shoulder width and structure for even increments of inches) by hand. from 15 June 2019 – and it is offering wear. Also, the ‘alphatread’ retread range hour-long seminars on this subject offers better environmental performance CARTWRIGHT (3A40) during the show (to reserve a space, go for drive and trailer tyre sizes. Casings The trailer maker claims to offer the to: www.is.gd/jalura). of Hankook’s first-life A1 grade tyres are first of a kind: a 4.65m-high stepframe used to mirror Hankook’s existing tyre double-deck fridge trailer with 1,830mm EBERSPACHER (5D70) patterns to produce the tyre; a new drive loading height on both decks until the On show is a new diesel air heater, the size is 315/70 R22.5. step. The 14.5t trailer uses full-width Airtronic D2L (2kW) and D4L (4kW), axles and 1,250mm-high fifth wheel. featuring brushless motors and stepless KEYTRACKER (4H12) The aerodynamic body has been control. The system also features a Locker systems range from mechanical reengineered to reduce construction new CAN-Bus interface. Also new is a lockers featuring a peg in/peg out height. Also new is a postless straight- digital controller that features LED lights board, to Electronic Key Systems and frame curtainsider tri-axle trailer design, ranged around an operating button iLockerz asset storage systems. Tracking featuring a cantilever rail that maintains (pictured above) to indicate the system’s software provides an audit report and the overall height (4.7m) but increases operational status. Among other automated exception alerts. the height of the side arch, to 3.1m, novelties are two sizes of hot boxes, over its full length. Another product at 140l and 330l capacity. Each Hot MASTERNAUT (4F75) on show is a 7.5t IVECO chassis cab Meal Line box, intended for prepared The UK/French telematics firm launches box body, for gas-powered drivelines. food, includes a battery for 10 hours’ new features for management of field- Also, Cartwright Conversions recently operation at greater than 65°C. based employees. Masternaut Connect bought a conversion site in Belton, north will automatically keep track of whether Lincolnshire, and plans to increase staff EMINOX AFTERMARKET (4D60) jobs are completed as planned, based employed there from 70 to The manufacturer of emissions control on real-time vehicle positions, telematics 200. systems is launching what it calls the and job management. There are also first retrofit diesel particulate filter integrated messaging capabilities. In (DPF) for Euro VI engines, following its addition, LCV maintenance data is now certification to UNECE Regulation available on the Connect platform, 49. Eminox says these so fleet managers can keep on top of filters can be swapped into upcoming service requirements and vehicles and used without watch out for dashboard warning lights.

32 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SHOW, NEC, 30 APRIL-2 MAY

MJ PRODUCTS (3A10) This first-time exhibitor launches a lift truck for LCVs. The 50kg VanMate can lift a 250kg load such as an oil drum into the back of a truck (up to 800mm high), thanks to a foot-operated hydraulic pump. The device, which consists of a wheeled trolley base, lifting mast and forks, disassembles for transport.

ORBCOMM (4D50) SURECAM (4C50) tester offering, suitable for vehicles from TachoVision is a tachograph A provider of connected camera LCV to larger commercial vehicles. The management system for reefer trucks technology, Surecam is highlighting best mobile variant (pictured above) consists that offers access to live and historical practice on implementation, including of the unit and folding ramps, capacity data on driver working hours. The customer case studies, as well as up to 20t/axle. The in-ground model related system for drivers’ walk-around discussing ways to achieve a return on offers the same weight capacity, and checks requires a follow-up inspection investment. in standard 1m-long rollers is suitable of a fault after it has been raised, the for vehicles with wheelbase of 880- next time the vehicle is being checked. TELETRAC NAVMAN (4C72) 2,880mm. Also new is a mobile column Also launching is the GT1200/1210 solar- The telematics supplier’s offering lift, 7.5t capacity per wheel, which powered tracking system (pictured, p32) includes the provision of high-definition incorporates galvanised sealed bearings that, via a hole drilled in the side of a data, road speed monitoring, event and a boxed control panel, which makes standard container, can detect whether alerts, and the option of a forward-facing it suitable for washbay use. The other it is empty or full. It transmits this dashboard camera. novelty is a four-post 6.5t combined- information, along with GPS coordinates. capacity lift for light commercial vehicles. THERMO KING (3B60) R2C ONLINE (5E105) Constant power for electric vehicles TOUGH TECH (4A80) The fleet management software provider is promised from the prototype of the This first-time exhibitor launches a is launching new real-time video UT-Series Hybrid on a Castell Howell real-time TPMS system for trailers on functionality. This new technology will Foods truck. This undermount unit multiple-drop operation. It integrates allow technicians to open a live video consists of a Thermo King diesel fridge with Atlas Insight, its cloud-based stream while carrying out digital vehicle powered by Frigoblock alternator and platform for vehicle data. The system inspections on the Smart Inspect app. inverter drive. The design features monitors pressures and temperatures via Providing the video is its Smart Inspect geolocation technology to remotely valve-top sensors, connected by RFID to headset technology, which made an signal the automatic switch of power a single trailer-mount box. The system appearance at last year’s CV Show. between diesel and electric mode. Also outputs data to a telematics platform; an It uses voice recognition and audio launching is the E200 all-electric fridge in-cab monitor for drivers is an option. commands for hands-free inspections. for LCVs. This electric variant of the V200 offers single and multi-temperature VISIONTRACK (4E30) SMARTWITNESS (5E90) controls and will be mounted on a Tesco This connected camera supplier is The camera recording firm’s SmartAPI home delivery van. An optional 2.5kW promoting an enhanced advanced middleware software provides access or 5.2kW battery pack, rechargeable driver-assistance systems (ADAS) that to its video feeds into any telematics back at base, enables manufacturers combines a forward-facing camera provider, using the standard JSON to provide stop-start functions to the and in-vehicle fatigue and distraction (JavaScript Object Notation) file format. vehicle powertrain that are normally monitor, driver feedback device and HD Also, SmartGuard offers a video review disabled when powering fridges. mobile digital video recorder (DVR). In service to check the video recorded case of a potential risky situation, the before an automated alarm is triggered, TOTALKARE (4E80) system will alert drivers with visual and to determine whether it is of concern, or The vehicle lift supplier is branching out audible warnings; reports are also sent a false positive, such as a door slam. with an in-ground and mobile brake to fleet managers.

34 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019

LCV ENGINEERING

LOAD SURE Ignorance is no excuse for the drivers of overloaded vans. Dan Gilkes examines some technological solutions to this small-scale problem

ccording to the DVSA, until at least the middle of the year. almost eight in 10 vans Unfortunately, when it does become that are stopped at the available, it will only be standard on a roadside are overloaded. single model specification, or as a cost Admittedly, officers option on other trim levels. That said, Aprobably first target those vans that look given the similarity between the smaller obviously weighed down, but this still Partner, Berlingo and Combo vans and provides some indication of the scale of their larger siblings (Expert, Dispatch LCV overloading across the UK. and Vivaro, respectively) there seems to If the vehicle is found to be up to 10% be little reason why the system couldn’t overweight, the fine is £100. For a van also be offered on the larger vans, too. that is 10-15% overloaded, that rises to While PSA should be applauded £200, and then £300 for a vehicle that is for taking the lead in preventing LCV more than 15% above its maximum. The overloading, it is perhaps surprising that van also won’t be allowed to continue on more van manufacturers have not taken its way until a second vehicle has taken the initiative before. It is of course up some of the load. to operators to ensure that their drivers AdBlue tank, which could be a further However, fines are not the only know their vehicles’ available payload, to 17-18 litres, around 19kg. Adding these consequence. “Overloading affects prevent overloading in the first place. weights together, assuming a driver and many of the major components of the “When it comes to equipping passenger, could reduce the payload van – brakes, suspension, tyres, clutch – vehicles, it’s essential to keep in mind the by around 107kg. Fitting additional so it is a major safety issue,” says Derek payload quoted by the manufacturer. equipment will reduce the payload Hack, sales manager at Axle Weight Getting the vehicle specification correct further. Technology. “It leads to increased wear at the outset can save businesses time, Red Forge estimates that as little as and tear on the vehicle and thus higher money but more importantly improve 1% of UK 3.5-tonne vans have some maintenance costs.” staff safety,” says Gil Kelly, operations form of payload indicator system fitted, To help combat this problem, PSA director of vehicle leasing and supply even though it is the most overloaded Group will offer an overload indicator company Venson Automotive Solutions. category of vehicle. in its latest Peugeot Partner, Citroen Red Forge and Vishay weighing Berlingo and Vauxhall Combo light vans. OEMS Ð NOT HELPING? systems are used for Venson conversions The system will have a visual indicator However, Stuart Richardson, senior carried out at its York facility, according in the rear of the van that signals when sales engineer at Red Forge, feels that to Alison Bell, marketing director 80% of full load is achieved, to allow some manufacturers are not helping for Venson. She adds: “It’s still not a the driver and a passenger to climb customers to realise the exact payload frequently requested option; in fact, it’s aboard without exceeding the maximum capacity of their vehicles. Quoted figures quite rare.” However, they are popular payload. Beyond this point, if goods for many vans include a nominal 75kg for among housing associations that have a continue to be added, the system the driver, though in reality drivers can dedicated fleet manager. They are very provides visual and audible warnings at be 100kg or more. Also, manufacturers conscious of health and safety, Bell says. 100% load. provide a tare weight with half a tank In terms of pricing, the PSA system The system has yet to become of fuel, but half of an 85-litre tank could is expected to cost around £200, while commercially available; all three OEMs add a further 38kg to that figure. Plus, aftermarket axle weighing systems say that it won’t be offered to customers there is no allowance shown for an weigh in above that. Still, the latter do

36 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 LCV ENGINEERING

“It’s still not a frequently requested option; in fact, it’s quite rare” Alison Bell

premises with their own engineers. This to a different type of vehicle, some is subject to training by VWS engineers modifications may be required.” to our agreed standard.” Some might say that there are Adds Red Forge’s Richardson: “We no excuses for vehicle overloading. have trained and certified agents across The payload is a known figure and the country to install our systems to an companies should know what they are exacting standard.” carrying. In practice, it is perhaps not always that simple. Varying daily loads CALIBRATION make it difficult to assess what’s on While these systems require no board, especially in terms of individual tend to offer individual axle weighing, particular regular maintenance, axle loading, as the contents of the rather than simply being an overall van manufacturers do recommend a vehicle change throughout the day. overload indicator. This is important regular health check and recalibration. Some axle scale customers have because, as Kelly points out, overloading Richardson continues: “We offer a even been pleasantly surprised to find includes not only carrying more than recalibration every 12 months, taking that they had been overly conservative is appropriate for the vehicle size or the opportunity to inspect for damage, about van loading prior to fitment, and weight, but also poor distribution of the update software where necessary and afterwards could carry more, boosting load between axles. then provide a certificate of calibration.” profitability. By comparison, Red Forge’s Limitlite The good news for those businesses According to Hack, there is no typical Plus system costs around £1,150 per van that do adopt an axle weighing system is customer for van scales. “Any van installed, though discounts are available that it can usually be transferred to a new operator is a potential customer, there for larger fleet orders. Vehicle Weighing van at changeover time, spreading the are literally thousands of Axtec OnBoard System’s (VWS) VOPS2 system (pictured cost over two or even three vehicles. systems fitted to vans across the UK, above during fitting) can be installed on In fact, the systems might end up though it is still quite a small proportion vans of all sizes, including car-derived lasting longer than the van they are of those that need it.” models, from around £995 per vehicle, meant to measure. “Due to the longevity The good news for van operators is while the Axtec OnBoard system, also of our system, we can remove and refit that there are plenty of systems available sold for various LCVs from Axle Weight to the same or another make of vehicle; providing accurate axle loadings and Technology, starts at £1,449 per van. we are not manufacturer specific,” says ensuring legal use of the van, both from Also, VWS offers mobile fitting and Richardson. “We have a few customers the aftermarket and OEMs as well. fitting in its factory, states marketing that have had the system put onto a director Kate Lloyd. She says: second replacement vehicle.” FURTHER INFORMATION: “Businesses with suitable facilities are Lloyd points out that a like-for-like ‘Making your ideal weight’ – also able to apply to become approved swap of the system to a new van is “fairly www.is.gd/ujefiq installers, whereby they’d be qualified to simple”. But she qualifies that by adding: ‘Lightweight rigid roundup’ – install the VOPS2 system on their own “If the equipment is being moved on www.is.gd/oxatiw

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 37 38 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 ENGINEER TO ENGINEER

Vic Young unveils ‘UK first’ box e-van North East motor dealer Vic Young Conversions has converted a regular Nissan e-NV200 to a box van, with a larger load space of 8.6m3 – said to be the first of its type in the UK market. It has a payload of 575kg, range of 130mi and five-year warranty.

Ash GroupÕs fuel down £20k  Wrexham-based waste management IVECO Retail’s Farnborough business Ash Group is reporting facility has achieved IRTE savings of £20,000 per annum, after Workshop Accreditation – the switching to a fuel management first dealership in the group to solution from Certas Energy. be awarded this status. The operator is saving more than a penny per litre on the two million litres Workshop equipment supplier of diesel and red diesel it uses each Nexion has acquired a 75% year across its 139-strong fleet of 96 shareholding in Danish company heavy vehicles and 43 company cars. Stenhøj Group, owner of The switch to onsite fuel storage, workshop supplier Gemco. bulk fuel and fuel card provision is also giving the group visibility over fuel use Building materials supplier and expenditure. Fuel management technology Certas Bryn Lane bunker site, near the Cemex has ordered 57 new With drivers refuelling at the within the tank provides Ash with operator’s Wrexham facility. tipper lorries, all of which are pumps, costs were spiralling and visibility of stocks, as well as records of Phil Mottershead, transport and specified with Edbro hydraulic budgeting was proving more and fuel dispensed. For drivers refuelling compliance manager at Ash Group, systems from Jost UK. The more difficult. on the road, Ash Group orders bulk says the move to onsite fuel storage vehicles are all 32-tonne rigids. Now, a 30,000-litre Kingspan volumes from Certas Energy’s Bunker and bulk fuel delivery “has definitely DieselPro fuel storage tank has been Link Service with, again, pricing linked paid off... we’ve seen a significant K Transport Services installed at its Wrexham site. Weekly to Platts reports. Drivers can collect reduction in costs”. (Midlands) is reporting positive bulk fuel deliveries from Certas the purchased fuel at 2,000 locations He adds: “The peace of mind we’ve driver feedback since installing ensure a reliable fuel supply; this using a Certas Energy, Key Fuels or UK had from knowing there is always a the Reverse Smart safety device, is supplemented with fuel cards for Fuels card. reliable fuel supply at a competitive from Doctor Air Brake, to several drivers, with both fuel cards and bulk Drivers can also use the Certas fuel price and having an audit trail for of its DAF CF rigids. fuel priced on the daily Platts rate. cards at high-speed HGV pumps at the usage can’t be understated.” EnerSys has launched the Odyssey Performance Series batteries for commercial vehicles, Silverstone wins double ROI with tracker promising “a true technological Silverstone, home of the Formula 1 Technicians now complete alternative” to current batteries. British Grand Prix, is using inspections and job cards on tablet Assetminder software to manage devices, using the camera to take Cornwall-based Combellack its 200-strong fleet of commercial photos of defects where required. Vehicle Recyclers has taken vehicles and high-performance Defects picked up during an inspection delivery of two 26-tonne Volvo cars. It says that parts management can be added to a job card on the FM 6x2 car transporters – the improvements have recouped twice same tablet for immediate attention. first in the UK to be fitted with the cost of the system. The completed repair automatically fully galvanised eight-car salvage The site wanted an easy-to-use updates the vehicle history file. bodywork, by Belle Trailers. defect management system, giving Parts used on each job can now be visibility of all tasks from inspection thing that attracted us to Assetminder captured on each job card, ensuring Metal recycling business EMR to completion, including full was its very intuitive and user-friendly complete traceability and control. is celebrating an early win maintenance management, along interface. The screens were uncluttered “The cost savings that can be achieved from its driver apprenticeship with parts. and the mobile app for the technicians from this aspect alone will pay for the scheme, launched last year, as It chose Assetminder after was so simple that 30 minutes’ Assetminder system twice over,” says its first candidate Sian Smith has researching the market. Workshop training was all that was needed to get Lee Thomas, Silverstone’s finance and completed the practical training. manager Jamie Nile says: “The initial them up and running.” contracts manager.

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 39 PRODUCT FOCUS: OILS AND LUBRICANTS

LIQUID GOLD

NowNow withwith a r refreshedefreshed d designesign a andnd f focus,ocus, thethe technologytechnology u updatepdate s sectionection f featureseatures recentrecent lalaunches, new technologies and corporate news – this month, it is commercial vehicle lubricants

1 TRUCKSYNTH LE 10W-40 1 Oil, lubricants and treatments manufacturer Millers Oils has launched a fully synthetic commercial vehicle engine oil developed for Euro VI engines. Called Trucksynth LE 10W-40, the product is also compatible with Euro IV and V engines, making it ideal for mixed age fleets. “As a fully synthetic lubricant, Trucksynth 10W-40 has been carefully formulated to optimise the benefits brought by AdBlue, EGR and DPF systems, as well as working perfectly with existing emissions- reducing engine technologies,” explains Thomas Katsoulas, platform manager for the Brighouse-based manufacturer. fuelfuel consumption by reducing drag on www.is.gd/ocaweq engengine components; Taurus Euro FE Plus 5W-5W-30 is said to offer a reduced oil 2 VERSIMAX viscoviscosity while still retaining its HD14 10W-30 proteprotective qualities. The fuel is said to Morris Lubricants’ recently covecover a range of Scania commercial fleet launched Versimax HD14 10W- requrequirements. 30 is a mid-SAPS heavy-duty www.is.gd/vasape diesel engine oil, manufactured from group II (hydrotreated) and 4 ETRO+ group III (hydrocracked) base Petronas Lubricants International has fluids. This product contains an unveiled a new base oil, ETRO+. An advanced additive package improvement from the existing ETRO formulated to provide the utmost brand, ETRO+ is a group III protection when operating in 2 3 (hydrocracked, mineral) base oil that is very severe conditions with said to promote fuel efficiency and the extended drain intervals. The oil has reduction of CO2 emissions. It is used in the been developed for use in diesel engines 3 TAURUS EURO FE PLUS 5W-30 company’s own finished lubricant products as fitted with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), Exol’s Taurus Euro FE Plus in SAE 5W-30 has well as marketed to other manufacturers. Base selective catalytic reduction (SCR – Adblue) been formally acknowledged as complying with oils make up an average of 60-80% of finished NOx reduction systems, diesel oxidation Scania specification LDF-4. This fully synthetic lubricants, according to Petronas. To produce top- catalysts (DOC) and diesel particulate filters low-SAPS engine oil is comprised of premium tier, energy-conserving lubricants, the (DPF). Versimax HD14 10W-30 has also been synthetic base stocks, specialised polymers and designed to cope with increased levels of performance additives blended to an optimised biofuel and its effect in the engine. SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade. Exol states that using www.is.gd/iwulaj lower viscosity engine oil leads to a decrease in 4

40 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019 7

automotive industry relies on polyalphaeolefi ns (PAO) – a key ingredient in synthetic oils, which are classifi ed as group IV. In contrast, ETRO+ is said to offer a readily available alternative with a high viscosity index, low cold-cranking simulator (CCS) viscosity and low Noack volatility test. ETRO+ is produced in Petronas’ specially-designed group III plant in Malaysia. www.is.gd/norafo

5 RUBIA 6 LUBECHAT At the CV Show (stand 4E91; see also A study from Shell Lubricants has revealed that a pp31-34), Total will highlight the benefi ts of knowledge gap around effective maintenance its premium, OEM-approved range of Rubia and lubrication, together with cost concerns, is engine oils, transmission fl uids, coolants and hampering widespread uptake of Industry 4.0 AdBlue. Launching in the UK later this year is technologies. Eighty percent of UK fl eet the Rubia EV Fluid for electric and hybrid operators are concerned that the costs of new vehicles. These fl uids are said to have been technology may outweigh the benefi ts, leading specially developed to meet the cooling and to 72% being unwilling to upgrade while current lubrication requirements of new engine machinery is still operational. But new types, and will be available in the UK later technologies exist now: Shell is promoting its this year. Total is also promoting the LubeChat AI-driven mobile application to support maintenance benefi ts of its oil analysis and lubricant selection, as well as its sensor-based diagnosis service, Total ANAC (Analysis equipment monitoring service, LubeAnalyst, to Compared). help provide customers with services to www.is.gd/uqujik 6 implement effective equipment lubrication. www.is.gd/oqukaz

7 FUCHS Oil manufacturer Fuchs Lubricants UK has 5 refurbished its UK technical laboratories, as part of a £10m investment in its UK operation in Stoke-on-Trent, targeting all areas of the plant including manufacturing, R&D, technical processes and logistics. Investments include a new raw materials warehouse and a range of innovative manufacturing plant machinery. The investment comes after new offi ces were built in Stoke-on-Trent. www.is.gd/ucuker

April 2019 www.transportengineer.org.uk 41 © KM.Photo - stock.adobe.com - KM.Photo ©

This page is brought to you by specialist Roadside payments Compliance advice transport law firm Backhouse Jones The DVSA recently sent out A new series of bulletins an email alert about the from the Office of the Traffic new method of roadside Commissioner offers tips REGULATORY Watch out for data errors payments introduced on designed to help maintain and The Office of the Traffic 29 January. A new payment promote O licence compliance, Final call for MOT tests Commissioner has recently portal has replaced chip including key issues raised in Certain vehicles with a heavy announced that a number and PIN payments at DVSA public inquiries. As regards goods chassis will need to of operators are entering enforcement sites. If a driver downloading tachograph data, have had an annual test by 20 vehicle information incorrectly receives a fixed penalty, he the first one advises: May 2019 to remain legal on into records on the Vehicle or she will need to provide a • Take a risk-based approach Britain’s roads. Having lost their Operator Licensing (VOL) telephone number or email • Contemplate the following test exemption in May 2018, service, which was launched in address. A link to the payment factors that might increase risk they now must pass an annual 2016. Common errors include portal and a unique code will of non-compliance: drivers who test before the next vehicle tax incorrect vehicle registration then be sent by text message are away from base, drivers with renewal is due. The changes marks (VRM) on licences, or email. This system allows a history of previous offences have brought new types into and incorrect or out-of-date drivers to nominate someone and drivers on strict schedules the scope of the test, including maintenance provider details. else, such as their employer, • Choose the appropriate mobile cranes and mobile Making sure the right VRMs are to pay a fine. Following some period within the maximum concrete batching plant. All listed on the licence is critical. queries about the deadline • Be aware of the possibility specialised heavy vehicles It confirms that the vehicles for payments of fines, DVSA of data from driver cards constructed on or adapted being operated are authorised has confirmed that UK-based being overwritten if the period from HGV chassis are now under the O licence. It’s also drivers will still have 28 days to for driver cards has been required to be tested, including important for roadside checks. pay fixed penalties. The new exceeded. mobile cranes, breakdown If the vehicle is incorrectly payment system only changes trucks, tractors, electric registered, it could be stopped the method of payment, not As regards driver defect vehicles, through to heavy more often, because DVSA the rules for payment. reporting, it recommends: trucks and low-loaders under won’t be able to find it on a • Look out for tachograph Special Types General Order licence. HGV operators should Digital impressions reports that begin with (STGO), as well as high-speed check the disc when it arrives in When the new Vehicle immediate driving, as this agricultural tractors. For details, the post, if the VRM is displayed Operator Licensing (VOL) would indicate unrecorded see www.is.gd/bisuwa. on the disc. If it’s wrong, service launched in 2016, it walk-around checks – or no operators need to register the gave operators the chance to checks at all – meaning the Walk-around checks right vehicle on their licence do more online. Gov.uk Verify records are incomplete DVSA has updated its leaflets and return the incorrect disc also allowed operators to sign • Drivers should immediately describing the checks required to the Office of the Traffic an application digitally for the place their card in the slot and in a daily driver walk-around Commissioner straight away. first time. From 1 April 2018, select ‘other work’ every time pre-use inspection. At least one PSV operators need to operators were no longer able they drive. This should be such check of the whole vehicle double-check that the correct to download paper forms; by habitual; failing to do so may must be made every 24 hours, registration marks are entered the end of this year, the whole be a deliberate action usually before the vehicle is if they supply the Office of system (www.is.gd/yezise) will • Operators should be aware driven. The HGV leaflet can be the Traffic Commissioner with be paperless. Operators are that drivers may hide extra found via: www.is.gd/unopun. VRMs. Operators can check being encouraged to do more driving or other work at the The PCV leaflet can be found their details via www.is.gd/ and more online, which is said beginning of the day in case of here: www.is.gd/usiyax. yezise. to reduce processing times. potential problems later.

42 www.transportengineer.org.uk April 2019