Te 19Th & 20Th Cent Y Ite T E & T
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34 te 19th & 20th centy itete & t To Robert Byron 12 Hill Close 1 ACTON, Harold. Aquarium. Duckworth, [1923]. First Charlbury edition. Inscribed by the author, in the month of publication, Oxfordshire ox7 3y ‘To my dear vivacious friend – Robert Byron – student of the Tel: +44 (0)1608 811437 delicately grotesque and fumbler amongst the secrets of strange souls. With the humble and warm regards of Harold Acton. 1923. Email: [email protected] April’. Patterned paper boards. Backstrip lacking (as often), top www.paulrassam.com edge spotted, else a good copy. £750 Member: b/ilab Though they had been at Eton together, Acton’s real friendship with Byron began at Oxford, where the latter’s ‘vivacity and pugnacity made him an invaluable ally’ to Acton and Waugh’s ‘campaign against false prophets’, as Acton later recalled in Memoirs of an Aesthete. 2 ACTON, Harold. Peonies and Ponies. Chatto & Windus, 1941. First edition. James Lees-Milne’s copy, with his bookplate. Cloth unevenly faded, else a very good copy. £75 3 ANAND, Mulk Raj. Three autograph letters signed, one with an accompanying 3pp. ms. autobiographical essay and signed covering leaf, seven typed letters signed (of which six are aero grammes, most with ms. corrections), and three postcards, to Ernest Martin, London and Bombay 1937–1999. One postcard chipped at corner with the loss of a couple of words. £1500 A series of letters, spanning a period of over sixty years, to Ernest Martin, a writer with a life-long concern for the disadvantaged in rural society, and an antipathy towards fascism that led to fights with Mosley’s blackshirts. Aged seventeen, he had joined War Resisters International and was a conscientious objector during the second world war. ‘Dear Comrade’, Anand begins his first letter, ‘I enclose herewith a few facts about myself which Douglas Garman tells me you want for your essay. … I have been wanting to write to you, as I am just getting my bearings back to negotiate the difficult parts of a quarter million word novel of peasant life in changing India’. In his accompanying autobiographical essay, he describes his family circumstances and upbringing, his education and voracious reading (including a smuggled copy of Marx’s Value, Price and Profit), his disillusionment with national 1 politics in India, and his involvement with the the Indian Progressive the end of racialism. These eventualities in turn demand that the haves Writers Association. He also outlines his literary aspirations: ‘I set begin to share with the have-nots a modicum of worldly goods.’ Another myself to write a series of novels of India, which could be, like Balzac’s letter expresses his sense of the precariousness of human existence. ‘I Comedie, the picture of an epoch. Of the twenty volumes on the various feel often that human beings are so lost in the mundain [sic] existence aspects of Indian life which I planned, I have written ten, revised five, that they seldom think of the privilege given to men and women to be on published three. I hope, barring accidents such as the impending war this earth… and seldom value our survival on it for the the average three or imprisonment on one of my necessary visits to India, to complete the score and ten.’ In July 1996, he urges Martin to join him in campaigning series about 1945.’ for nuclear disarmament. ‘There is no other cause so sacred for us At the end of January 1944, he writes to praise In Search of Faith, a today as the deep feeling about nuclear threat’. He ends his last letter symposium edited by Martin, to which Anand had contributed a piece by commenting that ‘I feel that the climate may have been affected by entitled ‘I Believe in Man’, and adds that he was ‘very impressed with the bomb tests going on. Certainly our climate has been changed by the [Olaf] Stapledon’s essay, because I feel I have a great deal in common French tests in the lower Pacific.’ with him’. Anand subsequently extended his own essay into a short book Writing in March 1979, Anand wishes he had the time to write ‘a entitled Apology for Heroism: an essay in search of faith, published in Tolstoyan confession to demonstrate how we all failed in spite of our 1946, and returns to the subject repeatedly in his letters to Martin. In an consistent struggle for decency in human relations.’ Nevertheless, ‘I undated letter from the mid ’60s, he announces that ‘I am sending you a think our old friendship is a proof of the fact that among a few people draft of my new article in search of faith – a quite new, fresh article about in this bad, mad, sad world humanness is possible.’ Earlier in the letter, the whole series of questions. I still have to revise it, so keep it by for the Anand mentions having been ‘away in my homeland receiving a time you may compile your new anthology.’ In 1979, he declares that, honorary Doctor’s degree from a university of my brethren of the long ‘I want to write for you something like the surrealist confession, which hair. They had banned some of my books a few years ago, so to be called may go beyond the Apology for Heroism (in search of faith). I want to back and made Poo Bah, was very pleasing. On my return here, I have trace the emergence from Indian existentialism or fatalism into the been asked to go to Mauritius for the celebration of Independence Day. European kind of torment affected by Eliot, Kirkegarde [sic], Pascal, and The Prime Minister was a co-student of mine in London in the 20s. And others, into the vitalism akin to Bergson, Shaw and perhaps Santayana.’ there are a few other friends I have to see there, same vintage. It will In an undated letter from the mid ’90s, Anand informs Martin that he be happy to get together with monuments from the past. And not very has told a young enthusiast who is making a TV programme about him glorious ones, but one in which we shared the role of outsiders, trying to that ‘you are one of the few who noticed my attitudes in the thirties and become insiders.’ included me in your book’ and hopes that Martin can contribute to the Anand had returned to India in 1947, after over twenty years living programme. The essay crops up even in Anand’s final letter, again with in London. ‘I am afraid one of the penalties of returning home, has been the intention of revising it, this time in order ‘to acknowledge impulses that most of my English friends have been thinking that I have finished and ideas as also debts to various elders, specially to Gandhi and later as a writer’, he complains in August 1979. ‘In the ninth book on my in UK to people like Bertrand Russell, H. G. Wells and my professor in books, a brown Englishman called Saros Cowasjee, has said that after Cambridge, Dawes Hicks.’ coming to India, my work is rubbishy, badly edited and a waste of time Politics inevitably forms a rich seam in these letters, with Anand and paper. You know that the snobbery with violence of the imperialist recalling his role in the struggle against fascism, which had led him to period has continued. Here, of course, the reaction is that I stayed too fight in the Spanish civil war, and despairing at the arms race between long in the west and that my humanism is away from Indian tradition, India and Pakistan, while millions starve. He also fears the threat of materialistic and debased, because I place too much emphasis on bread.’ nuclear war. If that could be averted, ‘there can be no going back to In a letter from November 1995, Anand discusses his horror of violence, narrow nationalisms, but towards a universal one-world culture.… Such ‘as in my novel: Across the Black Waters, in which I created the agony of a world, of course, cannot come from remnants of old consciousness, the Indian sepoys getting killed in the bogs of Flanders, fighting, as they the political myths of the 19th and 20th centuries, or even the were supposed to do, for the liberty of the British Empire, which denied rationalisations based on Europe and Asia or Africa. It can only come them freedom at home. Maybe that was the cue for passion from which I from the breakdown of frontiers, the abolition of passports and visas, became so intensely anti-Fascist. Of course, Indian critics, who matured 2 3 after the war, tend to say that my novels are Communist propaganda. The Communist critics say that I am not communist enough. No one has ‘I am afraid I got dead drunk in the afternoon’ used the word, Fellow Traveller. Perhaps you might recall the fact that 6 BACON, Francis. Autograph letter signed to Janetta Par- people like me, from the Indian liberation struggle could not be neutral ladé, 2pp., 7 Reese Mews, London S.W.7., ‘Saturday morning’. against Fascism because the communists were foremost in fighting ‘I am so sorry not to have been at your party last night’, Bacon against Hitler, Mussolini and Franco…’ writes. ‘I am afraid I got dead drunk in the afternoon and was not He goes on to mention ‘an Indian scholar Dr. Abhay Sharma, forward fit to turn up. I would love to see you before you leave. Would you Indian woman’ who has ‘written the first draft of a long article of forty pages’ on Orwell’s friendship with him: ‘That essay brings out telephone me if you have a moment and we could have lunch or shared thoughts and feelings of Orwell and myself, which were great dinner.