Report for Typhoon
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Topographic Influence on the Motion of Tropical Cyclones Landfalling on the Coast of China
OCTOBER 2016 C H E N A N D W U 1615 Topographic Influence on the Motion of Tropical Cyclones Landfalling on the Coast of China XIAOYU CHEN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Pacific Typhoon Research Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China LIGUANG WU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Pacific Typhoon Research Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, and State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China (Manuscript received 17 March 2016, in final form 10 August 2016) ABSTRACT A few recent numerical studies investigated the influence of a continent, which is much larger in size than islands, on the track of a landfalling tropical cyclone. It has been found that land surface roughness and temperature tend to make a tropical cyclone move toward the continent. In this study, the effect of the elevated terrain on the western part of mainland China on landfall tracks is examined through idealized numerical experiments, in which an initially axisymmetric vortex is embedded into a monsoon trough and takes a landfall track across China’s mainland. It is found that the effect of the elevated terrain on the western part of mainland China can enhance the southerly environmental flows in the low and midtroposphere, leading to an additional landward component of tropical cyclone motion, suggesting that forecasts for tropical cyclone tracks over land should take into consideration the change in thermal condition over the continent. -
American Meteorological Society 2011 Student Conference Paper
Sea Surface Height and Intensity Change in Western North Pacific Typhoons Julianna K. Kurpis, Marino A. Kokolis, and Grace Terdoslavich: Bard High School Early College, Long Island City, New York Jeremy N. Thomas and Natalia N. Solorzano: Digipen Institute of Technology& Northwest Research Associates, Redmond, Washington Abstract Eastern/Central Pacific Hurricane Felicia (2009) Western North Pacific Typhoon Durian (2006) Although the structure of tropical cyclones (TCs) is well known, there are innumerable factors that contribute to their formation and development. The question that we choose to assess is at the very foundation of what conditions are needed for TC genesis and intensification: How does ocean heat content contribute to TC intensity change? Today, it is generally accepted that warm water promotes TC development. Indeed, TCs can be modeled as heat engines that gain energy from the warm water and, in turn, make the sea surface temperature (SST) cooler. Our study tests the relationship between the heat content of the ocean and the intensification process of strong Western North Pacific (WNP) Typhoons (sustained winds greater than 130 knots). We obtained storm track and wind speed data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and sea surface height (SSH) data from AVISO as a merged product from altimeters on three satellites: Jason-1, November/December: 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aug: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Jason-2, and Envisat. We used MATLAB to compare the SSH to the wind speeds, The strongest wind for Typhoon Durian occurred when the SSH was below using these as proxies for ocean heat content and intensity, respectively. -
Characteristics of Satellite-Based Ocean Turbulent Heat Flux Around the Korean Peninsula and Relationship with Changes in Typhoon Intensity
remote sensing Article Characteristics of Satellite-Based Ocean Turbulent Heat Flux around the Korean Peninsula and Relationship with Changes in Typhoon Intensity Jaemin Kim and Yun Gon Lee * Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Astronomy, Space Science, and Geology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-042-821-7107 Abstract: Ocean-atmosphere energy exchange is an important factor in the maintenance of oceanic and atmospheric circulation and the regulation of meteorological and climate systems. Oceanic sensible and latent heat fluxes around the Korean Peninsula were determined using satellite-based air-sea variables (wind speed, sea surface temperature, and atmospheric specific humidity and temperature) and the coupled ocean-atmosphere response experiment (COARE) 3.5 bulk algorithm for six years between 2014 and 2019. Seasonal characteristics of the marine heat flux and its short- term fluctuations during summer typhoons were also investigated. Air-sea variables were produced through empirical relationships and verified with observational data from marine buoys around the Korean Peninsula. Satellite-derived wind speed, sea surface temperature, atmospheric specific humidity, and air temperature were strongly correlated with buoy data, with R2 values of 0.80, 0.97, 0.90, and 0.91, respectively. Satellite-based sensible and latent heat fluxes around the peninsula were also validated against fluxes calculated from marine buoy data, and displayed low values in summer and higher values in autumn and winter as the difference between air-sea temperature and specific humidity increased. Through analyses of spatio-temporal fluctuations in the oceanic turbulent heat Citation: Kim, J.; Lee, Y.G. -
A Domestication Strategy of Indigenous Premium Timber Species by Smallholders in Central Visayas and Northern Mindanao, the Philippines
A DOMESTICATION STRATEGY OF INDIGENOUS PREMIUM TIMBER SPECIES BY SMALLHOLDERS IN CENTRAL VISAYAS AND NORTHERN MINDANAO, THE PHILIPPINES Autor: Iria Soto Embodas Supervisors: Hugo de Boer and Manuel Bertomeu Garcia Department: Systematic Botany, Uppsala University Examyear: 2007 Study points: 20 p Table of contents PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. CONTEXT OF THE STUDY AND RATIONALE 3 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 18 4. ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY 19 5. METHODOLOGY 20 6. RESULTS 28 7. DISCUSSION: CURRENT CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR DOMESTICATING PREMIUM TIMBER SPECIES 75 8. TOWARDS REFORESTATION WITH PREMIUM TIMBER SPECIES IN THE PHILIPPINES: A PROPOSAL FOR A TREE 81 DOMESTICATION STRATEGY 9. REFERENCES 91 1. INTRODUCTION The importance of the preservation of the tropical rainforest is discussed all over the world (e.g. 1972 Stockholm Conference, 1975 Helsinki Conference, 1992 Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, and the 2002 Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development). Tropical rainforest has been recognized as one of the main elements for maintaining climatic conditions, for the prevention of impoverishment of human societies and for the maintenance of biodiversity, since they support an immense richness of life (Withmore, 1990). In addition sustainable management of the environment and elimination of absolute poverty are included as the 21 st Century most important challenges embedded in the Millennium Development Goals. The forest of Southeast Asia constitutes, after the South American, the second most extensive rainforest formation in the world. The archipelago of tropical Southeast Asia is one of the world's great reserves of biodiversity and endemism. This holds true for The Philippines in particular: it is one of the most important “biodiversity hotspots” .1. -
Philippines: Typhoons
Emergency Appeal no. MDRPH002 PHILIPPINES: TC-2006-000175-PHL 4 December 2006 TYPHOONS The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity. It is the world’s largest humanitarian organization and its millions of volunteers are active in over 185 countries. In Brief THIS REVISED EMERGENCY APPEAL SEEKS CHF 8,833,789 (USD 7,318,798 OR EUR 5,552,350) IN CASH, KIND, OR SERVICES TO SUPPORT THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS IN ASSISTING 200,000 BENEFICIARIES FOR NINE MONTHS. Appeal history: · Disaster Relief Emergency Funds (DREF) allocated in September: CHF 100,000 (USD 80,000 or EUR 63,291). This DREF will be reimbursed through this Appeal. · Launched on 2 October 2006 for CHF 5,704,261 (USD 4,563,408 or EUR 3,610,292) for three months to assist 126,000 beneficiaries. · Revised 19 October 2006 for CHF 5,704,261 (USD 4,563,408 or EUR 3,610,292) for nine months to assist 126,000 beneficiaries. · 1 December 2006, Disaster Relief Emergency Funds (DREF) allocated: An aerial view of the devastation wrought by typhoon Durian. CHF 100,000 (USD 80,000 or EUR 63,291). This appeal re-launch is to take into account the fourth successive typhoon to hit the Philippines within the past two months. The extent of the impact of the latest typhoon, Durian (Reming) is yet to be fully determined. However, initial reports indicate widespread damage caused by the effects of strong wind, rain, floods, mudflow and landslides. A further revision and expansion of the appeal will be undertaken in the coming days based on the assessments of the Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC), the field assessment and coordination team (FACT), the regional disaster response team (RDRT) and the Federation’s country delegation assessment teams currently in the field. -
Appeals: Southeast Asia: Typhoon Chebi - Nov 2006, Consolidated Ap… Appeals Process (CAP): Typhoon Appeal 2006 for Philippines, Appe 05/07/2007 04:02 PM
Appeals: Southeast Asia: Typhoon Chebi - Nov 2006, Consolidated Ap… Appeals Process (CAP): Typhoon Appeal 2006 for Philippines, Appe 05/07/2007 04:02 PM log in | My ReliefWeb | help | Contact Search this section entire site Advanced Search Source: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Print E-mail Save Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Date: 15 Dec 2006 Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP): Typhoon Appeal 2006 for Philippines See all maps for this Emergency 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FIND RELATED Typhoon Impacts DOCUMENTS The Philippines was hit by three extreme weather disturbances (typhoons) in a span By Emergency: of 10 weeks from 25 September to 1 December 2006, then another lower order Southeast Asia: Typhoon typhoon on 9 December. These events triggered landslides, flash floods, mudslides, Chebi - Nov 2006 Southeast Asia: Typhoon widespread flooding and together with the associated high winds, caused Cimaron - Oct 2006 destruction and damage to homes, community buildings, communications, Southeast Asia: Typhoon infrastructure, roads, bridges, agricultural crops and fishing farms. Durian - Dec 2006 Southeast Asia: Typhoon Typhoon Reming (also called Durian), which hit on 30 November, was the most Xangsane - Sep 2006 destructive, severely affecting the provinces of Albay, Catanduanes, and Camarines Sur in southeastern Luzon Island, although significant damage was also recorded in By Country: Philippines Mindoro Oriental, Marinduque, Batangas, Laguna, Mindoro Occidental and Romblon provinces. Most of the severely affected areas are coastal and farming By Source: municipalities and towns located around the periphery of Mt. Mayon Volcano. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Over a thousand lives are estimated to have been lost, and over 180,000 houses Humanitarian Affairs have been totally destroyed by Reming alone. -
Monday, August 20, 2018 8:30 A.M. EDT Significant Activity – Aug 17-20
Monday, August 20, 2018 8:30 a.m. EDT Significant Activity – Aug 17-20 Significant Events: Western wildfires Tropical Activity: • Atlantic – No tropical cyclones expected in next 48 hours • Eastern Pacific – No tropical cyclone expected in next 48 hours • Central Pacific – Hurricane Lane (CAT 3) • Western Pacific – Typhoon Cimaron (23W) Significant Weather: • Severe thunderstorms possible – Lower/Middle Mississippi valleys to the Tennessee and Ohio Valleys • Flash flooding possible – Lower Mississippi/Tennessee valleys to Upper Mississippi Valley and Great Lakes • Elevated fire weather – CA, NV, UT, OR & WA • Isolated dry thunderstorms – OR, WA, ID & MT • Red Flag Warnings – UT, OR, WA, & ID Declaration Activity: • Major Disaster Declaration Request – Iowa • Major Disaster Declaration approved – Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation • Amendment No. 1 to FEMA-4382-DR-CA Wildfire Summary Fire Name FMAG Acres Percent Evacuations Structures Fatalities / (County) Number Burned Contained (Residents) Threatened Damaged Destroyed Injuries California (1) Mendocino 389,967 79% Mandatory 1,050 (+25) 38 (+2) 277 (+12) Complex 5262-FM-CA 0 / 2 (+10,247) (+3) 1,988 (+859) (1,025 homes) (13 homes) (157 homes) (Mendocino & Lake) Washington (2) Cougar Creek 37,775 (Chelan) 5270-FM-WA 35% Voluntary only 300 homes 0 0 0 / 3 Final (+1,056) Boyds 43% 162 4 (Ferry) 5273-FM-WA 3,065 Voluntary only 0 0 / 7 (+3) Final (+12) (161 homes) (3 homes) Hurricane Lane – Central Pacific Hurricane Lane – CAT 3 (Advisory #22 as of 5:00 a.m. EDT) • Located 675 miles -
Lecture 15 Hurricane Structure
MET 200 Lecture 15 Hurricanes Last Lecture: Atmospheric Optics Structure and Climatology The amazing variety of optical phenomena observed in the atmosphere can be explained by four physical mechanisms. • What is the structure or anatomy of a hurricane? • How to build a hurricane? - hurricane energy • Hurricane climatology - when and where Hurricane Katrina • Scattering • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction 1 2 Colorado Flood Damage Hurricanes: Useful Websites http://www.wunderground.com/hurricane/ http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tc_pages/tc_home.html http://tropic.ssec.wisc.edu http://www.nhc.noaa.gov Hurricane Alberto Hurricanes are much broader than they are tall. 3 4 Hurricane Raymond Hurricane Raymond 5 6 Hurricane Raymond Hurricane Raymond 7 8 Hurricane Raymond: wind shear Typhoon Francisco 9 10 Typhoon Francisco Typhoon Francisco 11 12 Typhoon Francisco Typhoon Francisco 13 14 Typhoon Lekima Typhoon Lekima 15 16 Typhoon Lekima Hurricane Priscilla 17 18 Hurricane Priscilla Hurricanes are Tropical Cyclones Hurricanes are a member of a family of cyclones called Tropical Cyclones. West of the dateline these storms are called Typhoons. In India and Australia they are called simply Cyclones. 19 20 Hurricane Isaac: August 2012 Characteristics of Tropical Cyclones • Low pressure systems that don’t have fronts • Cyclonic winds (counter clockwise in Northern Hemisphere) • Anticyclonic outflow (clockwise in NH) at upper levels • Warm at their center or core • Wind speeds decrease with height • Symmetric structure about clear "eye" • Latent heat from condensation in clouds primary energy source • Form over warm tropical and subtropical oceans NASA VIIRS Day-Night Band 21 22 • Differences between hurricanes and midlatitude storms: Differences between hurricanes and midlatitude storms: – energy source (latent heat vs temperature gradients) - Winter storms have cold and warm fronts (asymmetric). -
Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma -
Appendix 8: Damages Caused by Natural Disasters
Building Disaster and Climate Resilient Cities in ASEAN Draft Finnal Report APPENDIX 8: DAMAGES CAUSED BY NATURAL DISASTERS A8.1 Flood & Typhoon Table A8.1.1 Record of Flood & Typhoon (Cambodia) Place Date Damage Cambodia Flood Aug 1999 The flash floods, triggered by torrential rains during the first week of August, caused significant damage in the provinces of Sihanoukville, Koh Kong and Kam Pot. As of 10 August, four people were killed, some 8,000 people were left homeless, and 200 meters of railroads were washed away. More than 12,000 hectares of rice paddies were flooded in Kam Pot province alone. Floods Nov 1999 Continued torrential rains during October and early November caused flash floods and affected five southern provinces: Takeo, Kandal, Kampong Speu, Phnom Penh Municipality and Pursat. The report indicates that the floods affected 21,334 families and around 9,900 ha of rice field. IFRC's situation report dated 9 November stated that 3,561 houses are damaged/destroyed. So far, there has been no report of casualties. Flood Aug 2000 The second floods has caused serious damages on provinces in the North, the East and the South, especially in Takeo Province. Three provinces along Mekong River (Stung Treng, Kratie and Kompong Cham) and Municipality of Phnom Penh have declared the state of emergency. 121,000 families have been affected, more than 170 people were killed, and some $10 million in rice crops has been destroyed. Immediate needs include food, shelter, and the repair or replacement of homes, household items, and sanitation facilities as water levels in the Delta continue to fall. -
Sigma 1/2008
sigma No 1/2008 Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 2007: high losses in Europe 3 Summary 5 Overview of catastrophes in 2007 9 Increasing flood losses 16 Indices for the transfer of insurance risks 20 Tables for reporting year 2007 40 Tables on the major losses 1970–2007 42 Terms and selection criteria Published by: Swiss Reinsurance Company Economic Research & Consulting P.O. Box 8022 Zurich Switzerland Telephone +41 43 285 2551 Fax +41 43 285 4749 E-mail: [email protected] New York Office: 55 East 52nd Street 40th Floor New York, NY 10055 Telephone +1 212 317 5135 Fax +1 212 317 5455 The editorial deadline for this study was 22 January 2008. Hong Kong Office: 18 Harbour Road, Wanchai sigma is available in German (original lan- Central Plaza, 61st Floor guage), English, French, Italian, Spanish, Hong Kong, SAR Chinese and Japanese. Telephone +852 2582 5691 sigma is available on Swiss Re’s website: Fax +852 2511 6603 www.swissre.com/sigma Authors: The internet version may contain slightly Rudolf Enz updated information. Telephone +41 43 285 2239 Translations: Kurt Karl (Chapter on indices) CLS Communication Telephone +41 212 317 5564 Graphic design and production: Jens Mehlhorn (Chapter on floods) Swiss Re Logistics/Media Production Telephone +41 43 285 4304 © 2008 Susanna Schwarz Swiss Reinsurance Company Telephone +41 43 285 5406 All rights reserved. sigma co-editor: The entire content of this sigma edition is Brian Rogers subject to copyright with all rights reserved. Telephone +41 43 285 2733 The information may be used for private or internal purposes, provided that any Managing editor: copyright or other proprietary notices are Thomas Hess, Head of Economic Research not removed. -
The Eyewall-Penetration Reconnaissance Observation of Typhoon Longwang (2005) with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Aerosonde
JANUARY 2008 L I N A N D L E E 15 The Eyewall-Penetration Reconnaissance Observation of Typhoon Longwang (2005) with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Aerosonde PO-HSIUNG LIN AND CHENG-SHANG LEE Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Manuscript received 18 September 2006, in final form 18 April 2007) ABSTRACT In this paper, a successful eye-penetration reconnaissance flight by an unmanned aerial vehicle, Aerosonde, into Typhoon Longwang (2005) and the preliminary analyses of the collected data are pre- sented. The 10-h flight is diagnosed through four flight legs. The wind field measured along flight leg 1 provides the tangential and radial wind profiles from the outer perimeter into the eye of the typhoon at the 700-hPa layer. A vertical sounding was taken in the eye along flight leg 2 and the derived surface pressure in the eyewall is close to the estimates made by the local weather agencies. Along flight leg 3, the strongest winds during the whole flight mission were measured. These in situ wind measurements by Aerosonde are consistent with the winds observed by the Hua-lien Doppler weather radar. The maximum 10-min (1 min) wind along flight leg 3 when Aerosonde was flying around the eyewall region is 58.6 m sϪ1 (62 m sϪ1). The maximum sustained surface wind derived from this maximum wind speed is also close to the estimates made by the local weather agencies. In conclusion, this successful mission demonstrates that the Aerosonde with a trained crew can play a role in severe weather monitoring and the Aerosonde’s measurement can serve as an independent check for Doppler radar wind retrieval.