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Improved Drive Train for Gear Hobbing Machine

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Improved Drive Train for Gear Hobbing Machine Europaisches Patentamt J) European Patent Office CD Publication number: 0 094 392 Office europeen des brevets B1 EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of publication of patent specification: 08.02.89 Intel.4: B 23 F 5/22, B 23 F 5/24 Application number: 82902557.6 Date of filing: 06.07.82 International application number: PCT/US82/00910 International publication number: WO 83/01752 26.05.83 Gazette 83/13 IMPROVED DRIVE TRAIN FOR GEAR HOBBING MACHINE. Priority: 23.11.81 US 323775 Proprietor: THE GLEASON WORKS 1000 University Avenue Rochester New York 14692 (US) (§) Date of publication of application: 23.11.83 Bulletin 83/47 Inventor: HUNKELER, Ernst J. 22 Bittersweet Road Publication of the grant of the patent: Fairport, NY 14450 (US) 08.02.89 Bulletin 89/06 Representative: Harrison, David Christopher Designated Contracting States: etal CHDEFRGBLINLSE MEWBURN ELLIS & CO 2/3 Cursitor Street London EC4A1BQ(GB) References cited: DE-A-1 527 126 DE-B-1 056453 GB-A-484928 US-A-1 570372 £0 US-A-2 773 429 US-A-2856 834 US-A-3 078 767 CM US-A-3971293 O) CO <?r o> o mention of the of the o Note: Within nine months from the publication of the grant European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been a. paid. (Art. 99(1) European patent convention). m Courier Press, Leamington Spa, England. EP 0 094 392 B1 Description that worm drives tend to wear excessively and create heat during normal operation. The In the context of this specification, references to development of excessive heat in any given area "hobbing" or a gear hobbing process are of a machine drive train creates a special problem intended to include those machines and pro- 5 of maintaining accuracy in the drive train and can cesses which utilize a rotating tool for engaging lead to hot areas in the machine itself that tend to and forming teeth in a rotating workpiece while affect precision alignment of basic machine com- the tool and the workpiece are rotated together in ponents which determine the precision relation- a timed relationship. The timed relationship is ship between the tool and the workpiece. critical to the formation of teeth of the right 10 In order to provide for a greater range of speeds geometry and spacing about the perimeter of the in a single machine than is possible with worm workpiece, and the timed relationship is achieved drives, while, at the same time, obtaining greater with a drive train which interconnects a spindle efficiency and stiffness in the drive train of the for driving the tool with a spindle for driving the machine than is obtainable with worm gear workpiece. 15 drives, the present invention utilizes a hypoid Hobbing machines are well known in the art gear set (known per se from US— A— 2 773 429 and are utilized for manufacturing spur and heli- which describes the closest prior art in combina- cal gears. Typically, such machines include a tool tion with spur gears (known per se from GB — A — head portion where a cylindrical hobbing tool can 484928) in the final drive system for a work be mounted and rotated on its axis while the tool 20 spindle of a hobbing machine. The hypoid gear is brought into engagement with one or more set (or a bevel gear set) functions to change the workpieces mounted on a workpiece spindle. The direction of the power train (from a horizontal to a workpiece spindle may be designed to carry only vertical axis) and to partially reduce speed at the a single workpiece or a stack of workpieces, and work spindle, and the spur gears function to the machine is provided with mechanisms for 25 further reduce speed at the work spindle. By feeding the tool into engagement with the work- separating speed reduction into two steps, it is pieces and for then traversing the tool from one possible to obtain a wider range of work spindle end of the stack of workpieces to the other end speeds with a given hypoid gear set, and the thereof while the tool and the workpieces are hypoid or bevel gear set does not have to be as rotated in a timed relationship. 30 accurate (or as costly) as is required for a worm Although bevel gears were used at one time in drive of a conventional machine. Hypoid gears the part of the drive train that drives the work- offer similar driving characteristics to what is piece about its axis (as shown, for example, in obtained with worm gears because of the number U.S. Patents 1,543,031, 2,048,503 and 2,704,492), of teeth which are in contact between the hypoid the hobbing machine technology has developed 35 pinion and the hypoid gear which is being driven in more recent years to one which utilizes one or by the pinion. Also, hypoid drives are relatively more worm drives in the final drive system for quiet and do not create excessive heat. A hypoid providing a rotating moment to the workpiece drive also offers the possibility of an extended drive spindle. Examples of worm and wheel speed range for any given machine, and it is drives are shown in U.S. Patents 3,232,169 and 40 contemplated that a machine utilizing the drive of 3,318,193. The use of worm drives developed out this invention will be able to operate with work of a need for great precision in the final portion of spindle speeds on the order of 1 20 revolutions per a drive train where there is a requirement to minute or more. change direction of the power train and to greatly There is a particular advantage in using a reduce its speed for driving the work spindle of 45 hypoid gear set (or even bevel gears) for reverse the machine. Worm and wheel drives provide hand hobbing operations and for a backlash such a dual function of changing direction and control system which utilizes a supplemental reducing speed in the drive train. However, worm drive train in combination with the main drive drives are costly to manufacture to the standards train of the machine. It is possible with such a of precision that are required for present day so system to preload a substantial portion of the production machines, and the use of a worm main drive train, so as to remove backlash there- drive limits the speed range available for any form, in accordance with the type of cutting being given machine. As a result of this, many com- performed by the machine. For example, a posi- panies in the business of manufacturing hobbing tive preload can be used when cutting helical machines offer two separate lines of machines: a 55 gears with a hobbing tool which is of opposite standard machine for use at standard speeds and hand from the helix of the workpiece. Negative a special machine with multi-lead worm and preload can be used when the hand of the tool worm wheels for use at higher speeds. Alterna- and the workpiece are the same. In both cases, it tively, it possible to build two separate worm is possible to effectively stiffen a substantial part drive mechanisms into a single machine, as 60 of the machine drive train through the use of a shown for example in U.S. patent 4,286,479. In supplemental drive. In accordance with the inven- either case, a customer must invest considerable tion, therefore, a motor is used to apply moment capital in order to obtain a capacity for operating to the final drive system through the supplemen- over a wide range of speeds. In addition to the tal drive. disadvantages just mentioned, it is also known 65 In US — A — 3971293 a supplemental motor was EP 0 094 392 B1 work provided, but was not coupled in such a way as to spindle 14 which supports one or more into remove backlash from the final drive connection pieces 16 for being brought working engage- to the work spindle. ment with the hobbing tool 10. Interconnecting 16 is In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the the hobbing tool 10 and the workpiece a includes drive train of a hobbing machine is provided with 5 relatively conventional drive train which drive motor be, a final drive system for its work spindle charac- a main drive motor 18. This may terized by the use of a hypoid pinion mounted to for example, a 11.0 kW (fifteen horsepower) the main be rotated by a main drive train of the machine single speed AC motor. Power from and with the hypoid pinion being in meshing drive motor 18 is transferred through a pulley 20 with a hypoid ring gear. The hypoid 10 and belt 22 to another pulley 24 which is con- engagement the ring is operatively connected to the work nected to a drive shaft 26. By changing pulleys gear tool 12 spindle through an indexing spur gear set which 20 and 24, rotational speed of the spindle is connected directly to the work spindle. In can be changed, and speeds in the range of 100 to in addition, a motor-driven supplemental driving 600 revolutions per minute can be provided a with this invention. system is provided for overcoming load interrup- 15 typical machine in accordance drive shaft 26 tions on the work spindle so as to remove back- Power is transferred from the lash in the that are driving the work spindle.
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