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The Department of Pulp and Paper at Its 70 Anniversary
CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY THE DEPARTMENT OF PULP AND PAPER AT ITS 70 th ANNIVERSARY One of the main tendencies of the contemporary world is that of forgetting the past and people, disregarding the warning expressed by a reputed scholar: “Man cannot mold the form of the future without being aware of his present conditions and of the limitations of his past.” [Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945), “An Essay on Man”] – or, in Leibniz’s (1646-1716) words: “To leap forward, one has first to step back”. “There is in fact no such thing as the future, singular; only futures, plural. There are multiple interpretations of history, to be sure, none definitive – but there is only one past. And although the past is over, for two reasons it is indispensable to our understanding of what we experience today and what lies ahead of us tomorrow and thereafter. ” [Nial Ferguson (1964), “Civilization: the West and the Rest”]. Not accidentally, the American Chemical Society proposed the creation of a foundation named “Chemical Heritage”, for capitalizing on cultural heritage in the field of chemical science. In Romania, the first attempt to set up a department in the field of pulp and paper was done in 1948, in Bucharest, but it failed. That is why, Academician Cristofor Simionescu, associate professor at that time, received the mission to create, in Iasi, the Department of Technology of Pulp and Paper. Together with one of his colleagues, Professor Vasile Diaconescu, he succeeded in doing this under the most difficult conditions, inherent to any beginning, and not only. Later on, in 1955, the department is renamed Technology of Pulp, Paper and Rayon Fibers. -
Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements
Matthias Driess, Heinrich No¨th (Eds.) Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements Matthias Driess, Heinrich No¨th (Eds.) Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements Further Titles of Interest: G. Schmid (Ed.) Nanoparticles From Theory to Application 2003 ISBN 3-527-30507-6 P. Jutzi, U. Schubert (Eds.) Silicon Chemistry From the Atom to Extended Systems 2003 ISBN 3-527-30647-1 P. Braunstein, L. A. Oro, P. R. Raithby (Eds.) Metal Clusters in Chemistry 1999 ISBN 3-527-29549-6 U. Schubert, N. Husing€ Synthesis of Inorganic Materials 2000 ISBN 3-527-29550-X P. Comba, T. W. Hambley Molecular Modeling of Inorganic Compounds 2001 ISBN 3-527-29915-7 Matthias Driess, Heinrich No¨th (Eds.) Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements Prof. Matthias Driess 9 This book was carefully produced. Ruhr-Universita¨t Bochum Nevertheless, authors, editors and publisher Fakulta¨tfu¨r Chemie do not warrant the information contained Lehrstuhl fu¨r Anorganische Chemie I: therein to be free of errors. Readers are Cluster- und Koordinations-Chemie advised to keep in mind that statements, 44780 Bochum data, illustrations, procedural details or Germany other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. Prof. Heinrich No¨th Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨tMu¨nchen Library of Congress Card No.: applied for Department Chemie A catalogue record for this book is available Butenandt Str. 5-13 (Haus D) from the British Library. 81377 Munich Bibliographic information published by Die Germany Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http:// dnb.ddb.de ( 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. -
Molecular Modeling 2010
Research Report by Dr. Kirill Yu. Monakhov – Graduate College 850 “Molecular Modeling 2010 Research Report by Dr. Kirill Yu. Monakhov Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Fax: +49-6221-546617. Supervisor: Gerald Linti Abstract In the framework of my Ph.D. thesis, the polynuclear bismuth chemistry has been investigated from different perspectives with the main focus on four types of the chemical bonding. Thus, the section of bismuth–bismuth bonding affects redox/metathesis reactions of BiBr3 with bulky lithium silanide Li(thf)3SiPh2tBu in three different ratios, leading to the formation of a Bi–Bi bonded compound, (tBuPh2Si)4Bi2 as one of the reaction products. The · quantum chemical study has been mainly performed to shed light on the processes of oligomerisation of R2Bi radicals and bismuth dimers. That is a major challenge in the context of ''thermochromicity'' and ''closed-shell interactions'' in inorganic chemistry of organobismuth compounds with homonuclear Bi–Bi bonds. The section of bismuth–transition-metal bonding gives a deep insight into the structures, the chemical bonding and the 4– electronic behavior of heteronuclear bulky Bi–Fe cage-like clusters, cubic [Bi4Fe8(CO)28] and seven-vertex [Bi4Fe3(CO)9], on the experimental and theoretical level. The section of bonding in bismuth–cyclopentadienyl compounds represents a detailed theoretical and experimental study of molecular systems based on 2+ cyclopentadienyl bismuth units such as (C5R5)Bi , [(C5R5)Bi]n and (C5R5)BiX2 (R = H, Me; X = F, Cl, Br, I; n = 1−4) in order to develop an effective adjustment of their electronic and bonding behavior and then, to be able to manipulate highly fluxional Bi–C5R5 bonds. -
BULETINUL SOCIETĂŢII DE CHIMIE DIN ROMÂNIA FONDATĂ ÎN 1919 Nr
BULETINUL SOCIETĂŢII DE CHIMIE DIN ROMÂNIA FONDATĂ ÎN 1919 Nr. XXIV (serie nouă) 1/ 2017 1 2 2 4 4 3 4 Sorin I.ROŞCA,Şedinţa Biroului Executiv al Consiliului de Conducere al Societăţii de Chimie din România, ianuarie 2017 Virginia Coman, Florina Copaciu, In memoriam, Academician Profesor Doctor Raluca RIPAN – O viață dedicată științei (1894 – 1975) Doru Vladimir PUŞCAŞU, Institute de cercetare – dezoltare – inovare din România - INSTITUTUL DE CERCETARE CEPROCIM S.A. BUCUREŞTI Vesna MIŠKOVIĆ-STANKOVIĆ, SINTEZA ELECTROCHIMICĂ A UNOR NOI COMPOZITE ANTIBACTERIENE DE GRAFENĂ CU ALCOOL POLIVINILIC DOPATE CU ARGINT Irina ZARAFU, Concursul Național de Comunicări Științifice pentru elevii din clasele liceale «CHIMIA-PRIETEN sau dușman?!», Ediția a XI-a, 2017 Eleonora-Mihaela UNGUREANU, Decernarea Medaliei «Constantin Istrati» D-nei Profesor Iulia GEORGESCU Societatea de Chimie din România Romanian Chemical Society Universitatea POLITEHNICA din Bucureşti, Departamentul de Chimie organică Costin NENIȚESCU Calea Victoriei, nr. 125, tel/fax +4021 3124573, e-mail:[email protected], e-mail:[email protected] Pagina web: www.schr.org.ro Bucureşti, România BULETINUL Societății de Chimie din România 1/2017 COLEGIUL EDITORIAL: Coordonator: Eleonora-Mihaela UNGUREANU Membri: Marius ANDRUH, Petru FILIP, Lucian GAVRILĂ, Horia IOVU, Elena DIACU, Ana Maria JOŞCEANU, Mircea MRACEC, Aurelia BALLO 2 Buletinul S. Ch. R. Nr. XXIV, 1/2017 Copyright 2013, Societatea de Chimie din România. Toate drepturile asupra acestei ediții sunt rezervate Societății de Chimie din România Adresa redacției: Universitatea POLITEHNICA din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Chimie Aplicată şi Ştiința Materialelor, Str. Gh. Polizu 1-7, corp E, etaj 2, Cod 011061; Tel:4021402 39 77; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], Pagina web: www.schr.org.ro Coperta 1 1. -
Symmetry 2010, 2, 1745-1762; Doi:10.3390/Sym2041745 OPEN ACCESS Symmetry ISSN 2073-8994
Symmetry 2010, 2, 1745-1762; doi:10.3390/sym2041745 OPEN ACCESS symmetry ISSN 2073-8994 www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry Review n– Polyanionic Hexagons: X6 (X = Si, Ge) Masae Takahashi Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-22-795-4271; Fax: +81-22-795-7810 Received: 16 August 2010; in revised form: 7 September 2010 / Accepted: 27 September 2010 / Published: 30 September 2010 Abstract: The paper reviews the polyanionic hexagons of silicon and germanium, focusing on aromaticity. The chair-like structures of hexasila- and hexagermabenzene are similar to a nonaromatic cyclohexane (CH2)6 and dissimilar to aromatic D6h-symmetric benzene (CH)6, although silicon and germanium are in the same group of the periodic table as carbon. Recently, six-membered silicon and germanium rings with extra electrons instead of conventional substituents, such as alkyl, aryl, etc., were calculated by us to have D6h symmetry and to be aromatic. We summarize here our main findings and the background needed to reach them, and propose a synthetically accessible molecule. Keywords: aromaticity; density-functional-theory calculations; Wade’s rule; Zintl phases; silicon clusters; germanium clusters 1. Introduction This review treats the subject of hexagonal silicon and germanium clusters, paying attention to the two-dimensional aromaticity. The concept of aromaticity is one of the most fascinating problems in chemistry [1,2]. Benzene is the archetypical aromatic hexagon of carbon: it is a planar, cyclic, fully conjugated system that possesses delocalized electrons. The two-dimensional aromaticity of planar monocyclic systems is governed by Hückel’s 4N + 2 rule, where N is the number of electrons. -
A Multicentre-Bonded &Lsqb
ARTICLE Received 8 May 2014 | Accepted 20 Jan 2015 | Published 23 Feb 2015 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7331 I A multicentre-bonded [Zn ]8 cluster with cubic aromaticity Ping Cui1,*, Han-Shi Hu2,*, Bin Zhao1, Jeffery T. Miller3, Peng Cheng1 & Jun Li2 Polynuclear zinc clusters [Znx](x42) with multicentred Zn–Zn bonds and þ 1 oxidation state zinc (that is, zinc(I) or ZnI) are to our knowledge unknown in chemistry. Here we report I 12 À the polyzinc compounds with an unusual cubic [Zn 8(HL)4(L)8] (L ¼ tetrazole dianion) I cluster core, composed of zinc(I) ions and short Zn–Zn bonds (2.2713(19) Å). The [Zn 8]- bearing compounds possess surprisingly high stability in air and solution. Quantum chemical 1 I studies reveal that the eight Zn 4s electrons in the [Zn 8] cluster fully occupy four bonding molecular orbitals and leave four antibonding ones entirely empty, leading to an extensive electron delocalization over the cube and significant stabilization. The bonding pattern of the cube represents a class of aromatic system that we refer to as cubic aromaticity, which follows a 6n þ 2 electron counting rule. Our finding extends the aromaticity concept to cubic metallic systems, and enriches Zn–Zn bonding chemistry. 1 Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. 2 Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. -
First-Row Transition Metal Complexes of Dipyrrinato Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization
First-Row Transition Metal Complexes of Dipyrrinato Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Scharf, Austin Bennett. 2013. First-Row Transition Metal Complexes of Dipyrrinato Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11169796 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA ©2013 – Austin B. Scharf All rights reserved. Dissertation Adviser: Professor Theodore A. Betley Austin B. Scharf First-Row Transition Metal Complexes of Dipyrrinato Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization Abstract A library of variously-substituted dipyrrins and their first-row transition metal (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) complexes have been synthesized, and the effects of peripheral substituents on the spectroscopic, electrochemical, and structural properties of both the free-base dipyrrins and their metal complexes has been explored. The optical and electrochemical properties of the free dipyrrins follow systematic trends; with the introduction of electron-withdrawing substituents in the 2-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 8-positions of the dipyrrin, bathochromic shifts in the absorption spectra are observed, oxidation becomes more difficult, and reduction becomes more facile. Similar effects are seen for iron(II) dipyrrinato complexes, where peripheral substitution of the dipyrrinato ligand induces red-shifts in the absorption spectra and increases the oxidation potential of the bound iron. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Personal Information Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden Str. Pascani Nr.8, Bl 728A, Sc.B, Et.4, Ap.52, Bucharest, Romania +40751507779 [email protected] http://www.patlab.ro Date of birth: 16.07.1969 | Nationality: Romanian Maiden name: Stefan PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 1.03.2007 - present Professor, Senior Researcher I, Head of Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB. Research, Director and coordinator of national and international projects, manager of the laboratory, mentor for young researchers. 01.03.2015 – 01.07.2016 Scientific director, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Management of research activities. 15.12.2013 - present Professor at University Politehnica of Bucharest, for coordination of PhD students Coordination of PhD students 1.01.2006- 31.08.2006 Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry and Bioanalysis University of Pretoria , Pretoria (South Africa) Education – supervisor for MSc, PhD and postdoc students. Coordinator for chemistry lectures at 2nd year level, lectures and practical activities on all levels I, II, III, IV(Hons). Research – leader of research group on bioanalysis and enatioanalysis in the fields of clinical, environmental and pharmaceutical analysis. Management – member of the Committee of Research in the Department of Chemistry. Mentor for young researchers for research programs offered by University of Pretoria and Royal Society of Chemistry. 1.01.2001 – 31.12.2005 Senior Lecturer of Analytical Chemistry and Bioanalysis University of Pretoria, Pretoria (South Africa) Education – lecture at the 1st, 2nd and 4th (Hons) year levels, promoter for MSc and PhD students, external evaluator for PhD thesis. Research – in the fields of pharmaceutical, biomedical analysis, environment, and flow systems. -
Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Polynuclear Bismuth Compounds – Dimers, Clusters, Molecular Self-Assemblies and Polyhedral Cage Molecules
INAUGURAL – DISSERTATION zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Naturwissenschaftlich-Mathematischen Gesamtfakultät der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg vorgelegt von Kirill Yu. Monakhov (M.Sc.) aus Moskau, Russland Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 2. Juli 2010 Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Polynuclear Bismuth Compounds – Dimers, Clusters, Molecular Self-Assemblies and Polyhedral Cage Molecules Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerald Linti Prof. Dr. Hans-Jörg Himmel Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in der Zeit von November 2007 bis Mai 2010 am Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg unter Anleitung von Herrn Prof. Dr. Gerald Linti durchgeführt. Meinen Eltern und Großeltern, meinem Bruder, Mariam und ihrer Mutter Irène gewidmet «Die wahre Wissenschaft und das wahre Studium des Menschen ist der Mensch» Pierre Charron, »Le traité de la sagesse« List of Publications Following topics of this thesis are prepared to be published: 11. Aromaticity of indium and bismuth cluster compounds. G. Linti, K. Yu. Monakhov, M. Bühler, T. Zessin, Graduate College 850 Book 2010, manuscript in preparation. 10. Molecular self-assemblies based on (C5Me5)BiX2 units (X = halogen): synthesis, X-ray crystal structures and quantum chemical study. K. Yu. Monakhov, T. Zessin, G. Linti, manuscript in preparation. 9. Seven-vertex cage cluster Bi4[μ3-Fe(CO)3]3 with π-coordinated aromatic ligands and inverted sandwich behavior in the crystal. K. Yu. Monakhov, T. Zessin, G. Linti, manuscript in preparation. Following topics of this thesis have been published during the doctorate period: 8. Cubane-like bismuth-iron cluster: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and theoretical 4– characterization of [Bi4Fe8(CO)28] anion. K. Yu. Monakhov, T. -
NBO Applications, 2008
NBO 2008 (Jan-Dec) - 910 references Compiled by Emily Wixson; Updated by Ariel Neff 4/16/13 Adalsteinsson, H.; Debusschere, B. J.; Long, K. R.; Najm, H. N. Components for atomistic-to-continuum multiscale modeling of flow in micro- and nanofluidic systems Scientific Programming, (16): 297-313 2008. Adcock, W.; Trout, N. A. Diastereofacial selectivity in some 4-substituted (X) 2-adamantyl derivatives: electronic versus steric effects Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, (21): 68-72 2008. Agapito, F.; Nunes, P. A.; Costa Cabral, B. J.; Borges dos Santos, R. A.; Martinho Simoes, J. A. Energetic differences between the five- and six-membered ring hydrocarbons: Strain energies in the parent and radical molecules Journal of Organic Chemistry, (73): 6213-6223 2008. Aguilar-Castro, L.; Tlahuextl, M.; Mendoza-Huizar, L. H.; Tapia-Benavides, A. R.; Tlahuext, H. Hydrogen bond studies in substituted N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[(4- methylbenzenesulfonyl)amino]acetamides Arkivoc: 210-226 2008. Alajarin, M.; Cabrera, J.; Pastor, A.; Sanchez-Andrada, P.; Bautista, D. Polar hetero-Diels-alder reactions of 4-alkenylthiazoles with 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones: An experimental and computational study Journal of Organic Chemistry, (73): 963-973 2008. Albertin, G.; Antoniutti, S.; Baldan, D.; Castro, J.; Garcia-Fontan, S. Preparation of benzyl azide complexes of iridium(III) Inorganic Chemistry, (47): 742-748 2008. Alcoba, D. R.; Ona, O. Determination of energies and electronic densities of functional groups according to partitionings in the physical space Journal of Physical Chemistry A, (112): 10023-10028 2008. Alia, J. D.; Vlaisavljevich, B. Prediction of molecular properties including symmetry from quantum-based molecular structural formulas, VIF Journal of Physical Chemistry A, (112): 9784-9795 2008. -
Electronic Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Electronic Delocalization of Organic and Inorganic Systems with Three-Dimensional Or Excited State Aromaticity
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, CHEMICAL BONDING, AND ELECTRONIC DELOCALIZATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SYSTEMS WITH THREE-DIMENSIONAL OR EXCITED STATE AROMATICITY Ouissam El Bakouri El Farri Per citar o enllaçar aquest document: Para citar o enlazar este documento: Use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565444 ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. -
Amphiphilic Fullerenes for Biomedical and Optoelectronical Applications”
AMPHIPHILIC FULLERENES FOR BIOMEDICAL AND OPTOELECTRONICAL APPLICATIONS Den Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades vorgelegt von Patrick Witte aus Nürnberg Als Dissertation genehmigt von den Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 25.04.2008 Vorsitzender der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Eberhard Bänsch Erstberichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch Zweitberichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Tim Clark Meinem Doktorvater, Prof. Dr. A. Hirsch, gilt mein besonderer Dank für sein reges Interesse am Fortgang dieser Arbeit sowie für seine Anregungen und die Diskussionen mit ihm. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in der Zeit zwischen Dezember 2003 bis Dezember 2007 am Institut für Organische Chemie der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen- Nürnberg durchgeführt. Dedication FormyParentsandKati -Scienceisfacts; justashousesaremadeofstones,soissciencemadeoffacts; butapileofstonesisnotahouseandacollectionoffactsisnotnecessarilyscience HenriPoincare(1854-1912) Index of Abbreviations t Bu ................. tert-Butyl BAM . Brewster Angle Microscopy Boc ................ tert-Butoxycarbonyl CV ................. Cyclic Voltammetry DBU . 1,8-Diaza-bicyclo[5.4.0]undecen-7-en DCE . 1,2-Dichloroethane DCU ............... Dicyclohexylurea DMA . 9,10-Dimethylanthracene DMAP . 4-Dimethylaminopyridine DMSO . Dimethyl Sulfoxide dpf . Days Post Fertilization EA . Elemental Analysis EDC . 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Hydrochloride