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Assessment of Grassland Health Based on Spatial Inforation Technology in Changji Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang

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Assessment of Grassland Health Based on Spatial Inforation Technology in Changji Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XLII-3, 2018 ISPRS TC III Mid-term Symposium “Developments, Technologies and Applications in Remote Sensing”, 7–10 May, Beijing, China ASSESSMENT OF GRASSLAND HEALTH BASED ON SPATIAL INFORATION TECHNOLOGY IN CHANGJI AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE, XINJIANG MJ. DU 1, JH. Zheng1，2，3，*, C. Mu4 1 College of Resource and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumchi, China – [email protected] 2 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of Education, Shengli Road 666, Urumchi, China – [email protected] 3 Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumchi, China –[email protected] 4 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grassland Station, Yan'er Wo Road 618, Urumchi, China –[email protected] KEY WORDS: Health assessment, PSR model, RS technology, GIS technology, Entropy method ABSTRACT: Based on the ―pressure-state-response‖(PSR) model, comprehensively applied GIS and RS techniques, 20 evaluation indicators were selected based on pressure, state and response, the entropy weight method was used to determine the weight of each index and build a grassland health evaluation system in Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang. Based on this, evaluation and dynamic analysis of grassland health in Changji Prefecture from 2000 to 2016, using GIS/RS technology, the trend of grassland health status in Changji is analyzed and studied. The results show that: 1)Grassland with low health leveld, lower health level, sub-health level, health level and high health level accounts for 1.46%,27.67%,38.35%,29.21% and 3.31% of the total area of Changji. Qitai County, Hutubi County, and Manas County are lower health levels, Jimsar County, Changji City, and Mulei County are at a relatively high level, and Fukang City has a healthy level of health. 2) The level of grassland health in Changji County decreased slightly during the 17 years, accounting for 38.42% of the total area. The area of 23,87% showed a stable trend, and the improved area accounted for 37.31% of the vertical surface area.. 1. INTRODUCTION d to the original evaluation, and the breadth of evaluation was f urther sublimated (Usa N.C., 1969). The ―Man and Biosphere P Grassland is the largest ecosystem in China (Fu ZZ., 1996), the roject‖(MAB) that ended in the 1970s took the impact of distur status of grassland is of great significance to the development of bance factors on ecosystem effects as the main research content. animal husbandry, biodiversity conservation, soil and water co On this basis, disturbance factors were also considered into the nservation, and the maintenance of local ecological balance (Xi evaluation system (Concepts T., 1995). Until the 1980s, the UN e GD., 2001). In addition, the grassland also has a variety of soc Environment Committee put forward the concept of sustainable ial functions, the most common of which are economic and ecol development in the texts such as ―Protection of the Earth‖ and ogical service functions (Min QW., 2004). ―Our Common Future‖ and introduced this concept into the gra ssland health assessment system. This period grassland health th With the advancement of science and technology and people’s e concept began to emerge. In the subsequent 1990s, an evaluati increasing emphasis on grassland resources (Ren JZ., 2004), on system consisting of a combination of threshold and early wa Scholars elaborated on the scientific definition of grassland and rning indicators was highly praised by the National Advisory Ce emphasized the relevance of grassland and other factors, to nter and the Grassland Management Working Group (West N.E., some extent overcome the limitations and bottlenecks in the 1994; Walker J., 1996; Pakeman R.J., 2010; Costanza R., 1997; study (Zhao YL., 2008; Zhao XL., 2008; Shan GL., 2008). Pellant M., 2005). Compared with the research progress abroad, Human activities have become the largest disturbance factor in domestic and grassland health related research started late, mos grassland ecosystems (Cai XM., 2000). Grassland is an tly introducing and improving foreign exiting research and relat important carbon stock in ecosystems, quantitative qualitative ed evaluation model construction forms. Li Bo proposed China monitoring of them helps to properly manage grassland based on grassland type succession built northern grassland deg resources and to take appropriate remedial measures in case of radation grading index system (Li B., 1997). Since then, Hao D sudden disasters. Therefore, the study of grassland ecosystem unyuan and Liu Zhongling have carried out more than 10 years health emerged. of research on the degradation and diagnosis of grassland vegeta tion in 1997 and 1998 respectively, and in this basis, they have Grassland health assessment is a relatively late start research are achieved certain research results (Liu ZL., 1997; Liu ZL., 1998). a. Since James Hutton and the British ecologist Arthur Tansley In 2000, Ren Jizhou established the threshold of health evaluati proposed the concept of ―natural health‖ and ―ecosystem‖ in 17 on based on the interface theory (Ren JZ., 2000). In 2005, Gao 88 and 1935, respectively (Xiao FJ., 2002), more research based Anshe analysed the grassland health factors under different graz on this theory, the authors conducted a study on the structure a ing intensities and classified the evaluation results. The results nd function of the ecosystem. The American scholar Dyksterhui were in good agreement with the actual conditions (Liu ZL., 19 s first proposed the concept of the ―Range condition‖ in 1948, a 97). Due to the differences in the research objects and the chara nd further proposed the theory of the ―Range Site‖ in 1949 (Dy cteristics of the study area, the evaluation factors cannot be com ksterhuis E.J.,1949). In the 1960s, evaluation methods such as g pletely copied. Therefore, in the current stage of the evaluation razing use, grassland management, and wild animals were adde 1 Corresponding author：Email:[email protected] This contribution has been peer-reviewed. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-313-2018 | © Authors 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. 313 The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XLII-3, 2018 ISPRS TC III Mid-term Symposium “Developments, Technologies and Applications in Remote Sensing”, 7–10 May, Beijing, China process, more methods and models are used for reference and se lection of indicators. Meteorological and radiation data: average monthly temperature, monthly average precipitation and monthly average radiation. In view of the fact that animal husbandry is still the main econo mic model of Changji Grassland and lacks a certain degree of sc Social economic data: Originated from Xinjiang Statistical Year ientific management, the awareness of ecological protection of r book 2001-2017. esidents in pastoral areas needs to be strengthened and the impl ementation of policies has not yet been evaluated in the future. 3.2 Evaluation Model Therefore, the ecological health status of Changji Grassland nee ds to be implemented. According to the evaluation, this study se Grassland health assessment can characterize the status quo of g lected and evaluated the indicators in the existing literature, and rassland for sustainable and rational development. In order to ac formed an evaluation index system to evaluate the health status hieve a scientific evaluation of grassland health status, it must c of grassland in Changji Prefecture in June 2000-2016. omply with scientific, systematic, dominant, quantifiable and op erability criteria when selecting evaluation indicators. Standards, 2. RESEARCH AREA to ensure that indicators can be deleted at the beginning of the s election are simple and have sufficient scientific value, to achie Xinjiang Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture (herein referred t ve the evaluation index system, the evaluation results are reason o as Changji Prefecture) (Li TS., 2005; Chen XJ., 2004; Mu Nir able (Zhao CH., 2009; Chen MT., 2015; Xie XZ., 2013). e·Hui Hemu, 2017) is located in the north of the Tianshan Mou ntains, the south-eastern edge of the Junggar Basin, and its nort h-eastern is adjacent to Mongolia. It is a core city on the world-f amous ancient Silk Road, the new 5th North Road. Its geographi cal position occupies a strategic position in the development of t he western region and is one of the first areas in the developmen t of the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mo untains in Xinjiang. It is an important window opening to the w est of Xinjiang and Urumqi. The mountainous area of the area a ccounts for 22.7% of the whole area, and the desert gobi accoun ts for 52% of the whole area. Therefore, the area can be divided into three major landscape units: mountainous, plain and desert (Mu Nire·Hui Hemu, 2017). It belongs to the middle temperate zone and has prominent continental features. Figure 1.Location of Changji Prefecture 3. DATA AND METHODS Figure 2.Assessment index system of grassland health in Changji prefecture 3.1 Data Sources The PSR model has relatively few scientific applications to gras Remote Sensing Data: Remote Sensing data are sourced from th sland health (Zhao YT., 2016). In general, the evaluation using t e Geospatial Data Cloud (http://www.gscloud.cn/). The remote s he PSR model is based on a weighted sun of evaluation indicato ensing data used for research in Changji Prefecture is formed by rs to obtain a health assessment index, but based on the accumul 10 image mosaics to meet the continuous June-July 2000-2016 ation of previous studies. The simple weighted summation cann period. In the analysis and study, a total of 114 remote sensing i ot achieve the result of a true scientific evaluation. Therefore, th mages were used.
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