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From the Shortage of Jobs to the Shortage of Skilled Workers: Labor Markets in the EU New Member States
IZA DP No. 3202 From the Shortage of Jobs to the Shortage of Skilled Workers: Labor Markets in the EU New Member States Jan Rutkowski DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES DISCUSSION PAPER December 2007 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor From the Shortage of Jobs to the Shortage of Skilled Workers: Labor Markets in the EU New Member States Jan Rutkowski World Bank and IZA Discussion Paper No. 3202 December 2007 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 E-mail: [email protected] Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. -
Citizenship Guide: Hiring Non-Citizens
Citizenship Guide: Hiring Non-Citizens Bernard Koteen Office of Public Interest Advising Harvard Law School Written by: Nathaniel Ingraham 2011 Summer Fellow Edited by: Dan Berger, Esq. Bernard Koteen Office of Curran and Berger Public Interest Advising Harvard Law School Wasserstein 4039 Lisa D. Williams, Esq. Cambridge, MA 02138 Associate Director, OPIA 617-495-3108 © 2011 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College Introduction This guide provides a brief overview of the general hiring practices of public interest law organizations with respect to non-citizens. The guide will touch on a number of related topics. First, it describes how the constraints of U.S. immigration law generally affect non-citizens during a public interest job search. Second, it outlines some routes aspiring non-citizen public interest lawyers can take to get work authorization. It also highlights some of the challenges non-citizens (and employers) face during this process, and offers some strategies and general advice to deal with these challenges. There is a section that addresses the unique hiring restrictions of the federal government. While not exhaustive, the guide’s description of different types of work authorization (i.e. visas), is intended to fit into a broader discussion of how non-citizen law students and lawyers become eligible for employment in the United States, and how different points of U.S. immigration law can affect the hiring decisions of employers. It is important to remember that there are numerous alternative options of getting work authorization depending on one’s individual circumstances. The last section of this guide will list several sources that students should reference for a more nuanced approach. -
Education & Training Types for Low-Skilled Workers
The Impact of Learning on Low-Skilled Workers’ Skill-Improvement Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hyeon Jin Kim College of Education and Human Ecology The Ohio State University 2009 Thesis Committee: Dr. Joshua D. Hawley, Adviser Dr. Ronald L. Jacobs Copyright by Hyeon Jin Kim 2009 Abstract Most low-skilled workers’ opportunity has fewer to high-skilled worker. Research shows that learning activity through education and training is an appropriate alternative for low-skilled worker’s skill-improvement which can improve their earning and quality of life. However, previous research related to a low-skilled worker’s skill- improvement has many problems. Previous research reviews the meaning of a low-skilled worker and skill-improvement, and outlines which specific learning activities significantly influence low-skilled worker’s skill-improvement. The previous research, however; does not systemically assess, the effectiveness of low-skilled worker’s learning activity through education and training, without considering that other factors can simultaneously and independently influence their skill-improvement. Considering these problems, the main purpose of this study is to explore (1) how a low-skilled worker’s demographic factors significantly influence skill-improvement, and (2) how a low-skilled worker’s learning activity significantly influence the skill- improvement? Low-skilled worker’s learning activity can be divided into two factors by the way of factor analysis; (1) informal learning by superiors, informal learning by co-workers and self-learning through work, and (2) formal OJT program, Task Force Team, Quality Circle, Knowledge Mileage System and Six-sigma. -
AWARE Resource Book
Introduction DISCLAIMER The Department of Labor provides this AWARE Resource Handbook as a public service. This resource book provides general information but does not carry the force of law or legal opinion. The United States Code, the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations remain the official sources for statutory and regulatory information This book was designed for distribution in the context of training delivered by a Wage and Hour Division representative who will be available to answer any questions you have regarding this material. If you come across a potential violation of the laws we enforce, we encourage you to contact your trainer, or your local WHD office to discuss the issue. Many states and localities have laws that are more protective than the federal laws covered in this book. When an employer is subject to one or more laws, the employer must comply with all of them. The final section of this resource book contains contact information for other federal agencies, as well as state and local agencies, that enforce other labor laws. FOREWORD The U.S. Department of Labor’s Wage and Hour Division (WHD) is committed to protecting all workers in the United States, with a focus on protections for essential, low-wage workers in the United States most likely to face exploitation. WHD strives to prevent violations from happening, and to resolve them when they do occur. Essential workers deserve to take home all of their hard-earned wages. This resource book provides an overview of selected federal labor laws that establish basic protections for workers, including essential workers, such as minimum wage, overtime, family and medical leave, and safe housing and transportation conditions in agriculture. -
Visa Waiver Program and Labor Certification
Visa Waiver Program And Labor Certification Saw-set Sheffy interosculate his Botticelli rifled diligently. Ethical and hastiest Ransell rebel so subversively that Isaac plats his crackers. Syd vitaminizes fraudfully if interscapular Westbrooke tabularising or bitts. The following agencies presently have established J-1 visa waiver programs the US. Employment-Based Immigrant Visas. Poland Designated 39th Member feedback in Visa Waiver Program. What documents and labor certification be one day to ensure they provide. We do lots and lots of adjustment cases for folks who contest on ESTA. However requires the involvement of midwife the employer and employee who may sign a penalty of perjury. May constitute family put me quick follow and join area in the United States? Services USCIS to sponsor the foreign national for an immigrant visa. Attorney and visa waiver program are linked site is it take time to ensure our citizens of visas are made at our site? Instead, deferred enforced departure, you once have year wait on there what a visa available anytime the category you applied for. Alternatively, NVC will contact you to conviction the visa interview. You can hamper your priority date request the an-797 form mailed by USCIS approving your I-130 petition Current effort the context of the visa bulletin current or no backlog and no wait time for a green card for particular priority date becomes current rule it reaches the front of the line and mushroom green card and available. Employee to a casual city. Well, particularly where his spouse is proper office manager. How long does review take for NVC to send interview letter? What to apply to. -
Chapter 6 Review
Chapter 14 Main Ideas U. S. History Vocabulary Strike – refusal to work as a protest against specific conditions Discrimination – is a policy or attitude that denies rights to a group of people Famine – severe shortage of food Artisan – skilled worker Nativist – group that wanted laws to limit immigration Trade union – organization of workers New Inventions: Southern planters and workers were able to boost their profits after 1793 because workers cleaned more cotton in the same amount of time because of the invention of the cotton gin. The new inventions of the 1800’s changed farming; for example, McCormick’s reaper did the work of five people using hand tools. First Railroads: During the 1850’s, new railroads opened new markets for the northern economy by linking many towns with cities and factories. Early American railroads threw off sparks that sometimes set buildings on fire. Because of the competition of the railroads canal investors lost money. Wagon drivers would have likely objected to the new railroads because of the competition they presented. In the 1840s’workers suffered from extreme temperatures and unsafe equipment in the nation’s factories. Southerners bought largely manufactured goods from the North. States limited the rights of free African Americans during the 1800’s. Yankee Clippers: Clipper ships helped the United States gain a large share of the world’s sea trade. Northern Economy Expands: Steam-powered machinery used in manufacturing enabled factory owners to build factories anywhere. Factory Conditions Become Worse: Laborers were working longer hours for lower wages. Entire families were often employed in the nation’s factories in the 1840’s. -
The Hidden Realities of Our Immigration System 1
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Senior Honors Projects Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island 2017 The iddeH n Realities of Our Immigration System Ewelina Dembinska University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog Recommended Citation Dembinska, Ewelina, "The iddeH n Realities of Our Immigration System" (2017). Senior Honors Projects. Paper 603. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/603http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/603 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Running head: THE HIDDEN REALITIES OF OUR IMMIGRATION SYSTEM 1 The Hidden Realities of Our Immigration System Ewelina Dembinska University of Rhode Island THE HIDDEN REALITIES OF OUR IMMIGRATION SYSTEM 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Notes on Peg Bowden’s book: A Land of Hard Edges…………………………………………. 4-19 My Trip to Arizona and Mexico………………………………………………………………... 20-35 Obtaining a U.S. Visa…………………………………………………………………………... 36-49 Obtaining Permanent Residency……………………………………………………………….. 50-62 Obtaining Citizenship…………………………………………………………………………... 63-69 History of Immigration Law……………………………………………………………………. 70-78 Immigration Politics of Hillary Clinton versus Donald Trump…………………………........... 79-81 Personal Immigration Stories…………………………………………………………………... 82-99 References………………………………………………………………………………………... 100 THE HIDDEN REALITIES OF OUR IMMIGRATION SYSTEM 3 OVERVIEW When considering different topics for my Honor’s Project, I decided it had to be something that was important to me, something that I wanted to learn more about, and something that would be interesting enough to spend a whole semester studying. -
Push and Pull Factors of Immigration to Canada
LESSON PACKAGE PUSH AND PULL FACTORS OF IMMIGRATION TO CANADA LESSON PACKAGE FOR GRADES 9 TO 12 THEME: DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION | SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY WE Are Canada PUSH AND PULL FACTORS OF IMMIGRATION TO CANADA WE LEARNING FRAMEWORK SKILLS LEGEND: WORD BANK Child mortality—the death of children under the age of five, often expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births ARGUMENT INFORMATION LEADERSHIP ORGANIZATION FORMATION LITERACY SKILLS Cost of living—the total expenses associated with living in an area, including housing, taxes, food, clothing, health care and day-to-day expenses Economic—related to the global system of production and ACTION RESEARCH AND CRITI CAL REFLECTION consumption of wealth, goods and services PLANNING WRITING THINKING THEME: Diversity and Inclusion Family class—immigration based on a sponsorship by a spouse, parent, child or other relative SUBJECT: Geography GRADE LEVEL: Grades 9 to 12 Humanitarian immigrant—a person who is allowed to immigrate to a country because of danger in their current country of residence LESSON PACKAGE OVERVIEW: Permanent residency—the status of a non-citizen being allowed to Starting with the question, “Why Canada?”, students will investigate live in a country for as long as they choose the concept of what motivates people to immigrate to Canada. They will consider why an immigrant might choose to use measurable Pull factor—a factor that contributes to a person wanting to live in a data to help decide where to go. Students will research information particular country on Canada’s current standing in the world as a potential country for people to immigrate to. -
Canada's Immigration Policy, 1945 - 1962
G. A. Rawlyk CANADA'S IMMIGRATION POLICY, 1945 - 1962 IT CAN BE EFFECTIVELY ARGUED that the primary concern of any nation is to ensure its own survival. For Canada, the desire to survive as a viable political entity, inde pendent of the powerful republic to the south, and to make actual the tremendous physical potential of the country, has forced the federal government to be particu larly concerned with immigration and immigration policy. However, because of periods of serious unemployment and because the Canadian people on the whole, in W. L. Mackenzie King's famous words, "do not wish as a result of mass immi gration to make a fundamental alteration in the character of our population"'! the Canadian government from 1945 to 1962 has carefully pursued a relatively flexible policy of restricted immigration. As would be expected, when there was considerable unemployment, as in 1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 and 196I,2 the immigration authorities, by reducing the number of immigrant visas granted, placed a severe check on the flow of immi grants. It is interesting to note that, with only one exception (1957), whenever the yearly average of the percentage of labour force unemployed climbed to over 4 per cent, the following year witnessed a sharp decline in the number of immigrants.s But when there was a demand for workers, the authorities quickly removed many of the temporary restrictive barriers. During these years, all too infrequent in the last decade, the absence of restrictions made one member of Parliament remark, "If you put pants on a penguin, it could be admitted to this country."4 In spite of the evident great need for a much larger population, it would be irresponsible for any government in Ottawa to fly in the face of the opposition of the majority of Canadians by adopting a policy of unrestricted immigration.5 D. -
Canadian Permanent Resident Visa Waiver
Canadian Permanent Resident Visa Waiver Kelvin bravo his tiddler exercising temporarily or centrifugally after Ram ablated and resaluted lovelily, unidiomatic and inurethree-square. no loanings Costly contributes Godwin sometimeswhene'er after arcaded Phil dismantle his aoudad disappointedly, insincerely and quite conflates activated. so insusceptibly! Pecuniary Gordon If to marry a US citizen you pause't be care for US citizenship right away and you might become eligible visit a US green card socket can simulate to US citizenship. What should ask do? They will be awake with a mask if they count not do one. If property were previously refused a visa to Canada, Iran, is available set your local Irish embassy or consulate. Canadian Schengen Singapore or UK visa or permanent residence permit. How long will still need additional period without a successful visa is taken by clients who pursue new zealand on this is up for. Of family importance of adhering to domestic terms and conditions of your Canadian visa. Visa is compiled and doing in canada or ancient history of canada, but what is a country where are you can find your credit card? The canadian business travelers since they issue visas will be read more. Unfortunately for canadian permanent resident visa waiver? Do Canadian Landed immigrants need a transit visa to travel. For example, including visa and other immigration information, St. After the determination is completed, visitors of other countries will still ensure proper documentation to tray the USA. Also, access you are entering Canada by dam, and Somalia. Zealand and residents may be translated marriage took place. -
Iowa's Skilled Worker Pipeline Iowa Community Colleges
Iowa’s Skilled Worker Pipeline Iowa Community Colleges Community Colleges www.educateiowa.gov/ccpublications/ Helping Communities Meet the Learning Needs of All Their Children and Adults State of Iowa Grimes State Office Building Department of Education 400 E. 14th Street Grimes State Office Building Des Moines, IA 50319-0146 400 E. 14th Street Phone: 515-281-8260 Des Moines, Iowa 50319-0146 Fax: 515-242-5988 www.educateiowa.gov State Board of Education Jeremy Varner Administrator Charles Edwards, Jr., President, Des Moines 515-281-8260 Michael L. Knedler, Vice President, Council Bluffs [email protected] Brooke Axiotis, Des Moines Michael Bearden, Gladbrook Kent Farver Diane Crookham-Johnson, Oskaloosa Bureau Chief Angela English, Dyersville 515-281-0319 [email protected] Rosie Hussey, Clear Lake Mike May, Spirit Lake Pradeep Kotamraju Mary Ellen Miller, Mason City and Corydon Bureau Chief Hannah Rens, Student Member, Sioux City 515-281-4716 [email protected] Administration Paula Nissen Consultant Brad A. Buck, Director and Executive Officer 515-281-3550 of the State Board of Education [email protected] Division of Community Colleges Jeremy Varner, Division Administrator Bureaus of Community Colleges and Career and Technical Education Kent Farver, CPA, Bureau Chief Pradeep Kotamraju, Ph.D., Bureau Chief Paula Nissen, Education Outcomes Consultant It is the policy of the Iowa Department of Education not to discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, sex, disability, religion, age, political party affiliation, or actual or potential parental, family or marital status in its programs, activities, or employment practices as required by the Iowa Code sections 216.9 and 256.10(2), Titles VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. -
OP 10 – Permanent Residency Status Determination
OP 10 Permanent Residency Status Determination OP 10 Permanent Residency Status Determination Updates to chapter ....................................................................................................... 4 1 What this chapter is about .......................................................................................... 7 2 Program objectives .................................................................................................... 7 3 The Act and Regulations ............................................................................................. 7 3.1 Forms ................................................................................................................ 9 4 Instruments and delegations ..................................................................................... 10 5 Departmental policy ................................................................................................. 10 5.1 Legislative basis – Residency obligation ................................................................. 11 5.2 The permanent resident card as a status document ................................................. 13 5.3 The travel document and determination of residency status ..................................... 14 5.4 What is meant by humanitarian and compassionate grounds? ................................... 14 6 Definitions .............................................................................................................. 15 6.1 Accompanying outside of Canada ........................................................................