Naval Postgraduate School Annual Report 2011 “This is a special place for me. And in many ways, it’s coming home. I am very proud of the Naval Postgraduate School … proud of its mission and proud of its dedication to protecting this country.”

The Honorable Leon Panetta U.S. Secretary of Defense August 23, 2011

he mission of the Naval Postgraduate School is to provide high- Tquality, relevant and unique advanced education and research programs that increase the combat effectiveness of the Naval services, other Armed Forces of the U.S. and our partners, to enhance our national security.

Annual Report 2011

2011 NPS Annual Report 3 AGILE TRANSFORMATIONAL COLLEGIAL RELEVANT

4 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 5 INNOVATIVE FLEXIBLE VALUED STRATEGIC

6 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 7 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE PROVOST’S MESSAGE

Capturing the essence of the Naval Postgraduate Throughout my more than 30 years in academia, School with just a few powerful words on the I have held firm to a handful of invaluable truths introductory pages of this report is a challenging and guiding principles that are paramount to the task. And sensibly so, for I can think of no other execution of education at any collegiate level. place where the rigor and purpose of military culture have been so intimately intertwined with classic, Perhaps at the top of this list is the undeniable fact high-level academia. that your educational programs are only as powerful as the faculty who teach them. Regardless of subject, So many of our programs are educational offerings ultimately, it is our faculty who are the masters of unlike any others in the world. Our footprint in NPS’ deliverables. Critical educational programs operations research, for example, is historical, in national security’s most relevant fields, and significant, and easily one of the best in the world; cutting-edge research with direct application to fleet, our homeland security degrees were the first field and global security, are the hallmarks of our ever offered in the nation; and now our upcoming institution. But these invaluable efforts, that prove energy science, technology and policy programs will our worth every day, would be without substance and answer immediate needs for the Navy and Marine transformational power without the visionaries on Corps. But our efforts cannot be contained to our our Academic Quad who guide them. beautiful campus in Monterey, for our mission is far too important not to share this knowledge with our Another of these transcendent principles is that nation, and the world. your students are your best ambassadors. This is certainly true at every collegiate level, and ours is This past year was one of great accomplishment no exception. But the reasons our students tout and challenge, success and enduring effort – within our programs are rooted in the capabilities that we the pages of this publication live just a handful of provided them. Like any educational experience, it examples. They are stories of how the men and is not about the specific subject matter, but rather women of our institution persist with fervent drive the changes that being challenged make in the to succeed in their given missions of education and individuals overall. We are fortunate to have many research, and how the products of those efforts ambassadors expounding our worth, and they do so apply those successes beyond our institution, in the because their education at the Naval Postgraduate world. School prepared them to lead, and excel.

That world is one where young men and women in And finally, one simple truth that crosses all uniform across every ocean and continent – through boundaries of profession, is that passion drives land, sea, air, space and cyberspace – passionately resolve. Regardless of where we make our impact, fight to protect the security and prosperity of our whether it is in leading the charge in cyber and nation, and their own nations. I cannot overstate efficient energy education and research, or building the value with which I hold our calling to educate nation capacity in our partners across the globe, our the future leadership of the defense establishment. students, faculty, researchers, staff and so many And I am proud to say this calling is the driving force others do so because it is their passion. behind all our singular successes, and individual efforts. Within this review of our 2011 calendar year, you will see examples of each of these – faculty who With this, I encourage you to read ahead … to command our education and research efforts with continue on, and learn more about the Naval an impressive collective resumé of scholarly clout; Postgraduate School and our challenges, successes and students both past and present who leave and hopes for the future. Learn more about the our campus in Monterey as changed individuals, individuals who have driven these efforts to succeed prepared to perform, lead and drive change. And in this past year, and the people who will be you will see with all of them a consistent resolute answering the calls of challenge in our coming years. commitment that can only come from the possession of passion for what you do. As those few words on the previous pages hope to illuminate, ours is indeed a unique institution, and At the Naval Postgraduate School, we are asked to one that is truly worth sharing with the world. do something quite significant – to create leaders of thought, and it is something we would not be able to accomplish without long standing principles of guidance and truth.

Daniel T. Oliver, Dr. Leonard A. Ferrari, President Executive Vice President and Provost

8 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 9 rganizations of all size and scope, end of its current strategic plan in 2012, Oeven individuals for that matter, university President Dan Oliver recognized certainly know that you must have a plan a need to examine our future environment, to be successful. And like a detailed map to tap into the collective expertise of guiding a determined soul through a jungle key leadership throughout the university Your of peril and strife, that plan can only be and defense enterprise. With this, the useful if it is built upon a foundation of Committee on the Future was chartered. information – analyses and critical details about every facet of your environment, and Chaired by retired Rear Admiral Jerry Ellis Map,Sir everything that has or will have an impact on and encompassing a diverse collection you now and into the future. of forward-thinking individuals from NPS, local DoD, higher education institutions Like all educational institutions that and business, the committee’s mandate undertake the affirmative process of was to develop that foundation of critical accreditation understand, only through information – to create a picture of the intricate detail and exhaustive examination future of national security, its trends and can an organization truly be prepared to needs, the intricate details that will allow progress into the future. In 2011, NPS the university to position itself to serve this completed its most recent reaccreditation, future. The committee charged forward, receiving for the second time in a row, the holding interviews with service chiefs full 10-year term. But as multifarious as and the chairman of the joint chiefs, flag reaccreditation is, in order to utilize it for officers of every rank, senior Pentagon effective strategic planning, this detailed officials, industry and academic leaders, institutional analysis requires an additional and so many others. investigation of the broader environment around it to complete the topography In the end, hundreds of pages of notes, necessary for truly seeing the future. interviews, analysis and detail were condensed into a single piece … a map, if The Naval Postgraduate School has long you will, of the Naval Postgraduate School’s recognized this. In fact, at NPS, strategic future environment. And with that map, the planning is more than institutional, it’s university will set upon its course in 2012, cultural. As the university approaches the honoring its culture of strategic planning.

“In getting access to some of the senior-most leadership in the Department of Defense and other government agencies, we were able to hear their comments and thoughts, but we were also able to give them our thoughts and comments on the Naval Postgraduate School – what we are working on, what we see as important, and what we think we need to work on in the future.” Rear Adm. Jerry Ellis, (Ret.) NPS Undersea Warfare Chair Chair, Committee on the Future

10 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 11 ost universities determine their For a recent class project in one of his mworth, in part, by the achievements early oR classes, Coté and fellow Marine of their students – the Naval Postgraduate Maj. tom Dono applied a minimum cost- School is certainly no different. And judging maximum fl ow algorithm to the distribution our institution by these criteria puts us in of fi re fi ghting assets for the local Monterey very high regard, for our students have Fire Department, validating the cost- already been leading young men and women effective and response-effi cient dispersal across the services in efforts of critical of assets required for fi re protection across national security – signifi cant achievements much of the local area – something that before even stepping a foot upon campus. was well-received by local fi re offi cials. We can’t wait to see what his thesis will over the course of this past year, there uncover. are a number of students who have made tremendous marks for themselves, and Coté is indicative of many NPS students, their services – academically, professionally whose character simply drives them to do and personally. Marine Corps Capt. David more than what is required, to achieve Coté, for example, could perhaps serve as greatness academically, professionally and a model for all three of these. Coté, who personally. A few others … Doctoral student was chosen by the “Marine Corps times” as Air Force Maj. Paul Brister, for example, their 2011 Marine of the Year, is a student had the rare honor of serving as editor in the university’s operations Research (oR) on a journal for the Council on emerging curriculum – one of the most challenging at National Security Affairs. lt. Scott Huchton, NPS and widely regarded as one of the top with two NPS faculty, co-wrote the winning oR programs in the world. entry for Best Unclassifi ed Paper award at the 2011 Military Communications expo. Coté was selected Marine of the Year for And two Army students from the Defense a number of reasons … He is a tireless Analysis program were widely praised for advocate for homeless veterans’ charities; their quick actions in stabilizing a shark he is active in helping young Marines take attack victim at nearby Marina State advantage of education with their GI Bill Beach. benefi ts; and he’s a volunteer with the National Kidney Foundation – he is, himself, So if universities are indeed judged by the a donor. And with the rigor and challenge of achievement of their students, the moral the studies Coté is now immersed in, you value, intelligence and character of those The BesT is would think he might focus on himself for 1,500 plus men and women at the Naval just a moment. But it would appear that is Postgraduate School would indeed seem not in his character. to rank this institution near the very top of noT enough the list.

“All Marines have passions, or causes that really energize them and excite them, what’s important is that we answer that calling. the response might take different forms, but we are all instruments for achieving something bigger.” Capt. David Coté operations Research (’13) “Marine Corps times” 2011 Marine of the Year

12 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 13 but checkpoint detectable, chemical taggants in tactical “the Naval Postgraduate School is the anchor for our The world is locations that would stick to the enemy if they were advanced education in the Navy, and in many ways, the somewhere they weren’t supposed to be, such as setting military. the exchange of ideas, the exposure to a broader a roadside explosive. Snyder, on the other hand, saw the perspective, to technology and research is absolutely vital UAS as an opportunity to deliver counterfi re to confuse for our young offi cers, both ours as well as the international our classroom enemy snipers. through the university’s active Field offi cers who are here … NPS taught me how to frame very experimentation program, both students have advanced diffi cult problems, how to look at big challenges in different he united States Navy is our nation’s “Global Force for December of 2011, Stanton was part of an international their ideas from thought, to prototype, to experimentation. ways … It was the total experience that taught me what TGood.” And to educate the leadership of that force, an team of scientists who travelled to the other end of the education was all about.” institution had better be prepared to offer a global education earth to study undersea melting of the Pine Island Glacier in But perhaps the greatest occurrence of global perspective fi t for an ever-shrinking world. Students at the Naval Antarctica. happens every day, by the students themselves. In any given Adm. Michael G. Mullen, (Ret.) Postgraduate School are afforded this opportunity, both classroom, on any given day, a collective of u.S. servicemen operations Research (‘85) physically and intellectually. With operational, worldwide fl eet and fi eld experience, and women engages in conversation with their counterparts Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 2007–2011 students apply an unprecedented knowledge set to the from around the world. From Germany to Greece, turkey to Navy lts. Brandon Schmidt and George Suh, undersea research projects they undertake during their time at NPS. tanzania, Brazil to Bahrain, and Singapore to the Sudan Warfare and Meteorology/oceanography students Marine Corps Capts. Dino Cooper and Derek Snyder have – the campus of the Naval Postgraduate School teams respectively, travelled to the frozen panorama that is the extensive experience with unmanned Air Systems (uAS) with rich, global perspectives, shared through the open Arctic circle in March to participate in Ice exercise (ICeX) in the fi eld, and were well prepared to tackle their own collective of academia. In total, more than 40 nations were 2011. Schmidt and Suh spent two weeks in the frigid questions during their studies in the Systems engineering represented on campus this past year, indeed bringing the climate using an advanced sensor package developed by curriculum. using an existing, operational platform, both world to our classroom. oceanography Professor tim Stanton to understand how students saw valuable mission sets that were not being undersea mountain ‘keels’ melt ice from below. And in realized. Cooper sought to use the uAS to deliver invisible,

14 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 15 oing green is certainly an important oil acquired from unstable or dangerous gand worthwhile endeavor – countries, but also to protect the men environmental stewardship has far exceeded and women in theater. Fuel convoys are its once fad-like status and simply become frequently targeted on the battlefi eld, and a part of our national consciousness and as Mabus noted, the cost of one Marine culture. injured or killed for every 50 fuel convoys is energy securiTy is inexcusably too high. the Naval Postgraduate School has a long-standing history in environmental But in order to accomplish these goals – to naTional securiTy stewardship, but has also been actively create wholesale change in the way the researching energy from a defense Navy and Marine Corps use energy; the perspective for some time. With recent way they evaluate and acquire technology, graduates pioneering the establishment equipment and calculate life cycle costs; of the Marine Corps expeditionary energy and how they integrate alternative fuels Offi ce, and current students analyzing the into existing assets – the Secretary is going life-cycle costs of rechargeable vs. standard to need leadership. And for this, he turned batteries, energy and defense are not to the Naval Postgraduate School. disparate concept at NPS. During a campus visit in August, Mabus energy security has indeed become a announced the development of new national security priority, one that Secretary educational initiatives at NPS that would of the Navy Ray Mabus has been determined help produce those very leaders. under to address. Upon assuming offi ce in 2009, development are dedicated short-track Mabus made it quite clear that his Navy educational programs focused on energy and Marine Corps would not be handcuffed science and technology, and energy policy by the vulnerability that is dependence on and strategy. In addition, an executive fossil fuels. He announced fi ve extremely energy series is also in development, aggressive energy initiatives that would creating immersive, two-week short forever change the way his services acquire courses on topical issues in the realm of and use sources of energy. energy security.

And when he outlined these initiatives, Indeed, energy security is national security, Mabus explained that his ambitious goals and that makes it mission-essential at the were not just about reducing the amount of Naval Postgraduate School.

“energy is not just an issue for the future – and not just for the present either – nor just [for] the young offi cers and policy experts that make up NPS’ student population. It is an issue for all the levels, every level of the Navy and Marine Corps, uniform and civilian … NPS will ensure that energy is a fully-integrated awareness into strategy, tactics and operations. As a result, NPS students will guide the Navy and the nation toward a better, more secure energy future.”

the Honorable Ray Mabus u.S. Secretary of the Navy

16 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 17 The fifTh domain hen NPS dual-degree graduate Army General Analysis Distinguished Professor Dr. Dorothy wKeith Alexander, director of the National Denning created an extensive body of seminal Security Agency and head of the u.S. Cyber work in computer security and cryptography, and is Command, keynoted graduation ceremonies in the currently a leading expert on cyberterrorism. summer of 2010, his words could not have been more prophetic. With a dramatic, grounded history in the fi eld, and iconic faculty leading the cyber discipline, it’s no He told that graduating class, “Many of you are wonder that then Chief of Naval operations Adm. graduating with advanced technical degrees, and Gary Roughead challenged NPS to establish itself technologists have always driven the evolution of as a Center of excellence in Cyber Systems and warfare and been leaders in shaping the way we operations. fi ght … In the new 21st century, as more and more of our nation’s treasure is stored in cyberspace, executive Vice President and Provost Dr. leonard real power lies in the ability to protect and defend Ferrari took this charge, and along with Cyber cyberspace. You can’t be a superpower unless you Academic Group Chair Dr. Cynthia Irvine, pictured, can effectively defend your networks against all created an interdisciplinary group of faculty from adversaries.” the fi elds of computer science, defense analysis, electrical and computer engineering, mathematics, the Naval Postgraduate School has been actively and operations research to guide this calling. A teaching and pursuing research on information select group of students has already begun a assurance and trustworthy systems for decades – dedicated master’s degree in Cyber Systems and cybersecurity, or the Fifth Domain as it has come operations, pioneering education in what is already to be known. Within our faculty have been and still a national security imperative. are some of the world’s leading authorities in cyber systems. through the 70s, Computer Science faculty As the university continues on this path of developed the world’s fi rst microcomputer operating responding to the calls of national security’s most system, pioneered the application of graphics to senior leadership, the institution is fortunate to rely understanding signal processing data, and were upon a longstanding culture of foreseeing DoD’s among the fi rst at an academic institution to conduct needs in advance of the request. And so when research on a unix platform. Student thesis research Alexander, or any of our nation’s cybersecurity and in the latter part of that decade introduced the idea information dominance leadership, look for those that computing systems could be vulnerable to technologists to protect us in the Fifth Domain, subversion. As a pioneer in the fi eld, current Defense they’ll know exactly where to go to get them. “The Naval Postgraduate School’s history in the fi elds of information assurance, secure systems and cyber operations is quite long, and provides a substantial depth of knowledge and research to enrich the Cyber Systems and operations degree. When the university was charged with creating this program, we were indeed well-prepared to respond to this need.” Dr. Cynthia Irvine Chair, Cyber Academic Group

18 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 19 It is but one example of how faculty apply innovation and “HA/DR [humanitarian assistance and disaster relief] is discovery to their passions in education and research, on par with our major warfi ghting specialties – surface and they apply them to matters of the utmost relevance warfare, air warfare and submarine warfare. the Chief we have comms to America’s national security enterprise. the new Center of Naval operations put this out in his ‘Sea Power for for Infrastructure Defense, for example, is dedicated to the 21st Century’ to document that very fact … Because f there is one constant in all aspects of military We call it “Network-in-a-Box” – and it has the potential to analyzing the vulnerabilities of our country’s infrastructures of the expertise that we have here at NPS with wireless campaigns – in operations across all spectra of civic revolutionize everything from remote military operations i – transportation networks and mass transit, power grids, technologies and experience in real disasters, continuing importance for that matter – it is the need to communicate. to homeland security in every jurisdiction, not to mention water distribution systems and many others – and using to work in this space is both rewarding and educational for the ability to coordinate and command, evaluate and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. And the system complex modeling to determine solutions to them. us and a great opportunity for hands-on thesis work for our strategize, repair and rebuild would simply not be has been tested, successfully, in multiple situations ... from students.” possible without essential communications and computer true humanitarian disasters such as the earthquake in Haiti NPS has a long history in researching Free electron laser technologies, equipment and the power needed to use them. and the wasteland of Bay St. louis, Miss., following Hurricane technologies, and late this past year, installed the Mark I in Katrina – to experimental situations, such as an emergency our dedicated Directed energy laboratory. the Mark I is a lt. Cmdr. Brian Steckler, (Ret.) Amazingly, Brian Steckler and a select group of fellow operations test at the California International Airshow in truly one-of-a-kind electron accelerator designed by Physics lecturer, Information Sciences faculty and researchers in the Department of Information September and an interactive display at october’s San faculty Distinguished Professor Bill Colson and Associate Sciences at NPS realized this function could be served by Francisco Fleet Week. It doesn’t take innovative thinking Professor John Lewellen, and is the fi rst of fi ve experimental a self-contained, take-anywhere integrated kit of existing to realize the possibilities for this kind of self-contained prototypes for active research. As the Navy seeks to develop off-the-shelf network, computer, and self-generating energy command and control emergency operations center are new methods for laser-based, shipboard defense, it will technologies … and it all fi ts in a few crates you could check truly endless. have a core of well-educated offi cers at the conn who truly on an airplane. understand how the technology works.

20 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 21 Global Expertise for a Global Education

echnical discoveries abound across can share a similar claim to national media Tthe Naval Postgraduate School attention. A frequent contributor to media campus, but the university’s valued outlets himself, especially on Pakistan and faculty expertise does not reside solely Iraq, Russell’s 2011 book, “Innovation, in its scientific prowess. In today’s Transformation and War” spotlighted

national security environment, world- counterinsurgency innovations that renowned experts and strategists on emerged as a matter of survival by Army nations, regimes and regions, and their and Marine Corps units in the Iraq theater. complex histories and cultures, play a But his lauded publications and media major role in emerging national security quotes aside, Russell’s job is to teach issues. Fortunately for the university’s NS3320, U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle officer students, there is a broad range of East, also to dozens of officer students. expertise within the faculty ranks to guide them through these delicate intricacies. The reality is, pick a region anywhere

across the world, on any continent, in As the ‘Arab Spring’ turned to winter this the international media spotlight or not, past year, and the realities of hopeful and there is likely an expert at the Naval change resulted in ongoing struggles for Postgraduate School that can teach a democracy and an end to violence, the student just about anything he or she national media turned to NPS expertise would need to know about that region.

to make sense of these nations’ unrest.

National Security Affairs Professor Robert And with the university developing

Springborg, pictured far right in the third international partnerships through

row, was quoted in countless mainstream its designation as the NATO United media outlets like CNN and the “New York States Partnership for Peace Training Times” among many others, international and Education Center, and expanding media as well. As one of the nation’s relationships through formal agreements foremost experts on Egypt, he was an this past year with India and Jordan, the invaluable resource for the national press. institution is poised to expand its impact But what Professor Springborg really does with nations around the world. is teach NS4361, Politics in Egypt, to dozens of officer students in the university’s Truly, an effective national security National Security Affairs curriculum. strategist needs a global education – for students at NPS, the expertise is as close Associate Professor James Russell, as the professor standing before them. pictured fourth from left in the second row,

“I have often said that if the Naval Postgraduate School did not exist, then for the sake of our national and global security, it had better be created. Our faculty encompass a body of knowledge on regions, nations, cultures – and ultimately on people – that is nearly unparalleled in modern academia. It is a true honor to watch this collective of knowledge impact our joint, diverse student environment, every day.”

Dr. James J. Wirtz Dean, School of International Graduate Studies

22 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 23 s our nation’s leadership wrestles with take a cohort of three students in athe unenviable challenge of reducing Pensacola, Fla., who did an in-depth dollars the federal defi cit, with the Department analysis on the transition from the t-34 of Defense shouldering its own share of aircraft to the t-6 for training purposes this burden, the bottom line is budgets at Naval Air Stations in Whiting Field and will be scrutinized, and the business of Corpus Christi. the analysis looked at and sense government must be in constant processes every possible effi ciency and bottleneck of improvement. – from available maintenance personnel, to instructor and aircraft availability – and At the Naval Postgraduate School, our resolved them. It was so well-received Graduate School of Business and Public by then Commander of training Airwing Policy is an engine that drives this consistent 5, Marine Corps Col. Scott Walsh, he progression of self-examination and implemented it – 2011 marked year three advancement. As one of only a few business of the four-year implementation plan. schools in the nation accredited by both the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools This past year also marked a fi rst in of Business, and the National Association of the university’s ongoing executive MBA Schools of Public Affairs and Administration, program, graduating its fi rst all-civilian the curricula are highly regarded in cohort of students – 21 in total. As with academic circles. And outside them as well, many eMBA programs, students are with “u.S. News and World Report” ranking required to complete a capstone project the school as one of the top 50 public affairs prior to graduating – NPS eMBA students programs in the nation this past year. complete one that is of direct relevance to the organization for which they are these are wonderful accolades, for yet as employed. And from this fi rst group of much validation as these honors add to the graduates, just three of those capstone university’s efforts, they do not translate projects, if implemented, could realize a to hard dollars. Fortunately, the efforts of projected savings of up to $6.9 million. faculty/student education and research across the business school do. When it comes to the business of conducting national security, dollars will the business school’s master of science always come at a premium, and common degree programs run the gamut of sense could not be more valued. through government business practices – the university’s nationally-recognized acquisitions, contracts and manpower business school, both of these are natural systems management to name a few. And inclusions. NPS’ Master of Business Administration (MBA) and executive MBA programs are “the Graduate School of Business and fi lling a niche that no other university can. Public Policy is uniquely positioned to Offi cer students, and civilians, from a broad help improve defense business practices range of the defense community – from helo and administration … our instruction pilots to pilot trainers, comptrollers to budget prepares the next generation of defense chiefs – the Warrior MBA program, as it sector leaders to analyze and think has come to be known, is adding real value critically so that they can effectively to commands across the world, from real manage organizations, resources, people dollars to common sense. and programs in complex, sometimes life-threatening environments. We are proud of our contribution to the u.S. and allied defense sectors and to u.S. national security.”

Dr. William Gates, Dean Graduate School of Business and Public Policy

24 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 25 The year has also seen a number of signifi cant the formation of Pacifi c typhoons, or a professor is posting achievements in the academic and experimental arenas grades to a Collaborative learning environment, the goal that would not have been possible without technologies is the same - that they are provided the requisite means to enaBle. change. to enable them. NPS’ Field experimentation program has achieve their end. been widely expanded over the past few years, rapidly xford’s dictionary defi nes the term “enable” as the source software like Kuali Financial - have provided the transitioning prototype technologies from thought to “Change defi nes our future. As the corporate university oaction of giving power to a person; to strengthen; campus community with a constantly improving palette fi eld. With much of the experimentation occurring at of the Navy, the Naval Postgraduate School must serve to supply with the requisite means to an end or for an of tools to achieve their goals. south Monterey County’s Camp Roberts, some 100+ as an enabler of change. Information technology stands objective. miles from the NPS campus, this past year’s extension in the background of the NPS landscape, providing our the past year has also seen a number of promising of classifi ed computing capability to Camp Roberts’ faculty and students with an enduring power to allow like any academic institution, the Naval Postgraduate partnerships among military, academia and industry facilities was invaluable. their collective intellect to envision anything possible. School must empower its vibrant collective of students continue to evolve. From engagement with industry Whether it’s in support of that academic enterprise or and faculty to achieve their objectives, for they are giants such as Apple, IBM, Brocade and others, In addition, ItACS also empowered NPS’ Modeling, within the administrative areas that make the enterprise critical to the mission of the university. often unheralded, information technology maintains a constant eye on Simulation, and Virtual environments Institute with work, It must always challenge the present with the yet constantly utilized, the power of technology and the landscape of change. Information technology the execution of a ground-breaking crowd-sourcing possibilities of the future.” access to resources lie at the heart of enabling this and Communications Services (ItACS) also partnered game entitled MMoWGlI. established with the goal of academic enterprise. with the nearby Defense language Institute Foreign combating piracy off the horn of Africa, the online game Dr. Christine Haska, Vice President language Center to transition them to an academic tapped into the global intellect to bring new ideas to an Information Resources and Chief Information Offi cer On campus, a constant stream of signifi cant network infrastructure, or .edu domain. this effort epidemic maritime problem. infrastructure and user-centric improvements over the resulted in a powerfully-expansive set of capabilities for past year - from expanded digital research resources to that institution, and saved the Department of Defense In the end, whether students and faculty are using virtualized green It servers to an early embrace of open signifi cant costs throughout the collaboration. complex models to understand air-sea interactions in

26 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 27 he Naval Postgraduate School were commanded by NPS graduates. Tsaw the advancement of several But alumni apply their knowledge in so graduates over the past year – some at many other ways, impacting organizations the highest levels of Naval leadership. A of all kinds. Marshall Carter, for example, couple of examples … computer science is a widely-respected educator in ethical graduate Adm. Mark Ferguson became leadership, teaching at both MIt and the Vice Chief of Naval operations in Harvard. He is also the Chairman of the August, and telecommunications systems Board of NYSe euronext, parent company management graduate Vice Adm. Scott of the New York Stock exchange. And Van Buskirk became the Deputy Chief of retired Vice Adm. Joseph Dyer now serves Naval operations for Manpower, Personnel, as Chief Operating Offi cer of iRobot, training and education in october. and returned to campus in November to impacT in discuss his company’s advances in counter Yet this just scratches the surface of improvised explosive device robotics. and Beyond graduate accomplishments – every month we learn of NPS graduates of all ranks and And fi nally, alumnus Capt. Wayne Porter, levels achieving amazing things – becoming fresh off his stint as a strategic adviser to The service ship Cos and Xos, squadron, strike group former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and shore base commanders, leaders of Adm. Mike Mullen, joined the NPS faculty nearly any function you can think of within ranks as a new Chair of Systemic Strategy the offi cer corps across the world. and Complexity to apply the vision that his Graduates, however, return their service to “National Strategic Narrative” conceptualizes the defense community and critical national in words. establishments even beyond their duties as active service offi cers – and we recognized a Whether it’s serving in some of the most number of them over the past year as well. senior leadership positions in the Navy and Armed Forces, guiding powerhouse In a 2011 edition of NPS’ quarterly “In companies throughout the defense Review” magazine, we featured alumnus industry and beyond, or returning to Walt Havenstein, Chief Executive Offi cer campus to shape the next generation of of Science Applications International students and thought leaders, the impact Corporation (SAIC), a multi-billion dollar made by NPS alumni can be felt both within think-tank tackling critical challenges for the and far beyond the active service. defense community and beyond. Havenstein is also a pillar of support for Science, “there was a direct application of the skills technology, engineering and Mathematics I had learned in the graduate program at education for America’s youth. We also NPS, and in working at the Marine Corps honored our dozens of NASA astronaut headquarters in the Pentagon … I think alumni – of which we have more than any that a graduate education really gives you other institution in the world at the graduate the intellectual knowledge that you need to level – as the space shuttle program came progress upward in your career.” to its historic close this past year. In fact, three of the fi nal four space shuttle missions Marshall Carter operations Research Systems Analysis (’70) Chairman of the Board, New York Stock exchange

28 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 29 his is Cmdr. Bill McRaven, circa 1994. career indeed. He’s commanded multiple TWhen offi cers come to a new command, SeAl teams, led the Special operations or are promoted to a new rank, they are Command Europe, was the fi rst director The required to take a record photo. the photos of the NAto Special operations Forces are always taken in the uniform of the time, Coordination Centre, and was Chief of Staff have the same backdrop, the fl ag in the at Naval Special Warfare Group 1. same basic location – in other words, they all ulTimaTe pretty much look the same. In fact, you could longtime NPS Professor and Defense throw 100 of these on a table, and barely be Analysis Chairman for nearly 20 years, Dr. able to distinguish one from another. Gordon McCormick, remembers McRaven eXample well. As second reader on that famous But this one would stand out, for this is thesis, McCormick recalls McRaven as no ordinary service record photo. this one intelligent and driven, but more so, as a just happens to be taken just after now man that knew exactly what he wanted to Adm. William McRaven completed what has accomplish from the moment he stepped become one of the most important student on campus. He wanted to revolutionize the theses in modern warfare. that thesis, titled tactics of special operations, to make them “the theory of Special operations” was strategic – in short, to apply the power of completed during McRaven’s studies at the education to the precision of spec ops. And Naval Postgraduate School in June 1993, that is exactly what he did. where he pioneered the education of special operations and low intensity confl ict – he And while McRaven used this knowledge was, in fact, the curriculum’s fi rst graduate. many times during his career, certainly no McRaven would go on to publish that thesis, time was more important than the mission truthfully about half of it, in a book titled of May 2, 2011 – operation Neptune “Spec ops,” which has become one of the Spear – when after months of preparation, most widely-read, revolutionary works in this McRaven was given the executive order to critical, tactically-driven community. execute the mission he planned, practiced and perfected. It was one of the most McRaven applied the lessons he both important missions of modern American learned and pioneered during his time at history, for he is the man who got bin NPS to this book, and has applied them laden. throughout his career. And it is quite a

“the world today is as unpredictable as ever. And as such, the American people will expect us to be prepared for every contingency, to answer every call to arms, to venture where other forces cannot, and to win every fi ght no matter how tough or how long. They will expect it because we are the nation’s Special operations Force, and … we will not let them down.”

Adm. William McRaven Commander, u.S. Special operations Command Special Operations, Low Intensity Confl ict (‘93)

30 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 31 2011 naval posTgraduaTe school year in review January feBruary march april may June NPS partners with local universities NPS alumnus and then Corporate longtime Senator and former Rear Admiral Gretchen S. Herbert, and the city of Monterey to present Director of the Deputy Chief of Naval Secretary of the Navy, John Warner is a 1991 Space Systems Operations the fi rst Global Challenges Forum operations (CNo) for Information presented with an honorary doctorate graduate, assumes command of the featuring renowned Professor of Dominance, Rear Adm. David degree in military science, recognizing Navy Cyber Forces, the DoN global economics Giovanni Dosi from Italy’s Simpson, visits NPS to discuss the a career that began as an enlisted type Commander that organizes, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna. the role of education and research in Sailor, culminating in more than 30 operates, equips and maintains series brings expert speakers to building the CNo’s vision for the years of service in the Senate. Cyber/C5I forces and activities for Monterey to discuss global issues. Information Dominance Corps. readiness afl oat and ashore.

The 79th Military Operations Research Society Symposium is hosted at NPS, one of the premier opportunities for the defense operations research community to exchange information, examine research and discuss issues related to national security.

Pictured Above: the Consortium for Robotics and Pictured Above: unmanned Systems education and NAto joins NPS and its u.S. Research, or CRUSER, offi cially Partnership for Peace training launches. Chartered by under and education Center in hosting Secretary of the Navy Robert Work, the international 2011 Building an NPS graduate, CRuSeR creates Integrity Conference in Monterey. an environment for collaboration on Pictured Above: NAto’s Supreme Allied Commander, all aspects of unmanned systems NPS is offi cially designated as an transformation, French Air Force and robotics. Adaptive optics Center of excellence Gen. Stéphane Abrial keynotes. for National Security education Pictured Above: NPS’ Center for Civil-Military and Research – due in large part Pictured Above: Professor William Fox completes an then Chief of Naval operations Adm. Relations hosts more than 30 senior to the efforts of Distinguished Professor and Chair of the Defense initial study on utilizing standard Gary Roughead addresses guests defense leaders from Indonesia for Professor Brij Agrawal – providing Analysis department, Dr. John radar guns to scan and detect and nearly 200 graduating students a two-week course aimed to broaden the resources necessary for years of Arquilla, is selected by “Foreign Policy” individuals in a crowd that could from all the military services and nine participants’ knowledge of global/ dedicated student/faculty research magazine as one of the top 100 potentially be carrying improvised allied and coalition partner nations at regional security environments, and education in adaptive optics Global thinkers in 2011, moving up explosive devices (IeDs). Initial the winter graduation ceremony. how to build effective defense and technologies. Pictured Above: nine spaces from 2010. results yield an 85 percent detection security institutions, and civil-military NPS partners in hosting the rate using simulated IeD vests. NPS hosts “Girls Day In,” welcoming relations in new democracies. NPS holds its eighth annual inaugural Cultural and organizational NPS’ Global Center for Security 50 middle and high school girls from Acquisitions Research Symposium, Awareness Forum, focused on Cooperation hosts its Annual NPS’ Center for Homeland Defense the surrounding communities to The Foreign Area Offi cer Association bringing senior acquisitions leaders developing solutions to the unique Directors’ Conference bringing and Security hosts the Imagination explore the possibilities in science, of Monterey (FAOAM) hosts its fi fth from across the defense enterprise issues and requirements facing leadership from the 25 member Conversation Conference, bringing technology, engineering and math Annual Conference. FAoAM is an together to showcase current the u.S. Africa Command. Both institutions together to build more homeland security (HlS) educators (STEM) career paths. It was the fi rst association created and operated by research in the fi eld. The program students and faculty, along with awareness of DoD resources and practitioners together to envision in a series of several K-12 outreach FAo students on campus, developing has become the hallmark forum regional leaders, diplomats and available in international partner and what the execution of HlS, and a programs that would continue their own programs for professional for improving defense acquisitions defense offi cials, participate in the collaboration education. safe community, looks like in 2021. throughout the calendar year. development outside the classroom. procedures. discussions.

32 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 33 2011 naval posTgraduaTe school year in review July augusT sepTemBer ocToBer novemBer decemBer the Modeling, Virtual environments Dr. David Kilcullen, Senior Rear Adm. Dixon Smith attends NPS’ Head of the transportation Security and Simulation (MoVeS) Institute Counterinsurgency Adviser to transition Support (tS) Program Administration, John Pistole, visits holds their annual MoVeS Summit. General David Petraeus in Iraq through the university’s Center campus to address the latest cohort As one of the fi rst universities in the and noted architect of the 2007 for executive education. the tS of graduates from NPS’ homeland world to create a dedicated degree troop surge that was a key turning Program provides Navy fl ag offi cers security degree program – several program in Modeling and Simulation, point for coalition forces, presents with intensive, tailored one-on-one tSA employees are part of the the Summit keeps NPS and its “Counterinsurgency in Global Context” courses with NPS faculty to assist in class. Pistole oversees a workforce program at the forefront of innovation during a Secretary of the Navy Guest their transitions into new commands. of 60,000 employees responsible in this critical fi eld. lecture for NPS students, faculty for security throughout the nation’s and staff. transportation infrastructures.

Cmdr. Jay Foraker successfully operations Research faculty Senior presents his dissertation defense to lecturer Jeff Kline and Distinguished receive his doctorate in operations Professors Gerald Brown and Alan Research. Foraker’s research in Washburn are awarded a patent complex algorithms demonstrated on research into “Mixed-Mode Fuel how the fl eet can benefi t from Minimization.” What began as an optimal search systems, focusing idea while Kline was an oR student Pictured Above: on constrained waterways such as a has the potential to cut the Navy’s Army Chief of Staff, Gen. Raymond straight or channel. fuel usage by 5-10 percent in specifi c odierno, is briefed by NPS Defense classes of ships. Pictured Above: Analysis students and faculty on NPS and Naval Support Activity current research and education Monterey leadership are joined by efforts within the department, three NPS students from the New including analyses in current York fi re and police departments in Improvised explosive Device the formal dedication of a piece of detection techniques. Defense steel from the World trade Center. Analysis houses more than half of the memorial, located in Centennial Army offi cers studying at NPS. Pictured Above: Park on campus, honors those who Aeronautical engineering alumnus perished in the 9/11 tragedy. NPS Meteorology/oceanography Chris Ferguson (’91), pictured left, alumnus Rear Adm. Barry l. Bruner, commands StS-135 aboard the NPS President Dan oliver and Pictured Above: currently serving as Director, Space Shuttle Atlantis, a 13-day Director General Dr. V. K. Saraswat NPS participates in the 30th undersea Warfare (uSW) Division mission to deliver supplies to the of India’s Defense Research and Annual San Francisco Fleet Week (N87), returns to campus for the International Space Station. It would Development organisation sign celebration attended by more than uSW curricular review. “the lessons be the fi nal mission of the space a landmark Memorandum of a million spectators. In keeping with that are learned here … put the shuttle program, bringing an end to understanding outlining future the event’s theme of humanitarian offi cers in great step for the future,” 30 years of discovery in space. partnerships between the two assistance and disaster response said Bruner. “It’s going to provide a institutions, serving as a key building (HA/DR), the university displayed phenomenal return on investment for the NPS Center for Materials Pictured Above: block in developing relationships several research efforts supporting the Navy and for the country both.” Pictured Above: Research is introduced with a elliott Branch, the Navy’s senior between the two nations. the Navy’s HA/DR response efforts. Dr. J. Phillip (Jack) london and campus-wide open house. led by civilian for acquisition, contracting the transformative education Forum retired Adm. Stan Arthur join NPS Distinguished Professor Nancy and logistics policy, visits campus NPS Professor I. Michael Ross and Retired Rear Adm. John Padgett, (TEF), sponsored by the Offi ce of the the ranks of NPS’ most honored Haegel, the center helps NPS bring to talk shop with Graduate School Researcher Mark Karpenko are President of the Naval Submarine under Secretary of Defense for Policy graduates with induction into the a host of new young faculty on board of Business and Public Policy honored with a prestigious NASA league and former Commander, and the Offi ce of Naval Research university’s Hall of Fame. london is in the fi eld of materials science. acquisitions and contract management Group Achievement Award for their Submarine Force, U.S. Pacifi c Fleet, Global, is held in Monterey. With executive Chairman for CACI, a large one of them, Associate Professor students, emphasizing that the experimentation in optimizing presents a detailed lecture on the many NPS faculty contributing, teF defense information and professional luke Brewer would go on to win the students in this room would be the spacecraft maneuvers with an “Future of the united States Navy brought educators from all over the services fi rm, while Arthur served as prestigious Microanlysis Society’s ones making the decisions on how operational satellite, the transition Submarine Force” to NPS undersea world to discuss the concepts of President of lockheed Martin Missile K.F.J. Heinrich Award. DoD spends money in the future. Region and Coronal explorer. warfare students, faculty and staff. education in today’s global society. and Fire Control.

34 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 35 Students at the Naval Postgraduate School Degrees Conferred Degree Conferred # of Students Degree Conferred # of Students Degree Conferred # of Students NPS averaged approximately 1,650 resident degree students in 2011, with an ongoing expansion in students attending Bachelor of Science Engineering Systems 20 Meteorology 2 Human Systems Integration 10 Other Masters via distance learning programs, totaling 921 this past year. More than 91% of resident students at NPS achieve Information Operations 9 Executive Master of graduation, with an average time to degree of approximately 20.2 months. Master of Arts Information Systems 5 Business Administration 122 Security Studies 249 Information Technology Management 26 Master of Executive Management 2 (9 specializations) Information Warfare Master of Systems Analysis 32 Systems Engineering 13 Master of Business Administration 108 Master of Science Management 25 Applied Mathematics 8 Mechanical Engineering 28 Engineer Applied Physics 14 Meteorology 2 Electrical Engineer 2 Applied Science 1 Meteorology and Physical Mechanical Engineer 7 (Operations Research) Oceanography 11 Electrical Engineering 6 Students By Service/Country Astronautical Engineering 11 Modeling Virtual Combat Systems Technology 1 Environments and Simulation 12 Doctorate Computer Science 33 Operations Research 55 Applied Physics 1 Type of Student # of Students Type of Student # of Students Type of Student # of Students Contract Management 11 Physical Oceanography 4 Computer Science 1 U.S. Navy 730 Sri Lanka 4 Czech Republic 1 Defense Analysis 3 Physics 9 Engineering Acoustics 1 U.S. Army 208 Ukraine 4 East Timor 1 (Information Operations) Program Management 27 Information Sciences 1 U.S. Marine Corps 206 Sweden 3 Georgia 1 Defense Analysis 63 Remote Sensing Intelligence 2 Meteorology 1 U.S. Air Force 147 United Arab Emirates 3 Hungary 1 (Irregular Warfare) Software Engineering 9 Modeling Virtual Defense Analysis 5 Space Systems Operations 20 Environments and Simulation 2 Civilian 201 Argentina 2 Israel 1 (National Security Affairs) Systems Technology 9 Operations Research 2 Turkey 57 Bahrain 2 Latvia 1 Defense Analysis 18 (Cmd., Ctrl., Comm.) Physical Oceanography 3 Singapore 38 Canada 2 Macedonia 1 (Terrorist Operations & Financing) Systems Engineering 122 Security Studies 1 Greece 34 Chile 2 Malawi 1 Electrical Engineering 40 Systems Engineering Analysis 11 Software Engineering 1 Other 19 India 2 Malaysia 1 Electronic Warfare Systems Engineering 10 Systems Engineering Management 9 Germany 11 Jordan 2 Mauritius 1 Engineering Acoustics 6 Grand Total Pakistan 10 Maldives 2 Mexico 1 Engineering Science 4 1,210 (Mechanical Engineering) Taiwan 10 Netherlands 2 Moldova 1 Tunisia 9 Philippines 2 Mongolia 1 Norway 7 Portugal 2 Nepal 1 Saudi Arabia 6 Thailand 2 Romania 1 Brazil 5 Albania 1 Seychelles 1 fiscal information Australia 4 Algeria 1 Switzerland 1 Colombia 4 Cameroon 1 Uganda 1 The total operating budget for the Naval Postgraduate School during fiscal year 2011 was $352.6 million. Funding for Korea 4 NPS comes from two primary sources, direct funds are provided by the Department of the Navy for the university’s core teaching mission. Reimbursable funds are provided from a variety of sponsors for the implementation of research or other unique educational programs.

Students By school Students By type NPS Operating Budget - NPS Operating Budget - Revenues expenditures Sciences 2000 NPS FY 2011 Revenues by Source NPS FY 2011 Expenditures by Category Direct and Reimbursable Direct and Reimbursable

1500

DL DL

1000 DL

500

RS RS RS RS School of International Graduate Studies Graduate School of International O ther Graduate School of Business and Public Policy Graduate School of E ngineering and Applied Sciences Graduate School of O perational and Information Graduate T ime Resident Full Distance L earning Non-Degree RS 0 DL= Distance Learning Students RS= Resident Students

36 2011 NPS Annual Report 2011 NPS Annual Report 37 research aT The naval posTgraduaTe school “nps is parT of our heriTage and provides The navy wiTh Sponsored programs at NPS are an integral component of the graduate education experience. The primary purpose of sponsored programs at NPS is to conduct research, it is an imperative function to education at the postgraduate level, The opporTuniTy To influence whaT The navy geTs ouT of and its operational relevance is a hallmark of the Naval Postgraduate School. In addition to research, sponsored funding also supports educational programs as well as services. a graduaTe educaTion. This is disTincTive, imporTanT and sTraTegic for our fuTure.” eXpendiTures By eXpendiTures By organiZaTion ($ in millions) sponsor ($ in millions) Adm. Jonathan Greenert Chief of Naval operations

$.816

GSeAS $1.5

GSoIS $3.7

$6

Institutes & others $6.4 Board of advisors To The presidenT, naval posTgraduaTe school

Academic Affairs (SMARt) $8.1 Vice Adm. Lee Gunn, uSN (Ret.) – Board Chair Adm. Timothy J. Keating, uSN (Ret.) President Consultant $9.9 Institute for Public Research, CNA Corp. Rear Adm. Matthew L. Klunder $21.5 Mr. Walter Anderson Chief of Naval Research Consultant Offi ce of Naval Research $44.3

Mr. Michael Bayer Maj. Gen. Gregg Martin $83.1 , uSA President/Ceo Commandant Dumbarton Strategies Army War College

supporTing The mission Honorable Dr. Jack Borsting Dr. Elisabeth Paté-Cornell of The naval posTgraduaTe school Professor & Dean emeritus Professor and Chair university of Southern California Stanford university The Naval The Foundation has grown substantially in the last 10 Postgraduate years, both in terms of the private donations, and the Lt. Gen. David S. Fadok, uSAF Vice Adm. Ann E. Rondeau, uSN School number of corporations that have Cooperative Research Commander President Foundation, and Development Agreements (CRADA) with the school – Air university National Defense university founded in these often include donated equipment or services. Also, 1970, is a non- a large group of distinguished alumni, who attribute NPS profi t 501(c)(3) as a vital piece of their career development, have chosen Dr. Robert R. Fossum Honorable G. Kim Wincup organization that’s to give back to NPS, to inspire and support the next Consultant Vice President primary mission generation of military leadership. Science Applications International Corp. is to support the Maj. Gen. Raymond Fox, uSMC students, faculty The NPS Foundation also raises funds through the Commanding General Vice Adm. Scott R. Van Buskirk and staff of NPS. Peacock Store, which provides a wide array of NPS logo training & education Command Deputy Chief of Naval operations Like traditional products for students, alumni and supporters. higher educational Manpower, Personnel, training and education institutions, The Foundation has many events during the year, Vice Adm. David E. Frost, uSN (Ret.) private support is vital to achieve the highest standards highlighted by the Grand Winter Ball, America’s Heroes President in academia. Private donations help the Foundation Golf Tournament, and a Washington, D.C. retreat. Frost & Associates support NPS, and ultimately help the institution maintain its reputation as the premier educational and research The Foundation expects to continue to expand its reach, university for the military. With this private support, the and explore additional opportunities to support NPS Foundation contributes to the development of the military in the coming years. With a strong set of corporate leaders of tomorrow, while also funding research that partners, patriotic individuals who believe that NPS is signifi cantly improves our nation’s security capabilities. vital to our national security, and alumni who have served our nation proudly and want to ensure we are investing This support impacts diverse areas … From student and in the next generation of military leadership, NPS will faculty awards to guest lectures, internships to wounded remain vital and unique. warriors, Foundation support provides a much-needed boost to existing funding streams.

38 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 2011 NPS ANNuAl RePoRt 39 Naval Postgraduate School Office of Institutional Advancement 1 University Circle Monterey, CA 93943 [email protected]

40 2011 NPS Annual Report