Tropical Cyclone Effects on California
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HURRICANE KENNETH (EP132017) 18–23 August 2017
NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER TROPICAL CYCLONE REPORT HURRICANE KENNETH (EP132017) 18–23 August 2017 Robbie Berg National Hurricane Center 26 January 2018 NASA-NOAA SUOMI NPP ENHANCED INFRARED SATELLITE IMAGE OF HURRICANE KENNETH AT 1034 UTC 21 AUGUST 2017 WHILE AT PEAK INTENSITY Kenneth was a category 4 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale) over the eastern North Pacific Ocean that did not affect land. Hurricane Kenneth 2 Hurricane Kenneth 18–23 AUGUST 2017 SYNOPTIC HISTORY Kenneth formed from the interaction of two tropical waves which moved off the west coast of Africa on 29 July and 2 August. The first wave moved across the Atlantic Ocean and northern South America at low latitudes and reached the eastern North Pacific Ocean on 8 August. At that point, the wave became more convectively active, but it moved only slowly westward for the next week due to its position south of Hurricane Franklin over the Bay of Campeche. In the meantime, the second tropical wave spawned Hurricane Gert over the western Atlantic, with the southern portion of the wave reaching the eastern North Pacific waters on 12 August. With the subtropical ridge rebuilding over the Gulf of Mexico, the second wave moved at a faster speed toward the west and reached the first tropical wave on 16 August (Fig. 1). The interaction of the two waves caused the development of a low by 1200 UTC 17 August about 530 n mi southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. Convective banding became more organized and persistent through the day, and the low was designated as a tropical depression by 0600 UTC 18 August about 585 n mi south- southwest of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula. -
Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific Ab Sins Nicholas S
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School March 2019 Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific aB sins Nicholas S. Grondin Louisiana State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Climate Commons, Meteorology Commons, and the Physical and Environmental Geography Commons Recommended Citation Grondin, Nicholas S., "Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific asinB s" (2019). LSU Master's Theses. 4864. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4864 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLIMATOLOGY, VARIABILITY, AND RETURN PERIODS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE STRIKES IN THE NORTHEASTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC BASINS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by Nicholas S. Grondin B.S. Meteorology, University of South Alabama, 2016 May 2019 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my family, especially mom, Mim and Pop, for their love and encouragement every step of the way. This thesis is dedicated to my friends and fraternity brothers, especially Dillon, Sarah, Clay, and Courtney, for their friendship and support. This thesis is dedicated to all of my teachers and college professors, especially Mrs. -
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE FORECASTING CALIFORNIA THUNDERSTORMS a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Re
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE FORECASTING CALIFORNIA THUNDERSTORMS A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts in Geography By Ilya Neyman May 2013 The thesis of Ilya Neyman is approved: _______________________ _________________ Dr. Steve LaDochy Date _______________________ _________________ Dr. Ron Davidson Date _______________________ _________________ Dr. James Hayes, Chair Date California State University, Northridge ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNATURE PAGE ii ABSTRACT iv INTRODUCTION 1 THESIS STATEMENT 12 IMPORTANT TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 13 LITERATURE REVIEW 17 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 24 TRADITIONALLY RECOGNIZED TORNADIC PARAMETERS 28 CASE STUDY 1: SEPTEMBER 10, 2011 33 CASE STUDY 2: JULY 29, 2003 48 CASE STUDY 3: JANUARY 19, 2010 62 CASE STUDY 4: MAY 22, 2008 91 CONCLUSIONS 111 REFERENCES 116 iii ABSTRACT FORECASTING CALIFORNIA THUNDERSTORMS By Ilya Neyman Master of Arts in Geography Thunderstorms are a significant forecasting concern for southern California. Even though convection across this region is less frequent than in many other parts of the country significant thunderstorm events and occasional severe weather does occur. It has been found that a further challenge in convective forecasting across southern California is due to the variety of sub-regions that exist including coastal plains, inland valleys, mountains and deserts, each of which is associated with different weather conditions and sometimes drastically different convective parameters. In this paper four recent thunderstorm case studies were conducted, with each one representative of a different category of seasonal and synoptic patterns that are known to affect southern California. In addition to supporting points made in prior literature there were numerous new and unique findings that were discovered during the scope of this research and these are discussed as they are investigated in their respective case study as applicable. -
Long-Term Development in Post-Disaster Intentional Communities in Honduras
From Tragedy to Opportunity: Long-term Development in Post-Disaster Intentional Communities in Honduras A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Ryan Chelese Alaniz IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Ronald Aminzade June 2012 © Ryan Alaniz 2012 Acknowledgements Like all manuscripts of this length it took the patience, love, and encouragement of dozens of people and organizations. I would like to thank my parents for their support, numerous friends who provided feedback in informal conversations, my amazing editor and partner Jenny, my survey team, and the residents of Nueva Esperanza, La Joya, San Miguel Arcangel, Villa El Porvenir, La Roca, and especially Ciudad España and Divina for their openness in sharing their lives and experiences. Finally, I would like to thank Doug Hartmann, Pat McNamara, David Pellow, and Ross MacMillan for their generosity of time and wisdom. Most importantly I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Ron, who is an inspiration personally and professionally. I would also like to thank the following organizations and fellowship sponsors for their financial support: the University of Minnesota and the Department of Sociology, the Social Science Research Council, Fulbright, the Bilinski Foundation, the Public Entity Risk Institute, and the Diversity of Views and Experiences (DOVE) Fellowship. i Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to all those who have been displaced by a disaster and have struggled/continue to struggle to rebuild their lives. It is also dedicated to my son, Santiago. May you grow up with a desire to serve the most vulnerable. -
1858 San Diego Hurricane and Not Be Sur- Documented to Be Real
THE SAN DIEGO HURRICANE OF 2 OCTOBER 1858 BY MICHAEL CHENOWETH AND CHRISTOPHER LANDSEA The discovery of a hurricane that directly impacted San Diego, California, nearly 150 yr ago has implications for residents and risk managers in their planning for extreme events for the region. ropical cyclones forming in the eastern North 10 September 1976 in California and Arizona, and Pacific Ocean are occasional visitors to the Hurricane Nora in September 1997 in Arizona. Only T southwestern United States. By the time these the 1939 tropical storm made a direct landfall in coastal systems travel far enough to the north to bring their California (Smith 1986), because the other three sys- associated moisture to the United States, the tropical tems entered the United States after first making land- cyclones have normally diminished below tropical fall in Mexico. storm strength over Mexico or over the colder waters The 1939 tropical storm caused $2 million in prop- of the California Current that flows southward along erty damage in California, mostly to shipping, shore the California coast. Rain, sometimes locally excessive, structures, power and communication lines, and crops. is frequently observed in many areas of the southwest- Ships in coastal waters of southern California reported ern United States when tropical cyclone remnants en- southeast winds between 34 and 47 kt (Hurd 1939). ter the region (Blake 1935; Smith 1986). However, no tropical cyclones are recorded or esti- Four tropical cyclones have managed to bring tropi- mated to have made landfall in the southwestern cal storm–force winds to the southwestern United United States as a hurricane, with maximum 1-min States during the twentieth century: a tropical storm surface (10 m) winds of at least 64 kt. -
Extension of the Systematic Approach to Tropical Cyclone Track Forecasting in the Eastern and Central North Pacific
NPS ARCHIVE 1997.12 BOOTHE, M. NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS EXTENSION OF THE SYTEMATIC APPROACH TO TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACK FORECASTING IN THE EASTERN AND CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC by Mark A. Boothe December, 1997 Thesis Co-Advisors: Russell L.Elsberry Lester E. Carr III Thesis B71245 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. DUDLEY KNOX LIBRARY NAVAl OSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA 93943-5101 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching casting data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, I'aperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1 . AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 1997. Master's Thesis TITLE AND SUBTITLE EXTENSION OF THE SYSTEMATIC 5. FUNDING NUMBERS APPROACH TO TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACK FORECASTING IN THE EASTERN AND CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC 6. AUTHOR(S) Mark A. Boothe 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDR£SS(ES) PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION Monterey CA 93943-5000 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESSEES) 10. SPONSORING/MONTTORIN G AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. -
The Geography of Fishing in British Honduras and Adjacent Coastal Areas
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1966 The Geography of Fishing in British Honduras and Adjacent Coastal Areas. Alan Knowlton Craig Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Craig, Alan Knowlton, "The Geography of Fishing in British Honduras and Adjacent Coastal Areas." (1966). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1117. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1117 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been „ . „ i i>i j ■ m 66—6437 microfilmed exactly as received CRAIG, Alan Knowlton, 1930— THE GEOGRAPHY OF FISHING IN BRITISH HONDURAS AND ADJACENT COASTAL AREAS. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1966 G eo g rap h y University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE GEOGRAPHY OP FISHING IN BRITISH HONDURAS AND ADJACENT COASTAL AREAS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State university and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by Alan Knowlton Craig B.S., Louisiana State university, 1958 January, 1966 PLEASE NOTE* Map pages and Plate pages are not original copy. They tend to "curl". Filmed in the best way possible. University Microfilms, Inc. AC KNQWLEDGMENTS The extent to which the objectives of this study have been acomplished is due in large part to the faithful work of Tiburcio Badillo, fisherman and carpenter of Cay Caulker Village, British Honduras. -
The San Diego Hurricane of 2 October 1858
THE SAN DIEGO HURRICANE OF 2 OCTOBER 1858 BY MICHAEL CHENOWETH AND CHRISTOPHER LANDSEA The discovery of a hurricane that directly impacted San Diego, California, nearly 150 yr ago has implications for residents and risk managers in their planning for extreme events for the region. ropical cyclones forming in the eastern North 10 September 1976 in California and Arizona, and Pacific Ocean are occasional visitors to the Hurricane Nora in September 1997 in Arizona. Only Tsouthwestern United States. By the time these the 1939 tropical storm made a direct landfall in coastal systems travel far enough to the north to bring their California (Smith 1986), because the other three sys- associated moisture to the United States, the tropical tems entered the United States after first making land- cyclones have normally diminished below tropical fall in Mexico. storm strength over Mexico or over the colder waters The 1939 tropical storm caused $2 million in prop- of the California Current that flows southward along erty damage in California, mostly to shipping, shore the California coast. Rain, sometimes locally excessive, structures, power and communication lines, and crops. is frequently observed in many areas of the southwest- Ships in coastal waters of southern California reported ern United States when tropical cyclone remnants en- southeast winds between 34 and 47 kt (Hurd 1939). ter the region (Blake 1935; Smith 1986). However, no tropical cyclones are recorded or esti- Four tropical cyclones have managed to bring tropi- mated to have made landfall in the southwestern cal storm-force winds to the southwestern United United States as a hurricane, with maximum 1-min States during the twentieth century: a tropical storm surface (10 m) winds of at least 64 kt. -
Atoll Research Bulletin
HARLES H. LAMOOREW No. 86 February 28, 1965 BOTANY DEPT. UNlVERSllY OF HAWAII HONOLULU 14. HAWAII ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN Geography and land ecology of CZ;Pperton Idand by ~arie-H6l;ne Sachet Issued by THE PACIFIC SCIENCE BOARD National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Washington, D.C., U.S.A. ATOU RESEARCH lNlUXTN ---..------------- NO. 86 Geography and land ecology of Clipperton Island by Marie -&'lbne Sachet Issued by PACITE EClENCE BOARD National Academcy of Sciences-4?a'tlonal Research Council Washington, D. C. February 28, 1962 It is a pleasure to conmend the far-sighted policy of the Of'fice of Naval Research, with its emphasis on basic research, as a result of which a grant has made possible the continuation of the Coral Atoll Program of the Pacific Science Board. It is of interest to note, historically, that much of the f'unda- mntal Infomaation on atolls of the Pacific was gathered by the U. S. Navy's South Pacific Exploring Ekpedition, over one hundred years ago, under the cormnand of Captain Charles kfillres. The continuing nature of such scientific interest by the Navy is shotm by the support for the Pacific Science Board ' s research programs during the past fourteen years. me preparation and issuance of the Atoll Research Bulletin is assisted by fbds from Contract N70nr-2300(12). The sole responsibility for all statements made by authors of papers in the Atoll Research Bulletin rests with them, and they do not necessarily represent the views of the Pacific Science Board or of the editors of the Bulletin. -
Hurricanes and the Forests of Belize, Jon Friesner, 1993. Pdf 218Kb
Hurricanes and the Forests Of Belize Forest Department April 1993 Jon Friesner 1.0 Introduction Belize is situated within the hurricane belt of the tropics. It is periodically subject to hurricanes and tropical storms, particularly during the period June to July (figure 1). This report is presented in three sections. - A list of hurricanes known to have struck Belize. Several lists documenting cyclones passing across Belize have been produced. These have been supplemented where possible from archive material, concentrating on the location and degree of damage as it relates to forestry. - A map of hurricane paths across Belize. This has been produced on the GIS mapping system from data supplied by the National Climatic Data Centre, North Carolina, USA. Some additional sketch maps of hurricane paths were available from archive material. - A general discussion of matters relating to a hurricane prone forest resource. In order to most easily quote sources, and so as not to interfere with the flow of text, references are given as a number in brackets and expanded upon in the reference section. Summary of Hurricanes in Belize This report lists a total of 32 hurricanes. 1.1 On Hurricanes and Cyclones (from C.J.Neumann et al) Any closed circulation, in which the winds rotate anticlockwise in the Northern Hemisphere or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, is called a cyclone. Tropical cyclones refer to those circulations which develop over tropical waters, the tropical cyclone basins. The Caribbean Sea is included in the Atlantic tropical cyclone basin, one of six such basins. The others in the Northern Hemisphere are the western North Pacific (where such storms are called Typhoons), the eastern North Pacific and the northern Indian Ocean. -
San Diego & Arizona Eastern (SD&AE) Railway Fact Sheet
April 2013 Metropolitan Transit System San Diego & Arizona Eastern (SD&AE) Railway OWNER San Diego Metropolitan System (MTS) ROUTE DESCRIPTION Four (4) lines totaling 108 miles. Main Line Centre City San Diego south to San Ysidro/International Border at Tijuana. Total length 15.5 miles. This Line extends through Mexico (44.3 miles) and connects up with the Desert Line. The portion through Mexico, originally constructed as part of the Main Line, is now owned by the Mexican national railways, Ferrocarril Sonora Baja California Line. La Mesa Branch Downtown San Diego east to City of El Cajon. Total length: 16.1 miles. Coronado Branch National City south to Imperial Beach. Total length 7.2 miles. Desert Line Extends north and east from International Border (junction called Division) to Plaster City, where it joins the Union Pacific (UP) Line from El Centro. Total length: 69.9 miles. TRANSIT OPERATOR San Diego Trolley, Inc. (SDTI), a wholly subsidiary of MTS on Main Line and on the La Mesa Branch. Frequency Seven (7) days a week; 4:16 a.m. to 2:00 a.m.; 15-minute headways most of the day on Blue and Orange Lines; 7.5 minute peak hour service on Blue Line; 30-minute evenings. Patronage 97,401 average daily riders (FY 12). FREIGHT OPERATOR Private operators, San Diego & Imperial Valley (SD&IV) Railroad on three (3) lines: Main Line, La Mesa Branch, and Coronado Branch, and Pacific Imperial Railroad, Inc (PIR) on the Desert Line. Frequency Provides service as needed and at night when the San Diego Trolley is not in operation. -
Influence of the Size of Supertyphoon Megi (2010) on SST Cooling
VOLUME 146 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW MARCH 2018 Influence of the Size of Supertyphoon Megi (2010) on SST Cooling IAM-FEI PUN Graduate Institute of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan I.-I. LIN,CHUN-CHI LIEN, AND CHUN-CHIEH WU Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Manuscript received 28 February 2017, in final form 13 December 2017) ABSTRACT Supertyphoon Megi (2010) left behind two very contrasting SST cold-wake cooling patterns between the Philippine Sea (1.58C) and the South China Sea (78C). Based on various radii of radial winds, the authors found that the size of Megi doubles over the South China Sea when it curves northward. On average, the radius of maximum wind (RMW) increased from 18.8 km over the Philippine Sea to 43.1 km over the South 2 China Sea; the radius of 64-kt (33 m s 1) typhoon-force wind (R64) increased from 52.6 to 119.7 km; the radius 2 of 50-kt (25.7 m s 1) damaging-force wind (R50) increased from 91.8 to 210 km; and the radius of 34-kt 2 (17.5 m s 1) gale-force wind (R34) increased from 162.3 to 358.5 km. To investigate the typhoon size effect, the authors conduct a series of numerical experiments on Megi-induced SST cooling by keeping other factors unchanged, that is, typhoon translation speed and ocean subsurface thermal structure. The results show that if it were not for Megi’s size increase over the South China Sea, the during-Megi SST cooling magnitude would have been 52% less (reduced from 48 to 1.98C), the right bias in cooling would have been 60% (or 30 km) less, and the width of the cooling would have been 61% (or 52 km) less, suggesting that typhoon size is as important as other well- known factors on SST cooling.