PACE NSC 2014 Round 5 Tossups 1. This man cited improved efficiency of airframe production and the Horndal iron works in an article outlining his “learning by doing” growth model. This man proved an equilibrium would exist in a perfectly competitive economy. That general equilibrium model is named for him and Gerard Debreu. He argued lack of information and moral hazard made health care especially prone to market failure in “Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care.” Another theorem by this man shows there will always exist a decisive (*) voter with dictatorial powers under conditions like unanimity and independence of irrelevant alternatives. For 10 points, name this economist who showed the difficulty of a democratic social welfare function in his impossibility theorem. ANSWER: Kenneth Arrow <Bailey> 2. This area is identified with the threshing floor bought from Araunah for fifty pieces of silver to relieve a plague. Solomon's Stables can be found to the southeast of this place. A building in this place contains the Well of Souls within its Foundation Stone. By visiting this walled-in trapezoidal area, Ariel (*) Sharon provoked the Second Intifada. In Jewish tradition, it is identified with Moriah, where Abraham bound Isaac; Muslims venerate it because it contains the al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock. For 10 points, name this elevated site in Jerusalem thought to have once been the site of the Holy of Holies. ANSWER: the Temple Mount [or the Noble Sanctuary; or Haram al-Sharif] <Bollinger> 3. One of Karsh of Ottawa's signature techniques was to separately light these objects for his portrait photographs. A 1908 sculpture originally titled The Ark of the Covenant and later renamed Cathedral depicts two of them. That Rodin sculpture partly inspired a series of pictures that Alfred Stieglitz dubbed "portraits in themselves", which depicted a pair of them belonging to his wife Georgia O'Keeffe. A famous blue-paper drawing by Albrecht (*) Dürer depicts two of them pressed together. An M.C. Escher lithograph depicts a piece of paper on which two of these things use pens to draw each other into existence. For 10 points, name these objects, two of which nearly touch at the center of Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam. ANSWER: human hands [reverse-prompt on "fingers" or equivalents] <Carson> 4. One character in this novel authored the treatise Intellect and Art, which is favorably compared to Schiller’s “On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry.” It opens with the main character being stared at by a red-headed stranger before the narrativor recounts the writing of the novel Maya and an epic about Frederick the Great. Halfway through this novel, the protagonist’s baggage is mistakenly sent to (*) Como when he is about to leave the Grand Hotel des Bains. The protagonist of this novel later eats some overripe strawberries and dies while looking at a Polish youth with whom he is enamored, named Tadzio. For 10 points, name this novella about the last days of Gustave von Aschenbach, by Thomas Mann. ANSWER: Death in Venice [or Der Tod in Venedig] <Jose> PACE NSC 2014 5 Page 1 of 13 5. The first large section of Kierkegaard's Stages on Life's Way emulates this work. A character in this work is compared to an ugly hollow statue filled with tiny statues of gods and had previously stood still and silent on a porch. This work's events were told to Apollodorus by Aristodemus. Erixymachus's role in this work led John Adams to quip that its author could only teach us how to cure hiccups. The female tutor (*) Diotima's teachings are restated in this work at Agathon's house. Another speech in this work claims that people once had four legs, but were split in half by Zeus and now search for their "other half" for fulfillment. For 10 points, name this Platonic dialogue in which Socrates and others discuss the nature of love at a drunken party. ANSWER: Symposium [or Sympousion] <Jackson> 6. The ab initio IGLO method calculates the outcome of this technique, which is used to generate delta-sub-sigma values for carbocations. At very low temperatures, this procedure is used to detect the ring flips of cyclohexane. Ring currents shift the results of this technique downfield. TMS is a standard in this technique, and deuterated (*) chloroform is often used as its solvent. The readout of this procedure has chemical shift on the x-axis. In this technique, a proton adjacent to a methyl group produces a quartet due to spin splitting. Two common forms of it measure the absorption of radio waves by carbon-13 and by protons. For 10 points, name this form of spectroscopy that uses a magnetic field to deduce chemical structures, which is used in MRIs. ANSWER: nuclear magnetic resonance [or NMR; or proton NMR; or other forms of NMR] <Silverman> 7. These objects are supposedly threatened by the development of a 344-millimeter Lepage glue gun. A character who decides to die of pneumonia moves into a hospital that often treats men who work in these objects, and Chief White Halfoat had earlier threatened to slit the throat of one of the officers in charge of them. A man who continually crashes these (*) vehicles escapes to Sweden in a rowboat. These vehicles are the principle means by which the Allies conduct the "Great Big Siege of Bologna". McWatt bisects Kid Sampson with the propeller of one of these vehicles before crashing it into a mountain, and Snowden is killed by the flak that hits one of them. For 10 points, name these vehicles flown by the bombardier Yossarian in Catch-22. ANSWER: airplanes [or bombers] <Mehigan> 8. Feldspar-rich varieties of this rock are called "arkose". Classifications of this rock work from QFL diagrams, which often include an extra dimension for the percent of matrix, which must be at most 75%, to broadly divide them into "arenite" or "wacke". A prominent example of cross-bedding can be found in the walls of this rock at Zion Canyon. "Spiral rock arches" of this rock are famously found in Antelope Canyon. When a type of this rock undergoes metamorphosis, it forms quartzite, and after (*) shale, it is the most abundant sedimentary rock. The namesake of this rock is a granular material whose grain size is larger than silt but smaller than a pebble. For 10 points, name this rock that is made up of material that one finds at the beach. ANSWER: sandstone [prompt on sedimentary rock] <Jose> PACE NSC 2014 5 Page 2 of 13 9. This man's brother-in-law Demetrius Poliorcetes sent him as a hostage to Ptolemy I of Egypt, during which time he married Ptolemy's stepdaughter Antigone. He was killed after a woman dropped either a pot or a roof tile on his head. This man's best known campaign began as an effort to support the city of Tarentum against incursions into Magna Graecia. This commander spent the winter in Campania after defeating (*) Publius Valerius Laevinus. At the 280 BCE Battle of Asculum, and a year later at Heraclea, this man's elephant-laden army suffered heavy casualties against his Roman foes despite carrying the day. For 10 points, name this king of Epirus who lends his name to a type of costly victory. ANSWER: Pyrrhus of Epirus <Bentley> 10. This man warned against the creation of an episcopate in America in his Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law. In response to a request for advice from North Carolina, he wrote a pamphlet praising mixed constitutions, called Thoughts on Government. He received a letter asking him to "willingly give up the harsh title of Master for the more tender and endearing one of Friend." This Unitarian seconded a motion by (*) Richard Henry Lee at the Second Continental Congress to force the first vote on declaring independence. This man was urged to "Remember the ladies" in a letter from his wife. For 10 points, name this Massachusetts patriot, whose cousin Samuel led the Sons of Liberty, a president who died within hours of his rival Thomas Jefferson. ANSWER: John Adams [do not accept "John Quincy Adams"] <Bailey> 11. An anti-monarchical author from this country is most famous for writing the novel The Blind Owl. The narrator of a book set in this country is given swans by her uncle Anoosh, who is executed for being a Russian spy. Another book set in this country is divided into four sections, including "Gatsby", "James", and "Austen", and depicts the founding of a secret club devoted to (*) Western literature. This country is the setting of a graphic novel consisting of "The Story of a Childhood" and "The Story of a Return", as well as an epic which features the story of Sohrab and Rostam, the Shahnameh. For 10 points, name this home of Sadegh Hedayat, the setting of Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis and Azar Nafisi's Reading Lolita in Tehran. ANSWER: Iran [or Persia; or the Islamic Republic of Iran; or Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran] <Carson> 12. On Mount Parnassus, goddesses called the thriae took the form of these animals. In Finnish myth, Otsotar creates one of these animals to help her brew ale. One of these animals sent the Hittite god Telipinu into a rage by waking him up. The Hindu god Kama used a bow whose string was made from these animals. The cultivation of these animals was first taught to the accidental killer of Eurydice, (*) Aristaeus. These animals, which symbolized the Barberini and the Merovingians, created a product that Aeneas put into a cake to pacify Cerberus.