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The US Army Air Forces in WWII
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE Air Force Historical Studies Office 28 June 2011 Errata Sheet for the Air Force History and Museum Program publication: With Courage: the United States Army Air Forces in WWII, 1994, by Bernard C. Nalty, John F. Shiner, and George M. Watson. Page 215 Correct: Second Lieutenant Lloyd D. Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 218 Correct Lieutenant Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 357 Correct Hughes, Lloyd D., 215, 218 To: Hughes, Lloyd H., 215, 218 Foreword In the last decade of the twentieth century, the United States Air Force commemorates two significant benchmarks in its heritage. The first is the occasion for the publication of this book, a tribute to the men and women who served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War 11. The four years between 1991 and 1995 mark the fiftieth anniversary cycle of events in which the nation raised and trained an air armada and com- mitted it to operations on a scale unknown to that time. With Courage: U.S.Army Air Forces in World War ZZ retells the story of sacrifice, valor, and achievements in air campaigns against tough, determined adversaries. It describes the development of a uniquely American doctrine for the application of air power against an opponent's key industries and centers of national life, a doctrine whose legacy today is the Global Reach - Global Power strategic planning framework of the modern U.S. Air Force. The narrative integrates aspects of strategic intelligence, logistics, technology, and leadership to offer a full yet concise account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war. -
Shaef-Sgs-Records.Pdf
363.6 DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER LIBRARY ABILENE, KANSAS SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE, OFFICE OF SECRETARY, GENERAL STAFF: Records, 1943-45 [microfilm] Accession 71-14 Processed by: DJH Date completed: June 1991 The microfilm of the records of the Secretary of the General Staff, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, was sent to the Eisenhower Library by the Modern Military Records Division of the National Archives in September 1969. Linear feet of shelf space occupied: 4 Number of reels of microfilm: 62 Literary rights in the SHAEF records are in the public domain. These records were processed in accordance with the general restrictions on access to government records as set forth by the National Archives. SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) was a joint U.S. - British military organization created in England in February 1944 to carry out the invasion of Western Europe. Dwight D. Eisenhower, an officer of the United States Army, was appointed Supreme Allied Commander. Eisenhower organized his staff along U.S. military lines with separate staff sections devoted to personnel (G-1), intelligence (G-2), operations (G-3), logistics (G-4) and civilian affairs (G-5). The most significant files at SHAEF were kept in the Office of the Secretary of the General Staff (SGS). The SGS office served as a type of central file for SHAEF. The highest-level documents that received the personal attention of the Supreme Allied Commander and the Chief of Staff usually ended up in the SGS files. Many of the staff sections and administrative offices at SHAEF retired material to the SGS files. -
Field-Marshal Albert Kesselring in Context
Field-Marshal Albert Kesselring in Context Andrew Sangster Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy University of East Anglia History School August 2014 Word Count: 99,919 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or abstract must include full attribution. Abstract This thesis explores the life and context of Kesselring the last living German Field Marshal. It examines his background, military experience during the Great War, his involvement in the Freikorps, in order to understand what moulded his attitudes. Kesselring's role in the clandestine re-organisation of the German war machine is studied; his role in the development of the Blitzkrieg; the growth of the Luftwaffe is looked at along with his command of Air Fleets from Poland to Barbarossa. His appointment to Southern Command is explored indicating his limited authority. His command in North Africa and Italy is examined to ascertain whether he deserved the accolade of being one of the finest defence generals of the war; the thesis suggests that the Allies found this an expedient description of him which in turn masked their own inadequacies. During the final months on the Western Front, the thesis asks why he fought so ruthlessly to the bitter end. His imprisonment and trial are examined from the legal and historical/political point of view, and the contentions which arose regarding his early release. -
Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 46
ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 46 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. First published in the UK in 2009 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361 4231 Printed by Windrush Group Windrush House Avenue Two Station Lane Witney OX28 4XW 3 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal N B Baldwin CB CBE FRAeS Vice-Chairman Group Captain J D Heron OBE Secretary Group Captain K J Dearman FRAeS Membership Secretary Dr Jack Dunham PhD CPsychol AMRAeS Treasurer J Boyes TD CA Members Air Commodore G R Pitchfork MBE BA FRAes *J S Cox Esq BA MA *Dr M A Fopp MA FMA FIMgt *Group Captain A J Byford MA MA RAF *Wing Commander P K Kendall BSc ARCS MA RAF Wing Commander C Cummings Editor & Publications Wing Commander C G Jefford MBE BA Manager *Ex Officio 4 CONTENTS OPENING ADDRESS – Air Chf Mshl Sir David Cousins 7 THE NORTHERN MEDITERRANEAN 1943-1945 by Wg 9 Cdr Andrew Brookes AIRBORNE FORCES IN THE NORTH MEDITERRANEAN 20 THEATRE OF OPERATIONS by Wg Cdr Colin Cummings DID ALLIED AIR INTERDICTION -
1 Canadian Armoured Brigade and the Battle of Lake
1 CANADIAN ARMOURED BRIGADE AND THE BATTLE OF LAKE TRASIMENE, 20-28 JUNE 1944 by William John Pratt Bachelor of Arts, University of Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in the Graduate Academic Unit of History Supervisor: Marc Milner, PhD, History Examining Board: David Charters, PhD, History Marc Milner, PhD, History Larry Wisniewski, PhD, Sociology This thesis is accepted by the Dean of Graduate Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK May, 2010 © William Pratt, 2010 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du 1+1 Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-87614-5 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-87614-5 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. -
Kirchubel on Citino, 'The Wehrmacht's Last Stand: the German Campaigns of 1944-1945'
H-War Kirchubel on Citino, 'The Wehrmacht's Last Stand: The German Campaigns of 1944-1945' Review published on Saturday, May 5, 2018 Robert M. Citino. The Wehrmacht's Last Stand: The German Campaigns of 1944-1945. Modern War Studies Series. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2017. Illustrations, maps. 632 pp. $34.95 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-7006-2494-2. Reviewed by Robert Kirchubel (Purdue University)Published on H-War (May, 2018) Commissioned by Margaret Sankey (Air War College) Printable Version: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=51318 Robert M. Citino, presently at the National WWII Museum, has again teamed up with the University Press of Kansas for his latest installment on modern German military history. The Wehrmacht’s Last Stand investigates Germany’s final battles against the Soviet Union and the Western Allies to its east, south, and west. As we have come to expect from Citino, the book is thoroughly researched, clearly narrated, and tightly argued. While Wehrmacht’s Last Stand synthesizes a great number of secondary materials—a review of its bibliography reveals only a couple pre-1945 German military journals that could be considered primary sources—it is full of new insights and thought-provoking interpretations of key events in late World War II.[1] Citino takes military historians to school by demonstrating how operational history should be written, at a time when elements of the academy consider that subdiscipline passé and of doubtful utility. The Wehrmacht had a good run during the first two years of the war, then a couple years of transition (notably against the USSR), but in Wehrmacht’s Last Stand it is reeling backward on every front. -
Battle of Monte Cassino
Battle of Monte Cassino 17 January thru 18 May 1944 Monte Cassino Abbey in November 2004 The Battle of Monte Cassino (also known as the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino) was a costly series of four assaults by the Allies against the Winter Line in Italy held by the Germans and Italians during the Italian Campaign of World War II. The intention was a breakthrough to Rome. At the beginning of 1944, the western half of the Winter Line was being anchored by Germans holding the Rapido, Liri, and Garigliano valleys and some of the surrounding peaks and ridges. Together, these features formed the Gustav Line. Monte Cassino, a historic hilltop abbey founded in AD 529 by Benedict of Nursia, dominated the nearby town of Cassino and the entrances to the Liri and Rapido valleys, but had been left unoccupied by the German defenders. The Germans had, however, manned some positions set into the steep slopes below the abbey's walls. 1 Fearing that the abbey did form part of the Germans' defensive line, primarily as a lookout post, the Allies sanctioned its bombing on 15 February and American bombers proceeded to drop 1,400 tons of bombs onto it. The destruction and rubble left by the bombing raid now provided better protection from aerial and artillery attacks, so, two days later, German paratroopers took up positions in the abbey's ruins. Between 17 January and 18 May, Monte Cassino and the assaulted four times by Allied troops, the last involving twenty divisions attacking along a twenty-mile Gustav defenses were front. -
'First to Fight'
THE INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL ‘FIRST TO FIGHT’ REMEMBRANCE – COMMISSION FOR THE POLES THE PROSECUTION OF CRIMES AGAINST ON THE FRONT LINES THE POLISH NATION OF WORLD WAR II. ŁÓDŹ 2017 r. Curator: This exhibition consists of archival materials Artur Ossowski and photographs from the collections of: Australian War Memorial (AWM) Script: Imperial War Museum (IWM) Paweł Kowalski Artur Ossowski Institute of National Remembrance Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, IPN) Paweł Spodenkiewicz ( Prof. Janusz Wróbel Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum in London Magdalena Zapolska-Downar (Instytut Polski i Muzeum im. gen. Sikorskiego, IPMS) Museum of Polish Arms in Kołobrzeg Review of the script: (Muzeum Oręża Polskiego, MOP) Maciej Korkuć PhD Museum of Pro-Independence Traditions in Łódź (Muzeum Tradycji Niepodległościowych, MTN) Art design: Regional Museum in Piotrków Trybunalski dr Milena Romanowska Polish Army Museum in Warsaw (Muzeum Wojska Polskiego, MWP) Illustrations: Jacek Wróblewski National Digital Archive in Warsaw (Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe) Maps: KARTA Centre (Ośrodek Karta, OK) Sebastian Kokoszewski Polish Press Agency (Polska Agencja Prasowa, PAP) Typesetting: Master, Łódź Front cover: No. 303 Squadron pilots in front of Hawker Hurricane, 24 October 1940. From left to right: Second Lieutenant Mirosław Ferić (died on 14 February 1942), Canadian Captain John A. Kent, Second Lieutenant Bogdan Grzeszczak (died on 28 Au- gust 1941), Second Lieutenant Jerzy Radomski, Second Lieutenant Jan Zumbach, Second Lieutenant Witold Łokuciewski, Second Lieutenant Bogusław Mierzwa (died on 16 April 1941), Lieutenant Zdzisław Henneberg (died on 12 April 1941), Sergeant Jan Rogowski, and Sergeant Eugeniusz Szaposznikow. (Photo by Stanley Devon/IWM) 3 A member oF the AntI-German CoalitIon World War II ended 70 years ago, but the memory of the conflict is still alive and stirs extreme emotions. -
01-17-1944 Monte Cassino.Indd
This Day in History… January 17, 1944 Battle of Monte Cassino On January 17, 1944, the Allies launched one of the longest and bloodiest fights of the Italian campaign – the Battle of Monte Cassino. Although Italy had surrendered on September 3, 1943, Germany was determined to fight for control of the Italian mainland. In a series of head-on assaults, the Allies slowly battled their way up the Italian peninsula to Monte Cassino, 75 miles south of Rome. Their efforts were slowed by bad weather, difficult terrain, and From the 1943: Turning the Tide the tough German defense, particularly by General Kesselring’s Sheet forces at the Gustav Line. Fighting in the first stage of the Battle of Monte Cassino began on January 17, 1944, with British troops attacking the Germans across a 20-mile-wide front along the coast. The Allies launched another attack two days later, and as a result, the Germans called in additional support from Rome to reinforce their defenses. Fighting continued for several weeks with the Allies gaining ground, but they were unable to keep it. While that fighting was going on, the Allies launched Operation Shingle, landing 36,000 men at Anzio on January 22, 1944. Surprising the Germans from behind, the Allied forces were met with little opposition. However, rather than pushing forward, they attempted to further reinforce their position, allowing Kesselring time to develop a powerful counteroffensive which kept the Allies pinned down at Anzio for four long months. Meanwhile, Allied leaders believed the Germans had set up observation posts at the Benedictine monastery on Monte Cassino. -
Berlin/Brandenburg Address (Robinson/Rosenberger) 06/12/1987 (13) Box: 335A
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Speechwriting, White House Office of: Speech Drafts: Records, 1981-1989 Folder Title: Berlin/Brandenburg Address (Robinson/Rosenberger) 06/12/1987 (13) Box: 335A To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library. :l::; Collection Name SPEECHWRITING, OFFICE OF: SPEECH DRAFTS Withdrawer · MID 7/1/2008 File Folder BERLIN -BRANDENBURG ADDRESS 06/12/0987 (13) FOIA S08-107 Box Number 35 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages ... ~ () .. f".ciN ,.,.~ .. "'~ ~ 54582MEMO ALLEN WALLIS TO DONALD . h,.,..,, I 2 2/27/1987 Bl REGAN/FRANK CARLUCCI RE VENICE ECONOMIC SUMMIT ...5A-S-83 PAf>ER - RE BERLIN SPEECH 5 ~/27/1~ JPJIJ(Dt\_ DoetJMEN<f-P-:ENUING REVIEW-- IN ACCOROA.NG&WFfII B.O. 19233• 54584MEMO RLR TO COLIN RE -BERLIN SPEECH 2 5/27/1987 Bl > f ....,,......,:,,. "-J,,. The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act - (5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified Information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose Internal personnel rules and practices of -
Evolution of United States Navy Amphibious Landing Doctrine During World War II
University of South Dakota USD RED Honors Thesis Theses, Dissertations, and Student Projects 5-2020 Evolution of United States Navy Amphibious Landing Doctrine During World War II Jaedon A. Foreman University of South Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://red.library.usd.edu/honors-thesis Part of the Military, War, and Peace Commons Recommended Citation Foreman, Jaedon A., "Evolution of United States Navy Amphibious Landing Doctrine During World War II" (2020). Honors Thesis. 104. https://red.library.usd.edu/honors-thesis/104 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Student Projects at USD RED. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Thesis by an authorized administrator of USD RED. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVOLUTION OF UNITED STATES NAVY AMPHIBIOUS LANDING DOCTRINE DURING WORLD WAR II by Jaedon A. Foreman A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the University Honors Program Department of History The University of South Dakota May 2020 The members of the Honors Thesis Committee appointed to examine the thesis of Jaedon A. Foreman find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted Dr. Gregory Huckabee Beacom School of Business Director of the Committee Dr. Kurt Hackemer Provost, University of South Dakota Mr. Jacob Aus Student Veteran Resource Center Coordinator ii ABSTRACT EVOLUTION OF UNITED STATES NAVY AMPHIBIOUS LANDING DOCTRINE DURING WORLD WAR II Jaedon A. Foreman Director: Dr. Gregory Huckabee Leaving World War I and heading into World War II the United States Navy had to prepare for an unforeseen future on the open seas. -
Italy Had Dropped out of the War, but the Germans Were Still There
By John T. Correll ✪ the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943, the Italians arrested dictator Benito Mus- solini and removed him from offi ce. Field Marshal Pietro Badoglio, former head of the armed forces, was Italy had dropped out of the war, but appointed by King Victor Emmanuel III to head the government and began secret the Germans were still there. negotiations for an armistice. Italy surrendered unconditionally on Sept. 8. Two days later, Germany—up to then Italy’s partner in the Axis pact—occupied Rome. Badoglio and the king fl ed south to the Allied lines. The Germans rescued Mussolini, who had been confi ned in a remote German Federal Archives photo mountain lodge, Sept.10 and installed 96 AIR FORCE Magazine / September 2016 USAF photo him as the figurehead of a puppet re- which figured to be the first Axis capi- the Balkans and, as Churchill put it, the gime in German-held northern Italy. tal to fall. “No objective can compete “soft underbelly” of Europe. Meanwhile, the invasion proceeded. with the capture of Rome,” said British The Americans, who now provided The British Eighth Army crossed the Prime Minister Winston Churchill. an increasingly larger share of the Strait of Messina from Sicily to land On the eve of the Salerno landing, the forces for the war, refused to put off at Reggio Calibria and Taranto in the Allies considered dropping paratroopers the cross-Channel strategy any longer. southern end of the Italian boot. The from the US 82nd Airborne near Rome A target date of May 1944 was set for main effort, however, was by the US to link up with Italian forces and seize the invasion of France, which had been Fifth Army, which went ashore on the city.