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World Bank Document E2416 Public Disclosure Authorized FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION (EEPCO) Ethiopia- Additional Financing for Energy Access Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Power System Planning February 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized List of Acronyms % Percent BP Bank Policy MoFED Ministry of Finance and Economic Development MoME Ministry of Mines and Energy CBE Commercial Bank of Ethiopia CFL Compact Florescent Lamp CSA Central Statistical Authority dB decibel EEPCo Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation EHS Environmental Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact assessment EPA Environmental Protection Authority EMP Environmental Management Plan ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework EA Environmental Assessment E.C. Ethiopian Calendar EWNHS. Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society EARO Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization EHS-MP Environmental Health and Safety Management Plan EHS Environmental Health and Safety EAP Energy Access Project FDRE The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia GM /CEO General Manager /Chief Executive Officer GO Government Organization HH House Hold HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ha Hectare ICS Inter-connected System IPDP Indigenous Peoples Development Plan IBCR Institute for Biodiversity Conservation Research km2 Square kilometers km Kilometer MNREP Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection m Meter mts Meters m.a.s.l Meters above sea level m.b.s.l. Meters below sea level MHP Mini Hydro power mm Millimeter MW Megawatt No. Number NGOs Non-governmental Organization OP Operational Policy OD Operational Directive oC Degrees Celsius Proc. Proclamation PAPs Project affected Peoples PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants PSP Power System Planning RAP Resettlement Action Plan RR Rural Road SCS Self-contained Systems STDs Sexually Transmitted Diseases SE Supervising Engineer T.B. Tuberculosis TVET Technical Vocational Education Training USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency vol. Volume WB World Bank Table of Contents List of Acronyms EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Introduction…………………………………………................ .................................1 1.1 The Need for Rehabilitating the distribution system and Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal wells at Aluto Langano …...….................................. 3 1.2 Background and General……………………………………………… ……..5 1.3 Objective of the ESMF…………………………………………............. ....... 5 1.4 . Project Components …………………………………………… …….6 1.5. Scope of Project and the Assessment ………………………………… ……..7 1.6. Environmental and Social Planning…………………………………………..8 2. Existing Policy, Legal and Administrative Frameworks ………………............10 2.1. National Environmental Requirements………………………………………10 2.1.1. National Legal Requirements …………………………………………..10 2.1.2. National Legislation on Expropriation of Land and Compensation… … 11 2.1.3 Research and Conservation of Ethiopian Cultural heritage ……………… 11 2.1.4. Ethiopia’s Environmental Policy ………………… ………… ……… 12 2.1.5. National EIA Procedural Guidelines……………………… … ……12 2.1.6. EEPCo’s Environmental Guidelines for the Power sector……… … ...13 2.1.7 Institutional Framework …………………………… . …………...13 2.2. The World Bank’s Requirements…… ……………… ……………………17 2.2.1. The Bank’s Safeguard Policies………………………………… ……17 2.2.2 OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment……………… …………………17 2.2.3 OP/BP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources ……………… …… …. 18 2.2.4 OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement………………………………. 19 2.2.5 Forestry (OP/BP 4.36)……………………… ……………… …..19 2.2.6 OP/BP 7.50 Projects on International waterways ……………… .. 20 2.2.7 Bank’s Policy on Disclosure………………… ………… ………….20 3. Description of the Proposed Project ………………………………………….20 3.1 Project Description…………………………………………… …………..20 3.1.1 Distribution Rehabilitation Project …………………… …………. 20 3.1.2. Substations Upgrading and Rehabilitation (19 substations)…… …22 3.1.3. Intensification of Connection in Urban and Rural towns… …… 22 3.1.4. Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano… … 23 4. Description of Baseline Environmental Conditions……………………..... 26 4.1 The Afar Regional State………………………………… ……… ……...26 4.2 Tigray Regional State ………………………………… …………………..33 4.3 Amhara Regional State………………………… ……………………… .35 4.4 The Oromia Regional State …………………… ……. ……… ..39 4.5 Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State……………………………………….41 4.6 Gambela Regional State……………………………………………………44 4.7 Somali Regional State ……………………………………………………..49 4.8 The Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Administration……… 58 5. Distribution Rehabilitation Project 7 Cities Baseline Information……… ..55 5.1. Bahir Dar City ……………………………………………………… ...55 5.2. Mekele City…………………………………………………………….58 5.3. Jima City ……………………………………………………………… 59 5.4. Awassa City ………………………………………………………… ...61 5.5. Dessie City ………………………………………………………… …64 5.6. Nazareth City ………………………………………………………….68 5.7. Dire Dawa City ……………………………………………………… 69 6. Baseline information for Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano …………………………………………………….72 7. Analysis of Alternatives………………………………………………………75 7.1. Rehabilitating the Distribution System)……………………………...75 7.1.1 No Development …………………………………………….75 7.1.2 Alternative Energy Source……………………………………….. 75 7.2. Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano………....75 8. Potential Environmental and Social Impacts ……………………………76 8.1 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures………………………… 76 8.2 Positive Impacts (Rehabilitating the Distribution System)…………....78 8.3 Positive Impacts (Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano ………………………………………… … .78 8.4 Negative Impacts (Rehabilitating the Distribution System) ………….78 8.5 Negative Impacts (Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano ……………………………………………….79 8.6 Impacts of PCB Chemicals …………………………………………...80 8.7 Socioeconomic and Cultural …………………………………...80 8.8 Impacts on Cultural Heritage ………………………………………. 81 8.9 Bird and Power Line Interactions. ……………………………… …...81 8.10 Potential Water Related Impacts ……………………………… ….82 9. Mitigation Measures …………………………………………… … ...85 9.1 Rehabilitating the Distribution System …………………………… …85 9.2. Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano ……… ..85 10. Environmental Management Plan for Energy Access Project Implementation……………………………………89 11. General Mitigation Issues and EEPCo Commitments……………………94 12. Institutional Arrangements…………………………………………………95 13. ESMF Implementation and Management …………………………………96 14. Environmental and Social Monitoring and Management……………… 97 14.1 Mitigation Principles and Clauses ……………………………… .97 14.2. Work place HIV/AIDS Program………………………………… 97 14.3. Air Quality Management ………………………………………… 98 14.4. Soil Quality Management ………………………………………… 98 14.5. Water Resource Management …………………………………… 98 14.6. Noise Abatement ………………………………………………... 99 14.7. Health and Safety………………………………………………... 99 14.8. Application of Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines… 99 15. Roles & Responsibilities of Major Actor.………………………… 100 15.1. Major Actors…………………………………………………… 100 15.2. Energy Access Project ………………………………………… .100 15.3. Power System Planning………………………………………… 100 15.4. The Contractors………………………………………………… 101 15.5. Supervision Engineer /SE/.…………………………………… 101 15.6. The Community ……………………………………………… 101 15.7 Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage (ARCCH) …………………………………………. 102 15.8. Ministry of Mines and Energy ……………… 102 15.9. Local NGOs …………………………………………………… 102 16. Implementation of Compensation ……………………………….. 102 17. Environmental Monitoring ………………………………………. 102 18. Reporting Procedure……………………………………………… 103 19. Estimated Environmental Mitigation Costs ……………………. 104 20. Submission / clearance of ESMF ………………………………… 105 Bibliography and Reference ……………………….…………….. 106 Annex,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 108 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The purpose of the ESMF is to clarify the policies, principles and procedures that will govern the mitigation of adverse environmental and social impacts induced by the Additional Financing for the Energy Access Project. It is found useful to have a policy document establishing principles and procedures that will govern the mitigation of adverse environmental and social impacts induced by the Energy Access Project operations, to share with various stakeholders in the power sector. The project components under the Additional Financing for the Energy Access Project are: 1. Urban Distribution Rehabilitation (seven cities) 2. Substations Upgrading and Rehabilitation (19 substations) 3. Intensification of Connection in Urban and Rural towns 4. Drilling of Four Deep Geothermal Wells at Aluto Langano The Urban Distribution Rehabilitation is not expected to induce significant environmental and social impacts because the rehabilitation activities will all take place within the existing distribution system. The second component, Substation Upgrading and Rehabilitation, will also be carried out on existing substations and hence negative environmental and social impacts are not anticipated in this component. The purpose of the third component, Intensification of Connection in Urban and Rural towns, is to increase electricity penetration to more households. However, this project component is not expected to induce significant environmental and social impacts since connections will be made from the existing
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