DOCSLIB.ORG

Catasetinae Plant Culture by Fred Clarke Secrets of Success for Growing Cycnoches, Catasetum, Mormodes and Clowesia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Catasetinae Plant Culture by Fred Clarke Secrets of Success for Growing Cycnoches, Catasetum, Mormodes and Clowesia CULTURE CORNER Catasetinae Plant Culture By Fred Clarke Secrets of Success for Growing Cycnoches, Catasetum, Mormodes and Clowesia pollinia and it shoots out from the flower. These flowering habits and traits are unusual, adding to their intrigue. The cultural information below is a generalization and will apply in most situations; however, each grower and growing environment is different. I encourage you to make adjustments based on your experience and growing conditions. GROWTH CYCLES Plants in the Catasetinae have distinctive growth and rest periods (dormancy). For best plant development, it is important to understand and respect these growth phases. When the plants are in active growth, maintain constant root-zone moisture and fertilize regularly. This is essential to optimizing the development of new growth. When the plants are dormant, little or no water is needed as the pseudobulbs store enough moisture FRED CLARKE and nutrients to survive dormancy. Catasetinae culture is not difficult. All I GOT HOOKED ON THIS GROUP OF growth phase where you can almost it takes is an understanding of the plants almost 20 years ago when I watch them grow. In nature, the factors seasonal growth patterns. The plants’ purchased a package deal of five plants determining dormancy are marked by the vegetative state signals to the grower for the price of four from a JEM end of the rainy season and the resulting their changing needs. Interpret the Orchids’ ad in the AOS Bulletin (now cooler night temperatures. This com- signals and make the appropriate cultural called Orchids). I received them in the bination is the dormancy trigger. Few adjustments. Here is what to look for: spring and they grew well under my orchid plants go through so many rapid Early Spring Catasetinae begin cattleya conditions. In the autumn, seasonal changes. Once you under- their new growth in early spring. when the leaves yellowed and began stand their requirements, this unique However, watering should wait until the dropping off I got worried, so I began growth cycle makes these plants fun new growth has well-developed new reading about catasetums and learned to grow and flower. roots. This means you should let the how they had a need for a winter dry The flowers are equally intriguing. new roots grow to an approximate dormancy and that, to my relief, leaf Like most orchids, Mormodes and length of 3 to 5 inches (7.5 to 12.5 cm) drop was normal. The following season Clowesia have perfect flowers with before you begin watering. Let me I again had excellent growth and in late both male and female floral segments. emphasize this point. Wait to water summer the plants began blooming. The However, Cycnoches and Catasetum until the new roots are well developed. flower color, shapes and fragrances can flower with male or female flowers Waiting to water is not easy; my were like none I had ever seen before that sometimes are quite different from natural instinct is to begin watering and that, combined with the seasonal one another. As one might imagine, this when I see new growth, but I have changes, made me realize these plants flowering habit led to much confusion learned through trial and error that it is were for me. One of those original when many of the species were better to wait to water than start plants, Cycnodes Jem’s Dragon discovered and described in the late watering too soon. I also believe that ‘Sunset Valley Orchids’ (Cycnoches 19th century. This male/female flower Catasetinae roots deteriorate during chlorochilon × Mormodes frymirei) trait is called floral dimorphism and it dormancy and in the following year became my first FCC/AOS. adds interest to the flowers, but it is they are not as effective at taking up Some of the most unusual and the male flowers that are generally the moisture and nutrients. This makes the intriguing types of orchids are found showiest. Another aspect of the di- new roots vital in the plant’s health and in the Catasetinae, a group that morphism, particularly in Catasetum, is reinforces the message about not includes several genera, among them, the male flowers’ ability to eject or watering too early. Cycnoches, Catasetum, Mormodes shoot their pollinia. One of the funniest Mid-Season Once the new roots and Clowesia. As a part of their annual things in the greenhouse is to watch are sufficiently developed, this is the growth cycle, these orchids have the expression of an unsuspecting period where the plants are rapidly distinct winter dormancy and an active guest when he or she triggers the developing their new pseudobulbs. 346 ORCHIDS MAY 2007 WWW.AOS.ORG RICHARD CLARK There is a surprising amount of growth will begin to enter the dormancy phase. OPPOSITE Fred Clarke in his Vista, that occurs in these three to four Understanding a plant’s signals of the California, greenhouse surrounded by months; often the plants will double initiation of dormany and the factors encyclias, a group of orchids he enjoys. their size. Due to this, the plants require triggering it are important in good ABOVE The author’s first plant to receive plant’s culture. The first signals are the constant moisture and regular fert- a First Class Certificate was Cycnodes ilization. In most cases, irrigation will yellowing and browning off of the Jem’s Dragon ‘Sunset Valley Orchids’, be needed two or three times a week. A leaves. At this time, stop fertilizing and balanced fertilizer at full strength is reduce watering by one half. When FCC/AOS (Cycnoches chlorochilon × suitable for this rapid growth. Light most leaves are yellow/brown and have Mormodes frymirei). levels at or above those suggested for dropped off, cease watering altogether. cattleyas will help ensure good strong The general rule to follow is: by The onset of dormancy is caused growth and flowering. This is the time November 15th stop fertilization and by several factors: the maturity of the when the fruits of your labor will begin reduce watering by one half. Most pseudobulb, shorter day length, cooler to pay off as the flowering season is leaves should have yellowed or fallen day/night temperatures and a re- under way. off by January 1st; however, if the duction of root-zone moisture. In most Late Season Sometime after plants still have leaves all irrigation of the United States, dormancy occurs flowering, in the late autumn, the plants should be stopped. naturally. But when the plants are WWW.AOS.ORG MAY 2007 ORCHIDS 347 CULTURE CORNER FRED CLARKE cultivated in warm growing areas, such light levels comparable to those given baskets and cork slabs will all work. Do as South Texas, Florida, Hawaii or in to cattleyas, about 2,500–4,000 foot- not overpot Catasetinae; select a pot the home or under lights, sometimes candles. However, the plants are widely size that will allow for two to three years dormancy needs to be encouraged. I adaptable and do well with light levels of growth. have found that stopping watering in as low as 1,500 foot-candles and as Fertilizer When the plants are in early January regardless of the number high as 5,000 foot-candles. For optimal active growth, regularly use 1 teaspoon of green leaves will trigger dormancy. growth I suggest a southern exposure of your favorite fertilizer per gallon of Watering during dormancy should or a location where the plants will water. only be done if the plant shrivels receive plenty of bright filtered light. Air Movement Catasetinae benefit severely. Usually a single irrigation is Medium For mature plants, I have from abundant air movement. If you are sufficient to restore the pseudobulbs. been using a 50/50 of mix of coconut- growing in a greenhouse, use air In summary, follow these steps: husk chips and Maidenwell diatomite. circulating fans. Also, suspending the ◆ As the new growth develops wait When using coconut-husk chips, the plants allows for maximum air move- to irrigate until the new roots are well contained salts need to be leached out ment around them and often they do developed and are 3 to 5 inches (7.5 to prior to use. Always use a triple 24-hour best hanging. 12.5 cm) long. Don’t be in a hurry to soak, changing the water between each Repotting and Dividing This is water; it is better to wait. treatment prior to use. done as the new growth is just starting ◆ Irrigate and fertilize frequently For seedlings up to a 3-inch (7.5- to develop and before the new roots while the plants are in active growth. cm) pot size, I like to use New Zealand start to show. (Remember, no watering ◆ Stop fertilization and reduce sphagnum moss with the bottom one until the roots are well established, irrigation by one half by mid November. third of the pot filled with styrofoam about 3 to 5 inches, or 7.5 to 12.5 cm, ◆ Cease watering by January 1st. peanuts. However, this group of long). Unlike most orchid plants, CULTURE I use the following orchids is not too particular in what it Catasetinae do well when divided into techniques in my greenhouse, but they is potted in and any well-drained pieces consisting of two pseudobulbs. could also be applied to growing areas medium will do. Divisions are made by cutting with a on a windowsill and under lights. Containers I prefer to grow in sterile tool or by pulling the pseudo- Light Catasetinae do best with plastic pots; however, clay pots, bulbs apart. I try to keep the size of my 348 ORCHIDS MAY 2007 WWW.AOS.ORG FRED CLARKE plants at between two and five Clarke (herenhusanum × barthiorum) OPPOSITE Hundreds of plants of pseudobulbs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Catasetums and Their Kin by Sue Bottom, [email protected]
    St. Augustine Orchid Society www.staugorchidsociety.org Catasetums and Their Kin by Sue Bottom, [email protected] Do you get tired of taking care of your orchids in the winter? Wouldn’t you like an orchid you don’t have to water or fuss with during the cold winter months? The Catasetinae, consisting mainly of the Catasetums, Clowesias, Cycnoches, Mormodes and their hybrids, are a great group of orchids. Many are easy to grow and bloom once you understand their cultural needs. They explode with new growth during the summer growing season requiring copious amounts of water and fertilizer and most of them go into a deep sleep during the winter when they can be mostly ignored. You can put them in a dry corner, garage or closet and not worry about them at all during the winter as long as the temperature does not fall below 55. They are repotted in the winter during dormancy or in early spring as new growth emerges but not watered until that new growth is 4 or 5 inches tall. Simple! When you first start growing the Catasetinae, you tend to think of Catasetums, Clowesias, Cycnoches and Mormodes all as one generic group, lumped together as catasetums. You learn the basics of how they like bright light, plenty of air movement and plenty of water and fertilizer during the growing season. Once you get the fever and you start growing the different varieties, you learn about some of the differences in growing and blooming the different genera. Catasetums and Clowesias are the most easily grown of all the Catasetinae.
    [Show full text]
  • Catasetums, Cycnoches and Clowesias Understanding the Growth Cycle Is Key to Success
    Cycnoches cooperi is primarily from Peru. Colors range from burnished brass to chocolate brown. Grower: Greg Allikas. The Beginner’s Guide to Growing Don Garling. Catasetums, Cycnoches and Clowesias Understanding the Growth Cycle is Key to Success GREG ALLIKAS TEXT AND PHOTOGRAPHS BY FRED CLARKE WWW.AOS.ORG MARCH 2012 ORCHIDS 167 ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO KNOW and vandas at about 2,500–4,000 foot- how to grow an orchid genus is to un- candles; this is where a strong shadow will derstand the conditions under which they be cast by your hand when held 12 inches grow naturally. Catasetinae — a group that (30 cm) above the plant. For under-lights includes the genera Catasetum, Cycnoches culture, the foliage should be as close to and Clowesia — live where there are two the light source as possible without burn- distinct weather patterns: a hot, humid and ing the leaves. rainy monsoonal summer followed by a Temperatures Summer: days 70–95 dry, cool winter. Catasetinae plants have F (21–35 C), nights 60–75 F (16–24 C). adapted to these weather conditions by Winter: days 60–75 F (16–24 C), nights having a growth phase in the summer fol- 55–65 F (13–18 C). lowed by a rest period or dormancy when Air Movement Plants in the Cataseti- the leaves yellow and drop off in winter. nae, like almost all orchids, do best with When the plants are dormant, little or no abundant air movement, so give plenty water is needed as the pseudobulbs store of it.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollination Biology in the Dioecious Orchid Catasetum Uncatum
    Phytochemistry 116 (2015) 149–161 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Phytochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/phytochem Pollination biology in the dioecious orchid Catasetum uncatum: How does floral scent influence the behaviour of pollinators? ⇑ Paulo Milet-Pinheiro a,b, , Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro a, Stefan Dötterl c, Airton Torres Carvalho d, Carlos Eduardo Pinto e, Manfred Ayasse b, Clemens Schlindwein f a Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, 50670-901 Recife, Brazil b Institute of Experimental Ecology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany c Department of Organismic Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria d Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Avenida Francisco Mota 572, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil e Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Entomologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto-São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil f Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil article info abstract Article history: Catasetum is a neotropical orchid genus that comprises about 160 dioecious species with a remarkable Received 6 October 2014 sexual dimorphism in floral morphology. Flowers of Catasetum produce perfumes as rewards, which Received in revised form 23 February 2015 are collected only by male euglossine bees. Currently, floral scents are known to be involved in the selec- Available online 11 March 2015 tive attraction of specific euglossine species. However, sexual dimorphism in floral scent and its eventual role in the pollination of Catasetum species have never been investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • ORCHIDACEAE, Genus Catasetum
    Mato Grosso, BRASIL ORCHIDACEAE, genus Catasetum 1 Adarilda Petini-Benelli1, Thiago Junqueira Izzo1, Eric de Camargo Smidt2 & Sérgio Alberto Queiroz Costa3 1.Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT); 2.Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); 3.Bolsista da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa, Extensão e Ensino em Ciências Agrárias -FUNPEA Fotos: Adarilda Petini-Benelli, exceto quando indicado. Produzido por: Adarilda Petini-Benelli. Endangered (IUCN) status (www.iucnredlist.org) © Adarilda Petini-Benelli [[email protected]]. Apoio: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES [http://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [767] versão 1 08/2016 1 Catasetum albovirens 2 Catasetum × altaflorestense 3 Catasetum × apolloi 4 Catasetum × apolloi 5 Catasetum aripuanense ♂ ♂ ♂ ♀ ♂ 6 Catasetum ariquemense 7 Catasetum atratum 8 Catasetum barbatum ♀ 9 Catasetum barbatum flores ♂ 10 Catasetum blackii ♂ ♂ hermafrodita, foto: SAQ Costa foto: Omar Chmieleski ♂ 11 Catasetum boyi 12 Catasetum × canaense ♂ 13 Catasetum × canaense ♀ 14 Catasetum cirrhaeoides 15 Catasetum complanatum ♂ foto: Jânio A. Lira foto: Sandro M. Araújo ♂ ♂ 16 Catasetum confusum ♂ 17 Catasetum discolor 18 Catasetum discolor 19 Catasetum discolor ♀ 20 Catasetum × faustoi foto: Sérgio A. Q. Costa ♂ ♂ e hermafrodita ♂ Mato Grosso, BRASIL ORCHIDACEAE, genus Catasetum 2 Adarilda Petini-Benelli1, Thiago Junqueira Izzo1, Eric de Camargo Smidt2 & Sérgio Alberto Queiroz Costa 3 1.Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT); 2.Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); 3.Bolsista da Fundação
    [Show full text]
  • Rudolf Schlechter's South-American Orchids Iii
    LANKESTERIANA 20(2): 167–216. 2020. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v20i2.42849 RUDOLF SCHLECHTER’S SOUTH-AMERICAN ORCHIDS III. SCHLECHTER’S “NETWORK”: NORTH AND NORTHEAST BRAZIL, THE GUIANAS CARLOS OSSENBACH1,2,4 & RUDOLF JENNY3 1Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, P.O.Box 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica 2Orquideario 25 de mayo, Sabanilla de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica 3Jany Renz Herbarium, Swiss Orchid Foundation, Switzerland 4Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The third chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids presents concise biographical information about those botanists and orchid collectors who were related to Schlechter and worked in north and northeastern Brazil, as well as in the three Guianas. As an introduction, a brief geographical outline is presented, dividing the northern territories in four zones: the Amazon basin, the Araguaia-Tocantins river basin, the Northeast region and the Guianas. It is followed by a short mention of the historical milestones in the history of orchids in these regions during the preceding centuries. KEY WORDS: Amazon River, biography, Brazil Nordeste, history of botany, Orchidaceae, Roraima, Tocantins River The Amazonas and Tocantins River basins, and the Finally we have the Brazilian states that form the Northeast region. As we have read in the previous coastline from Pará in the north to Espirito Santo in chapter, southern Brazil (taking the capital city of the south, namely eastern Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Brasilia as its northernmost point) is part of the La Plata Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, River basin, which drains into the southern Atlantic Sergipe, and Bahia, which occupy the rest of northern Ocean (Ossenbach & Jenny 2019: 207, fig.
    [Show full text]
  • A NEW SPECIES of CATASETUM (ORCHIDACEAE: CATASETINAE) from CASANARE, COLOMBIA Miguel M
    LANKESTERIANA 17(3): 403–409. 2017. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v17i3.31644 A NEW SPECIES OF CATASETUM (ORCHIDACEAE: CATASETINAE) FROM CASANARE, COLOMBIA MIGUEL M. BONILLA MORALES1, JOHAN DE J. MOSQUERA HERNÁNDEZ1 & ADARILDA PETINI-BENELLI2,3 1 Grupo de investigación EduciTec, Lic. Pdn Agropecuaria, Universidad de los Llanos, Sede Barcelona, Villavicencio, Colombia 2 Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of the Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2.367, Bairro Boa Esperança, CCBS-II, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil 3 Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT. A new species of Catasetum was found in eastern Colombia, Casanare Department, in the Orinoquía bioregion. The species is described and illustrated, and data associated with its phenology, distribution and conservation status are discussed. The new species, C. lucisuareziae, is related to other species found in the same region, like C. rectangulare and C. callosum, from which it mainly differs by the three-lobed labellum and the presence of two subglobular calli at the base. RESUMEN. Una nueva especie de Catasetum fue encontrada en el departamento de Casanare hacia el oriente de Colombia, en la bioregión de la Orinoquía. Se describe e ilustra la especie y se estipulan parámetros asociados a su fenología, distribución y estado de conservación. La nueva especie, Catasetum lucisuareziae, es comparable con otras especies que se encuentran en la misma región, como C. rectangulare y C. callosum, pero difiere de ellas principalmente por su labelo trilobulado y la presencia de dos callos subglobulares en la base. KEY WORDS / PALABRAS CLAVE: biodiversidad, biodiversity, Catasetum bicolor, Catasetum lucisuareziae, conservación, conservation, Cymbidieae, Epidendroideae, Orinoquía Introduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships in Mormodes (Orchidaceae, Cymbidieae, Catasetinae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid DNA Sequences and Morphology
    Phytotaxa 263 (1): 018–030 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.263.1.2 Phylogenetic relationships in Mormodes (Orchidaceae, Cymbidieae, Catasetinae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences and morphology GERARDO A. SALAZAR1,*, LIDIA I. CABRERA1, GÜNTER GERLACH2, ERIC HÁGSATER3 & MARK W. CHASE4,5 1Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-367, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico; e-mail: [email protected] 2Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Menzinger Str. 61, D-80638, Munich, Germany 3Herbario AMO, Montañas Calizas 490, Lomas de Chapultepec, 11000 Mexico City, Mexico 4Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom 5School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia Abstract Interspecific phylogenetic relationships in the Neotropical orchid genus Mormodes were assessed by means of maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses of non-coding nuclear ribosomal (nrITS) and plastid (trnL–trnF) DNA sequences and 24 morphological characters for 36 species of Mormodes and seven additional outgroup species of Catasetinae. The bootstrap (>50%) consensus trees of the MP analyses of each separate dataset differed in the degree of resolution and overall clade support, but there were no contradicting groups with strong bootstrap support. MP and BI combined analyses recovered similar relationships, with the notable exception of the BI analysis not resolving section Mormodes as monophy- letic. However, sections Coryodes and Mormodes were strongly and weakly supported as monophyletic by the MP analysis, respectively, and each has diagnostic morphological characters and different geographical distribution.
    [Show full text]
  • Bonpland and Humboldt Specimens, Field Notes, and Herbaria; New Insights from a Study of the Monocotyledons Collected in Venezuela
    Bonpland and Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela Fred W. Stauffer, Johann Stauffer & Laurence J. Dorr Abstract Résumé STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Bonpland and STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Echantillons de Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study Bonpland et Humboldt, carnets de terrain et herbiers; nouvelles perspectives of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela. Candollea 67: 75-130. tirées d’une étude des monocotylédones récoltées au Venezuela. Candollea In English, English and French abstracts. 67: 75-130. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. The monocotyledon collections emanating from Humboldt and Les collections de Monocotylédones provenant des expéditions Bonpland’s expedition are used to trace the complicated ways de Humboldt et Bonpland sont utilisées ici pour retracer les in which botanical specimens collected by the expedition were cheminements complexes des spécimens collectés lors returned to Europe, to describe the present location and to de leur retour en Europe. Ces collections sont utilisées pour explore the relationship between specimens, field notes, and établir la localisation actuelle et la composition d’importants descriptions published in the multi-volume “Nova Genera et jeux de matériel associés à ce voyage, ainsi que pour explorer Species Plantarum” (1816-1825). Collections in five European les relations existantes entre les spécimens, les notes de terrain herbaria were searched for monocotyledons collected by et les descriptions parues dans les divers volumes de «Nova the explorers. In Paris, a search of the Bonpland Herbarium Genera et Species Plantarum» (1816-1825).
    [Show full text]
  • O Gênero Catasetum Rich. Ex Kunth (Orchidaceae, Catasetinae) No Estado Do Paraná, Brasil
    Hoehnea 42(1): 185-194, 3 fig., 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-44/2014 O gênero Catasetum Rich. ex Kunth (Orchidaceae, Catasetinae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil Miguel Machnicki-Reis1, Mathias Erich Engels1, Adarilda Petini-Benelli2 e Eric de Camargo Smidt1,3 Recebido: 29.08.2014; aceito: 4.12.2014 ABSTRACT - (The genus Catasetum Rich. ex Kunth (Orchidaceae, Catasetinae) in Paraná State, Brazil). Catasetum has about 170 terrestrial and epiphytes species with neotropical distribution and could be recognized by having several internodes per pseudobulb, the unisexual flowers (rare hermaphrodites), and pollinarium with stipe, caudicle, and viscidium. The aim of this study was to do the taxonomic treatment of Catasetum in Paraná State, presenting the descriptions, illustrations, distribution map, identification key, conservation status, and comments for each species. The genus occurs predominantly in the Floresta Ombrófila Densa (Catasetum atratum, C. socco, and C. triodon) and the Floresta Ombrófila Mista (C. fimbriatum) in the state. According to the IUCN criteria, C. atratum can be currently considered a critically endangered species, C. fimbriatum and C. triodon endangered species, and C. socco a vulnerable species in the Parana State. Keywords: Atlantic Forest, Biodiversity, IUCN, Paraná flora RESUMO - (O gênero Catasetum Rich. ex Kunth (Orchidaceae, Catasetinae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil). Catasetum possui cerca de 170 espécies terrícolas e epífitas com distribuição neotropical, sendo o gênero reconhecido pelos pseudobulbos possuindo vários entrenós, pelas flores unissexuais (raro hermafroditas) e polinário com estipe, caudículo e viscídio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o estudo taxonômico de Catasetum no Estado do Paraná, apresentando descrições, ilustrações, mapa de distribuição, chave de identificação, status de conservação e comentários para cada espécie.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Catasetum (Cymbidieae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from the Southern Region of the Brazilian Amazon
    Phytotaxa 204 (1): 075–079 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.6 A new species of Catasetum (Cymbidieae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from the Southern region of the Brazilian Amazon ADARILDA PETINI-BENELLI1,2 & CÉLIA REGINA ARAÚJO SOARES-LOPES2 1Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, 78060- 900, Mato Grosso, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected]. 2Herbário da Amazônia Meridional, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT). Rodovia MT 208, km 147, Bairro Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, 78580-000, Mato Grosso, Brazil. ABSTRACT A new species of Catasetum has been found along the banks of the River Teles Pires, in the Southern region of the Brazilian Amazon. In the present study it is described and illustrated, and has its conservation status discussed. The species presents unique features and stands out among others found in the same region, and can be compared partially to C. mattosianum. Key words: Mato Grosso, Catasetum telespirense, conservation, native species. RESUMO Uma nova espécie de Catasetum está sendo registrada para a Amazônia Meridional brasileira, oriunda das margens do Rio Teles Pires. Ela é descrita, ilustrada e tem seu status de conservação discutido no presente trabalho. A espécie apresenta caracteres únicos e destaca-se das demais ocorrentes na região, sendo parcialmente comparada à C. mattosianum. Palavras-Chave: Mato Grosso, Catasetum telespirense, conservação, espécies nativas. Introduction The state of Mato Grosso has a very extensive territory (903,366,192 km²) where Biomes of the Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon can be found.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers and Cross-Compatibility in the Genus Cymbidium and Some Related Tropical Genera (Orchidaceae)
    CHROMOSOME NUMBERS AND CROSS-COMPATIBILITY IN THE GENUS CYMBIDIUM AND SOME RELATED TROPICAL GENERA (ORCHIDACEAE) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HORTICULTURE AUGUST 1977 By Kenneth W. Leonhardt Dissertation Committee: Yoneo Sagawa, Chairman Haruyuki Kamemoto Henry Y. Nakasone Philip E. Parvin William L. Theobald We certify that we have read this dissertation and that in our opinion it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture. DISSERTATION COMMITTEE (7 'Cry^o , w A Chairman Chromosome Numbers and Cross-Compatibility in the Genus Cymbidium and Some Related Tropical Genera (Orchidaceae) Abstract Investigations on chromosome numbers and cross-compatibility were made with species and hybrids of Cymbidium and other tropical genera of the family Orchidaceae. Chromosome number determinations were made of 163 plants. One hundred nineteen counts of Cymbidium clones were made of which 92 are reported for the first time. Diploid, triploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and aneuploid individuals were determined. Triploid cultivars of two species, C. insigne 'Bierii' and C. pumilum 'Yashima' were found. Forty- four counts of intergeneric hybrids and genera other than Cymbidium were made. The hybrid status of 17 progenies of intergeneric pollinations was determined by analysis of somatic chromosome numbers. Nine plants derived from colchicine treated protocorms were identified as polyploids; 8 being euploid and 1 a mixoploid. The origin of the polyploid nature of some of the hybrids not subjected to colchicine treatments is dis­ cussed. It was verified cytologically that Cymbidium did hybridize with Ansellia and Catasetum.
    [Show full text]
  • Catasetum, Clowesia, Cycnoches, Mormodes and Their Hybrids Phyllis S
    BEST PRACTICES IN CULTURE OF CATASETUM, CLOWESIA, CYCNOCHES, MORMODES AND THEIR HYBRIDS PHYLLIS S. PRESTIA OME YEARS AGO, I received my fi rst Cataseti- will discuss the cultural requirements of these specifi c nae seedling, Fredclarkeara After Dark ‘Black Pearl’ Catasetinae and their hybrids. Sfrom an opportunity table supplied by Fred Clarke Orchid culture ex situ is an attempt at simulating of Sunset Valley Orchids in Vista, CA. I was at once ex- the cultural conditions of temperature, light, air move- cited at the prospects of growing such a curious and ment, moisture, humidity, and fertilizer. In situ, these beautiful orchid and terrifi ed at potentially killing what all work in conjunction. It can be helpful to examine surely was a valuable one. I didn’t have a greenhouse these separately. at that time and had no knowledge about the plant’s Temperature: The genera we are discussing are cultural requirements. found in Mexico and the Tropical Americas between So I consulted the experts, a few friends who grew the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. Lo- Catasetinae (some well, some not so well) and read cated around the equator, these are primarily tropical what I could fi nd about culture. As with any orchid, and subtropical plants which prefer warmer tempera- a thorough understanding of the natural habitat and tures. High temperatures in the 80°s and 90°s F to lows seasonal conditions is the key to trying to replicate as in the mid to high 50°s F are ideal. Temperatures slight- closely as possible what exists in an ex situ growing ly above or below this range may stress the plants but area.
    [Show full text]