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Index A targeting, 270–273 strike price width, 249–250 technical analysis, 279–280 Bullish vertical spreads, 242, 244–249 AON (all or none) orders, 8, 53–54 vertical put spread purchase, 286 Bullish verticals targeting, 248, 249, 265–266 Assignment, 346 Bearish verticals selection Bull-put spread, 35 At the money, 20–21 realistic goal setting, 280 Butterfl ies, 290–299 Average true range (ATR), 35 setting stops, 280 Butterfl ies. condors, and complex spreads spread positioning, 280 butterfl ies, 290–299 B strike price width, 280 butterfl ies, iron butterfl ies, condors, iron Basis thesis formation steps, 52, 54–58 Beta, 33, 340 condors, 288–290 Bear-call spread, 42 Beta vs. volatility, 340–343 condors, 300 Bearish verticals Bid-ask spread, 15 odds, 288 bear credit verticals using calls, 280–281 Black-Sholes model, 5 ratios and backspreads, 287–288 bear-call nuances, 283 Bullish vertical spread selection Buy to open limit order, 25 fundamental analysis, 277 bull-call spread nuances, 264–265 Greek attributes of bearish vertical spread, bullish credit vertical using puts, 257–262 C 273–277 COPYRIGHTEDbullish debit vertical using MATERIAL calls, 263–266 put spreads usage, 279–280 realistic goal setting, 250–255 Call dynamics selection of, 279–280 spread positioning, 250 call selection, best, 157–162 379 bindex.indd 379 1/4/2013 5:31:23 PM 380 ■ Index Call dynamics (continued) short theta, 145 short condor, 305–311 fundamental analysis, 149–153 strike price, 30 Correlations, 30 monitoring/closing the trade, 162–165 Cash index options, 24 Cost of carry, 30 target identification, 147 Catalysts Counterparty risk, 12 technical analysis, 153–157 analysts actions, 203–204 Covered calls, 35. See also Covered calls, Call selection, best earnings, 201–202 dynamics of cost (breakeven), 157 economic data pending, 202–203 about, 165 delta choice, 159 news, 201 advantages, 167, 170 expiration date selection, 159–161 patterns of resistance, 204 collars, 222–231 implied volatility, 157 CBOE.com, 24 difference of, 173–175 moving stops, 161–162 Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), 4 disadvantages, 170–171 price target, 157–159 Chicago Board Options Exchange Greek attributes, 173 setting stops, 161 (CBOE), 3 long put, 194–200 time horizon, 157 Clearinghouses, 12 long-put dynamics, 201–220 Calls Collars, 35 optimal scenario for, 165–167 advantages, 143–145 about, 222–223 selling puts, 220–222 call dynamics, 147 application of, 226–231 trading calls and puts, 165–194 catalysts, 147–149 dissection of, 226 Covered calls, dynamics of disadvantages, 145 Greek attributes of, 226–227 delta and Greeks, 185 flexibility, 145 IBM example, 227–228 expiration date selection, 186–187 leverage, 140, 145 optimal scenario, 223–226 fundamental analysis, 177 long call Greek attributes, 146 strike selection, 228–229 implied volatility, 181–183 optimal scenario, 143 volatility in calculations, 229–231 monitoring/closing the trade, probability, 145 Condors 192–194 protection, 144 about, 300 moving up stops, 189–192 risk reduction, 144–145 iron condors, 315–319 premium, 185 risk/reward, 145 long condors, 301–304 selection of best covered call, 180 bindex.indd 380 1/4/2013 5:31:23 PM Index ■ 381 setting stops, 189 Delta neutral, 1, 46 early exercise decision, 348 target identification, 175–178 Disadvantages equity options, 345 technical analysis, 177–192 about, 170–171 ETFs, 345 time horizon, 184 assignment risk, 170 exercise and assignment risks, 346 total cost (breakeven), 185 minimal protection, 170 expiration cycles, 345–346 variations, 187 timing, 170–171 index options, 345 volatility considerations, 187–189 Disadvantages of long put LEAPS, 346 Credit spreads vs. debit spreads, 234–240 breakeven statistics, 197 Extreme skew, 98–100 probability of success, 197 D short theta, 197 F Diversification, 33 Dealers (bucket shops), 6 Dividends, 28, 29, 350–351 Fibonacci lines, 326 Deep in the money, 19 Dojima Rice Exchange, 4 Floor liquidity providers, 11 Deeper in the money, 19 Dollar delta, 114–115, 332 Fly. See Butterflies Delta, 22, 33 Forward thesis, 3 about, 107 E Fundamentals, 2 bearish vertical spread, 273–274 Fundamentals and technicals bullish vertical spreads, 246 Emotional waves, 3 about, 58 collars, 226–227 Employee stock options, 13 cheap vs. value, 58–59 covered calls, 173, 185 Equity options, 24 finding value guidelines, 59–60 functions of, 108–111 Exchanges list and acronyms, 11 relative value, 58 Greeks visualization, 107–116 Exercise, 346 thesis basis formation steps, 58 long call, 146, 197 Expiration, 24 long fly, 292 Expiration trading and dealing G moneyness and, 109–115 assignment, 346–347 short fly, 298–299 binary options, 345 Gamma, 21 underlying stock exposure, 108–109 early exercise, 347–348 about, 115–117 bindex.indd 381 1/4/2013 5:31:23 PM 382 ■ Index Gamma, 21 (continued) delta, 245–246 gamma, 115–125 bearish vertical spread, 274–275 disadvantages, 247–248 gamma, theta, and vega together, 127–133 bullish vertical spreads, 244–245 gamma, 246 option pricing models, 106–107 collars, 226 maximum profit nuances, 248 rho, 133–135 covered calls, 173 protection, 247 rho and changing rates, 136–137 earnings, 123–125 rho, 246–247 theta, 125–127 Greeks visualization, 115–125 risk reduction, 247 long call, 146, 197 theta, 246 H long fly, 292–293 time decay, 247 long term options and long gamma, upside limitation, 247–248 Hard-to borrow stock, 28 118–119 vega, 246 Heads-up-display elements, 34 negative gamma scalping, 125 Greek attributes of collars Hedging basics scalping for dollars, 121–122 delta, 226 homework regarding, 33–34 short fly, 299 gamma, 226 option trading, 36–37 short gamma, 122 rho, 227 options as a hedge, 34–35 short options and short gamma, 119–121 theta, 226–227 risk reduction accuracy, 35 understanding, 117–125 vega, 227 stock and option hedges combined, 35–36 Gamma, theta, and vega together, 127–133 Greek attributes of covered calls Hedging techniques, 338–340 Gamma scalping, 120 delta, 173 History of future exchanges, 4–5 Greek attributes of bearish vertical spread gamma, 173 delta, 273–274 rho, 173 I gamma, 274–275 theta, 173 rho, 275, 277 vega, 173 Implied volatility, 20, 29, 30, 46–47, 49, 91–95, theta, 275 Greeks, use of, 25 229–231 vega, 275 Greeks visualization In the money Greek attributes of bullish vertical spreads about, 105 defined, 19 advantages, 247–248 delta, 107–115 strike price, 19 bindex.indd 382 1/4/2013 5:31:23 PM Index ■ 383 Index EFTs, 24 Iron spreads Long call Greek attributes Interest breakevens (profit zone), 312–313 delta, 146, 197 binary options as spread substitutes, Greek/sentimental considerations, 314 gamma, 146, 197 351–357 long iron butterfly, 314–315 rho, 146, 199–200 bucket shops, 352–357 short iron butterfly, 311–312 theta, 146, 198–199 In-the-money bull-call spread, 42 Ivol crash, 121 vega, 146, 199 In-the-money option prices Long condors vs. out-of-the-money counterparts, 29 K about, 301 time value of, 29 behavior, 303–304 Intrinsic value Knowledge and nomenclature long condor Greek attributes/ about, 25–29 calls, 18 sentiment, 304 definition of, 25 deeper in the money, 19 Long fly Greek attributes in-the-money recap, 30 at the money, 19 delta, 292 at-the-money recap, 30 in the money, 19 gamma, 292–293 out-of-the-money recap, 30 out of the money, 19 theta, 293 risk augmentation, 31–33 puts, 18–19 vega, 293 risk control, 30–31 Long iron butterfly time value, 29 L about, 314–315 Iron condors, 42 breakevens (profit zone), 315 about, 315–317 Limit order, 24 Greek considerations/sentiment, 315 broken wing, 317 Liquidity, 12 losses, 315 expiration date selection, 323–324 Livermore, Jesse, 6 profitability, 315 long iron condor, 319–321 Long butterfly, 290–295 Long put long iron condor Greek attributes, 322 breakevens, 291–292 advantages, 195, 197 short iron condor, 321–327 long fly Greek attributes, 292–294 disadvantages of, 197 short vs. long iron condor, 322–324 selection of strikes and expiration, optimal scenario for, 195–196 spread spacing and composition, 317–319 294–295 risk/reward, 197 bindex.indd 383 1/4/2013 5:31:23 PM 384 ■ Index Long put (continued) Market value, 17 Option pricing vs. underlying price, 19 Married puts, 35 calculation, 5–6 Long-call options, 37 Mean reversion, 38, 49 components, 14 Long-put dynamics Moneyness, 109–111 facts, 106–107 delta selection, 209 Moneyness and delta, 109–115 models, 106–107 expiration date selection, 210–212 dollar delta, 114 Option series, 17 fundamental analysis, 204–205 probability of being in the money, Options high-risk trade, 210 111–113 about, 1–2 at-the-money put, 210 Monitoring/closing the trade basics, 4–6 in-the-money put, 209 bad repair, 217 bid-ask spread of, 15 monitoring/closing the trade, 214–220 good repair, 217–220 checklist, 2–3 moving up stops, 213–224 items to check, 215 hedging basics, 33–37 open interest, 212 repair vs. exit, 216–217 intrinsic value, 25–33 out-of-the-money put, 210 Moving average indicators, 42 knowledge and nomenclature, 18–22 selection of best put, 206–209 Moving averages (levels), 42 leverage and probability, 37–40 setting stops, 212 Multiple listings, 10 risk of, 30 short stock position synthesis, 209 routing and handling orders, 6–18 stock volume average, 212 N for strategy, 40–42 target identification, 201–204 strike price and selection, 22–24 technical analysis, 205–206 Naked options, 23 strike price of, 22 vega synthesis for downward moves, 209 Nonratio, 233 technical patterns, 42–43 Long-put options, 37 volume trends, 43–49 O Order flow, 11 M Order sharing, 6 Open outcry, 11 Out of the money, 22 Market maker