APS Bulletin September 1998
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Coal Studies ELK VALLEY COALFIELD, NORTH HALF (825102, 07, 10, 11) by R
Coal Studies ELK VALLEY COALFIELD, NORTH HALF (825102, 07, 10, 11) By R. J. Morris and D. A. Grieve KEYWORDS: Coalgeology, Elk Valley coalfield, Mount the area is formed by Hmretta andBritt creeks, and is Veits, Mount Tuxford, HenretlaRidge, Bourgeau thrust, coal immediately north of the Fc'rdingRiver operations of Fording rank, Elk River syncline, Alexander Creek syncline. Coal Ltd.(Figure 4-1-1).The northernboundary is the British Columbia - Alberta border. The map area includes INTRODUCTION the upper Elk Valley and a portion of the upper Fording Detailed geological mapping and sampling of the north Valley. half of theElk Valley coalfieldbegan in 1986 and were Most of the area is Crown land and includes three c:od completed in 1987. The end poduct, a preliminary map at a properties. The most southerly comprises the north end ol'tbe scale of 1: IO OOO, will extend available map coverage in the Fording Coal Ltd. Fording River property. Adjacent to the coalfield north from the areas covered by Preliminary Maps north is theElk River property, in which Fording Coal 51 and 60 (Figure 4-l-l),which in turn expanded previous currently holds aSO-per-cent interest. Coal rights to the most coverage in the adjacent Crowsnest coalfield (Preliminary northerly property, formerly known as tlne Vincent option, Maps 24, 27,31 and 42). are reserved to the Crown Work in 1986 (Grieve, 1987) was mainly concentrated in Exploration history of the Weary Ridge - Bleasdell Creek the Weary Ridge ~ Bleasdell Creek area. Themore extensive area was summarized by Grieve (1987). Of the remailing 1987 field program was completed by R.J. -
The Letters F and T Refer to Figures Or Tables Respectively
INDEX The letters f and t refer to figures or tables respectively "A" Marker, 312f, 313f Amherstberg Formation, 664f, 728f, 733,736f, Ashville Formation, 368f, 397, 400f, 412, 416, Abitibi River, 680,683, 706 741f, 765, 796 685 Acadian Orogeny, 686, 725, 727, 727f, 728, Amica-Bear Rock Formation, 544 Asiak Thrust Belt, 60, 82f 767, 771, 807 Amisk lowlands, 604 Askin Group, 259f Active Formation, 128f, 132f, 133, 139, 140f, ammolite see aragonite Assiniboia valley system, 393 145 Amsden Group, 244 Assiniboine Member, 412, 418 Adam Creek, Ont., 693,705f Amundsen Basin, 60, 69, 70f Assiniboine River, 44, 609, 637 Adam Till, 690f, 691, 6911,693 Amundsen Gulf, 476, 477, 478 Athabasca, Alta., 17,18,20f, 387,442,551,552 Adanac Mines, 339 ancestral North America miogeocline, 259f Athabasca Basin, 70f, 494 Adel Mountains, 415 Ancient Innuitian Margin, 51 Athabasca mobile zone see Athabasca Adel Mountains Volcanics, 455 Ancient Wall Complex, 184 polymetamorphic terrane Adirondack Dome, 714, 765 Anderdon Formation, 736f Athabasca oil sands see also oil and gas fields, Adirondack Inlier, 711 Anderdon Member, 664f 19, 21, 22, 386, 392, 507, 553, 606, 607 Adirondack Mountains, 719, 729,743 Anderson Basin, 50f, 52f, 359f, 360, 374, 381, Athabasca Plain, 617f Aftonian Interglacial, 773 382, 398, 399, 400, 401, 417, 477f, 478 Athabasca polymetamorphic terrane, 70f, Aguathuna Formation, 735f, 738f, 743 Anderson Member, 765 71-72,73 Aida Formation, 84,104, 614 Anderson Plain, 38, 106, 116, 122, 146, 325, Athabasca River, 15, 20f, 35, 43, 273f, 287f, Aklak -
Bedrock Geology of Alberta
Alberta Geological Survey Map 600 Legend Bedrock Geology of Alberta Southwestern Plains Southeastern Plains Central Plains Northwestern Plains Northeastern Plains NEOGENE (± PALEOGENE) NEOGENE ND DEL BONITA GRAVELS: pebble gravel with some cobbles; minor thin beds and lenses NH HAND HILLS FORMATION: gravel and sand, locally cemented into conglomerate; gravel of sand; pebbles consist primarily of quartzite and argillite with minor amounts of sandstone, composed of mainly quartzite and sandstone with minor amounts of chert, arkose, and coal; fluvial amygdaloidal basalt, and diabase; age poorly constrained; fluvial PALEOGENE PALEOGENE PALEOGENE (± NEOGENE) PALEOGENE (± NEOGENE) UPLAND GRAVEL: gravel composed of mainly white quartzite cobbles and pebbles with lesser amounts of UPLAND GRAVEL: gravel capping the Clear Hills, Halverson Ridge, and Caribou Mountains; predominantly .C CYPRESS HILLS FORMATION: gravel and sand, locally cemented to conglomerate; mainly quartzite .G .G and sandstone clasts with minor chert and quartz component; fluvial black chert pebbles; sand matrix; minor thin beds and lenses of sand; includes gravel in the Swan Hills area; white quartzite cobbles and pebbles with lesser amounts of black chert pebbles; quartzite boulders occur in the age poorly constrained; fluvial Clear Hills and Halverson Ridge gravels; sand matrix; ages poorly constrained; extents poorly defined; fluvial .PH PORCUPINE HILLS FORMATION: olive-brown mudstone interbedded with fine- to coarse-grained, .R RAVENSCRAG FORMATION: grey to buff mudstone -
Rank Variation, Coalification Pattern and Coal Quality in the Crowsnest Coalfield, British Columbia
Rank variation, coalification pattern and coal quality in the Crowsnest coalfield, British Columbia DAVID E. PEARSON David E. Pearson & Associates Ltd. Victoria, British Columbia and DAVID A. GRIEVE British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines & Petroleum Resources Fernie, British Columbia ABSTRACT A rank-map of Crowsnest coalfield, showing the distribution of the bituminous coal measures and the locations of major structures, has been produced from vitrinite reflectance measurements on over 560 coalsamples. The timing of coalification in relation to these major structures has also been determined. In the west-central portion of the coalfield a complete stratigraphic succession of coal measures which rides on major thrust surfaces is all of high-volatile bituminous rank, but despite the structural discordance no break in rank is discernible across these structures. The thrust faults therefore predate much of the coalification. Three major valleys expose cross sections of the folded coal measures and in each an increase in vitrinite reflectance is demonstrable as individual seams are tracedfrom ridge crest to valley floor. Thus, in these sections, a significant amount of coalification post-dates folding. The proportion of this post-folding coalification is found to increase toward the south of the coalfield. A late gravity-fault, exposed along the east crop of the coalfield, places high-volatile coal-bearing successions in contact with low-volatile coal and demonstrably is a reactivated thrust fault. Coalification at this locality occurred between these two different ages of faulting. The variations in rank and the subtleties of the coalification pattern have, together with systematic changes in the maceral composition of coal seams, had a profound effect on coal quality in the coalfield. -
Pgof2000-3 Report.Pdf
i CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 STRUCTURAL AND TECTONIC FRAMEWORK 2 STRATIGRAPHY AND RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT 6 Precambrian Purcell Supergroup 6 Cambrian Flathead Sandstone, Gordon Shale, Elko and Windsor Mountain Formations 6 Middle and Upper Devonian Yahatinda, Fairholme Group, Alexo and Sassenach Formations 7 Upper Devonian Palliser Formation 10 Uppermost Devonian and Mississippian Exshaw Formation, Mississippian Banff Formation and Rundle Group 11 Pennsylvanian and Permian Rocky Mountain Supergroup 14 Triassic Spray River Group 15 Jurassic Fernie Formation 16 Jurassic and Lowermost Cretaceous Kootenay Group 17 Lower Cretaceous Blairmore Group 17 Lower Cretaceous Crowsnest Formation 19 Upper Cretaceous Alberta Group and Belly River Formation 20 INTRUSIVE ROCKS 21 EXPLORATION ACTIVITY 22 SOURCE ROCKS AND MATURATION 22 CONVENTIONAL PROSPECTIVE ZONES AND PLAY TYPES 23 Thrust Faulted Paleozoic Strata Below the Lewis Thrust 23 Faulted and Folded Paleozoic Strata Above the Lewis Thrust 26 Fairholme Group Stratigraphic and Combined Stratigraphic-Structural Traps 29 Mesozoic Structural-Stratigraphic Traps Below the Lewis Thrust 30 Mesozoic Structural Traps Above the Lewis Thrust 32 Hydrocarbons in Fractured Precambrian Metasediments 32 COALBED METHANE POTENTIAL IN THE MIST MOUNTAIN FORMATION 33 CONCLUSIONS 38 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 39 REFERENCES 39 MAP 1. Geological Map of the Flathead and Fernie-Elk Valley areas. MAP 2. Principal prospective trends. MAP 3. Distribution of coal-bearing Jurassic-Cretaceous Kootenay Group and younger strata, showing areas of coalbed methane potential. CROSS SECTION 1. Structural cross section across western Front Ranges, northern part of Elk River Valley and Highrock Range. CROSS SECTION 1a, structural cross section through overturned syncline in northern part of Elk River Valley. ii CROSS SECTION 2. -
Geological Fieldworkcontinues with the Two- Sectionformat Adopted in the Last Volume (Geologicalbranch Paper 1982-1 1
GeologicalFieldwork 1952 a summary of field activities of the geological branch, mineral resources division Paper 1983- 1 RavinceofBritishcolwnbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources ISSN 0381-243s Victoria British Columbia Canada May 1983 FOREWORD This is theninth year of publication of Geological Field- work, a publicationdesigned acquaintto theinterested publicwith thepreliminary results of fieldworkof tire GeologicalBranch as soon as possibleafter the field season. The reports are writtenwithout the benefit of extensive laboratory or officestudies. To improve the qualityof presentation,figures in this year's publication were doneby our draughting section. Thisedition of Geological Fieldworkcontinues with the two- sectionformat adopted in the last volume (GeologicalBranch Paper 1982-1 1. The Project and AppliedGeology sectic'n includesreports of metallic and coalfieldinvestigations, reports of District Geologists, andproperty examinations related to some mineral properties funded inpart by Ministry programs. The OtherInvestigations section consists mainly of reports of work doneby different universities in <cooperation with the Ministry. The cover photograph depicts geologists examining tha discovery outcrops at Granduc. Outputof this publication was coordinatedby A. Panteleyev and W. J. WMillan.Manuscript input was by D. I3ulinckxof GeoscienceProjects. Draughting of the figures in the Project andApplied Geology section of the report was by El. HOensen, P. Chicorelli, and J. Armitage of the draughtingoffice and Ian Webster of GeoscienceProjects. A. Sutherland Brown, ChiefGeologist, GeologicalBranch, MineralResources Division. 3 "_ DISTRIBUTION OF PROGRAMS 1982 GEOLOGICAL FIELDWORK MINISTRY UNIVERSITYPROJECTS- 0 GENERALREPORTS-24,25 Figure 1. Distribution of program. Geological Fleldwork, 1982 4 TABLE OF COBTEBTS PROJECT AND AF'PLIED GEOLOGY Page 1 ~oy,T.: Geology inthe Vicinity of theSullivan Deposit, Kimberley,British Columbia(82F, G) .................. -
Geology and Rank Distribution of the Elk Valley Coalfield, Southeastern British Columbia (82C/15, 82J/2, 6, January 1993 7
Province of British Columbia Ministly of Energy, Mines and MINERAL RESOURCES DIVISION Petroleum Resources Geological Survey Branch Hon. Anne Edwards GEOLOGY AND RANKDISTRIBUTION OF THE ELK VALLEYCOALFIELD, SOUTHEASTERNBRITISH COLUMBIA (82G115, 82J12, 6, 7, 10, 11) by D. A. Grieve This project was partially funded by the Canada-British Columbia Mineval Development Agreement 1985-1990. BULLETIN 82 MINERALRESOURCES DIVISION Geological Survey Branch VICTORIA BRITISH COLUMBIA Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data CANADA Grieve, David Austin, 1952- Geology and rank distribution of the Elk Valley coalfield, southeastern British Columbia (82C/15, 82J/2, 6, January 1993 7. IO. II) (Bulletin, ISSN 0226-7497 : 82) Geological fieldwork for this Issued by Geologicai Survey Branch. publication was completed Includes bibliographical references: p. during the period 1979 to 1987 ISBN 0-7718-9306-X I. Coal - Geology - British Columbia - Elk River Valley (East Kootenay) 2. Coal - British Columbia - Elk River Valley (East Kootenay) - Composition, 3. Geology, Economic -British Columbia - Elk River Valley (Easl Kootenay) I. British Columbia. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. 11. British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch. Ill. Title. IV. Series: Bulletin (British Columbia. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources): 82. I TN806.C32B73 1992 553.2'4'0971 165 C92-092398-4 - ABSTRACT The Elk Valley coalfield is one of three structurally separate coalfields in southeastern British Columbia. Total potential in siru coal resources are a minimum of 7.8 billion tonnes. The coal-bearing Mist Mountain Formation ranges from less than 425 to approximately 700 metres in thickness in the study area. An average of approximately IO per cent of its total thickness is composed of coal seams, which range up to 13 metres in thickness. -
Exploration and Mining in the Kootenay-Boundary Region, British Columbia
Exploration and mining in the Kootenay-Boundary Region, British Columbia Fiona Katay1, a 1 Regional Geologist, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, 1902 Theatre Road, Cranbrook, BC, V1C 7G1 a corresponding author: [email protected] Recommended citation: Katay, F., 2015. Exploration and mining in the Kootenay-Boundary Region, British Columbia. In: Exploration and Mining in British Columbia, 2014. British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey, Information Circular 2015-2, pp. 29-65. 1. Introduction Kootenays (Jersey-Emerald, Jumping Josephine, Swift The Kootenay-Boundary Region, in the southeast corner Katie, Thor, Willa, LH) of the province (Fig. 1), offers a variety of mining and exploration opportunities, and is accessible by well-developed 2. Geological overview infrastructure. Five operating coal mines produce most of Plate tectonic processes have operated along the western Canada’s coal exports. The historic lead-zinc-silver Sullivan margin of North America for over 2.5 billion years, and Mine is in the region, and exploration for base metals and the tremendous mineral endowment of British Columbia precious metals continues to be a focus. Several mines produce is intimately linked to these processes (e.g., Nelson et al., industrial minerals including silica, magnesite, gypsum, and 2013). The Canadian Cordillera is a collage of allochthonous graphite. terranes, parautochthonous terranes and autochthonous In 2014, total exploration spending and drilling increased basement, containing diverse rocks and structures, and hence, relative to 2013 (Fig. 2), with about $50.4 million spent on metallogenic styles. exploration. Exploration drilling (approximately 125,000 m) The Kootenay-Boundary Region (Fig. -
BCPA Poster 74
Paleontology Division of Geological Association of Canada BC Paleo Societies The British Columbia Paleontological Alliance Collecting Fossils Standards and Ethics for Scientific Collecting The BCPA includes six regional societies. Contact the closest one to join now! Northern British Columbia Paleontological Society (NBCPS): 725 Selwyn Cr., Prince George V2M 5H6 The British Columbia Paleontological Alliance (BCPA) is a union of professional and amateur paleontologists working to advance the science of paleontology in the province through fostering Fossils are found in many places in British Columbia. The BCPA believes strongly that Ensure that appropriate permission and/or permits have been obtained from landowners or governmental authorities before venturing to a fossil site. Leave each site as found with respect to gates, fences or constructions on the property. Practice sound environmental etiquette. Ensure that the size of field groups, as well as collecting methods employed, minimize the impact of collection on the outcrop. Thompson-Nicola Paleontological Society: PO Box 3010, Kamloops V2C 5N3 public awareness, scientific collecting and education, and by promoting communication among all those interested in fossils. fossils are a critical record of ancient life forms, of importance to us all. Fossils are Take appropriate safety precautions while collecting and carry a first aid kit in each field group. Members will not collect from Paleontological Research Sites. Collectors must record and maintain documentation of all relevant geographic and stratigraphic information for each fossil in their collections. Every effort should be made to ensure that this information is accessible to interested professional researchers. Vancouver Island Paleontological Society: PO Box 3142, Courtenay V9N 5N4 The BCPA produces a newsletter and distributes it to members, libraries and museums across British Columbia. -
Stratigraphy of the Elk Formation in the Fernie Basin, Southeastern British Columbia
CES DIVISION Province of British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources Hon. Jack Davis, Minister STRATIGRAPHY OF THE ELK FORMATION IN THE FERNIE BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA By D.A. Grieve and N.C. Ollerenshaw GSC Contribution No. 26566 PAPERl989-2 MINERAL RESOURCES DIVISION Geological Survey Branch Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Grieve, David Austin, 1952- Stratigraphy of the Elk Formation in the Fernie Basin, southeastern British Columbia (Paper, ISSN 02269430 ; 1989-02) Issued by Geological Survey Branch. Bibliography: p. ISBN O-7718-8756-6 1. Elk Formation (B.C.) 2. Geology, Stratigraphic. 3. Geology, Economic - British Columbia - East Kootenay. I. Ollerenshaw, N.C. II. British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch. III. Title. IV. Series: Paper (British Columbia. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources) ; 1989-02. QE187.G74 1989 551.7’009711’45 C89-092094-X VICTORIA BRITISH COLUMBIA CANADA SEPTEMBER 1989 ABSTRACT The Elk Formation is the uppermost formation in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Kootenay Group. It is characterized by a relative abundance of coarse elastics (sandstone and locally conglomerate) and lack of coal, in comparison to the underlying Mist Mountain Formation. Problems encountered in identification of the Elk Formation and its contact with the Mist Mountain Formation prompted this study. Stratigraphic sections from five localities in the Fernie basin (Crowsnest coallield) and one from the Flathead coallield were examined and described. Thicknesses of sections are as follows: Coal Creek (type section) - 429.0 metres; Morrissey Ridge north (adjacent to reference section) - 472.7 metres; Morrissey Ridge south - 436.1 metres; Flathead Ridge (“pipeline section”) - 327.0 metres; Lodgepole property - 154.5 metres; and Lillyburt property - 67.1 metres were examined, out of a total Elk Forma- tion thickness of approximately 175 metres. -
Canada Commission G.Eologique Du Canada
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF.CANADA COMMISSION G.EOLOGIQUE DU CANADA CURRENT RESEARCH PARTB N , RECHERCHES EN COURS PARTI E B - Canada Notice to Librarians and Indexers The Geological Survey's thrice-yearly Current Research series contains many reports comparable in scope and subject matter to those appearing in scientific journals and other serials. All contributions to the Scientific and Technical Report section of Current Research i.iclude an abstract and bibliographic citation. It is hoped that these wMl assist you in cataloguing and indexing these reports and that this will result in a still wider dissemination of the results of the Geological Survey's research activities. Avis aux bibliothe'caires et preparateurs dfiniex La se~rie Recherches en cours de la Commission geologique parait trois fois par annee; elle contient plusieurs rapports dont la portee et la nature sont comparable a ceux qui paraissent dans les revues scientifiques et autres periodiques. Tous les articles publics dans la section des rapports scientifiques et techniques de la publication Recherches en cours sont accotnpagnes d'un resume et d'une bibliographie, ce qui vous permettra, nous Vesperons, de cataloguer et d'indexer ces rapports, d'oii une meilleure diffusion des resultats de recherche de la Commission ge~ologique. Technical editing and compilation Production editing and layout Typed and checked by Redaction et compilation techniques Preparation et mise en page Dactylographie et •vilification R.G. Blac'odar Leona R. Mahoney Debby Busby P.J. Griffin Lorna A. Firth -
Access to Thesis Form I
Access to Electronic Thesis Author: Jesse Harrison Thesis title: The spectroscopic detection and bacterial colonisation of synthetic microplastics in coastal marine sediments Qualification: PhD This electronic thesis is protected by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. No reproduction is permitted without consent of the author. It is also protected by the Creative Commons Licence allowing Attributions-Non-commercial-No derivatives. This thesis was embargoed until 10th April 2013. If this electronic thesis has been edited by the author it will be indicated as such on the title page and in the text. The spectroscopic detection and bacterial colonisation of synthetic microplastics in coastal marine sediments Jesse Patrick Harrison Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2012 Abstract Synthetic microplastics ( ≤ 5-mm fragments) are anthropogenic contaminants that are rapidly accumulating in coastal environments worldwide. The distribution, abundance, ecological impacts and fate of these pollutants are poorly understood. In this study, a novel reflectance micro-FT-IR spectroscopy method was developed to detect microplastics in sediments from 17 sites (UK), using polyethylene (PE) as the model polymer. Additionally, a 14-day laboratory microcosm experiment was used to characterise bacterial succession on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) fragments over time and across three sediment types (ranging from sand to silt) from the Humber Estuary, UK. In contrast with ATR-FT-IR measurements, micro-FT-IR measurements in reflectance mode were susceptible to refractive error when analysing irregularly shaped PE fragments. However, molecular mapping by reflectance micro-FT-IR spectroscopy successfully detected PE within polymer-spiked sediments and in a non- spiked sediment retentate.