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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 329 4th International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2019) Translation Strategies and Cultural Stand A Study of the Chinese-English Bilingual Taipei People Qiongfang Zhang School of English Studies Shanghai International Studies University Shanghai, China Abstract—Pai Hsien-yung and Patia Yasin adopt various completed some novels, play scripts, movie scripts, as well translation methods in the Chinese-English bilingual Taipei as a biography for his father Pai Chung-hsi, a former senior People. Regarding the expression with the distinctive Chinese general of the Republic of China. cultural characteristics, they employ foreignization to reproduce the source culture and domestication to promote the B. Pai Hsien-yung’s Achievements in Literature understanding and reception of the readers. As the translation strategy is closely intertwined with the translator’s cultural Pai Hsien-yung’s literary works have been highly stand, it is proposed that, by striking a balance between the appreciated by not only the ordinary readers but also the strategies of foreignization and domestication, the translators professional critics. Among the rest, Xia Ji-an, a well-known of Taipei People aspire through translation for the equal Chinese translator and critic in around the first half of the exchange between the Chinese and western cultures. 20th century, once stated that, from Lu Xun to Eileen Chang, there were no more than five or six writers who could Keywords—translation studies; Taipei People; translation compare to Pai Hsien-yung for his novels in his later years. strategies; cultural stand; self-translation In the western world, Patrick Hanan, Professor of Harvard University and a distinguished sinologist, and Henry Miller, I. INTRODUCTION an important figure of American Beat Generation, considered Pai Hsien-yung as “a master of portraiture” and Different translation strategies can be applied to recognized his talents for composing short stories. Back in translation, especially in terms of the literary type. Such 1999, Pai Hsien-yung was ranked the 7th by the journal diversity, to some extent, demonstrates more than merely the Asiaweek for Best Chinese Novels in the 20th Century, translator’s preference and inclination while engaged in the topping the lists of all the writers alive. It is therefore safe to translating practice. More importantly, it sheds light on what conclude that Pai Hsien-yung has been widely recognized for the translator attempts to omit and preserve in the translated his literary achievements. text, which further helps uncover what his or her cultural stand is when facing the gains and losses in the literary translation. A translator is faced with the domestic and C. The Characteristics of Pai’s Hsien-yung’s Works foreign cultures that he or she is to bridge. In consideration Pai Hsien-yung has attracted some attention from the of these two cultures and out of different motivation, the scholars in the field of literary studies and translation studies. translator is free to select from at least three kinds of cultural Liu Jun, a professor from School of Liberal Arts of Nanjing stand: he or she might give priority to either the source University, is one of the major scholars who research on Pai culture or the target culture, or spare no efforts to boost the Hsien-yung’s works. Having published several related books communication between the two cultures (Xu Jun, 2002: 66). such as A Sense of Compassion: Biography of Pai Hsien- Against this background, it is of significance to study the yung and Emotion and Beauty: A Biography of Pai Hsien- translation strategies in order to observe the translation in the yung as well as some academic papers, Liu Jun conducted in- cultural perspective. Accordingly, this study aims to explore depth research on Pai Hsien-yung. He concluded that the the translation strategies adopted by Pai Hsien-yung and feature of his works could be summarized as follows: a Patia Yasin in translating Taipei People, with the intention of perfect integration of the tradition and modernity, the interpreting their motivations based on their cultural stand. depiction of a bunch of figures that are exclusive in his literary world, a strong and deep historical sense as well as his unique linguistic forms (Liu Jun, 2009). II. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF PAI HSIEN-YUNG AND HIS LITERARY WORKS III. TAIPEI PEOPLE TRANSLATED BY PAI HSIEN-YUNG A. Pai Hsien-yung as a Writer AND PATIA YASIN Pai Hsien-yung, born in 1937 and raised in Guilin City, So far there are three versions of Taipei People, i.e. the Guangxi Province, is known as a writer and critic. Having first one titled Wandering in a Garden, Waking from a received the training in the famous Iowa Writers’ Workshop, Dream-Tales of Taipei Characters published by Indiana Pai Hsien-yung devoted himself to literature and has so far Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 1158 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 329 University Press in 1992, the second one by the Chinese only the translators or the text themselves, but also about the University Press with the title changed into Taipei People to translators’ cultural stand, self-translation and translation stay consistent with the original text and also to preserve a studies in a macroscopic sense. In consideration of this, the sense of irony, and the latest version with the same title that study aims at a more thorough exploration of the book, with was published by Guangxi Normal University Press in 2013, special reference to the translation strategies and methods. without any further changes. The newest version is selected for this study. A. Translation Strategies, Methods and Techniques as Clearly Defined A. Taipei People and Its Culture-specific Items Translation Strategies, methods and techniques are three Taipei People is an anthology that consists of fourteen significant concepts in translation studies, yet they have short stories written by Pai Hsien-yung. As indicated by the more often than not been used without discrimination. title of the book, it tells the stories of different people from Considering this phenomenon, Xiong Bing distinguishes the the Chinese mainland who settle down in Taipei city. As one differences between those concepts by clearly defining them of Pai Hsien-yung’s representative works, Taipei People is respectively: well received among the readers for various reasons. Among others, its characteristics might be summarized as follows: Translation strategy is the overall principle and a set of the author’s unique language use, the description of figures, solutions in accordance to which the translation purpose is the shifting narrative perspectives and the literary quotation fulfilled in the translating activity. It constitutes from other works such as A Dream of Red Mansions and The foreignization and domestication. Peony Pavilion, due to which he improves the poetic taste of Translation method is a subcategory, which represents a the book. specific approach, procedure and means determined by a Featuring a bunch of figures with the diversified translation strategy to achieve a goal in translation. It can be backgrounds, the anthology is full of the culture-specific further divided into zero translation, transliteration, word- items of all kinds, including the names of people and places, for-word translation and literal translation (those four festivals, dialects, idioms, slangs, proverbs, poems, allusions methods belong to foreignization strategy), free translation, and so forth. Needless to say, it poses a challenge for the imitaion, variation and creation (domestication strategy). translators to render the text into another language and Translation technique is a more specific concept. It culture. means some skills used in translation according to a translation method and stands for the operation and B. The Translation of Taipei People manipulation of the text on the linguistic level. Still, The translating practice of the book might differ from translation technique can be classfied into the following ones: other translating activities in that it involves both self- addition, omission, division, combination and shift. translation and teamwork. Pai Hsien-yung himself is both the For the convinience of analysis, this study is conducted author and one of the major translators. He translated this on the basis of translation strategies and methods. book together with Patia Yasin, an American Canadian who is an expert in literature, and then had their translation B. An Analysis of Taipei People Based on Translation proofread by George Kao, a well-known Chinese translator Methods and Strategies and editor who settled down in the United States. Also worth mentioning is that three novels in the anthology, that is, “The To conduct an analysis that is more detailed, the study is Eternal Snow Beauty”, “New Year’s Eve” and “Glory’s by intended to explore the text on the basis of varying Blossom Bridge” were translated by other translators. translation units, including words, phrases and sentences. Needless to say, the unique way of translating Taipei People Conspicuously, foreignization strategy is widely used in will probably contribute to a distinctive translated text, and is translating Taipei People. therefore worth a
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