DOCSLIB.ORG

Comparative and Population Genomics Approaches Reveal the Basis of Adaptation to Deserts in a Small Rodent

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comparative and Population Genomics Approaches Reveal the Basis of Adaptation to Deserts in a Small Rodent Received: 30 November 2019 | Revised: 19 February 2020 | Accepted: 27 February 2020 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15401 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparative and population genomics approaches reveal the basis of adaptation to deserts in a small rodent Anna Tigano1,2 | Jocelyn P. Colella1,2 | Matthew D. MacManes1,2 1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Abstract New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA Organisms that live in deserts offer the opportunity to investigate how species adapt 2 Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, to environmental conditions that are lethal to most plants and animals. In the hot University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA deserts of North America, high temperatures and lack of water are conspicuous chal- lenges for organisms living there. The cactus mouse (Peromyscus eremicus) displays Correspondence Anna Tigano, Department of Molecular, several adaptations to these conditions, including low metabolic rate, heat tolerance, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University and the ability to maintain homeostasis under extreme dehydration. To investigate of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824 NH, USA. the genomic basis of desert adaptation in cactus mice, we built a chromosome-level Email: [email protected] genome assembly and resequenced 26 additional cactus mouse genomes from two Funding information locations in southern California (USA). Using these data, we integrated comparative, National Institutes of Health, Grant/Award population, and functional genomic approaches. We identified 16 gene families ex- Number: 1R35GM128843 hibiting significant contractions or expansions in the cactus mouse compared to 17 other Myodontine rodent genomes, and found 232 sites across the genome associ- ated with selective sweeps. Functional annotations of candidate gene families and selective sweeps revealed a pervasive signature of selection at genes involved in the synthesis and degradation of proteins, consistent with the evolution of cellular mechanisms to cope with protein denaturation caused by thermal and hyperosmotic stress. Other strong candidate genes included receptors for bitter taste, suggesting a dietary shift towards chemically defended desert plants and insects, and a growth factor involved in lipid metabolism, potentially involved in prevention of dehydration. Understanding how species adapted to deserts will provide an important foundation for predicting future evolutionary responses to increasing temperatures, droughts and desertification in the cactus mouse and other species. KEYWORDS bitter taste receptor, hyperosmotic stress, Peromyscus eremicus, ribosomal protein, selective sweeps, thermal stress This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2020 The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd 1300 wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mec| Molecular Ecology. 2020;29:1300–1314. TIGANO ET AL. | 1301 1 | INTRODUCTION spp.; Marra, Eo, Hale, Waser, & DeWoody, 2012; Marra, Romero, & DeWoody, 2014) and the Patagonian olive mouse (Abrothrix olivacea; For decades, researchers have been intrigued by adaptation, or the Giorello et al., 2018). process by which organisms become better fitted to their environ- The cactus mouse (Peromyscus eremicus) is native to the deserts ments. To this end, scientists have devoted substantial efforts to of southwestern North America and displays a suite of adaptations this issue and have successfully elucidated how natural selection to this extreme environment. Cactus mice have behavioural and an- has shaped organismal phenotypes in response to environmental atomical adaptations for heat avoidance and dissipation, such as a pressures (Berner & Salzburger, 2015; Cooke et al., 2013; Linnen nocturnal lifestyle, larger ears, and aestivation (Macmillen, 1965). et al., 2009; Nachman, Hoekstra, & D'Agostino, 2003; Savolainen, They have also evolved lower metabolic rates, which result in a re- Lascoux, & Merilä, 2013). Given their influence on metabolism, duction in water loss, and resistance to heat stress compared to other water availability and ambient temperature are environmental fac- generalist Peromyscus spp. (Murie, 1961). For example, while several tors relevant to all organisms and are also of growing concern within desert rodents produce concentrated urine (Schmidt-Nielsen, 1964; the context of anthropogenically-induced global climate change and Schmidt-Nielsen & Schmidt-Nielsen, 1952), the cactus mouse is es- increasing desertification (IPCC, 2018). Studying how animals that sentially anuric (Kordonowy et al., 2017), which indicates its extreme are currently living in hot and dry environments have adapted to efficiency of renal water reabsorption. Kordonowy et al. (2017) those conditions is one approach for helping to predict the poten- showed through experimental manipulation of water availability tial impacts of increasing temperatures and aridity (Hoelzel, 2010; that captive cactus mice were behaviourally and physiologically in- Somero, 2010). tact after three days of severe acute dehydration. Gene expression Despite the challenging conditions, a wide variety of organisms profiling of kidneys highlighted a starvation-like response at the cel- have evolved adaptations to live in hot deserts. These adaptations lular level in dehydrated mice, despite access to food, and strong include changes in behaviour to avoid dehydration, excessive solar differential expression of Cyp4 genes, which are part of the arachi- radiation, and heat (e.g., nocturnal life and sheltering in burrows) donic acid metabolism pathway (MacManes, 2017). Although these and a suite of anatomical modifications to dissipate heat (e.g., long results indicate some degree of convergent evolution with other body parts and pale colours). Some of the most striking adaptations desert-adapted mammals (Bactrian Camels Genome Sequencing & are at the physiological level and help to either minimize water loss Analysis Consortium et al., 2012; Takei et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2016), through efficient excretion and reabsorption of water (Schmidt- they are limited to expressed genes under particular experimental Nielsen, 1964; Schmidt-Nielsen & Schmidt-Nielsen, 1952) or com- conditions and in one tissue type only. pensate for lack of environmental water via enhanced production Deserts in southwest North America formed relatively recently, of metabolic water from nutrient oxidation (Takei, Bartolo, Fujihara, only after the retreat of the Pleistocene ice sheets that covered most Ueta, & Donald, 2012; Walsberg, 2000). While these adaptations to of the continent during the Last Glacial Maximum approximately desert life have been described in several species (for a review on 10,000 years ago (Pavlik, 2008). Because the ability to detect ge- small mammals see Walsberg, 2000) and are important under cur- nomic signatures of selection depends on coalescent time and ef- rent climate predictions (IPCC, 2018), the genetic underpinnings of fective population size (Nielsen et al., 2005), and given the recent these traits are less well known. emergence of North American deserts, the footprint of these recent Genomic studies on camels (Camelus bactrianus) have provided adaptations should continue to be evident in contemporary cactus substantial evidence related to the genomic basis of adaptation to mouse genomes. Whole genome analyses allow us to detect signa- deserts. For example, analysis of the camel genome showed an en- tures of selection associated with life in the desert across the com- richment of fast-evolving genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate plete set of cactus mouse genes, regardless of expression patterns. metabolism, potentially linked to energy production and storage in Further, they allow for analysis of intergenic areas and for charac- a food-scarce environment (Bactrian Camels Genome Sequencing terization of genomic features that may promote or hinder adaptive & Analysis Consortium, Ding, Chen, Sun & Meng, 2012; Wu et al., evolution, such as the distribution of standing genetic variation and 2014). Transcriptome analysis of renal cortex and medulla in control repetitive elements. and water-restricted camels showed a strong response to dehydra- To identify genes associated with desert adaptation and to in- tion in genes involved in water reabsorption and glucose metabo- vestigate the factors affecting adaptation using the cactus mouse lism (Wu et al., 2014). Overall, genes in the arachidonic acid pathway as a model, we first generated a chromosome-level genome as- seem to play a role in desert adaptation in both camels and desert sembly and then integrated comparative, population, and func- sheep (Ovis aries; Bactrian Camels Genome Sequencing & Analysis tional genomics approaches. As dehydration is a primary challenge Consortium et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2016). This pathway regulates desert animals face, we expected to identify signatures of selec- water retention and reabsorption in the kidney, primarily through tion associated with metabolism and solute-water balance (i.e., changes in renovascular tone. Aquaporins, transmembrane water adaptations that either enhance production of metabolic water or channel proteins, are also involved in water reabsorption and urine prevent fluid loss via excretion) in line with previous studies in the concentration, and changes in their expression levels have been cactus mouse and other desert-adapted species
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SCPN/NRTR–2009/278 ON THE COVER: Top: Wupatki National Monument; bottom left: bobcat (Lynx rufus); bottom right: Wupatki pocket mouse (Perogna- thus amplus cineris) at Wupatki National Monument. Photos courtesy of U.S. Geological Survey/Charles Drost. Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SCPN/NRTR—2009/278 Author Charles Drost U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center 2255 N. Gemini Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Editing and Design Jean Palumbo National Park Service, Southern Colorado Plateau Network Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona December 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammals at Navajo National Monument
    Final Report for 2003 and 2004 Mammal Inventories on Selected National Park Service Southern Colorado Plateau Network Parks: Navajo National Monument January 2005 Prepared by: Shauna Haymond, Holistic Wildlife Services NM, LLC, 112 Hampton Roads Avenue, Hampton, Virginia 23661, and Richard E. Sherwin, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Science, Christopher Newport University, 1 University Place, Newport News, Virginia 23606-2998 Submitted to: Navajo Nation Department of Fish and Wildlife, P. O. Box 1480, Window Rock, AZ 96515 ABSTRACT Holistic Wildlife Services NM was contracted by the Navajo Nation Department of Fish and Wildlife to conduct biological inventories for mammals at Navajo National Monument (NAVA) as part of the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program. The goals of this study were to document at least 90% of the mammals using verifiable documentation and taxa-specific field surveys, provide distributional information, estimates of species richness, and relative abundance of mammals, and provide baseline information and make recommendations to develop future management and monitoring schemes of zoological resources. There had been no baseline mammal work conducted at NAVA prior to these surveys. A total of 26 mammal species were estimated to inhabit the park based on species-area models; however we estimated 51 species for NAVA based on known specific ranges and available museum records. Field inventories extended from 29 June to 29 September 2003, and 16 May to 5 July 2004. We used a variety of survey methods including live-trapping, mist netting and acoustic surveys for bats, track-scat surveys, and opportunistic observations. We documented a total of 41 species (Chiroptera, 12 species; Lagomorpha, 2 species; Rodentia, 18 species; Carnivora, 8 species; and Artiodactyla, 1 species).
    [Show full text]
  • Peromyscus Newsletter
    PEROMYSCUS NEWSLETTER NUMBER THIRTY-EIGHT AUTUMN 2004 Cover: A Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus rufinus) with a striking "blazed" head pattern. See entry by Katy Mirowsky and Brian Hjelle pp. 22 this issue. PN 38 - This issue of PEROMYSCUS NEWSLETTER follows soon after the mailing of the triennial "Genetics and Genomics" issue, and includes correspondents' entries received earlier in 2004 that we did not have space for in that previous issue. And we thank those who kindly responded to our request for information about activities in their research programs. PN is published twice annually by the Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center at the University of South Carolina. Please notice that effective January 2005 that charges for many of our stocks and materials have been increased due to greater costs of maintenance and shipping. In this issue we report progress in developing a phylogenetic tree for peromyscine rodents. We intend the tree to serve as a useful reference for all with interest in any aspect of peromyscine biology, and not specifically for systematic and evolutionary biologists (See p. 7). The Stock Center had an excellent year in 2004 supplying a record number of animals and materials for research and education to institutions around the world. Stock Center utilization over the nineteen years of its existence in numbers of animals and specimens supplied is shown in the graph on page 7. The Stock Center also provides numerous animals and related materials for in-house research at the University of South Carolina. The Stock Center is funded by grants from NSF and NIH, user fees (sales), University in-house funds and donations.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat of Three Rare Species of Small Mammals in Juniper Woodlands of Southwestern Wyoming
    Western North American Naturalist Volume 64 Number 1 Article 11 2-20-2004 Habitat of three rare species of small mammals in juniper woodlands of southwestern Wyoming Kevin M. Rompola University of Wyoming, Laramie Stanley H. Anderson University of Wyoming, Laramie Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan Recommended Citation Rompola, Kevin M. and Anderson, Stanley H. (2004) "Habitat of three rare species of small mammals in juniper woodlands of southwestern Wyoming," Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 64 : No. 1 , Article 11. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol64/iss1/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Western North American Naturalist 64(1), ©2004, pp. 86–92 HABITAT OF THREE RARE SPECIES OF SMALL MAMMALS IN JUNIPER WOODLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN WYOMING Kevin M. Rompola1,2 and Stanley H. Anderson1 ABSTRACT.—Southwestern Wyoming constitutes the northern limit of the ranges of the cliff chipmunk (Tamias dor- salis), pinyon mouse (Peromyscus truei), and canyon mouse (P. crinitus). In addition to trying to determine their presence in the region, we wanted to identify habitat characteristics commonly used by each of these species. We used Sherman live-traps to sample 14 sites representing 2 distinct habitat types in 1998 and 1999: juniper-rocky slopes and juniper cliffs. Seventeen habitat characteristics were measured at capture locations for each species and compared with ran- domly located points.
    [Show full text]
  • NV Vert Species List
    Birds SWReGAPCName SWReGAPSName 1 COOPER'S HAWK Accipiter cooperii 2 NORTHERN GOSHAWK Accipiter gentilis 3 SHARP-SHINNED HAWK Accipiter striatus 4 SPOTTED SANDPIPER Actitis macularia 5 CLARK'S GREBE Aechmophorus clarkii 6 WESTERN GREBE Aechmophorus occidentalis 7 NORTHERN SAW-WHET OWL Aegolius acadicus 8 WHITE-THROATED SWIFT Aeronautes saxatalis 9 RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD Agelaius phoeniceus 10 BOTTERI'S SPARROW Aimophila botterii 11 RUFOUS-WINGED SPARROW Aimophila carpalis 12 CASSIN'S SPARROW Aimophila cassinii 13 FIVE-STRIPED SPARROW Aimophila quinquestriata 14 RUFOUS-CROWNED SPARROW Aimophila ruficeps 15 WOOD DUCK Aix sponsa 16 CHUKAR Alectoris chukar 17 BERYLLINE HUMMINGBIRD Amazilia beryllina 18 VIOLET-CROWNED HUMMINGBIRD Amazilia violiceps 19 GRASSHOPPER SPARROW Ammodramus savannarum 20 SAGE SPARROW Amphispiza belli 21 BLACK-THROATED SPARROW Amphispiza bilineata 22 NORTHERN PINTAIL Anas acuta 23 AMERICAN WIGEON Anas americana 24 NORTHERN SHOVELER Anas clypeata 25 GREEN-WINGED TEAL Anas crecca 26 CINNAMON TEAL Anas cyanoptera 27 BLUE-WINGED TEAL Anas discors 28 MALLARD Anas platyrhynchos 29 GADWALL Anas strepera 30 AMERICAN PIPIT Anthus rubescens 31 WESTERN SCRUB-JAY Aphelocoma californica 32 MEXICAN JAY Aphelocoma ultramarina 33 GOLDEN EAGLE Aquila chrysaetos 34 BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD Archilochus alexandri 35 GREAT EGRET Ardea alba 36 GREAT BLUE HERON Ardea herodias 37 LONG-EARED OWL Asio otus 38 GRAY HAWK Asturina nitida 39 BURROWING OWL Athene cunicularia 40 VERDIN Auriparus flaviceps 41 REDHEAD Aythya americana 42 RING-NECKED
    [Show full text]
  • 2003 Baseline Inventory of Small Mammal Communities on The
    Baseline Inventory of Small Mammal Prey-base Communities on Carson National Forest, New Mexico A Final Contract R3-02-03-12 Completion Report Submitted by: Jennifer K. Frey, PhD Frey Biological Research 438 Diaz Rd. Las Cruces, New Mexico 88007 and Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences and Department of Biology New Mexico State University P.O. Box 30003, MSC 4901 Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8003 Submitted to: Carson National Forest 208 Cruz Alta Road Taos, New Mexico 87571 31 December 2003 Frey—Small mammal prey-base surveys 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Background and Purpose 6 Methods Field methods 6 Data analysis 9 Study Sites 10 Results and Discussion Terrestrial Small Mammal Communities General Patterns 14 Community Patterns 14 Species Patterns 20 Jicarilla District 25 Bats 26 Species Accounts 29 Recommendations 40 Acknowledgments 42 References 42 Appendix 1 44 Appendix 2: Mammals of Carson National Forest 45 Frey—Small mammal prey-base surveys 3 Executive Summary Purpose • The purpose of this study was to obtain baseline data about small mammal prey-base communities on Carson National Forest, especially with regards to prey of northern goshawk and Mexican spotted owl. Method • Small mammals were sampled in three major habitat types on Carson National Forest including ponderosa pine forest, mixed conifer forest, and riparian. Other minor habitat types found in proximity to the major habitat types were sampled as time and logistics allowed. • The primary inventory method was with Sherman live-traps; a minimum of 1,000 trap-nights was used in each major habitat type. Other sampling techniques (e.g., mist nets, gopher traps, and pitfalls) were used as time and logistics allowed.
    [Show full text]
  • On Mammalian Sperm Dimensions J
    On mammalian sperm dimensions J. M. Cummins and P. F. Woodall Reproductive Biology Group, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland4067, Australia Summary. Data on linear sperm dimensions in mammals are presented. There is infor- mation on a total of 284 species, representing 6\m=.\2%of all species; 17\m=.\2%of all genera and 49\m=.\2%of all families have some representation, with quantitative information missing only from the orders Dermoptera, Pholidota, Sirenia and Tubulidentata. In general, sperm size is inverse to body mass (except for the Chiroptera), so that the smallest known spermatozoa are amongst those of artiodactyls and the largest are amongst those of marsupials. Most variations are due to differences in the lengths of midpiece and principal piece, with head lengths relatively uniform throughout the mammals. Introduction There is increasing interest in comparative studies of gametes both from the phylogenetic viewpoint (Afzelius, 1983) and also in the analysis of the evolution of sexual reproduction and anisogamy (Bell, 1982; Parker, 1982). This work emerged as part of a review of the relationship between sperm size and body mass in mammals (Cummins, 1983), in which lack of space precluded the inclusion of raw data. In publishing this catalogue of sperm dimensions we wish to rectify this defect, and to provide a reference point for, and stimulus to, further quantitative work while obviating the need for laborious compilation of raw data. Some aspects of the material presented previously (Cummins, 1983) have been re-analysed in the light of new data. Materials and Methods This catalogue of sperm dimensions has been built up from cited measurements, from personal observations and from communication with other scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies of Hantavirus Infection Among Wild Rodents in California
    Dispatches Seroepidemiologic Studies of Hantavirus Infection Among Wild Rodents in California A total of 4,626 mammals were serologically tested for antibodies to Sin Nombre virus. All nonrodent species were antibody negative. Among wild rodents, antibody prevalence was 8.5% in murids, 1.4% in heteromyids, and < 0.1% in sciurids. Of 1,921 Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mice), 226 (11.8%) were antibody positive, including one collected in 1975. The highest antibody prevalence (71.4% of 35) was found among P. maniculatus on Santa Cruz Island, off the southern California coast. Prevalence of antibodies among deer mice trapped near sites of human cases (26.8% of 164) was significantly higher than that of mice from other sites (odds ratio = 4.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.7, 11.6). Antibody prevalence increased with rising elevation (>1,200 meters) and correlated with a spatial cluster of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases in the Sierra Nevada. In spring 1993, a cluster of unexplained severe cases (14 cases, 8 deaths), after New Mexico (29 acute respiratory illnesses associated with a high cases) and Arizona (22 cases). death rate was reported in the southwestern Hantaviruses are excreted in the urine, feces, United States (1). The outbreak was linked to a and saliva of asymptomatic infected rodents (16). newly recognized hantavirus strain, Sin Nombre Transmission to humans occurs when aerosols con- virus (SNV), carried by the deer mouse, Pero- taminated with the virus are inhaled (16-18). Bites myscus maniculatus (2-5). Sporadic cases of the by infected rodents or exposure to broken skin or illness, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), mucous membranes may represent alternative were subsequently identified in other regions of routes.
    [Show full text]
  • MAMMALS of the GRAND CANYON REGION by VERNON BAILEY Retired Chief Field Naturalist U
    MAMMALS of the GRAND CANYON REGION by VERNON BAILEY Retired Chief Field Naturalist U. S. Biological Survey -H.H. Sheldon Natural History Bulletin No. 1 Grand Canyon Natural History Association June 1935 Natural History Bulletin No. 1 oune, 1935 National Park Service, Grand Canyon Natural Grand Canyon National Park, History Association This bulletin is published by the Grand Canyon Natural History Association as a pro­ ject in keeping with its policy to stimulate interest and to encourage scientific research and investigation in the fields of geology, botany, zoology, ethnology, archeology and related subjects in the Grand Canyon region. This number is one of a series issued at ir­ regular intervals throughout the year. Membership to the Grand Canyon Natural History Association is $1.00 per year and covers cost of all bulletins and other pub­ lications of the Association. Additional copies of this bulletin may be obtained at 30e/ each by addressing the Grand Canyon Natural History Association, Grand Canyon Arizona. M. R. Tillotson, Edwin D. LIoKee Park Superintendent Exec Seo'y. and Editor 1 MAMMALS of the GRAND CANYON REGION By Vernon Bailey Retired Chief Field Naturalist, U. S. 3iological Survey. INTRODUCTION HE present list with brief annotations includes the mammals of the Grand Canyon National Park, the Grand Canyon National Monument and closely associated areas that naturally go with the Grand Canyon of Arizona. In this list the sequence of species is used as in various recent publications of the Biological Survey. The use of parentheses around the names of authors of species and subspecies indicates a change from the genus in which the species was originally placed.
    [Show full text]
  • Type Localities of Mexican Land Mammals, with Comments on Taxonomy and Nomenclature
    Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number xx73 9xx January XXXX 20202010 Type Localities of Mexican Land Mammals, with Comments on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Alfred L. Gardner and José Ramírez-Pulido Front cover: Edward W. Nelson (right) preparing specimens in camp on Mt. Tancítaro, Michoacán. Photograph by Edward A. Goldman, March 1903. Courtesy of Smithsonian Institution Archives, Nelson Goldman files RU7634. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 73 Type Localities of Mexican Land Mammals, with Comments on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Alfred L. Gardner and José Ramírez-Pulido Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Photo courtesy of Smithsonian Institution Archives, Nelson Goldman files, RU7634 Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2020, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (www.depts.ttu.edu/nsrl). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per- manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 9 January 2020 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 73 Series Editor: Robert D.
    [Show full text]
  • Grinnell Resurveys in the Mojave Desert: SDNHM Field Report #3 Philip Unitt, Scott Tremor, Lori Hargrove, Drew Stokes July 22, 2017
    Grinnell Resurveys in the Mojave Desert: SDNHM Field Report #3 Philip Unitt, Scott Tremor, Lori Hargrove, Drew Stokes July 22, 2017 Since last fall, our resurveys in the eastern Mojave Desert have continued with field trips to the area around Kessler Spring 3 miles north of Cima, 6–10 November 2016, to the eastern section of Cedar Canyon 10–14 November 2016, to the Borrego Canyon/Cave Spring area on the east side of the Providence Mountains 28 November–2 December 2016, and to Horse Thief Spring and vicinity at the north base of the Kingston Range 23–27 May 2017. All of these surveys encompassed both birds and mammals, except the one to Cedar Canyon in November addressed mammals only. Our trips paralleled work by various biologists from the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology around Cima and in Cedar Canyon in January 1938, to the region east of the Providence Mountains near Granite Well in December 1937 and January 1938, and to Horse Thief Spring in June 1939 and June 1940. These sites range in elevation from about 3700 feet near Cave Spring up to about 5100 feet in Cedar Canyon, except on the north side of the Kingston Range we also climbed up the steep slope as high as 6600 feet to reach this sky island’s zone of pinyon pines just below where it transitions to white fir. Below the pinyon zone, which includes upper Cedar Canyon, the vegetation is diverse desert shrubs with varying densities of the Joshua tree. Permanent water is available to wildlife at Cave Spring, Kessler Spring, and Horse Thief Spring, but the surrounding oases of water-loving plants such as cottonwood trees, willows, and cattails are minimal, except at Horse Thief Spring, where they are well-developed enough to have become a well-known stop for migrating birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Number Forty-One Fall 2006
    Number Forty-One Fall 2006 Cover: A wild Peromyscus with the tan streak color pattern found in Alberta, Canada. We believe the species to be Peromyscus maniculatus borealis. The tan streak animals in the PGSC colony originated from a closed colony of P. maniculatus nubiterrae trapped in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains of Macon County, North Carolina. This mouse, however, was trapped at 56-38-30 N by 123-23-24 W, elevation 1,111 meters. Photograph by Frank Ritcey, Operations Manager, Christina Falls Outfitters ii Peromyscus Newsletter Number 41 This is the second exclusively electronic issue of PN and the second for which I have been editor. I would like to thank all of you who have been so supportive with your well-wishes and comments for improving the newsletter. The feedback has been very helpful, so keep it coming! Just send me an email at [email protected]. One difficulty I have encountered for which I have no solution is the frequency of returned emails when I send notices to the list. I believe many if not most are legitimate addresses but the recipient’s server will not allow the message to pass due to the long list of undisclosed recipients. I will try to contact as many of these people as possible about the problem, but if any of you know someone who has not been getting their emails I would be grateful if you could ask them to check their spam filters and send me an email so I may verify their correct email address.
    [Show full text]