1. REFINERIES in INDIA to Meet the Growing Demand of Petroleum
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1. REFINERIES IN INDIA To meet the growing demand of petroleum products, the refining capacity in the country has gradually increased over the years by setting up of new refineries in the country as well as by expanding the refining capacity of the existing refineries. As of April, 2009 there are a total of 20 refineries in the country comprising 17 (seventeen) in the Public Sector and 3 (three) in the Private Sector. The country is not only self sufficient in refining capacity for its domestic consumption but also exports petroleum products substantially. The total refining capacity in the country as on 1.10.2009 stands at 179.956 MMTPA. The company-wise location and capacity of the refineries as on 1.10.2009 is given in Table 1: Table 1 S. No. Name of the company Location of the Refinery Capacity, MMTPA* Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOC) 1. Guwahati, Assam 1.00 IOC 2. Barauni, Bihar 6.00 IOC 3. Koyali, Vadodara, Gujarat 13.70 IOC 4. Haldia, West Bengal 6.00 IOC Mathura, 5. 8.00 Uttar Pradesh IOC 6. Digboi, Assam 0.65 IOC 7. Panipat, Haryana 12.00 IOC 8. Bongaigaon, Assam 2.35 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) 9. Mumbai, Maharashtra 5.50 HPCL, Visakh Visakhapatnam, Andhra 10. 7.50 Pradesh Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) 11. Mumbai, Maharashtra 12.00 BPCL, Kochi 12. Kochi, Kerala 9.50 Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL) 13. Manali, Tamil Nadu 9.50 CPCL, Nagapattnam 14. Nagapattnam, Tamil Nadu 1.00 Numaligarh Refinery Ltd.(NRL) 15. Numaligarh, Assam, 3.00 Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (MRPL) 16. Mangalore, Karnataka 9.69 Tatipaka Refinery (ONGC) 17. Tatipaka, Andhra Pradesh 0.066 Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL); Private Sector 18. Jamnagar, Gujarat 33.00 Reliance Petroleum Limited (SEZ); Private Sector 19. Jamnagar, Gujarat 29.00 Essar Oil Limited (EOL); Private Sector 20. Jamnagar, Gujarat 10.50 TOTAL 179.956 * Million Metric Tonnes per Annum 2. EXPANSION OF EXISTING REFINERIES Capacity expansions planned during XIth Five Year Plan has been indicated in Table 2. Table 2 S.NO. Name of the company Location of the Increase in Refinery Capacity(MMTPA)* Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Panipat, 1. 3.0 Haryana Haldia, 2. IOCL 1.5 West Bengal Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) Mumbai, 3. 2.40 Maharashtra Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) Visakhapatnam, 4. 2.50 Andhra Pradesh Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL) Manali, 5. 1.60 Tamil Nadu BPCL, Kochi Refineries Ltd. Kochi, 6. 2.0 Kerala Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (MRPL) Mangalore, 7. 5.31 Karnataka Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Tatipaka, 8. 0.066 Andhra Pradesh 9. Vadinar, Essar Oil Limited 5.50 Gujarat TOTAL 23.876 • Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum 3. NEW REFINERIES New grassroots refineries coming up during the XIth Five Year Plan is indicated in Table 3. Table 3 S.No. Name of the Company Location of the Capacity Refinery (MMTPA) 1. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Paradip, Orissa 15 2. Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL) Bina, Madhya Pradesh 6 3. Hindustan Mittal Energy Limited (HMEL) Bathinda, Punjab 9 4. Essar Oil Limited, (EOL) Jamnagar, Gujarat 18 Cuddalore, 5. Nagarjuna Oil Corporation Limited (NOCL) 6 Tamil Nadu Total 54 4. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE REFINERIES 4.1 Guwahati Refinery, (Assam) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Guwahati Refinery, the first in public sector, was set up in collaboration with Rumania at a cost of Rs. 17.29 crores and commissioned on 1st January, 1962 with design capacity of 0.75 MMTPA. The present capacity of the Refinery is 1.00 MMTPA. Hydrotreater Unit for improving the quality of diesel has been installed and commissioned in 2002. The refinery has also installed in 2003 Indmax Unit, a novel technology developed by IOCL R&D Centre for upgrading heavy ends to LPG, motor spirit and diesel oil. Project for Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation is under implementation at present for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirements 4.2 Barauni Refinery, (Bihar) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Barauni Refinery in Eastern India was built in collaboration with the Soviet Union at a cost of Rs. 49.4 crores and went on stream in July, 1964. By 1969, capacity was expanded to 3.0 MMTPA and further augmented to 4.2 MMTPA in 2000. A Catalytic Reformer Unit (CRU) was also added to the refinery in 1997 for production of unleaded motor spirit. The refining capacity was further increased to 6 MMTPA in 2002 with the implementation of Barauni Refinery Expansion project, which also included Residue Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (RFCCU) and Diesel Hydrotreating Unit (DHDT. Currently MS Quality Upgradation project is under implementation for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirements. 4.3 Koyali Refinery- (Gujarat) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) The Gujarat Refinery was built with Soviet assistance at a cost of Rs.26.00 crores and went on stream in October, 1965. The Refinery had an initial capacity of 2 MMTPA and was designed to process crude from Ankleshwar, Kalol and Nawagam oilfields of Oil & Natural Gas Commission in Gujarat. In September, 1967, the capacity of the Refinery was expanded to 3 MMTPA. The capacity of the Refinery was further increased to 4.3 MMTPA through debottlenecking measures and to 7.3 MMTPA in October, 1978 by implementing an expansion project of Rs.56.07 crores. With the implementation of additional processing facilities, the Refinery could achieve capacity of 9.5 MMTPA in 1989. To match secondary processing capacity in line with crude processing capacity, Hydrocracking unit (HCU) was commissioned in Dec’ 1993 .The refining capacity was further expanded to 12.5 MMTPA with commissioning of 3.0 MMTPA CDU in September, 1999. For meeting diesel quality norms DHDS unit was installed and commissioned in June’ 1999. The present refining capacity of this refinery is 13.70 MMTPA. A Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) plant was commissioned in Aug’ 2004 for conversion of Kerosene to high value product. In order to meet Motor Spirit quality requirement, CCRU plant was commissioned in Oct’ 2006. At present, Residue Upgradation project comprising of Coker, VGO Hydrotreater, Diesel Hydrotreater and Isomerisation Unit is under implementation for upgrading heavy residue to fuel products and to meet Motor Spirit and Diesel quality requirements. 4.4 Haldia Refinery- ( West Bengal) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) The Haldia Refinery for processing 2.5 MMTPA of Middle East crude was commissioned in January, 1975 with two sectors- one for producing fuel products and other for Lube base stocks. The fuel sector was built with French collaboration and the Lube sector with Romanian collaboration. The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 2.75 MMTPA in 1989 through debottlenecking measures. The refining capacity was further expanded to 3.75 MMTPA with the commissioning of new crude distillation unit of 1.0 MMTPA in March, 1997. The present refining capacity of this refinery is 6.00 MMTPA. Diesel Hydro- desulphurization (DHDS) unit was commissioned for meeting diesel quality in Sep’ 1999. Catalytic De-waxing unit was commissioned in March 2003 which can produce API Group-II Lube base stock and first of its kind in India. Residue Fluidized catalytic Cracker Init (RFCCU) was commissioned in Sept’ 2001 as additional secondary processing unit. MS Quality Upgradation project was commissioned in Oct’ 2005 for meeting quality requirement for Motor Spirit. At present Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project is under implementation for improvement in diesel quality and distillate yield along with refinery capacity expansion from 6.0 MMTPA to 7.5 MMTPA. 4.5 Mathura Refinery – (Uttar Pradesh) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) The Mathura Refinery with capacity of 6.00 MMTPA was set up at a cost of RS.253.92 crores. The Refinery was commissioned in January, 1982 excluding FCCU and Sulphur Recovery Units which were commissioned in Jan, 1983. The refining capacity of this refinery was expanded to 7.5 MMTPA in 1989 by debottlenecking and revamping. A DHDS Unit was commissioned in 1989 for production of HSD with low sulphur content of 0.25% wt. (max.). The present refining capacity of this Refinery is 8.00 MMTPA. Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project was commissioned in July’ 2000 as additional secondary processing unit. For meeting diesel and Motor Spirit quality, Diesel Hydro Treater (DHDT) and Penex units were commissioned in May’2005 and June’2005 respectively. MS quality upgradation project for treatment of FCCU gasoline is under implementation for meeting the quality requirement of Motor Spirit. 4.6 Digboi Refinery – (Assam) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) The Refinery was set up at Digboi in 1901 by Assam Oil Company Limited. The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. took over the Refinery and marketing management of Assam Oil Company Ltd. with effect from 14.10.1981 and created a separate division. This division had both Refinery and Marketing operations. The Refinery at Digboi had an installed capacity 0.50 MMTPA. The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 0.65 MMTPA by modernization of refinery in July, 1996. A new Delayed Coking Unit of 1,70,000 TPA capacity was commissioned in 1999. A new Solvent De-waxing Unit for maximizing production of micro-crystalline was installed and commissioned in 2003. The refinery has also installed Hydrotreater to improve the quality of diesel. Project for Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation is under implementation for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirement. 4.7 Panipat Refinery – (Haryana) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) The refinery was set up in 1998 at Baholi Village in Distt. Panipat, Haryana at a cost of Rs.3868 crores. The refining capacity of the refinery was 6.0 MMTPA. Refining capacity was expanded from 6 MMTPA to 12 MMTPA in Aug’ 2006.