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Kweneng District Profile

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Kweneng District Profile Kweneng District Profile Financial Year 2013‐2014 District AIDS Coordinating Office Molepolole, Botswana (267) 591‐0579 (30‐Nov‐12) Page 1 of 12 District Overview Kweneng District is located in the south eastern part of Botswana. It has a large population of 304,549, representing approximately 15% of Botswana. Kweneng District comprises three Sub Districts; Letlhakeng, Molepolole/Lentsweletau and Mogoditshane/Thamaga. There are 57 villages in the full District. The Kweneng East Sub District is made up of the Molepolole/Lentsweletau and the Mogoditshane/Thamaga Sub Districts and contains a population of 256,833. The 2008 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III (BAIS III) data shows a national HIV prevalence rate of 17.6%. This is an increase of 3.0% from the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey II (BAIS II) conducted in 2004 in which the prevalence was found to be 17.1%. The National HIV infection rate is estimated to be at 2.9%. The 2008 national prevalence rate shows 20.4% females and 14.2% malesi. The 2004 national prevalence rate shows 19.8% females and 13.9% males. ii There was an overall increase in prevalence for both males and female. The HIV incidence follows a similar trend showing females at 3.5% and males 2.3%iii. The 2008 report for the Kweneng East District shows the prevalence rate is 16.7% and the incidence rate at 2.7%. By comparison to the national values, Kweneng East is doing only slightly better at curbing new infections and has a smaller population living with the disease. In the past year, the Kweneng East District has had successes in many programs dedicated to combating the spread of HIV. In particular, the district has seen a significant decrease in the number of ARV clients lost to follow up and has continued to see high testing uptakes among ANC clients and low transmission rates between mothers and children. However, even with these successes, there are still other contributing factors that have challenged the district. Gaps in knowledge regarding the role of Multiple Concurrent Partnerships (MCP) in the spread of HIV, high acceptance of MCP practices, and high levels of Gender Based Violence (GBV) show that increased effort must be made to educate the district and alter their current practices if the district is to reach the national goal of no new infections by 2016. Demographics Population According to the most recent census data collected in 2011, Kweneng East has a population of 256,833. This is a significant increase from when the population totalled 189,773 in 2001. Several of the villages with the highest growth rates in the country are within the Kweneng East District, including Mmopane (15.4%), Metsimotlhabe (7.1%), and Kumakwane (5.7%). These high growth rates have been linked to housing shortages in cities and towns and the villages’ proximity to those respective towns. Kweneng East also includes the two largest villages in the country; Molepolole and Mogoditshane, with populations of 63,128 and 56,139 respectively. Overall, the Kweneng District makes up approximately 15.0% of the population share for the entire country, making it the second largest district in the country. Age and Gender The population of Kweneng East is very similar to the population distribution for the entire country. The district is young with approximately 62.7% of the population being between the ages of 1‐29. Kweneng East Population Distribution by Age and Gender, 2008 Males Females Both Sexes Age Range % of total % of total % of all # # # males females persons Population <1 1,565 1.4% 2,993 2.4% 4,558 1.9% Population age 1‐14 35,986 32.6% 35,136 28.0% 71,122 30.1% Population age 15‐29 34,871 31.6% 42,164 33.6% 77,035 32.6% Population age 30‐49 27,105 24.5% 31,622 25.2% 58,727 24.9% Population age 50+ 10,968 9.9% 13,724 10.9% 24,691 10.5% Total population 110,495 100.0% 125,638 100.0% 236,133 100.0% (Source: Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III 2008 Statistical report, table 5; CSO – population projections) Page 2 of 12 Employment Kweneng East has a high unemployment rate of 28.7%, slightly above that of the national average (26.2%). Among those employed, there is a fairly even split between men (51,316) and women (48,938). The three most common professions in Kweneng East are in elementary occupations, craft and related trade workers, and service workers. Elementary occupations make up 25.0% of the workforce, craft and trade workers make up 18.0%, and service workers make up 16.0%. While this follows the national trends, it is important to note that there are certain professions that are made up significantly of one gender over another. Technicians, clerks, elementary occupations, and service workers are positions in which more women find themselves employed. Trade workers and machine operators have more men employed than women. Education Much of the population in Kweneng East is under educated with 11.6% of residents having received no formal education, almost half having received only up to secondary education, and only 14.6% having received higher education. Kweneng East Population Distribution by Educational Attainment, 2008 Level of Education Number Percentage No Education 13,406 10.2% Non Formal 1,839 1.4% Primary 36,519 27.7% Secondary 60,973 46.2% Higher 19,254 14.6% (Source: Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III 2008 Statistical report) Health and the HIV/AIDS Situation in the District HIV: Age and Gender As of 2008, the recorded incidence of HIV, or rate of new infection, for Kweneng East is 2.7%. When disaggregated by sex, females have a higher incidence of HIV at 3.4% compared to males with an incidence of 1.8%. These incidence rates are very similar to national trends and averages. The national incidence is slightly higher than the Kweneng East District at 2.8%. According to BAIS III, the Kweneng East HIV prevalence, or the total percentage of residents with an HIV+ status, is 16.7%, slightly lower than the national prevalence of 17.6%. Again, like the incidence rates, a higher percentage of females (17.8%) are HIV+ than males (15.3%). When disaggregated by age, males between the ages of 65 ‐ 69 and 40 ‐ 44 are most affected. Approximately 52.1% of males in Kweneng East between the ages of 65‐69 are HIV+ and 45.7% of males between the ages of 40 – 44 are infected. Females are affected by HIV at a much earlier age than men, with 44.4% of women ages 30 – 34 HIV+ and 44.9% of females 35 – 39 infected. Kweneng East HIV Status by Age and Gender, 2008 Males Females Both Sexes % of % HIV+ Age Range % of males Total Tested Tested females for both HIV+ Tested HIV+ sexes Age 15‐19 6344 18.2% 6789 16.2% 13133 16.5% Age 20 – 24 5248 15.1% 7752 18.5% 13001 16.3% Age 25‐ 29 5834 16.8% 5721 13.6% 14555 18.3% Age 30 – 34 4827 13.9% 5782 13.8% 10610 13.3% Age 35 – 39 3102 8.9% 4594 10.9% 7696 9.7% Age 40 – 44 3621 10.4% 4075 9.7% 7696 9.7% Age 45 – 49 2362 6.8% 4013 9.6% 6375 8.0% Age 50 – 54 1613 4.7% 1311 3.1% 2924 3.7% Age 55 – 60 1736 5.0% 1957 4.7% 3693 4.6% (Source: Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III 2008 Statistical report, Tables: 72 ‐ 97) Page 3 of 12 Voluntary Counselling and Testing Between 2010/11 and 2011/2012 financial years there has been a small increase in the number of men and women tested. In general, fewer men are tested than women. Even so, the percentage of adults testing is very low, with only 9.2% testing this year. In addition, there were fewer individuals who tested positive (6.0%) than last year (9.5%). Voluntary Counselling and Testing for Kweneng East, 2011‐2012 Males Females Both Sexes % of all Voluntary Testing % of males % of females # # Total # 15‐49 HIV+ HIV+ tested Persons aged 15–49 tested for HIV 5038 8.1% 7422 10.1% 12460 9.2% Persons aged 15‐49 found to be HIV+ 343 6.8% 401 5..4% 744 6.0% (Source: District Health Team report for April 2011 to March 2012) *Note: Percentages were determined using the 2008 estimated population statistics, as the 2011 census data disaggregated by age was unavailable. Thus, percentages are most likely higher than reality as preliminary 2011 census results showed that there has been an increase in the Kweneng East population since 2008. Anti‐Retroviral Therapy Approximately 1,000 more individuals started ARV treatment since last year. On a successful note, loss to follow up has decreased dramatically with only 117 individuals lost compared to last year’s 861. ARV Uptake in Kweneng East, 2011‐2012 ARV Uptake in Kweneng East 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Persons Persons 2010‐2011 Persons currently Persons who eligible for taking lost to 2011‐2012 started on ARV ARVs follow‐up ARVs this treatment (cumulativ this year year e) 2010‐2011 2063 987 11185 861 2011‐2012 874 2644 13020 117 (Source: District Health Team report for April 2011 to March 2012) ARV Uptake for Kweneng East, 2011‐2012 Males Females Both Sexes ARV Therapy Uptake % of % of % of # eligible # eligible # eligible males females persons Persons eligible for ARV treatment 1398 100.0% 1780 100.0% 3178 100.0% Persons who started on ARVs this year 987 1657 2644 Persons currently taking ARVs (cumulative) 4717 8303 13020 Persons lost to follow‐up this year 11 4.6% 106 16.6% 117 13.4% (Source: District Health Team report for April 2011 to March 2012) Page 4 of 12 Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission In 2011, 90.5% of pregnant women in the district enrolled in the PMTCT program compared to 92.8% in 2010.
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