ANTI-Vec Membership March 2021
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Nitrogen Content in Riparian Arthropods Is Most Dependent on Allometry and Order
Wiesenborn: Nitrogen Contents in Riparian Arthropods 71 NITROGEN CONTENT IN RIPARIAN ARTHROPODS IS MOST DEPENDENT ON ALLOMETRY AND ORDER WILLIAM D. WIESENBORN U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Regional Office, P.O. Box 61470, Boulder City, NV 89006 ABSTRACT I investigated the contributions of body mass, order, family, and trophic level to nitrogen (N) content in riparian spiders and insects collected near the Colorado River in western Arizona. Most variation (97.2%) in N mass among arthropods was associated with the allometric effects of body mass. Nitrogen mass increased exponentially as body dry-mass increased. Significant variation (20.7%) in N mass adjusted for body mass was explained by arthropod order. Ad- justed N mass was highest in Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, Araneae, and Odonata and lowest in Coleoptera. Classifying arthropods by family compared with order did not explain signifi- cantly more variation (22.1%) in N content. Herbivore, predator, and detritivore trophic-levels across orders explained little variation (4.3%) in N mass adjusted for body mass. Within or- ders, N content differed only among trophic levels of Diptera. Adjusted N mass was highest in predaceous flies, intermediate in detritivorous flies, and lowest in phytophagous flies. Nitro- gen content in riparian spiders and insects is most dependent on allometry and order and least dependent on trophic level. I suggest the effects of allometry and order are due to exoskeleton thickness and composition. Foraging by vertebrate predators, such as insectivorous birds, may be affected by variation in N content among riparian arthropods. Key Words: nutrients, spiders, insects, trophic level, exoskeleton, cuticle RESUMEN Se investiguo las contribuciones de la masa de cuerpo, orden, familia y el nivel trófico al con- tenido de nitógeno (N) en arañas e insectos riparianos (que viven en la orilla del rio u otro cuerpo de agua) recolectadaos cerca del Rio Colorado en el oeste del estado de Arizona. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Tachinid Flies in Subfamily Exoristinae Tachinidae: Diptera) Based on 28S Rdna and Elongation Factor-1A
Systematic Entomology *2002) 27,409±435 Phylogenetic relationships of tachinid flies in subfamily Exoristinae Tachinidae: Diptera) based on 28S rDNA and elongation factor-1a JOHN O. STIREMAN III Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,University of Arizona,Tucson,U.S.A. Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships within the largest subfamily of Tachi- nidae,Exoristinae,were explored using nucleotide sequences of two genes *EF-1 a and 28S rDNA). A total of fifty-five and forty-three taxa were represented in the analyses for each gene,respectively,representing forty-three genera. Neighbour joining,parsimony and maximum likelihood inference methods were employed to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in separate analyses of each gene,and parsimony was used to analyse the combined dataset. Although certain taxa were highly mobile,phylogenetic reconstructions generally supported recent clas- sification schemes based on reproductive habits and genitalia. Generally,the monophyly of Tachinidae and Exoristinae was supported. Tribes Winthemiini, Exoristini and Blondeliini were repeatedly constructed as monophyletic groups, with the former two clades often occupying a basal position among Exoristinae. Goniini and Eryciini generally clustered together as a derived clade within Exoristinae; however,they were never reconstructed as two distinct clades. These results suggest that the possession of unembryonated eggs is plesiomorphic within the subfamily and that there may have been multiple transitions between micro- type and macrotype egg forms. Introduction 1987; Williams et al.,1990; Eggleton & Belshaw,1993), and the wide variety of mechanisms by which they attack Tachinidae is generally regarded as a relatively recent, them *O'Hara,1985). These oviposition strategies include actively radiating clade of parasitic flies *Crosskey,1976). -
Tachinid Collecting in Southwest New Mexico and Arizona During the 2007 NADS Field Meeting
Wright State University CORE Scholar Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 2-2008 Tachinid Collecting in Southwest New Mexico and Arizona during the 2007 NADS Field Meeting John O. Stireman III Wright State University - Main Campus, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/biology Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Systems Biology Commons Repository Citation Stireman, J. O. (2008). Tachinid Collecting in Southwest New Mexico and Arizona during the 2007 NADS Field Meeting. The Tachinid Times (21), 14-16. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/biology/404 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Tachinid Times part of Florida’s natural heritage, its native bromeliads. some of the rarer species on that particular hilltop. Once this goal has been achieved, a program for repop- Identifications were made with generic and species ulating devastated areas with small plants grown from seed keys and descriptions from the literature (see O’Hara and specifically collected from a number of hard-hit areas can Wood 2004) with particular reliance on Monty Wood’s begin. (1987) key to Nearctic genera. Specimens were also com- pared to previously identified material in my collection. Tachinid collecting in southwest New Mexico and These identifications should be considered preliminary as Arizona during the 2007 NADS field meeting (by J.O. -
1 Modern Threats to the Lepidoptera Fauna in The
MODERN THREATS TO THE LEPIDOPTERA FAUNA IN THE FLORIDA ECOSYSTEM By THOMSON PARIS A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 2011 Thomson Paris 2 To my mother and father who helped foster my love for butterflies 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my family who have provided advice, support, and encouragement throughout this project. I especially thank my sister and brother for helping to feed and label larvae throughout the summer. Second, I thank Hillary Burgess and Fairchild Tropical Gardens, Dr. Jonathan Crane and the University of Florida Tropical Research and Education center Homestead, FL, Elizabeth Golden and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park, Leroy Rogers and South Florida Water Management, Marshall and Keith at Mack’s Fish Camp, Susan Casey and Casey’s Corner Nursery, and Michael and EWM Realtors Inc. for giving me access to collect larvae on their land and for their advice and assistance. Third, I thank Ryan Fessendon and Lary Reeves for helping to locate sites to collect larvae and for assisting me to collect larvae. I thank Dr. Marc Minno, Dr. Roxanne Connely, Dr. Charles Covell, Dr. Jaret Daniels for sharing their knowledge, advice, and ideas concerning this project. Fourth, I thank my committee, which included Drs. Thomas Emmel and James Nation, who provided guidance and encouragement throughout my project. Finally, I am grateful to the Chair of my committee and my major advisor, Dr. Andrei Sourakov, for his invaluable counsel, and for serving as a model of excellence of what it means to be a scientist. -
The Tachinid Times
The Tachinid Times ISSUE 24 February 2011 Jim O’Hara, editor Invertebrate Biodiversity Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada ISSN 1925-3435 (Print) C.E.F., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6 ISSN 1925-3443 (Online) Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] My thanks to all who have contributed to this year’s announcement before the end of January 2012. This news- issue of The Tachinid Times. This is the largest issue of the letter accepts submissions on all aspects of tachinid biology newsletter since it began in 1988, so there still seems to be and systematics, but please keep in mind that this is not a a place between peer-reviewed journals and Internet blogs peer-reviewed journal and is mainly intended for shorter for a medium of this sort. This year’s issue has a diverse news items that are of special interest to persons involved assortment of articles, a few announcements, a listing of in tachinid research. Student submissions are particularly recent literature, and a mailing list of subscribers. The welcome, especially abstracts of theses and accounts of Announcements section is more sizable this year than usual studies in progress or about to begin. I encourage authors and I would like to encourage readers to contribute to this to illustrate their articles with colour images, since these section in the future. This year it reproduces the abstracts add to the visual appeal of the newsletter and are easily of two recent theses (one a Ph.D. and the other a M.Sc.), incorporated into the final PDF document. -
Acquired Natural Enemies of Oxyops Vitiosa 1
Christensen et al.: Acquired Natural Enemies of Oxyops vitiosa 1 ACQUIRED NATURAL ENEMIES OF THE WEED BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OXYOPS VITIOSA (COLEPOTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) ROBIN M. CHRISTENSEN, PAUL D. PRATT, SHERYL L. COSTELLO, MIN B. RAYAMAJHI AND TED D. CENTER USDA/ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, 3225 College Ave., Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314 ABSTRACT The Australian curculionid Oxyops vitiosa Pascoe was introduced into Florida in 1997 as a biological control agent of the invasive tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake. Pop- ulations of the weevil increased rapidly and became widely distributed throughout much of the invasive tree’s adventive distribution. In this study we ask if O. vitiosa has acquired nat- ural enemies in Florida, how these enemies circumvent the protective terpenoid laden exu- dates on larvae, and what influence 1 of the most common natural enemies has on O. vitiosa population densities? Surveys of O. vitiosa populations and rearing of field-collected individ- uals resulted in no instances of parasitoids or pathogens exploiting weevil eggs or larvae. In contrast, 44 species of predatory arthropods were commonly associated (>5 individuals when pooled across all sites and sample dates) with O. vitiosa. Eleven predatory species were ob- served feeding on O. vitiosa during timed surveys, including 6 pentatomid species, 2 formi- cids and 3 arachnids. Species with mandibulate or chelicerate mouthparts fed on adult stages whereas pentatomids, with haustellate beaks, pierced larval exoskeletons thereby by- passing the protective larval coating. Observations of predation were rare, with only 8% of timed surveys resulting in 1 or more instances of attack. Feeding by the pentatomid Podisus mucronatus Uhler accounted for 76% of all recorded predation events. -
Diptera: Tachinidae) from Fars Province, Iran
Turk J Zool 34 (2010) 35-43 © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-0805-10 A contribution to the tachinid flies of the subfamilies Exoristinae and Tachininae (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Fars province, Iran Mehdi GHEIBI1,*, Hadi OSTOVAN2, Karim KAMALI1 1Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran - IRAN 2Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Fars Science and Research Branch, Marvdasht - IRAN Received: 21.05.2008 Abstract: Data are given on the distribution of 40 species belonging to the subfamilies Exoristinae and Tachininae that were collected by the first author in Fars province, Iran, during 2006-2007. In all, 22 species were recorded for the first time from Iran and 34 species from Fars province. Erynniopsis antennata (Rondani, 1861) was reared for the first time on the host Diorhabda elongate (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Key words: Diptera, Tachinidae, Iran, Fars, distribution Introduction The most reliable characters for recognizing a The family Tachinidae forms the largest and one tachinid fly are the presence of hypopleural (meral) of the most diverse families of flies (Diptera, bristles and the well-developed sub-scutellum. Brachycera). Worldwide, this family comprises more Members of the family are often conspicuously bristly, than 8000 described species in 4 subfamilies: whilst others, especially many species from the Exoristinae, Tachininae, Dexiinae, and Phasiinae subfamily Phasiinae, are often quite bare. The larvae (Herting, 1984). The actual number of the family is live as endoparasitoids in Arthropoda, almost much larger, as the Neotropical, Afrotropical, exclusively in insects. Insects known as tachinid hosts Oriental, and Australasian regions are not well studied belong to 11 orders, and Lepidoptera caterpillars serve and contain large numbers of undescribed species as hosts for the majority of species. -
World Genera of the Tachinidae (Diptera) and Their Regional Occurrence
WORLD GENERA OF THE TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) AND THEIR REGIONAL OCCURRENCE by 1 1 James E. O’Hara and Shannon J. Henderson 18 December 2018 Version 10.0 ________________________ 1 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected] Cover image: Female of Xanthoepalpus bicolor (Williston) on a flower in Lockett Meadow, San Francisco Peaks, Arizona. Picture by J.E. O’Hara, 5 July 2017. WORLD GENERA OF THE TACHINIDAE TABLE OF CONTENTS Click on a page number to go to the page indicated Foreword ................................................................................................................................. 2 Biogeographic summary ......................................................................................................... 3 World species of the Tachinidae ............................................................................................. 5 Publication history of world genera list ................................................................................... 5 Table of genera and their regional occurrence ........................................................................ 6 References ..............................................................................................................................82 Select a letter to go directly to the corresponding genus in the list of world genera A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | -
An Introduction to the Immature Stages of British Flies
Royal Entomological Society HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS To purchase current handbooks and to download out-of-print parts visit: http://www.royensoc.co.uk/publications/index.htm This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Copyright © Royal Entomological Society 2013 Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 10, Part 14 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMATURE STAGES OF BRITISH FLIES DIPTERA LARVAE, WITH NOTES ON EGGS, PUP ARIA AND PUPAE K. G. V. Smith ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON Handbooks for the Vol. 10, Part 14 Identification of British Insects Editors: W. R. Dolling & R. R. Askew AN INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMATURE STAGES OF BRITISH FLIES DIPTERA LARVAE, WITH NOTES ON EGGS, PUPARIA AND PUPAE By K. G. V. SMITH Department of Entomology British Museum (Natural History) London SW7 5BD 1989 ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON The aim of the Handbooks is to provide illustrated identification keys to the insects of Britain, together with concise morphological, biological and distributional information. Each handbook should serve both as an introduction to a particular group of insects and as an identification manual. Details of handbooks currently available can be obtained from Publications Sales, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. Cover illustration: egg of Muscidae; larva (lateral) of Lonchaea (Lonchaeidae); floating puparium of Elgiva rufa (Panzer) (Sciomyzidae). To Vera, my wife, with thanks for sharing my interest in insects World List abbreviation: Handbk /dent. Br./nsects. © Royal Entomological Society of London, 1989 First published 1989 by the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. -
Proquest Dissertations
The ecology and evolution of tachinid-host associations Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Stireman, John Oscar Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 03/10/2021 23:55:09 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289745 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. -
Camillo Rondani O'hara, James E.; Cerretti, Pierfilippo; Pape, Thomas; Evenhuis, Neal L
Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part II Camillo Rondani O'Hara, James E.; Cerretti, Pierfilippo; Pape, Thomas; Evenhuis, Neal L. Publication date: 2011 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): O'Hara, J. E., Cerretti, P., Pape, T., & Evenhuis, N. L. (2011). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part II: Camillo Rondani. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 3141 http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03141p268.pdf Download date: 26. sep.. 2021 Zootaxa 3141: 1–268 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 3141 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part II: Camillo Rondani JAMES E. O’HARA1, PIERFILIPPO CERRETTI2, THOMAS PAPE3 & NEAL L. EVENHUIS4 1. Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada; email: [email protected] 2. Centro Nazionale Biodiversità Forestale “Bosco Fontana”, Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Via C. Ederle 16/A, 37100 Verona, Italy; email: [email protected] 3. Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; email: [email protected] 4. J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA; email: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Bickel: 09 Nov. 2011; published: 23 Dec. 2011 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. -
Tachinidae Bigot 1853
Dr Francesco Fiume Tachinidae Bigot 1853 Taxonomy of Tachinidae family Clade Natura Clade Mundus Plinius Superdominium/Superdomain Biota Bernard Pelletier 2012 Domain Eukaryota (Chatton 1925) Whittaker et Margulis 1978 Clade Amorphea Adl 2005 Clade Opisthokonta (Cavalier Smith 1987) Adl 2005 Clade Holozoa Lang et al . 2002 Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus 1758 Clade Epitheliozoa Ax 1996 Subkingdom Eumetazoa Bütschli 1910 Clade Bilateria Hatschek 1888 Clade Eubilateria Ax 1987 or (synonym) Nephrozoa Jondelius et al. 2002 Clade Protostomia Grobben 1908 Clade Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo et al . 1997 Superphylum Panarthropoda Nielsen 1995 Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold 1848 Clade Euarthropoda Lankester 1904 Clade Mandibulata Snodgrass 1938 Clade Crustaceomorpha Chernyshev 1960 Clade Labrophora Siveter, Waloszek et Williams 2003 Subphylum Pancrustacea Zrzavý et al . 1997 Clade Altocrustacea Regier et al . 2010 Clade Miracrustacea Regier et al . 2010 Superclass Exapoda Latreille 1825 Class Insecta Linnaeus 1758 Clade Dicondylia Hennig 1953 Subclass Pterygota Lang 1888 Infraclass Neoptera van der Wulp 1890 Clade Eumetabola Hennig 1953 Clade Holometabola Heider 1889 or (synonym) Endopterygota Sharp 1898 Superordo Panorpida Kristensen 1981 or (synonym) Mecoptera Hyatt et Arms 1891 Clade Antliophora Henning 1969 Order Diptera Linnaeus 1758 Suborder Brachycera Schiner 1862 Section Cyclorrhapha Brauer 1863 Infraorder Muscomorpha McAlpine 1989 Section Schizophora Becher 1882 Subsection Calyptratae Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 Superfamily Oestroidea Latreille 1817 Family Tachinidae Bigot 1853. Generality The Tachinidae are a large and variable family of true flies within the insect order Diptera , with more than 8,200 known species and many more to be discovered. Over 1300 species have been described in North America alone. Insects in this family commonly are called tachina flies or simply tachinids.