Election Officials Nationwide Find No Fraud

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Justices Signal Fighting a False Claim Members of Both Parties Praise Process — The president and his allies have baselessly claimed that rampant voter fraud stole victory from him. Rejection of the President’s Narrative Likely Reprieve State officials say there were no irregularities that affected the outcome. This article is by Nick Corasaniti, said: “I don’t know of a single case For Health Act Reid J. Epstein and Jim Rutenberg. where someone argued that a vote KANSAS ‘Kansas did not experience any widespread, PHILADELPHIA — Election counted when it shouldn’t have or TRUMP +15 systematic issues with voter fraud, intimidation, officials in dozens of states repre- didn’t count when it should. There Two Conservatives Side senting both political parties said was no fraud.” irregularities or voting problems.’ that there was no evidence that “Kansas did not experience any With Liberal Faction The office of Secretary of State Scott Schwab, a Republican fraud or other irregularities widespread, systematic issues played a role in the outcome of the with voter fraud, intimidation, ir- presidential race, amounting to a regularities or voting problems,” a By ADAM LIPTAK forceful rebuke of President spokeswoman for Scott Schwab, the Republican secretary of state WASHINGTON — At least five Trump’s portrait of a fraudulent MICHIGAN in Kansas, said in an email Tues- Supreme Court justices, including ‘We have not seen any evidence of fraud or foul play in the election. BIDEN +3 day. “We are very pleased with two members of its conservative Over the last several days, the actual administration of the election. What we have seen how the election has gone up to majority, indicated on Tuesday president, members of his admin- this point.” that they would reject attempts by is that it was smooth, transparent, secure and accurate.’ istration, congressional Republi- The New York Times contacted Republicans and the Trump ad- cans and right wing allies have The office of Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson, a Democrat the offices of the top election offi- ministration to kill the Affordable put forth the false claim that the cials in every state on Monday Care Act. election was stolen from Mr. and Tuesday to ask whether they It was not clear whether the Trump and have refused to accept suspected or had evidence of ille- court would strike down a provi- results that showed Joseph R. Bi- gal voting. Officials in 45 states re- sion of the act that initially re- MINNESOTA den Jr. as the winner. sponded directly to The Times. quired most Americans to obtain BIDEN +7 ‘I don’t know of a single case where someone argued But top election officials across For four of the remaining states, insurance or pay a penalty, a re- the country said in interviews and that a vote counted when it shouldn’t have or didn’t The Times spoke to other state- quirement that was rendered statements that the process had count when it should. There was no fraud.’ been a remarkable success de- wide officials or found public com- toothless in 2017 after Congress ments from secretaries of state; zeroed out the penalty. But the Secretary of State Steve Simon, a Democrat spite record turnout and the complications of a dangerous pan- none reported any major voting bulk of the sprawling 2010 health issues. care law, President Barack Oba- demic. Statewide officials in Texas did ma’s defining domestic legacy, ap- “There’s a great human capaci- not respond to repeated inquiries. peared likely to survive its latest ty for inventing things that aren’t But a spokeswoman for the top encounter with the court. OHIO ‘There’s a great human capacity for inventing things true about elections,” said Frank TRUMP +8 LaRose, a Republican who serves elections official in Harris County, Chief Justice John G. Roberts as Ohio’s secretary of state. “The the largest county in Texas with a Jr. and Justice Brett M. Kava- that aren’t true about elections. The conspiracy theories conspiracy theories and rumors population greater than many naugh said striking down the so- and rumors and all those things run rampant.’ and all those things run rampant. states, said that there were only a called individual mandate did not Secretary of State Frank LaRose, a Republican For some reason, elections breed few minor issues and that “we had require the rest of the law to be that type of mythology.” a very seamless election.” On struck down as well. Steve Simon, a Democrat who is Tuesday, the Republican lieuten- “Congress left the rest of the Minnesota’s secretary of state, Continued on Page A15 law intact when it lowered the penalty to zero,” Chief Justice ‘Many of the claims against the commonwealth have Roberts said. PENNSYLVANIA Justice Kavanaugh made a sim- BIDEN +0.67 already been dismissed, and repeating these false attacks ilar point. “It does seem fairly is reckless. No active lawsuit even alleges, and no evidence Trump Marshals Federal Power clear that the proper remedy would be to sever the mandate presented so far has shown, widespread problems.’ To Overturn His Election Defeat provision and leave the rest of the The office of Attorney General Josh Shapiro, a Democrat act in place — the provisions regarding pre-existing conditions By PETER BAKER and the rest,” he said. and LARA JAKES The court’s three-member liberal wing — Justices Stephen G. WASHINGTON ‘It’s just throwing grass at the fence at this point. WASHINGTON — President Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and BIDEN +20 Trump, facing the prospect of Elena Kagan — also indicated See what sticks.’ leaving the White House in defeat in just 70 days, is harnessing the their support for the law. That sug- The office of Secretary of State Kim Wyman, a Republican gested there were at least five power of the federal government votes to uphold almost all of it. to resist the results of an election Three members of the court’s that he lost, something that no sit- conservative majority, Justices Results as of Tuesday at 6:40 p.m. Eastern. THE NEW YORK TIMES ting president has done in Ameri- Clarence Thomas, Samuel A. Alito can history. Jr. and Neil M. Gorsuch, seemed In the latest sign of defiance, the poised to vote to strike down the president’s senior cabinet secre- POOL PHOTO BY JACQUELYN MARTIN law. The court’s newest member, tary fueled concerns on Tuesday Secretary of State Mike Pom- Justice Amy Coney Barrett, was that Mr. Trump would resist hand- peo expects a Trump victory. harder to read, though she has El Paso Buckles Under Strain as Infections Soar ing over power to President-elect been publicly critical of earlier rul- Joseph R. Biden Jr. after legal the heads of three other agencies Continued on Page A16 1,076 as of Tuesday — and is more challenges to the vote. “There will By J. DAVID GOODMAN than doubling its supply of mobile be a smooth transition to a second while installing loyalists in key po- U.S. Hits Record High morgues, to 10 from four. Trump administration,” Secretary sitions at the National Security EL PASO — Coronavirus pa- for Hospitalizations The strain on the city, as it grap- of State Mike Pompeo said. Agency and the Pentagon. Allies tients filled beds on one floor. ples with the pandemic’s deadly Mr. Trump’s attorney general expect more to come, including Then two. Then the University third wave, is mirrored across the has at the same time authorized the possible dismissals of the di- Vatican Inquiry Medical Center, a teaching hospi- country. The number of Covid-19 investigations into supposed vote rectors of the F.B.I. and the C.I.A. tal in El Paso, set up tents to care enforce it. Then the state attorney hospitalizations in the United fraud, his general services admin- But the rest of the world infor patients in a parking lot. A Says John Paul general weighed in — a lockdown States hit a record high of 61,964 istrator has refused to give Mr. Bi- creasingly moved to accept Mr. downtown convention center be- was unnecessary and illegal, he on Tuesday, surpassing the hor- den’s team access to transition of- Biden’s victory and prepared to came a field hospital. To free up said. rific early days of the spring in fices and resources guaranteed work with him despite Mr. Knew of Abuse even more space, the state began And the patients kept coming. New York and the summer in the under law and the White House is Trump’s refusal to acknowledge airlifting dozens of intensive care “We discharge one patient, and South and West. preparing a budget for next year the results. Speaking with journal- patients to other cities. Hospitalizations have more as if Mr. Trump will be around to By JASON HOROWITZ there are two that come in,” said ists, Mr. Biden called the presi- Local leaders clashed over Wanda Helgesen, executive direc- than doubled since September, ac- present it. dent’s actions since Election Day VATICAN CITY — A highly an- what to do to quell the spiraling tor of the local council on emer- cording to the Covid Tracking The president has also em- ticipated Vatican report found on “an embarrassment” that will not coronavirus crisis. The top county gency and disaster preparedness. Project, passing the previous barked on a shake-up of his ad- Tuesday that Pope John Paul II serve him well in the long run. official ordered a lockdown and El Paso, a border city of 680,000, peak of 59,940 patients hospital- ministration, firing Defense Sec- had rejected explicit warnings now has more people hospitalized ized in mid-April. But while the retary Mark T. Esper as well as Continued on Page A13 about sexual abuse by Theodore curfew. But the mayor disagreed, with Covid-19 than most states — Continued on Page A6 E. McCarrick, now a disgraced and the police said they would not former cardinal, choosing to believe the American prelate’s denials and misleading accounts by Black Voters Went for Biden. bishops as he elevated him to the highest ranks of the church hier- Now They Hope He’ll Deliver. archy. As Washington’s archbishop, Mr. McCarrick was one of the By JOHN ELIGON and AUDRA D. S. BURCH most powerful leaders of the Ro- man Catholic Church in the United When President-elect Joseph R. While Black voters across the States, a media darling and prodi- Biden Jr. thanked Black voters in country celebrated the election of gious fund-raiser with deep con- his victory speech on Saturday Mr. Biden and his vice president, nections in the Vatican. But he be- night for rescuing his campaign Senator Kamala Harris of Califor- came the highest-ranking Ameri- when it was at its lowest point and nia, many said in recent days that can official to be removed for sex- declared “you’ve always had my the administration would have to ual abuse when the pope kicked back, and I’ll have yours,” Kourt- prove its sincerity when it came to him out of the priesthood in 2019. ney Neloms did not cheer like the addressing the country’s vast in- Given Mr. McCarrick’s long ca- hundreds in attendance. equalities and systemic barriers. reer — as a priest in New York, Instead, listening to Mr. Biden “I am hopeful and willing to give archbishop of Newark and a speak in Wilmington, Del., from Biden a chance but am not com- Washington cardinal with a na- her hometown, Detroit, she felt pletely sold,” said Geary Woolfolk, tional and international profile — somewhat skeptical. 53, who is Black and lives in sub- the 449-page report had the poten- “OK, let’s see if he’s really being urban Atlanta. tial to engulf three separate papa- honest about this,” Ms. Neloms, In this year’s election, Mr. Biden cies in scandal. Since the abuse 42, who is Black, recalled thinking. attracted about 87 percent of the carried out by Mr. McCarrick be- JOEL ANGEL JUAREZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES “My prayer is that it’s not just lip Black vote. At the same time, Mr. Continued on Page A10 In El Paso, medical centers are overrun by Covid-19 patients and have had to use field hospitals. service.” Continued on Page A17

INTERNATIONAL A9-11 NATIONAL A12-20 BUSINESS B1-7 FOOD D1-10 ARTS C1-8 Flight of the Fraudsters A Telling Blow to Populism? Biden’s Back; Tech Trembles Avoiding Kitchen Burnout The Sounds of Hyperpop While New Zealand slept, hackers Movement leaders may have lost their The Obama administration gave the Forget the idea of a “perfect” Thanks- Ben Dandridge-Lemco takes a look at threw the Bird of the Year contest into champion, President Trump, but their tech industry a lot of leeway. But that giving, and celebrate the one that’s how the small Spotify playlist has chaos with 1,500 fake votes. PAGE A9 economic, social and political griev- seems like a long time ago. PAGE B1 possible, Tejal Rao says. PAGE D1 grown into such a big deal. PAGE C1 ances remain potent. PAGE A18 Doing the Biden Boogie Nagorno-Karabakh Fallout SPORTSWEDNESDAY B8-11 A Buttermilk-Brined Bird Russia and Turkey emerged as power The Polls Just Didn’t Add Up Every November, Samin Nosrat is Afer a certain announcement was made brokers in a dispute that Azerbaijan Did political surveys fail to learn from Augusta National and Race asked if her roast chicken recipe works Saturday, there just had to be dancing in the streets, Gia Kourlas says. PAGE C1 won against Armenia. PAGE A9 the errors of 2016, or did this election An honor for Lee Elder, the first Black with turkey. Now she knows. PAGE D1 reflect new problems? PAGE A14 golfer in the Masters, epitomizes the glacial changes at the club. PAGE B8 EDITORIAL, OP-ED A24-25

TRACKING AN OUTBREAK A4-8 Thomas L. Friedman PAGE A25 OBITUARIES A21-23 The $1,944 Coronavirus Test Some Connecticut patients were Heart of the Celtics shocked by their bill for “super Covid Tom Heinsohn, a champion, Hall of U(D54G1D)y+[!.!%!$!z tests” and $480 follow-up calls. PAGE A7 Famer and announcer, was 86. PAGE A23 A2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

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JOSHUA BRIGHT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Dr. Steven Murphy oversees a drive-through coronavirus testing site in Darien, Conn.

Tracing a $1,944 Coronavirus Test

By SARAH KLIFF data set that showed that a doctor who was AUDIO For the last few months, I’ve started my staffing public testing sites was repeatedly mornings with the same routine: review- billing insurers more than $1,000 for co- On a new episode of “Sway,” a ing New York Times readers’ medical bills ronavirus tests. Times Opinion podcast, Kara over coffee. This is information that powerful health Swisher talks with the couples The documents are part of a project I care lobbies typically try to keep secret, counselor Esther Peel about how began in August, asking readers to send in making it frustratingly difficult for report- to love and work through tumul- charges they’ve faced for coronavirus ers and patients to answer seemingly basic tuous times in a relationship and testing and treatment. The bills can reveal questions, like how much a coronavirus in our nation. nytimes.com/sway Good friends important information that hospitals and test costs in the United States. doctors often keep secret, like the true cost The patients who went to one of these of a hospital stay or how much fees vary drive-through testing sites had no chance deserve extraordinary from one patient to the next. A few trickle of knowing what charges they would face in each day, and I look over every one. beforehand. Their bills, however, can help journalism. If you read enough — I’m at 400 and shine some light on the issue. They lay counting right now — they can also show secret prices out in plain sight. patterns in how providers bill patients. They also contain five-digit billing codes, That’s how I came to my latest story, which which I’ve had to become more adept at reading the longer I’ve covered the health looks at a doctor based in Greenwich, HOME Refer someone to The Times. Conn., named Steven Murphy. Patients system. Those codes show exactly what Make your living space your Visit nytimes.com/refer. contend that he used public testing sites to service the doctor provided. In this case, refuge. Our real estate guide on run unnecessary and expensive tests. those codes tipped me off that Dr. Murphy how to create a serene home Dr. Murphy defended his billing practices wasn’t just billing for coronavirus tests, as contains tips on storage, lighting, and said he was providing a vital service to his patients thought. He was billing for 20 wall finishes and furniture. the community. other respiratory pathogens, too. nytimes.com/realestate The story caught my eye as an investiga- The bills are important, but they are tive reporter only because of the high never the entire story. After I had amassed number of patients sending bills from his enough bills to start seeing a pattern, I testing sites in New York City’s northern began interviewing patients. I spoke with suburbs. Without that wave of reader Dr. Murphy about his billing practices. He submissions, I never would have known said the use of the larger test was appro- something was awry. priate because it could catch a wider range The first bill with this provider was sent of diseases, particularly for those who to me on Aug. 3, the same day I started the were symptomatic. collection project. A woman from outside I talked to medical billing experts to get their insights, and to the elected officials New York City said she was “shocked” to STUDENT QUIZ see a drive-through coronavirus testing who had set up the testing sites. I filed public records requests, and when they A historic election, Alex Trebek, site bill her insurance $1,944. “How can habitable planets: Have you been this provider bill $480 for a 3 minute phone came back, combed through thousands of pages of emails between Dr. Murphy and paying attention to the news? Try call giving test results?” she asked in her the Learning Network’s news quiz submission. town government workers. In most cases, the patient bills I receive for students and see how many The next day, another submission from a questions you can get right. patient of Dr. Murphy’s came in. “I can pay don’t turn into stories. Some don’t reveal new information. Of those that do, we often nytimes.com/learning my bill but I’m astounded at the cost the don’t have enough submissions to show a provider is charging for the test,” the pa- pattern or the ability to look into each one. tient wrote. Four days later, there was another patient reporting the “exorbitant In this case, though, we got lucky: A critical mass of readers decided to take a Contact the Newsroom rates” she faced, also from Dr. Murphy. few minutes to send us a medical bill they [email protected] When the first bill came in, I thought it found odd. Their decisions allowed me to was interesting but didn’t quite see a full Share a News Tip do my job better, and tell a story that other- [email protected] or nytimes.com/tips story. The patient’s high charges could be The joys. wise may have gone untold. an anomaly. By the end of the summer, I Contact Customer Care had six separate bills and an inkling some- Read Ms. Kliff’s full article about coronavirus nytimes.com/contactus The tribulations. thing was amiss. I had slowly amassed a testing on Page A7. or 1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637) The twists. On This Day in History A MEMORABLE HEADLINE FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES

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November 11, 1954. The 75-foot bronze statue by the sculptor Felix de Weldon depicted one of the most famous combat images of World War II: the historic flag raising at Iwo Jima by U.S. Marines in February 1945. Three of the six men represented in the statue attended the ceremony in Arlington, Va.; the other three died in the bitter fight for the island. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Vice President Richard Nixon attended the dedication, as did Gen. Lemuel Shepherd Jr., the Marine Corps commandant, who hailed the scene as “one of the many great moments in American history.” Subscribers can browse the complete Times archives through 2002 at timesmachine.nytimes.com.

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Of Interest NOTEWORTHY FACTS FROM TODAY’S PAPER

Chocolate is now a daily habit for Spatchcocking a turkey — splitting one in five people in India, according it open for cooking — involves to a 2019 report by the removing its backbone and market-research company Mintel. flattening it out. Was There Ever a Battle So Sweet? D10 Two Birds, One Message: For Cooking, • Simple Is Best D1 The kiwi pukupuku, or little spotted • kiwi, is one of five species of kiwi Among the more than 1,700 regular bird, New Zealand’s national icon. grandmasters of chess worldwide, Voter Fraud Scandalizes New Zealand 37 are women. Bird Poll A9 Queens, Kings and Sexism C1 • CHANEL MILLER • Despite obstacles caused by the The Masters, first played in 1934, pandemic, the world is expected to On a recent day since President didn’t extend an invitation to a add nearly 4 percent to its capacity Trump’s defeat, there were fewer new Black competitor until 1975. to generate electricity from posts on a QAnon message board of Augusta National Golf Club, site of renewable sources of energy like 8kun, a website popular with QAnon the tournament, didn’t admit its first wind and solar in 2020. followers, than on 8kun’s board for Black member until 1990. Renewable Energy Gains Ground, adult-diaper fetishists. A Storied Course Comes Late Even in Pandemic B5 To the Conversation B8 QAnon Believers, Adrift After Trump Loss, Search for Reassurance ‘Plan’ Is Valid A15

The Conversation Spotlight FOUR OF THE MOST READ, SHARED AND DISCUSSED POSTS ADDITIONAL REPORTAGE AND REPARTEE FROM ACROSS NYTIMES.COM FROM OUR JOURNALISTS

Presidential Election Results On a recent episode of “The Book Review” podcast, the host House Democrats officially retained their majority with at Pamela Paul, editor of The New York Times Book Review, least 218 seats, but the party was still reeling from losing in interviewed the award-winning children’s books author and districts where Democrats had been expected to win. The illustrator Christian Robinson about how he chooses which news was one of the items in The Times’s continually updated projects to take on. Here is an edited exchange. election package, which was Tuesday’s most read article. Growing Discomfort at Law Firms Representing Trump Pamela Paul What makes you say yes to a project? In Election Lawsuits Some lawyers at Jones Day and Porter Wright said they were worried about undermining the electoral system as their Christian Robinson I think l’m looking for something firms prepared to wage a legal war challenging the results of that is missing. There are a lot of books out in the the election on behalf of the president. world, and I want to put something out in the world that I feel might be needed, that I need to see. A Record-Setting Ascent of El Capitan Sometimes I’m almost having a conversation with my Emily Harrington became the first woman to scale the 3,000- inner child: What is the book that I would’ve loved to foot-high monolith in Yosemite National Park via the Golden have seen on a bookshelf? Gate route in under 24 hours by free-climbing it — pulling herself upward with her hands and feet and using ropes and other gear only as a safety net. Paul What was it that you wanted to add with your book “Another”?

Robinson I kept thinking about the importance of children seeing themselves in the books they read. As someone who works with images, I know how powerful pictures can be. How powerful it is to see a reflection of yourself. How that sends a message that you’re seen, you’re valuable, you matter. And I think what was missing was a story about a person of color, a Black girl, going on this magical adventure where anything is possible.

JON GLASSBERG/LOUDER THAN 11 Growing up, I read so many books about kids that didn’t necessarily look like me or come from my Pfizer’s Covid Vaccine: 11 Things You Need to Know community going on these magical adventures or The Times’s report covered key details that emerged from the discovering some power that they had. And that sends MONICA announcement of the new vaccine produced by drug-making a message, too. So I wanted to create a story where partners Pfizer and BioNTech. Because of the data indicating all kinds of kids could see themselves going on this RICH that the vaccine is 90 percent effective, experts were opti- magical adventure. mistic about results coming from the entire field of other vaccines now in late-stage trials across the globe. KOSANN To listen to the full podcast, go to nytimes.com/tbrpodcast.

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CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH, THE ARTS, RACIAL JUSTICE & ENDING GUN VIOLENCE. A4 WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N Tracking an Outbreak

Hot Spots in the United States Coronavirus Update As of Tuesday evening, more than 10,297,300 people across every state, plus Washington, D.C., and four U.S. territories, have tested positive for the coronavirus, according to a New York Times database. More than 239,900 people with the virus have died in the United States. Italy Seals Off More Regions as Cases Rise Average daily cases per 100,000 people Uptick in New York City Is ‘Warning Sign’ in the past week

Wash. Emergency Approval for Eli Lilly Treatment 16 32 48 Few or no cases Maine Mont. N.D.

Minn.

By JAMES BARRON Vt. Ore. Minn. The world is in waiting — for a vaccine for the coronavirus, for a Idaho N.H. S.D. Mich. Mass. new administration in Washington, for a day when the trend lines do Wis. N.Y. not go in the wrong direction. Tuesday was not that day. The virus is Wyo. Conn. R.I. spreading more rapidly than at any time since the pandemic began, so rapidly that restrictions — on bellying up to a bar or going to a Iowa Pa. N.J. party at a friend’s house — may once again be the most dependable Nev. Neb. way to bring down transmission of the virus. Ind. Ohio Md. Ill. Del. Much of Europe is on lockdown again, and on Tuesday, Italy D.C. Utah locked down even more parts of the country — the central regions of Colo. Kan. W.Va. Ky. Va. Abruzzo, Umbria and Tuscany, as well as Basilicata in the south and Calif. Mo. Liguria on the coast. Giovanni Rezza, the director of the prevention department at the Italian Health Ministry, said the new restrictions Ariz. N.C. Tenn. were necessary in a crisis that “keeps worsening.” Okla. The United States has set alarming records as the virus has Ark. S.C. pushed on. In Massachusetts, officials are worried that the re- N.M. surgence will require field hospitals to reopen to handle patients Ga. Ala. from overburdened intensive care units. Arizona, where the virus erupted in midsummer, reported 3,434 cases on Tuesday, the most in Miss. one day since July 25. In hard-hit North Dakota, Gov. Doug Burgum La. said the state’s hospitals were full and that health care workers who Texas had tested positive but were asymptomatic would still be permitted Alaska to treat Covid-19 patients. North Dakota also reported its highest Fla. daily death toll since the pandemic began. Indiana reported on Tuesday its second-highest single-day case count, with nearly 4,900 new infections. In Maryland, where cases Hawaii Puerto Rico have increased 78 percent in the past two weeks and the seven-day average has climbed past the first-wave high in May, its governor, Larry Hogan, said that the state had reached a “critical turning point.” In New York, an early epicenter of the outbreak in the North- Sources: State and local health agencies. The map shows the share of population with a new reported case over the last week. Parts of a county with a east, Mayor Bill de Blasio is worried about a rerun. He said the population density lower than 10 people per square mile are not shaded. Data for Rhode Island is shown at the state level because county level data is infrequently reported. Data is as of Nov. 10, 2020, at 5 p.m., Eastern. city’s seven-day average of positive test results was a “warning THE NEW YORK TIMES sign” of a potential new wave. He said that the average, which was below 1 percent at the beginning of September, had increased to 2.31 percent, and that if it crossed 3 percent, public schools would have SOUTH AMERICA to shift to all online classes. Continued increases could also result in a return to business shutdowns, Mr. de Blasio added. But it is not clear where the infections are coming from. Dr. Jay Varma, a senior adviser to the mayor on public health, said that the Brazil Pauses Contentious Trial of Chinese Vaccine city could not determine the source of about 50 percent of the new cases. That number, he said, has also been growing over time. By SUI-LEE WEE It is clear that researchers are making advances on potential and ERNESTO LONDOÑO vaccines and treatments. Pfizer’s announcement on Monday that its Brazil halted a late-stage trial of vaccine was over 90 percent effective buoyed spirits with a sense a Chinese vaccine on Monday that that the virus was beatable after all. Separately, the Food and Drug had been considered a global Administration authorized emergency use of an antibody treatment front-runner in the race to develop from Eli Lilly that doctors recently gave to Chris Christie, the for- a protective shot for the coronavi- mer New Jersey governor. But the authorization came with caveats: rus after a “serious adverse” reac- Only newly infected patients are to receive it. It should be given as tion in a participant. soon as possible after a positive test, Eli Lilly said, and within 10 The decision provoked a politi- days of when symptoms appear. The F.D.A. said it should not be cal firestorm on Tuesday after given to patients who were already hospitalized. President Jair Bolsonaro, who has As for a vaccine, Alex M. Azar II, the secretary of health and been critical of China and spoken dismissively of its vaccine, Coro- human services, said on Tuesday that there would be vaccines for naVac, called the suspension a po- all Americans by the end of March or early April — if not of the drug litical victory. that Pfizer developed with BioNTech, then of one of the other vac- Instituto Butantan, the Brazil- cines now in clinical trials. Mr. Azar laid out a potential timeline for ian institute assisting with the Co- distributing the Pfizer vaccine starting in December, assuming it ronaVac trial, called the suspen- receives authorization, as is widely hoped. Doses would first go to sion unwarranted, arguing that it the highest-priority groups — perhaps health care workers or older had been triggered by the death of Americans in nursing homes and assisted-living facilities. a trial participant, but that the The cheery projections from health officials do not account for death was unrelated to the vac- potential delays in approving, manufacturing or distributing the cine. two-dose drug. The F.D.A. could take longer than expected to evalu- A police report obtained by The New York Times says the partici- ate Pfizer’s results, and complications could arise in shipping the SILVIO AVILA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES pant’s death, which occurred Oct. drug, which is supposed to be kept at about 94 degrees below zero, a Sinovac began Phase 3 trials of its drug in Brazil in August and aimed to finish by the end of the temperature well beyond the reach of standard freezers. 29, is being investigated as a suicide. A senior government official year. The study inflamed a political rivalry between Brazil’s leader and a presidential contender. Still, Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease for the State of São Paulo, which expert, said he had confidence in Pfizer and in the F.D.A. review runs Instituto Butantan, said that vaccine and two other locally Sinovac has said previously China for the pandemic, have criti- process — so much so that if the Pfizer drug was approved, he fact led health experts at the insti- made vaccines, despite having not that more than 10,000 people in cized them. would get vaccinated himself. tute to conclude that it did not yet concluded Phase 3 trials. Beijing have been injected with its Prof. Raina MacIntyre, who “These are colleagues of mine for decades, the career scien- raise red flags about the safety of Adverse effects are not unusual vaccine. Separately, it said that heads the biosecurity program at tists,” he said on MSNBC, referring to the researchers at the F.D.A. the vaccine. in Phase 3 trials. AstraZeneca and nearly all its employees — around the Kirby Institute of the Univer- who will analyze the data. “If they look at this data and they say, São Paulo state, the largest in Johnson & Johnson both paused 3,000 in total — and their families sity of New South Wales in Syd- ‘This data is solid — let’s go ahead and approve it,’ I promise you, I Brazil, is led by Gov. João Doria, a their trials after several volun- had taken it. Vaccine experts said ney, Australia, said serious side ef- will take the vaccine, and I will recommend that my family take the political rival of Mr. Bolsonaro teers fell seriously ill, resuming it was important to conclude the fects in a vaccine trial were “ex- vaccine.” who has criticized the president’s them six weeks later, in October, third and final phase of human tremely rare” but added, “We can cavalier handling of the pan- after concluding that the illnesses testing before making the drug expect to see this scenario happen demic. were not related to the vaccines. available. Phase 3 trials involve again with different vaccines. If Gustavo Mendes, the director of In a statement issued on Tues- tens of thousands of people and you’ve got 45,000 people in a trial, pharmaceuticals at Anvisa, day, Sinovac said Instituto Butan- may detect uncommon but poten- it’s quite likely that one person New Coronavirus Cases Announced Daily in U.S. Brazil’s health regulatory agency, tan had deemed the “serious tially severe side effects. will have a serious health event in As of Tuesday evening, more than 10,297,300 people across every said in an interview on Tuesday event” not related to the vaccine. The company began Phase 3 tri- that time.” state, plus Washington, D.C., and four U.S. territories, have tested that regulators have yet to con- The company said it was “confi- als in Brazil and in Indonesia in Professor MacIntyre said that positive for the virus, according to a New York Times database. clude that the volunteer’s death dent in the safety” of its vaccine. August, and in Turkey in Septem- the pause would allow a safety was unrelated to the vaccine. The Chinese vaccine study has ber, testing its vaccine in about monitoring board to investigate. New cases “It was a precautionary meas- inflamed a political rivalry be- 27,000 people. Sinovac said it had Vaccine experts have said that ure,” he said. “Unfortunately, it’s tween Mr. Bolsonaro and Mr. Do- hoped to complete the trials by the they considered data from Sino- being politicized.” He added: 100,000 ria, who is widely expected to run end of the year, but the suspension vac’s early-stage trials to be prom- “Halting a study until there is 7-day average Many cases from for president in 2022. If the vac- of the trial in Brazil could affect ising. Results from the company’s more information is what is ex- unspecified days cine is approved, it would be man- the process in other countries, po- pected of a regulatory agency.” Phase 1 trials showed no adverse ufactured by the institute. tentially derailing that timeline. CoronaVac, which is being de- effects, and Phase 2 trials showed veloped by the Chinese company Mr. Bolsonaro had voiced skep- 90 percent protection against 50,000 Sinovac, is one of 11 experimental ticism about the Chinese vaccine SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes vaccines produced by some of the previously, and on Tuesday he Covid-19. world’s foremost pharmaceutical gloated about the setback in a A volunteer died, but Seeing a company from China companies that are currently in message on Facebook. the company said it develop a vaccine first has been a Phase 3 trials. As the world grap- “This is the vaccine Doria priority for the country’s leader, Xi ples with another major wave of wanted everyone in São Paulo to was not related. Jinping. Mr. Xi has staked his per- March 1 Nov. 10 coronavirus infections, the race take,” the president wrote. “Yet sonal reputation on the effort, Note: Tuesday’s total is incomplete because some states report cases for a vaccine has intensified and another victory for Bolsonaro.” which is seen as a way to erase after press time. Data is as of Nov. 10, 2020, at 5 p.m. Eastern. been made all the more competi- Last month Mr. Bolsonaro re- some of the blame that several Sources: State and local health agencies; hospitals; C.D.C. THE NEW YORK TIMES tive by fractious geopolitics. acted angrily when he learned the The Indonesian state-owned countries have placed on China On the same day that Brazil sus- health ministry intended to buy 46 pharmaceutical company Bio for its initial missteps when the vi- pended the Sinovac trial, the million doses of the vaccine. Farma, which is conducting trials rus first emerged in the city of Wu- Word of the Year American company Pfizer an- “I ordered that it be canceled,” for Sinovac, said that it had no han last year. he said. “It appears no country in plans to cancel its trials, according Sinovac’s treatment is an inacti- Lockdown. As a pandemic-fighting measure, it was dreaded and nounced that an early analysis of its coronavirus vaccine trials sug- the world is interested in that Chi- to Iin Susanti, head of Bio Farma’s vated vaccine, meaning that it is endured by millions. As a noun, it became the word of the year on gested that its drug was more nese vaccine.” business planning and strategy made of a coronavirus that has ei- Tuesday. It was chosen by lexicographers from the Collins English than 90 percent effective in pre- Mr. Doria’s party, the Brazilian division. ther been weakened or killed by Dictionary, who called lockdowns “a unifying experience for billions venting the virus that causes Social Democracy Party, said in a The suspended Brazilian trial is chemicals. of people across the world, who have had, collectively, to play their Covid-19. statement that the race to develop a reminder of the formidable chal- Tao Lina, a vaccine expert in part in combating the spread of Covid-19.” Sinovac’s drug was seen in a vaccine “is not a political contest lenges facing Chinese vaccine Shanghai, said he believed that Collins said that by its count, the word “lockdown” had been China as a leading candidate. But and cannot be treated like one.” companies when they go abroad. the Brazilian suspension was not used more than 250,000 times in 2020 (not counting the five times in in Beijing’s push to get a Chinese It accused Mr. Bolsonaro of Few of the companies have expe- based on science but on politics. this article), compared with only 4,000 times in 2019. vaccine to be the first on the global “putting his political aspirations rience operating overseas, much “The technology of inactivated The word beat several other pandemic-related terms on Collins’s market, officials stretched the def- above anything else, showing dis- less navigating potential political vaccines is very mature, and the short list, including “coronavirus,” which Collins illustrated with a inition of “emergency use.” They regard for the lives of Brazilians.” minefields. All of them had to test possibility of this incident being figure of a man who looked a bit like Prime Minister Boris Johnson have permitted tens of thousands It is rare for a drug that has not their vaccines in places with ac- related to vaccines is very slim,” of Britain, but with a better-tamed haircut. Also on the short list of people to receive the Sinovac been fully tested to be so widely tive outbreaks because the virus said Mr. Tao, a former immunolo- were “furlough,” “self-isolate” and “social distancing.” administered, and scientists from had largely been stamped out in gist at the Shanghai Centers for Reporting was contributed by around the world have repeatedly China. Disease Control and Prevention. Manuela Andreoni, Letícia warned that the Chinese govern- In Brazil, the trials have been He said the Chinese government Casado, Elsie Chen and Muktita ment was risking the health of its politically fraught as supporters was unlikely to halt the emer- Coronavirus Update wraps up the day’s developments with infor- Suhartono. Amber Wang contrib- people before the completion of of Mr. Bolsonaro, who has down- gency-use program because “it mation from across the virus report. uted research. late-stage trials. played the threat and blamed will cause a lot of panic.” THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A5

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Tracking an Outbreak The Resurgence

PRELIMINARY RESULTS Pfizer’s Covid Vaccine: What You Need to Know As coronavirus cases surge in the United States and elsewhere, the world got good news on Monday. Pfizer and its partner, the German company, BioNTech, announced preliminary results that suggested their vaccine was more than 90 percent effective. It’s worth noting that the news is still preliminary, and there is much that is still not known about how well the vaccine works. Here’s what we know, and don’t know, about the vaccine. CARL ZIMMER and KATIE THOMAS

What did these scientists find out? While the preliminary results In July, Pfizer and BioNTech offer some compelling evidence initiated a late-stage clinical trial that the vaccine is effective, they on a coronavirus vaccine. Half of don’t tell us with certainty just the people got the vaccine, while how effective it is. Clinical trials the other half got a placebo of simply aren’t set up to do that. salt water. The companies then They can only allow scientists to waited for people to get sick to make an estimate based on sta- determine if the vaccine offered tistics — an estimate known as any protection. efficacy. The effectiveness of a So far, 94 participants out of vaccine can only be firmly deter- nearly 44,000 have gotten sick mined once millions of people get with Covid-19. An independent it. But experts say that the pre- board of experts looked at how liminary data indicates that the many of those people got the effectiveness should be very vaccine, and how many got the high. placebo. That early analysis Will it work on older people? suggests the vaccine is over 90 The new results also don’t tell us percent effective. whether older people will get PHOTOGRAPHS BY JOEL ANGEL JUAREZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES As is standard for clinical strong protection from the vac- trials, the data was “blinded,” cine. Pfizer and BioNTech’s meaning that no one except the clinical trial includes people over independent board — not the age 65, so it will eventually pro- volunteers, doctors, or the com- vide this crucial information. pany’s top executives — knows Early clinical studies have sug- how many of the 94 people sick- gested that older people produce ened by the virus got the vaccine a weaker immune response to or the placebo. Given the esti- coronavirus vaccines. But with mate that the vaccine is over 90 such strong preliminary evi- percent effective, however, we dence, it’s possible that they will can safely assume very few still get strong protection from a people who were vaccinated got vaccine. Covid-19. What about children? Is that a good result? Another open question is It is. The Food and Drug Admin- whether children will get protec- istration had set a bar of 50 per- tion from the vaccine. The trial cent efficacy for vaccine makers run by Pfizer and BioNTech who wanted to submit their initially was open to people 18 or candidates for emergency au- older, but in September they thorization. If the preliminary began including teenagers as results from Pfizer and BioNTech young as 16. Last month, they bear out — and accurately reflect launched a new trial on children how the vaccine will work in the as young as 12 and plan to work real world — then it’s far more their way to younger ages. protective than that. To get a sense of how good Was this part Operation Warp these results are, it’s worth con- Speed? Clockwise from top, medical tents outside the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in El Paso; empty streets in the neigh- sidering licensed vaccines that In July, Pfizer got a $1.95 billion borhood of El Segundo Barrio; and a resident helping to deliver food. “We do not seem to have met our peak,” an official said. people regularly receive. On the deal with the government’s Oper- low end, influenza vaccines are ation Warp Speed, the multia- 40 to 60 percent effective at best, gency effort to rush a vaccine to TEXAS because the influenza virus market, to deliver 100 million keeps evolving into new forms doses of the vaccine. The ar- year after year. By contrast, two rangement is an advance-pur- doses of the measles vaccine are chase agreement, meaning that El Paso Buckles Under Strain of Infections 97 percent effective. the company won’t get paid until they deliver the vaccines. Pfizer personal responsibility, starting fused about whether you are Paso have come, health officials Is this vaccine safe? From Page A1 did not accept federal funding to with the Trump administration closed down,” said David Jerome, said, from local community trans- So far Pfizer and BioNTech have help develop or manufacture the earlier spikes subsided, public and reinforced by Texas’ Republi- the president of the El Paso Cham- mission, especially within multi- reported no serious safety con- vaccine, unlike front-runners health experts fear that the pace can governor, Greg Abbott, has at ber of Commerce. “I’m a big fan of generational families who often cerns from their vaccine. Before Moderna and AstraZeneca. of new hospitalizations will con- times left local leaders at odds 50 experiments in democracy, but live together or come together fre- running the current large-scale Although it’s true that Pfizer tinue to rise along with new infec- over how to deal with the serial not when it comes to a pandemic.” quently to shop or visit. study, the companies ran smaller and BioNTech had been working tions, which are averaging 111,000 outbreaks. The county’s two-week lock- “We have seen multiple mem- clinical trials starting in May that on a vaccine all year before the a day nationwide and show no After shutting down in the down order, set to expire on bers of families coming in, usually were specifically designed to companies struck their deal with signs of abating. spring, Mr. Abbott was quick to Wednesday, has yet to show any on different days,” said Dr. Ed- detect warning signs about the the U.S. government in July, a States that had appeared to con- begin reopening the Texas econ- appreciable effect on hospitaliza- ward Michelson, chief of emer- vaccine’s safety. They tried out $1.95 billion deal is nevertheless trol the spread, like New Jersey omy. By the summer, as the virus tions, officials said. “We do not gency medicine at the University four versions of their vaccine and a significant incentive to keep and New York, are seeing a re- surged once again, he paused the seem to have met our peak,” Ms. Medical Center and a professor at selected the one that produced going. In fact, international surgence. At the same time, rural reopening, then clashed with local Helgesen said. the Texas Tech University Health the fewest cases of mild and health organizations have long hospitals in North Dakota and leaders in Houston and other cit- As of Tuesday, the city was aver- Sciences Center. moderate side effects, such as used such market guarantees to fever and fatigue. Idaho are desperate for doctors, ies who wanted to curtail activi- aging 1,800 new coronavirus Hector Balderrama, 55, a medi- encourage for-profit manufactur- cases a day, nearly double the If their vaccine receives an nurses and technicians to deal ties but were prevented from do- cal supply salesman, watched as ers to supply vaccines to the number in more populous Dallas emergency authorization from with fast-growing patient popula- ing so by his orders. He told Tex- his immediate family contracted developing world. County, the state’s next hardest the F.D.A. and gets distributed to tions. ans to wear face masks. In Octo- the virus in mid-October: first his hit. millions of people, the Centers What does this news mean for And the risk factors that public ber, he eased more business adult son. Then his wife. Then his Mr. Samaniego, the county ex- for Disease Control and the other vaccines? health officials have long warned restrictions. eldest daughter. ecutive, said he would like to ex- F.D.A. will monitor them to make There are 10 other vaccines now could spread the virus and strain By then, in El Paso, hospitals “It just shut us down com- hospitals in the fall and winter — tend the shutdown order, possibly sure there’s no evidence of even in late-stage trials across the were already feeling strained. pletely,” he said. His wife was hos- more indoor activities, the onset through Thanksgiving. He wor- rarer safety issues. globe. The fact that Pfizer and The top county official, Ricardo pitalized and his son, who is dia- of the flu season and gatherings ried that too few people had been betic, spent days in an intensive Participants in the trial will BioNTech have gotten encourag- over the winter holidays — have following it, and that the holiday care unit. They eventually recov- also be monitored for two years. ing results is making experts just begun. would bring new risks. optimistic about the entire field. ered. Mr. Balderrama never Who will get the new vaccine first? “Things are not only bad, “We really never deployed a caught it. “Thank God we’re here “It gives us more hope that there’s no end in sight,” said Dr. ‘We discharge one true stay-at-home,” Mr. and getting better, but we’re not Pfizer’s chief executive has said other vaccines are going to be Ashish Jha, dean of the Brown patient, and there are Samaniego said. “We never got to 100 percent.” that it could have 30 to 40 million effective too,” said Akiko Iwasaki University School of Public see the full impact.” Vast swaths of the city are doses of the vaccine before the of Yale University. Health. “If we stop all transmis- two that come in.’ The governor’s office said the eerily empty, with indoor shop- end of the year, enough for 15 to Pfizer and BioNTech are test- sion today, which we can’t and focus for Mr. Samaniego and other ping malls surrounded by deso- 20 million people to get an initial ing a vaccine that uses a genetic shot and a booster three weeks won’t, we are looking at probably local officials should be on en- late parking lots. The afternoon molecule called RNA to cause later. a month of overcapacity in lots of forcement of existing regulations, wind whips through deserted our own cells to make a viral A. Samaniego, issued a stay-at- including restaurant capacity lim- communities in America.” downtown streets, tossing plastic Exactly who will qualify for protein. Our immune systems home order and strict new limits its and mask requirements, not Texas recently surpassed one bags like tumbleweeds in a spa- the initial doses has not been encounter the protein and make on businesses on Oct. 29. But May- closures. “That strategy was ef- million confirmed cases of the vi- ghetti western with few actors. decided, but groups that are at antibodies and immune cells that or Margo did not believe that Mr. fective in slowing the spread over higher risk for infection, or are rus, with 19,000 dead. Of the 6,100 Adriana Salas, 48, kept her can recognize the protein quickly Samaniego had the authority to do the summer and containing more vulnerable to the virus, are patients hospitalized across the small clothing store open despite and deliver a swift attack. Mod- so, and initially opposed it. While Covid-19, while allowing busi- likely to get priority. That could state, one out of every six are in El the small number of customers erna is in late-stage trials with an local county constables tried to nesses to safely operate,” said Re- include health care workers as Paso. Dr. Mario Rascon, the chief and new restrictions. “I’m very RNA vaccine of its own, and enforce the lockdown, the much nae Eze, a spokeswoman for the well as older adults and those early clinical trials on other RNA medical examiner for El Paso late with the rent,” she said. “I larger El Paso Police Department governor. who have risk factors like obesity vaccines are underway in China, County, said Tuesday that his of- came to open because I needed said it would not. Like the country as a whole, El or diabetes. England, India, Singapore, South fice had 154 bodies. “It’s exhaust- money.” “Huge, huge confusion,” said Paso has now entered into an un- Pfizer and BioNTech say they Korea, and Thailand. ing,” he said. What activity continued in the Laura Rayborn, who owns a spa certain period. Officials are hope- could ramp up to 1.3 billion doses But the news from Pfizer and The city has brought in more city could be found at big-box and other local businesses. “The ful that enough people are now fol- a year. BioNTech could be heartening to than 1,400 health care workers stores along Interstate 10, in mayor went on the radio and on lowing the lockdown order to slow other vaccine developers as well. from around the state, and about snaking lines of cars at drive- TV and said, ‘Stay open.’” Ms. the spread of infections. The po- When will the general public be Pfizer and BioNTech’s vaccine 60 more arrived over the weekend Rayborn decided to do so. lice have begun ticketing busi- through restaurants or by people able to get it? causes our bodies to make a viral in three teams sent by the Defense Restaurants kept serving, de- nesses that do not comply. trying to find some space to be Pfizer has said that it will likely protein called a spike. A number Department. But new patients spite the order to stop all but take- On Monday, city officers riding outside at a mostly quiet outdoor apply for emergency authoriza- of other vaccines deliver the have strained even those addi- out and delivery. “We decided to thick-tired Segue vehicles and mall. tion in the third week of Novem- spike protein into the body, or tional resources. Half of all patient do what we had to,” said Aaron sheriffs in patrols cars could be “We were all sick,” Xavier Gon- ber, after it collects the two just a fragment of it, that triggers beds in the city are now taken up Means, who owns a restaurant seen cruising a mostly empty zales, 45, said of his wife and his months of safety data that the the immune system to recognize by those with Covid-19. near the campus of the University shopping district and visiting 6-year-old son, who at that mo- F.D.A. has asked manufacturers it. Still other vaccines are based “Things are not good,” Mayor of Texas at El Paso. businesses near the border with ment was running with the family to submit. Then, the agency will on other viruses, which harm- Dee Margo said. But he said he Some went to court to fight the the Mexican city of Ciudad Juárez. dog on a patch of artificial turf. consult with an outside advisory lessly deliver a gene for the spike also worried about the impact of lockdown and were joined by the Some officials and residents Mr. Gonzales, a singer who has committee of experts, and may protein into cells. If the spike new shutdowns on families strug- conservative state attorney gen- blamed trips to Juárez for the been mostly without work since take weeks to pore over detailed protein prompts a strong protec- gling to survive. “I’m trying to eral, Ken Paxton, who described spread of infections in El Paso, March, got it the worst — “I could- data about the vaccine’s safety, tion to the coronavirus, then all walk that tightrope.” the county’s action as “oppres- even as cross-border travel has n’t get up anymore” — and was effectiveness, and the compa- of these vaccines might also The situation reflects the sion” and vowed to end it. After a been limited almost entirely to told by emergency room doctors nies’ ability to safely manufac- deliver encouraging results in broader difficulty of trying to bat- week of back-and-forth among American citizens. The two cities that he had viral pneumonia. But ture millions of doses. the months to come. tle a national crisis in the absence three levels of Texas government, have long formed one hub of com- because he could breathe on his The vaccine could be autho- of a national strategy. In El Paso, a state court on Friday ruled in fa- merce in the mountainous desert. own, he was sent home to recover rized for certain high-risk popu- Can we stop wearing masks now? an urban island in remote West vor of the new restrictions on busi- That has continued during the to make room for other, more seri- lations before the end of the year, Please don’t. Texas between borders with Mex- nesses. Mr. Paxton is appealing. pandemic, officials said, as Juárez ously ill patients. but that would only happen if “This will not replace hygienic ico and New Mexico, that absence By that point, frustration and has seen its hospital infrastruc- He did not look to Mexico, as everything goes as planned and measures — it will be an adjunct has been acutely felt. confusion had spread widely, ture buckle under the strain of its some Texans have, for the source there are no unforeseen delays. to hygienic measures,” said Dr. A pandemic response philoso- dampening any immediate bene- own serious outbreak. The scope of El Paso’s pandemic problems. Paul Offit, a professor at the phy focused on local control and fits from the business closures of the pandemic in Juárez is not “I think that’s an excuse for peo- What is left to do in the trial? University of Pennsylvania and a and all but ensuring that a longer known because of inadequate ple who are looking to blame The trial will continue until it member of the F.D.A.’s vaccine Neil MacFarquhar contributed re- shutdown would be necessary. testing, but even the mayor has someone; it’s not us, it’s them,” he reaches 164 cases of Covid-19. At advisory panel. “You owe it to porting from New York, and Mike “One thing almost worse than been hospitalized with the virus. said. “But it is us. It’s us not follow- that point, the study will be com- others to make sure you wear a Baker from Seattle. being closed down is being con- The majority of infections in El ing the rules.” plete and the results analyzed. mask.” THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A7

Tracking an Outbreak Medical Billing

JOSHUA BRIGHT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Dr. Steven Murphy at a drive-through Covid-19 testing site in Darien, Conn. Some residents say the doctor took advantage of them with “super Covid tests” and costly follow-up phone calls.

A CONNECTICUT DOCTOR How One Patient’s Fees for Being Tested Ended Up $1,944

By SARAH KLIFF so with little oversight from town A scarcity of tests, and test at a higher rate, often paying Other plans are denying the Ms. Sussman’s complaint to a Rebecca Sussman got a co- officials, who had advertised his an enticing offer six times what they would for a large fees or requesting more town official about the high fees services widely. regular coronavirus test, accord- was forwarded to Dr. Murphy, ronavirus test because town information. Dr. Murphy has In health care, this type of City officials were eager to ing to data provided by the non- sued one large health plan, who seemed to bristle at her officials in Bedford, N.Y., encour- billing is often described as up- work with Dr. Murphy when he profit Health Care Cost Institute. Cigna, over denied coronavirus suggestion that the price was aged her to. coding, using codes that net high offered to set up coronavirus Dr. Murphy said he reserved test claims. When The Times inappropriate. “If you haven’t gotten your test reimbursements but aren’t war- testing sites in early spring. the larger panel test for symp- first contacted Dr. Murphy, he “What would be acceptable as yet, please do so for yourself, ranted for the medical care deliv- There was no national testing tomatic patients or those who responded with a photograph of payment, Ms. Sussman, to put your family and our community,” ered. infrastructure, and cities, hospi- needed a quick turnaround on what he said was a large box of your life at risk daily with expo- Chris Burdick, the town supervi- “What it appears is happening tals and doctor’s offices were their results. But in interviews, insurer denials. sure to a virus seven days a sor, said in an email. More tests is he is billing every code he can scrambling to build testing ca- asymptomatic patients said they “About 4,000 denials or re- week?” he wrote in an email. “In would mean a lower positivity get reimbursed,” said Susan Null, pacity on their own. had also received the more ex- quests,” he wrote. “Uncompen- snow? In lightning? In rain? In rate, he said, and a faster path to a medical billing expert who New York City’s northern pensive test. sated at a cost of millions!" oppressive heat?” reopening. He directed residents reviewed patient billing docu- suburbs were especially desper- Mary Farley, 69, got a test at Dr. Murphy said that it was Elected officials in multiple to the town’s new testing site, ments from Dr. Murphy’s prac- ate. Westchester County experi- one of Dr. Murphy’s sites be- inappropriate to test patients cities have received complaints situated on an empty parking lot tices for The New York Times. enced one of the country’s earli- cause she wanted to contribute only for coronavirus, as other from residents about Dr. Mur- at the train station. Patients tested at privately est outbreaks, a cluster centered to epidemiological data in her diseases could be missed. phy’s billing practices. Some shut Ms. Sussman, 51, took her owned emergency rooms have in a synagogue in New Rochelle. area, she said. She had no symp- “Just testing for coronavirus is down the testing sites as re- whole family to get tested, and faced similarly high bills. Many Dr. Murphy offered to provide toms or any known contact with one of the most dangerous things sources became available else- the results came back negative. of those tested by Dr. Murphy thousands of tests, something a positive case. you could do,” he said. “It is where. Then the paperwork came: were shocked that testing sites other doctors and hospitals could Medicare paid $583 for Ms. crystal clear that mentality is “It raised enough concerns $6,816 had been charged to insur- created by their cities and towns not match. Farley’s drive-through test, in bad for public health.” that we felt like it was simpler to ance for four coronavirus tests. “He reached out to me, then would involve such high fees. part because of the large panel When Ms. Farley emailed to move in a different direction,” we realized he was doing work in Ms. Sussman’s fees alone were Dr. Murphy estimates he has test. Medicare typically pays inquire about her bill, Dr. Mur- said Mr. Elicker, the New Haven other towns, ” said Justin Elicker, $1,944. tested at least 60,000 patients for only between $51.31 and $100 for phy’s staff described the larger mayor. the mayor of New Haven, Conn., She started looking through coronavirus. He defends his a coronavirus test. panel test as “a super Covid Others say it’s not their place which started a testing site with the itemized costs. One insur- billing methods, and says he has “There is a lot broken with the test.” to regulate Dr. Murphy’s billing Dr. Murphy in April. “We called ance claim showed that she had brought an important service to health system, and I think this is practices. them for references and they “Dr. Murphy is a very thor- been tested for a dozen respira- the communities he serves. a blatant example of that,” Ms. were all quite pleased.” ough doctor,” a staff member “We’re not policing this from a tory diseases. She found that “I jumped on this,” he said. “I Farley said. “A lot of people are Cities and towns gave Dr. wrote, adding that everyone “is billing perspective,” said David odd; the town emails advertised decided, let’s work up these worried about taxes going up, Murphy free access to public tested not only for Covid but also Knauf, health director for the city only a coronavirus test. There patients. Let’s care for them in and these charges are a hidden property and rented tents on his for any other virus that may be of Darien, Conn. “That is some- was also a surprise $480 charge the drive-through.” tax on all of us.” behalf. One city provided inter- active.” The email was obtained body else’s responsibility and not for a short phone call relaying The Times has been asking Dr. Murphy also billed patients by a public records request filed ours.” her results. readers to submit their bills so net hot spots. Bedford, where Ms. Sussman lives, recruited hundreds of dollars for a short by Sammy Sussman, Ms. Suss- The testing site in Bedford “That’s when I realized some- that we can understand the costs call to deliver results. man’s son, a student journalist closed in mid-July, shortly after thing was wrong,” Ms. Sussman of coronavirus testing and treat- volunteers to assist Dr. Murphy with his work and arranged for Ms. Farley recalled making who wrote about his test fees on Sammy Sussman’s article on his said. “When in the history of ment. The collection of more repeated phone calls to Dr. Mur- Medium. testing bill was published. medical appointments does it than 400 bills has revealed that residents to donate lunches. Dr. Murphy committed to not phy’s office to obtain her results. Medical experts said Dr. Mur- Mr. Burdick, the town supervi- ever cost to get a phone call some coronavirus patients face “It was a 30-second phone call phy’s testing and billing prac- sor who had directed city resi- giving you your test results?” overwhelming medical debt and billing patients directly but retained control over how he would after I spent almost two weeks tices were out of line with cur- dents to the site, said the deci- The bills didn’t come from the that, across the country, many trying to get someone on the rent standards. sion to close did not have to do Americans face illegal fees for examine patients and what he town. They came from Dr. Steven phone,” she said. “Then to find Offering one large panel when with Dr. Murphy’s billing prac- their tests. would charge health insurers. Murphy, an internist from Green- out they were charging $340 for looking for the virus “is unusual tices. Rather, the site was on a Dr. Murphy has generated Billing documents show that wich, Conn., whom Bedford had that, it felt like there was no end and, in my opinion, inappropri- commuter parking lot, and a more submissions to the Times Dr. Murphy did not test patients selected to run its testing site. to it.” ate,” said Dr. Alexander McAd- more typical number of commut- database than any other individ- just for coronavirus. He routinely Ms. Sussman and 10 other am, director of the infectious ers to New York was expected to ual provider, often from patients billed insurers for a large panel patients contend that Dr. Murphy disease laboratories at Boston return soon. concerned that his high fees test for at least 20 respiratory An ‘unusual and used this public testing site and Children’s Hospital. “That panel “As other testing facilities would raise health premiums. pathogens, including rhinovirus inappropriate’ approach others nearby to run unneces- and enterovirus. should only be used for the criti- opened, the need no longer was sary and expensive tests. He did “Just because I have a zero- One large national health plan Some health insurers are cally ill or immuno-compro- present,” he wrote in an email. dollar co-pay, it doesn’t meant said it received over 1,000 claims paying a large share of Dr. Mur- mised, so we don’t over-test and Dr. Murphy’s website still that, in the long run, I don’t pay from Dr. Murphy for the large phy’s billed charges. Ms. Suss- generate too large of a bill for our advertises six testing sites: four for this,” Ms. Sussman said. “My panel test this spring. It received man’s health plan, Anthem Blue patients.” in Connecticut and two in New The Upshot provides news, analysis husband works for a company fewer than a dozen claims from Cross, paid more than $5,000 for Dr. McAdam also said a “super York. For those awaiting test and graphics about politics, policy with amazing benefits, but every him for stand-alone coronavirus the family’s tests. Medicare Covid test” does not exist, nor results, his site says: “Daily and everyday life. year our premiums go up. This is tests in the same period. Insur- appears to regularly reimburse would he describe a large respi- telehealth visits recommended nytimes.com/upshot part of that.” ers typically reimburse the panel Mr. Murphy’s claims, too. ratory panel as such. for your health.”

JEENAH MOON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES JOHN MUGGENBORG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES ‘My husband works for a company with amazing benefits, but every year ‘A lot of people are worried about taxes going up, and these charges are a our premiums go up. This is part of that.’ REBECCA SUSSMAN hidden tax on all of us.’ MARY FARLEY A8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Tracking an Outbreak Altered Lives and Research

IMMUNITY IN CHILDREN FAMILY, INTERRUPTED They Have Antibodies, but Never Had Sickness

By GINA KOLATA It’s been a big puzzle of the pandemic: Why are children so much less likely than adults to become infected with the new coronavirus and, if infected, less likely to become ill? A possible reason may be that many children already have antibodies to other coronaviruses, according to researchers at the Francis Crick Institute in London. About one in five of the colds that plague children are caused by viruses in this family. Antibodies to those viruses may also block SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus causing the pandemic. In a study published Friday in Science, the group, led by George Kassiotis, who heads the Retrovi- ral Immunology Laboratory at the MOHAMED SADEK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES institute, reports that on average James Goodrich, left, and Jason Kramer of Talent, Ore., lost only 5 percent of adults had these their jobs in April, then their home to wildfires months later. antibodies, but 43 percent of children did. Researchers who did not par- ‘Wow, What Else ticipate in the study were intrigued by the finding. H. Ben- jamin Larman, an immunologist Can Happen to Us at Johns Hopkins School of Medi- cine, called it a “well-done study KIRSTY WIGGLESWORTH/ASSOCIATED PRESS that puts forward a compelling Children may carry antibodies effective against the coronavirus after infections with other viruses. This Year?’ theory which is supported by their data.” siotis and his colleagues studied. again. cell formation,” he said. Stephen J. Elledge, a genetics After examining blood taken Then why do we have a pan- Another possibility is that most By DAN LEVIN professor at Harvard Medical from 190 people before the pandemic? Shouldn’t most of us be adults actually are protected by School and Brigham and Women’s So much loss, all at once. James Goodrich and his husband, demic emerged, Dr. Elledge and protected by memory cells left by memory cells from previous infec- Hospital, had a similar response. Jason Kramer, both 44, moved to Talent, Ore., almost two years his colleagues concluded that other coronavirus infections? tions with the common cold. Al- He and others have found many many already had antibodies, in- “It is quite possible that you lose though few have enough antibod- ago to work in the costume department of the Oregon Shake- people have antibodies to com- cluding the one targeting the base your memory over time,” Dr. ies in their blood to protect them speare Festival. Together for 17 years and married for six, they mon colds caused by other co- of the spike — presumably from Elledge said. He suspects that the at any given time, they may be lost their jobs in April when the coronavirus pandemic shuttered ronaviruses; in laboratory stud- infections with related coronavi- new coronavirus may interfere able to quickly make antibodies to theaters and live performances. The couple were relying on ies, these antibodies also block the ruses that cause colds. with the activation of the memory lessen the impact of the new co- new coronavirus. savings and a small side business when, five months later, the But while adults might get one cells able to respond to the infec- ronavirus. In March, as the pandemic was Almeda wildfire destroyed their home and much of their town. or two colds a year, Dr. Elledge tion. That might explain why many just beginning, Dr. Kassiotis and said, children may get up to a doz- An infection “might give you a adults who are infected recover his colleagues decided to develop en. As a result, many develop hazy memory that fades over quickly. a highly sensitive antibody test. floods of coronavirus antibodies time,” he said. If so, a very recent “We focus on those who get re- To assess it, they examined blood that are present almost contin- infection with a common cold co- ally sick, but 95 to 98 percent of JASON: We lost our jobs on started dating, and some of samples taken before the pan- uously; they may lessen cold ronavirus would be needed to pro- those who get the virus don’t have the same day and were both his marching band medals. demic from over 300 adults and 48 symptoms, or even leave children tect against the new coronavirus, to go to the hospital,” Dr. Elledge children and adolescents, com- with colds that are symptomless and even then the protection said. “There are a lot of people home because of the pan- That was the last thing we paring them with samples from demic shutdown. I went into ended up packing. but still infectious. might last only for a limited time. who do get better.” more than 170 people who had While adults may not have de- The new coronavirus would That happened to Dr. Larman a depression. I couldn’t get been infected with the new co- tectable coronavirus antibodies, have hobbled the production of and his family of five. Four of them JAMES: Honestly, we were out of bed. I felt like we ronavirus. many may be able to quickly make antibodies that specifically attack got sick with Covid-19, the illness changed our entire lives to just focusing on the moment. The scientists expected sam- antibodies if they are infected it. That might explain why chil- caused by the new coronavirus, in move to Oregon from Cali- But now it’s like, wow, what ples taken before the pandemic to with a coronavirus. dren, with their seemingly contin- July. None were seriously ill, and fornia for nothing. It was else can happen to us this have no antibodies that attacked In typical viral infections, the uous colds, are much better off his 4-year-old son was spared al- the new coronavirus. Those were like a horrible breakup, like year? immune system pours out anti- than adults. together. to be the controls for the test the bodies to fight the virus. When the Dr. Elledge said that if he is “My son was not isolated from a death. I just didn’t know scientists were developing. JASON: We fled the fire and infection is quelled, the antibod- right about the loss of memory us and therefore heavily ex- how to cope, and I wasn’t Instead, they found that many slept in our car that night. ies, no longer needed, diminish in cells, that bodes well for vaccines. posed,” Dr. Larman said. “He sure what our future was. children, and some adults, carried number. But the body is left with A vaccine boosts antibody produc- tested negative twice, and so we Our conversation for proba- one antibody in particular that so-called memory cells that allow tion without the presence of a vi- certainly suspect that he had JAMES: My coping mecha- bly the last month has been, can prevent coronaviruses, in- antibody production to soar rap- rus. So the virus “is not in the some form of pre-existing immu- nism was to solve all the “Where do we go?” But we cluding the new one, from enter- idly if the virus tries to invade background, messing up memory nity.” ing cells. This antibody attaches problems so he didn’t have love where we live. The Oregon Shakespeare Festival itself to a spike that pokes out of to worry so much. We made coronaviruses. offered to lease us an apart- plans, like, Jason likes to go While the tip of the spike is food shopping, so he is the ment they found through unique to the new coronavirus, only person who left the January at a reduced rate, so the base is found in all coronavi- house and I stayed in the we’re going to do that. We ruses, Dr. Kassiotis said. In lab house all the time. I didn’t had renters’ insurance on the tests, antibodies to the base of the spike prevented the new corona- see another human being house, so we have to catalog virus from entering cells in order other than my husband, every single item that was in our home from memory so to reproduce. because we wanted to be Now the researchers are plan- that we can be reimbursed. super safe. ning to expand their study to mon- We know we had about 15 itor thousands of children and JASON: The pandemic made spatulas. So like, do I have to adults. Some have antibodies that us more resilient. We real- remember each one? How can block the new coronavirus in ized we had each other and much would it cost? Maybe lab tests. Others do not. “If they have the pandemic needed to rely on ourselves, in the future we’ll simplify strain, are they protected?” Dr. which was really kind of our lives and have fewer spatulas. It is heartbreaking Kassiotis asked. Will they get sick, daunting. Between Covid he wondered, or will the infection and the fire, we started to though, because we have to be all but undetectable? slowly make our own new think about each and every Dr. Elledge and his colleagues normal by giving ourselves room and what each room at Harvard developed their own a daily schedule. And we had in it and what was on the highly specific, sensitive and ex- haustive antibody test, VirScan. It hadn’t done that before wall, all the things we gath- is able to detect a diverse col- because we didn’t have to ered in the life we built together as a family. We had a lection of antibodies with that are before. We had jobs, and we directed at any of more than 800 huge book collection and so came home and had dinner places on the new coronavirus, in- DOMINIC LIPINSKI/PRESS ASSOCIATION, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS and watched TV. many Christmas ornaments. cluding the antibody that Dr. Kas- A London school in September. Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute studied the virus in children. On the day of the fire, They’re all gone. It’s hard to James told me to come look think about that. out the window and he JAMES: I spend a lot of time CAPACITY LIMITS pointed to the smoke that figuring out what’s the next was coming up over the step. We were at one point horizon. We grabbed some going to live with Jason’s suitcases. We grabbed our Cellphone Data Links Early Infections to Indoor Crowds parents. So we went down passports, our marriage there for a week, and we By BENEDICT CAREY havior. The new analysis provides These measures are especially footage. Given a background in- license and some personal realized that’s actually not a Restaurants, gyms, cafes and more precise estimates for how important in lower income areas, fection rate, the researchers then things. So maybe 45 minutes great option for us. They’re other crowded indoor venues ac- much each kind of venue contrib- the new study suggests. Infec- ran the model forward — “hit later, we heard the helicop- in their 70s, so we don’t want counted for some 8 in 10 new infec- uted to urban outbreaks, by track- tions exploded in many such com- play,” said Dr. Chang, and watched ters. ing hourly movements and taking munities last spring, and the new how infections spread and where, to put them at risk if we tions in the early months of the into account the reductions in mo- model provides one likely expla- using standard infectious disease somehow bring Covid into U.S. coronavirus epidemic, ac- JAMES: I went outside, and a cording to a new analysis that bility from lockdown restrictions nation: Local venues tend to be assumptions. the house. helicopter flew by and could help officials around the or other changes that occurred more crowded than elsewhere. The estimates lined up well during those first crucial months. opened the water bucket the world now considering curfews, The researchers looked closely with what actually happened in JASON: It has been trial and partial lockdowns and other It did not model infection in at grocery stores, to understand those cities — a crucial reality next block over. There was schools or office workplaces. error on how to live life measures in response to renewed differences between high and low check, since from March 1 to May black smoke directly over “Restaurants were by far the almost every day. If Covid outbreaks. income communities. In eight of 2, communities’ behavior our house, and all of our riskiest places, about four times hadn’t happened and we had The study, which used cell- the ten cities, transmission rates changed drastically, because of riskier than gyms and coffee neighbors were packing. this fire, we would have a phone mobility data from 10 U.S. were twice as high in low as in stay-at-home orders. That’s when we said we shops, followed by hotels” in higher income areas. The mobility In Chicago, for instance, new in- safe place to go, and there cities from March to May, also pro- terms of new infections, said Jure need to get out of here, so data pointed at one reason: Gro- fections occurring at just 10 per- wouldn’t be as many compli- vides an explanation for why Leskovec, a computer scientist at cers in low-income neighborhoods cent of indoor venues accounted we put our dog in the car many low-income neighborhoods Stanford University and senior cations. But Covid has com- had almost 60 percent more peo- for 85 percent of the predicted in- and left. were hardest hit. The public ven- author of the new report, in a con- plicated it. We can’t interact ple per square foot; shoppers fections. Reopening just full-serv- ues in those communities were ference call with reporters. The with my parents. We can’t tended to stay there longer as ice restaurants, the analysis JASON: Unfortunately we more crowded than in more afflu- study was a collaboration be- hug or be near people as ent ones, and residents were more well. found, would have resulted in an left behind a photo album tween scientists at Stanford, much. Covid is making it mobile on average, likely because And residents are apparently additional 600,000 new infections that my mom had made me Northwestern University, Micro- difficult to move on. of work demands, the authors said less able to shelter at home. by the end of May. with pictures of grandpar- soft Research and the Chan Going through Covid to- in the research published in the Zuckerberg Biohub. “We think a big reason for that By focusing on indoor public ents and pictures of me as a gether and having to survive journal Nature on Tuesday. Public officials across Europe is that essential workers had to be venues, the researchers could also on the job, they weren’t working model the impact of partial re- baby and all through high this fire has given us more The data came from the metro and in parts of the United States, areas of Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, from home,” said Serina Chang, a strictions. Limiting restaurant oc- school. But I took a box with license to be honest and open including Gov. Phil Murphy of Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Jersey, have begun to insti- co-author also at Stanford. cupancy to one-fifth of capacity, photos of James from high with one another. We’re more school and us when we New York, Philadelphia, San tute partial closures of restau- In the analysis, the research for example, would reduce new in- forgiving of one another Francisco and Washington D.C. rants and bars, or limited indoor team mapped the hourly mobility fections there by 80 percent, while when there’s a mistake. I Infectious disease models had of some 98 million people to and preserving some 60 percent of The coronavirus pandemic has hours, as new infections have may forget something at the from indoor public spaces, like customers. upended the lives of many provided similar estimates of the surged in recent weeks. In New grocery stores, churches, hotels “These are important trade- American families. Follow this store but, honestly, our house risk posed by crowded indoor York City, a spike in virus cases weekly feature called “Family, is burned down. There are spaces, going back to February; threatens the city’s recovery and and bars. It calculated the traffic offs,” Dr. Leskovec said. “Our Interrupted” to find out how. bigger fish to fry. all such models are subject to un- could mean “a lot more restric- to each venue over the course of a work highlights that it does not certainties, due largely to unfore- tions,” Mayor Bill de Blasio said on day, how long people stayed on av- have to be all or nothing,” when seen changes in community be- Monday. erage, and the place’s square implementing restrictions. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 A9

Region Shifts After Brokered Peace in Nagorno-Karabakh War

Azerbaijan Gains Over Armenia

By ANTON TROIANOVSKI MOSCOW — Russian peacekeeping forces were deployed to an ethnic Arme- nian territory in the Caucasus Moun- tains on Tuesday, cementing Azerbaijani gains in a brutal, six-week-long war that reordered the geopolitics of a volatile region. There was jubilation in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, and sorrow and anger in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. More than 1,300 soldiers had died on the Arme- nian side of the conflict alone since late September, when a quarter-century of tensions over the disputed area, Nagor- no-Karabakh, exploded into open warfare. Azerbaijan emerged largely successful in retaking territory that belonged to Baku under international law but had been de facto controlled by Armenia since the two countries’ previous war, in the early 1990s. Late Monday night, President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia announced that the two sides had agreed to stop the fighting in a deal that ceded more land to Azerbaijan but retained Ar- menian control over some of the territory, including the capital, Nagorno-Ka- rabakh. “We have once again proved that we have invincible soldiers, officers and generals who are ready to sacrifice their lives for the defense of our holy mother- land without a second thought,” Arme- nia’s Defense Ministry said in a statement. “But it is time to stop the blood- shed.” AYDIN MAMMEDOV/ASSOCIATED PRESS Russian television footage showed Azerbaijanis celebrating on Tuesday in Ganja, Azerbaijan’s second largest city, Russian troops driving toward Nagorno- Karabakh, underscoring Mr. Putin’s geo- near the border with Armenia. Russian peacekeeping troops, left, moved into political win for brokering peace be- Nagorno-Karabakh after a peace deal was announced late Monday. tween two countries that used to be part of the Soviet Union. But behind the day’s part of a national and ethnic identity for tions along the front line had been sus- drama lay the growing regional power of Armenians worldwide. The loss of that pended and that Russian peacekeepers Turkey, which staunchly backed Azer- territory on Tuesday was already taking were being deployed. In Azerbaijan, Mr. baijan in the conflict and also celebrated a place in the annals of tragedy in Arme- Aliyev described the agreement as one of on Tuesday. nian history, alongside the slaughter and his country’s greatest triumphs. Mr. Putin has spoken with President expulsion of Armenians from Turkey a “We are proud of our people, of our Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey at least century ago in what most neutral histori- Armed Forces!” Mr. Aliyev said in a Twit- four times since the start of the war on ans call the century’s first genocide. ter posting on Tuesday. “For our people, Sept. 27, most recently on Tuesday. Mev- “The trauma of victimization has re- these days are the happiest ones.” lut Cavusoglu, Turkey’s foreign minister, turned,” said Richard Giragosian, direc- The end of the war suggests a sweep- hailed the peace agreement as “a great tor of the Regional Studies Center in Ye- ing redrawing of the security map of the success and victory for Azerbaijan.” revan. “There’s a sense that the world southern Caucasus, a volatile region Under the agreement, some 1,960 and the West have abandoned us.” wedged between Turkey, Russia and armed Russian service members and 90 Azerbaijan launched an offensive on Iran. The settlement sealed a role in the armored vehicles will deploy for at least Sept. 27 to retake Nagorno-Karabakh region for an increasingly assertive Tur- five years to guard the line of contact be- and surrounding, previously Azerbai- key. tween Armenian and Azerbaijani forces jani-populated regions, which are all part Russia’s leading role in stopping the in the region and along the road connect- FRANCESCO BREMBATI/REUTERS of Azerbaijan under international law fighting also shows that Moscow contin- ing Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Kara- but have been controlled by Armenia ues to be the most influential player in bakh to Armenia. Azerbaijan retained Mr. Shiriyev said he was awakened book on Tuesday morning that he was in since the 1990s war. Azerbaijan lost the the southern Caucasus. Some Armeni- control of the hilltop town of Shusha, a just after 3 a.m. Tuesday by the din of cel- Armenia and continued to work as prime war a quarter-century ago, but in recent ans had hoped for a more forceful Rus- place of historic and strategic signifi- ebrations in the streets. He said people minister. The country’s leadership strug- weeks, Azerbaijan’s firepower has sian role in the war, since the two coun- cance to both countries, which it cap- waved the flags of Azerbaijan, Turkey gled to convince the public that it had no proved superior, with the country’s oil tries have a mutual-defense treaty. tured in recent days. and even Israel — a country that sold choice but to stop the fighting now, be- wealth funding a fleet of drones and But according to Mr. Hakobyan, the But there were many unknowns about Azerbaijan some of the high-tech drones cause Armenia had suffered steep losses other modern weaponry. Armenian journalist, it was Russia’s de- the future of the region, including the that tilted the balance in Baku’s favor. of life and territory. Tatul Hakobyan, an Armenian journal- cision to send peacekeepers that spared peacekeepers’ precise role and how soon Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, also “I made this decision after the army ist who has covered the region for more Armenians from having more of Nagor- Azerbaijanis will resettle the recaptured erupted, but with the yelling of demon- kept insisting for a long time on the need than 30 years, said small-arms fire was no-Karabakh — including Stepanakert areas. The early 1990s war displaced a strators furious that Nikol Pashinyan, to take such a step,” Mr. Pashinyan said audible from the capital of Nagorno-Ka- — fall under Azerbaijani control. million people, most of them Azerbaija- Armenia’s prime minister, had signed in a live broadcast on Facebook Tuesday, rabakh, Stepanakert, on Sunday, indicat- “Smart and sober Armenians under- nis, and pressure from those forced to the agreement ceding Armenian land. according to Russia’s Interfax news ing that Azerbaijani forces were closing stand that the Russians intervened and flee their homes was among the factors Bellowing “Where is Nikol? Where is agency. “The army said that it is neces- in. The mounting losses appeared to in a way saved Karabakh proper,” Mr. pushing President Ilham Aliyev of Azer- that traitor?” some protesters stormed sary to stop, that there are certain prob- pressure Armenia into accepting Azer- Hakobyan said. baijan to retake the territory by force. Mr. Pashinyan’s residence. They also lems and they either do not see the baijan’s territorial gains in order to stop “We proceed from the assumption that “This brings Baku what it long failed to broke into the Parliament and beat its prospects to solve them or the resources the fighting. the agreements reached will create the attain through negotiation,” Zaur speaker, Ararat Mirzoyan, who required for their resolution have been ex- “We lost the war, and this is the tragic necessary conditions for a lasting and Shiriyev, the South Caucasus analyst for surgery. hausted.” reality which we should accept,” Mr. full-scale settlement of the crisis over the International Crisis Group, said in a Opposition politicians called for Mr. There was also pain: The lush moun- Hakobyan said in a telephone interview. Nagorno-Karabakh on a fair basis and in phone interview from the Azerbaijani Pashinyan’s resignation, and amid the tains of Nagorno-Karabakh, known to Armenia’s Defense Ministry said the interests of the people of Armenia capital. tumult, Mr. Pashinyan posted on Face- Armenians as Artsakh, had long been Tuesday morning that combat opera- and Azerbaijan,” Mr. Putin said.

from “Chile and other parts of the Pacific Ocean,” that was only nat- Voter Fraud Scandalizes ural for such a freewheeling crea- ture. Responding to an earlier claim New Zealand Bird Poll by a supporter of a rival bird who had insinuated fraud (without of- By MIKE IVES which are threatened or at risk of fering evidence) and wildly exag- The voter fraud, perpetrated on extinction. gerated the vote count, @Vote- Monday in New Zealand, was real. “It’s a chance for people to get Toroa wrote, “These are TO- And the contenders were, er, fowl. to know our native birds so that TALLY legal and VALID ballots.” As the citizens slept, a hacker they will love them and they’ll The kiwi pukupuku scandal is slipped more than 1,500 fake votes want to protect them,” Ms. Keown not the first case of bird-related into an election database, sending said. voter fraud in New Zealand. one flightless bird to the top. As the voting commenced, Yvan In 2015, two 15-year-old girls The scandal has roiled Bird of Richard, a data scientist at Drag- created fake email addresses and the Year 2020, an online popular- onfly, a consultancy in New used them to cast fraudulent votes ity contest among the native birds Zealand’s capital, Wellington, that for the kokako, which has a “min- of New Zealand, and made head- had volunteered to monitor the imalist, operatic five-note song.” lines in the remote Pacific Island vote, spotted something suspi- And in 2017, Mr. Richard, of the nation, which takes its avian bio- cious. Dragonfly consultancy, spotted a diversity seriously. He discovered that someone suspicious midnight spike in votes “It’s kind of disappointing that had slipped a huge amount of for the matuku moana, or white- people decide to try their little votes in favor of the kiwi faced heron. tech tricks on Bird of the Year,” pukupuku, or little spotted kiwi. It A similar bird-popularity con- Laura Keown, the spokeswoman is one of five species of kiwi bird, test in Australia was rocked last for the competition, told Radio New Zealand’s national icon. It is year when its sponsor, The Guard- New Zealand on Tuesday. “I’m not flightless — a common avian trait ian newspaper, detected auto- sure what kind of person could do in a country without native, land- HANNAH PETERS/GETTY IMAGES mated voting for the rainbow lori- it, but I like to assume that it’s based mammalian predators. Over 1,500 fake votes were cast for the kiwi pukupuku in New Zealand’s Bird of the Year contest. keet, the cockatoo and the black- somebody who just really loved Edward Abraham, Dragonfly’s throated finch, the eventual win- native birds.” founder, said that finding the ner. No one has claimed responsibil- cheating ballots had been rela- lead, they were removed within a seabirds and forest-dwelling ones, leader was the antipodean alba- Ms. Keown, the spokeswoman ity, and no one is expected to. tively easy because people who in- few hours. and said that voter turnout ap- tross, an endangered seabird that for the New Zealand edition, said The contest, which began on terfered with bird elections The pukupuku was once the peared to be lower than in previ- is often caught up in the lines used that the 1,500-plus pukupuku Nov. 2 and ends on Sunday, is con- tended to show their hands by get- most common type of the five ki- ous years. That was possibly be- by commercial fishing boats to votes that were suddenly re- ducted through an instant-runoff ting “a little enthusiastic.” wis, but is now extinct on New cause New Zealanders had just catch tuna and swordfish. corded between 1 a.m. and 3 a.m. system that allows voters to rank “When a bird gets a whole lot of Zealand’s mainland. Its 1,900 or so endured another major vote: re- But the albatross was fighting on Monday were all submitted their favorite birds — just as New votes in the middle of the night remaining members live on Kapiti electing their prime minister a off a stiff challenge from the kaka- from the same Auckland-based IP Zealanders do when they elect hu- and zooms from the middle of the Island, a bird sanctuary off the few weeks before the bird polls po, which the organizer describes address. mans to office. The organizer, a pack to the top of the ranks, that’s coast of the country’s North Is- opened. as an “exquisitely perfumed” “No one has to worry about the New Zealand-based advocacy a sign that something’s going on,” land. The International Union for In that sense, he said, “the birds species. integrity of our bird election,” she group called Forest & Bird, has he said. Conservation of Nature lists its are going head-to-head with real The owner of the Twitter ac- told Radio New Zealand, adding said that the contest is designed to Forest & Bird said in a state- status as “near threatened.” politics.” count @VoteToroa, which was ap- that every vote would be counted. raise awareness about the plight ment on Tuesday that while “ille- Mr. Abraham described the About 12,000 people had voted parently created by a supporter of Asked whether Russia had been of the country’s more than 200 gitimate” ballots had briefly Bird of the Year electorate as in this year’s contest as of Tuesday the albatross, said on Monday that involved, she denied any “over- species of native birds, many of pushed the pukupuku into the roughly split between fans of evening, Mr. Abraham said. The while the bird had picked up votes seas interference” in the vote. A10 N THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

NEWS ANALYSIS Macron and Kurz Flex Antiterror Muscles for Domestic Audience By ADAM NOSSITER appearing with Mr. Kurz. all the countries of Europe,” he the threat we are facing,” said PARIS — President Emmanuel And Mr. Kurz, now in a coali- said, emphasizing to reporters Philippe Olivier, a close aide to Macron of France and Chancellor tion with the Greens and in a that the Continent’s external the far right leader, in an inter- Sebastian Kurz of Austria stood quest for broader respectability, border, outside the so-called view after Mr. Macron spoke. side by side Tuesday to talk gains from being seen in public Schengen Zone that encom- “We are at war, and in the face terrorism at the Élysée Palace, shoulder-to-shoulder with a passes most of the countries of of a war we implement a law of but the moment was as much member in good standing of the Europe, needed to be tightened. war,” Mr. Olivier said, adding that about domestic politics for each core group of European Union “Security weakness at the Mr. Macron’s pledges to rethink leader as about terrorist threats. leaders. border is a risk to all our mem- the Schengen area and to regu- France and Austria both have The meeting of the two leaders ber states,” Mr. Macron said. late hate speech on social net- been attacked recently: Vienna Tuesday was followed by a Eu- “There has to be a refoundation works were useless in the fight rope-wide video conference on against terrorism. last week with the deadly shoot- of the Schengen Zone,” he added, terrorism with Chancellor An- Mr. Macron touched on an- ing of four people by an Islamic “so that it becomes a safe space.” gela Merkel of Germany, Prime other theme dear to the far right, State sympathizer, and France Mr. Macron insisted that “we Minister Mark Rutte of the the abuse of demands for asy- with the stabbing deaths of three have to look lucidly at the link Netherlands, the European lum. “There’s been a distortion in in Nice and the beheading of a between illegal immigration and Council president, Charles Mi- calls for the right to asylum,” the teacher in the Paris suburbs. terrorism,” a nod to apparent chel, and the European Commis- French president said Tuesday. And Mr. Macron in particular has illegal entry into Italy by boat by sion president, Ursula von der “We’ve seen more and more been looking for allies in the face the suspect in the Nice killings. Leyen. people asking for asylum. This is of hostility in the Muslim world Mr. Kurz chimed right in Tues- The meeting produced some day. “We can’t live in liberty being used by traffickers,” he to the broad crackdown his gov- tough talk about reinforcing said. without protecting our exterior ernment has launched in re- borders and stepping up cross- Mr. Olivier said that Mr. Ma- frontiers,” the Austrian chancel- sponse. border policing, but it was more cron’s denunciation of the “mis- LUDOVIC MARIN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES lor said. “We’re being confronted The French president, facing a about symbol than substance for use” of Europe’s asylum system by a permanent menace.” re-election campaign in 2022 in the French and Austrian leaders, President Emmanuel Macron of France, left, and Chancellor Se- was contradicted by his support which his opponent is likely to be according to some who have bastian Kurz of Austria met in Paris to discuss terrorist threats. Ms. Merkel was the only for the new European Commis- the far right leader Marine Le studied the two men. leader who sounded a softening sion-backed plan for migrants, Pen, has every interest in flexing note. “This is not a fight between Mr. Macron’s political stand- day’s meeting were clear. said Christoph Hofinger, director which offers countries financial his antiterrorism muscles in ing, damaged by his govern- Islam and Christianity,” the Ger- incentives to take in refugees, public, even to the point of ap- “In a way it’s a direct answer of the SORA institute, a social man chancellor said. “It’s about ment’s handling of the coronavi- to Marine Le Pen,” said Mr. Moïsi research group in Vienna. “He but also aims to speed deporta- pearing with Mr. Kurz, who until rus epidemic, is now benefiting defending our model of a demotion. last year governed in a coalition of the Institut Montaigne. “He’s can show that he has European cratic society.” from public outrage and national- already in the campaign, and he’s recognition, he can show that he For now, Mr. Macron can ab- with Ms. Le Pen’s allies on Aus- ism in the wake of the killings. Before Mr. Macron spoke, Ms. sorb these jabs from the far only got one opponent. He’s is being tough on political Islam, tria’s far right. He is also seeing a lift from what Le Pen’s National Rally party right, even as he lobbies, with proving to those who vote for and the whole thing distracts “Given the level of emotion French commentators and poli- issued a statement Tuesday some success, to make the prob- her, you don’t have to vote for from the embarrassing missed that has been created, he has the ticians have suggested is anger calling for the abandonment of lem of terrorism a European her, you can vote for me. It’s a warnings ahead of the recent feeling he’s got to prove to the over undue focus by foreign the Schengen Zone and the re- Union-wide one. French he’s doing his utmost,” observers on the country’s treat- political tactic in the immediate, attack in Vienna.” establishment of national bor- A policy document set to be said Dominique Moïsi, special ment of its Muslim population. and a global strategy in the He added: “It is less about ders — for years a French far- approved this week by E.U. adviser on geopolitics at the “Macron is clearly keeping up longer term.” persuading Macron of anything right rallying cry. This would do interior ministers lays out areas Institut Montaigne think tank in the momentum. Being tough on Mr. Kurz had similar domestic than about giving the impression away with a signature achieve- where the EU should step up the Paris, speaking about Mr. Ma- terrorism never hurt anyone,” goals in mind, aware of having to of being a leading voice in Eu- ment of the European Union, fight against extremism, includ- cron. “Even going beyond his said François Heisbourg, a take a tough line to mobilize rope.” border-free travel. Mr. Macron ing compelling social media political zone of comfort” by French defense analyst, though voters who might defect to the Mr. Macron was careful to hasn’t gone that far, although last companies to remove extremist “honestly I don’t think most far-right Freedom Party, with touch on themes dear to Ms. Le week he announced a doubling of content, improving existing Katrin Bennhold contributed re- French people have heard of which he governed in a previous Pen’s party, in brief remarks French border guards. intelligence-sharing platforms porting from Berlin, Constant Kurz.” coalition. Tuesday after his meeting with Ms. Le Pen’s party professed and bolstering cooperation with Méheut from Paris, and Matina In the view of analysts, the “For Kurz this alliance with Mr. Kurz and the other European bemusement at Mr. Macron’s third countries on the move- Stevis-Gridneff from Brussels. political implications of Tues- Macron is useful in three ways,” leaders. “This menace weighs on remarks. “He doesn’t understand ments of extremists.

Inquiry Into McCarrick Chides Pope John Paul II

of BishopAccountability.org, an From Page A1 advocacy group, said that while came public in 2018, conservative the report was the “Vatican’s first critics have accused Francis of forthright account of its own covering up the American’s mis- cover-up of a sexual predator,” it conduct. let Francis hide behind plausible But the investigation, commis- deniability. “Didn’t the pope won- sioned by Francis, who had prom- der if those rumors had sub- ised to “follow the path of truth stance?” wherever it may lead,” largely ab- The Vatican report said “no lim- solved the current pope. Instead, it was placed on the examination it put fault chiefly with Francis’ of documents, the questioning of conservative predecessors, emer- individuals or the expenditure of itus Pope Benedict XVI, and in resources necessary to carry out particular Pope John Paul II — el- the investigation.” It said that evated to sainthood since his over 90 witnesses had been inter- death — who believed Mr. McCar- viewed, including cardinals, bish- rick’s denials of the allegations of ops, American seminarians and sexual misconduct and promoted priests who overlapped with Mr. him. McCarrick throughout his career. “Pope John Paul II personally Mr. McCarrick, who has never made the decision to appoint Mc- been criminally charged, has been Carrick,” the report says, despite living in an undisclosed location receiving a letter in 1999 from Car- since leaving a Capuchin friary in dinal John O’Connor, then the Kansas in January. archbishop of New York, that Some recounted “sexual abuse summed up allegations, some or assault, unwanted sexual activ- anonymous, that Mr. McCarrick ity, intimate physical contact and had engaged in sexual conduct the sharing of beds without physi- with another priest in 1987, that he cal touching,” it said. Those ac- had committed pedophilia and counts, which the Vatican warned that he shared a bed with young could be “traumatizing” to Mr. adult men and seminarians. McCarrick’s victims, were “made MANNIE GRACIA/REUTERS John Paul II ordered an investi- available to Pope Francis.” Theodore E. McCarrick, above, when he was the archbishop of gation to determine whether the But the finding could also be Washington. He was ordered out of the priesthood by Pope Fran- allegations were true. Bishops disconcerting to the faithful, espe- cis, center left, in 2019. A Vatican report says Pope John Paul II, found that Mr. McCarrick had cially as it appeared to cloud the lower left, failed to act on reports of Mr. McCarrick’s abuses. shared a bed with young men but reputation of Pope John Paul II, said they were not sure there had who the report sought to defend. been sexual misconduct, accord- “John Paul II’s past experience in Francis told the Mexican broad- just minors but adults — relation- ing to the inquiry, which now con- Poland regarding the use of spuri- caster Televisa that he knew noth- ships the Vatican had long played siders the information provided ous allegations against bishops” ing about Mr. McCarrick’s past. down as consensual rather than by those bishops to have been to hurt the church “played a role in He also said that he did not recall if an abuse of power. misleading. his willingness to believe” Mr. Mc- Archbishop Viganò had ever That abuse certainly seemed in “What is now known,” the re- Carrick. brought the issue to his attention. evidence in the report, which in- port says, “is that three of the four In 2005, new details about alle- The Vatican report adds that “no cludes multiple examples of Mr. American bishops provided inac- gations against Mr. McCarrick records support Viganò’s ac- McCarrick, a powerful bishop, curate and incomplete informa- surfaced and John Paul II’s suc- count” about his raising the issue abusing young seminarians, and tion to the Holy See regarding Mc- cessor, Pope Benedict XVI, “ur- with Francis in 2013. other bishops looking the other Carrick’s sexual conduct with gently sought” to substitute Mr. The Vatican report does sup- way. young adults.” McCarrick as the archbishop of port Archbishop Viganò’s as- One victim is quoted as saying sertions that Pope Benedict XVI The inquiry also notes that Mr. Washington. In 2006, Mr. McCar- FILIPPO MONTEFORTE/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES that the disgraced American prel- McCarrick appealed directly to rick was replaced in the post. had already punished Mr. McCar- ate “tried to convince me that Pope John Paul II’s gatekeeper, In 2006 and 2008, Archbishop rick for his abuse of seminarians priests engaging in sexual activity Bishop Stanislaw Dziwisz, now a Carlo Maria Viganò, an official in and priests, however. with each other was normal and cardinal and retired archbishop of the Holy See’s Secretariat of State, But while it says that Pope accepted in the United States.” Krakow, to insist on his innocence. wrote letters urging his superiors Francis did receive notification In light of the fact that Mr. Mc- “McCarrick’s denial was be- to start a church legal procedure about the prior indications by Carrick was his superior, the lieved,” the report says, the allega- to address the allegations and ru- Benedict from top church officials, priest said he had been “afraid,” tions were dismissed as rumor, mors against Mr. McCarrick. he was not given documentation especially because he felt his im- and the pope appointed Mr. Mc- The issue was brought directly regarding the allegations against migration status at the time made Mr. McCarrick. Believing that Carrick as Washington’s arch- to the attention of Pope Benedict, him vulnerable. bishop in November 2000. who decided against that path. they had already been thoroughly The report did not provide an Archbishop José H. Gómez, the “Instead, the decision was made reviewed, the Vatican report said accounting of Mr. McCarrick’s president of the United States to appeal to McCarrick’s con- Francis “did not see the need to al- fund-raising activities, and ar- Conference of Catholic Bishops, science” and for him to “maintain ter the approach that had been gued that “they were not determi- welcomed the report for its “trans- a lower profile,” the inquiry found. adopted in prior years.” native with respect to major deci- parency in addressing issues of The Vatican report defended When allegations of sexual abuse.” Pope Benedict by arguing that abuse by Mr. McCarrick of a mi- sions relating to McCarrick.” Over But for abuse survivors and there were at the time no credible nor were found to be credible, and the decades, Mr. McCarrick di- their advocates, the revelations accusations of child abuse against were made public in 2018, Francis rected millions of dollars to John were no salve. Mr. McCarrick. It added that Ben- stripped Mr. McCarrick of his Paul II, Benedict and Francis for papal charities through his Papal “At no time has the Vatican ever edict had not been “kept apprised VINCENZO PINTO/REUTERS rank of cardinal. The Vatican’s had any remorse or empathy to- of McCarrick’s activities” in the Congregation for the Doctrine of Foundation. ward me,” said James Grein, who United States or overseas after That line has a whiff of score up arms against Francis’ inclusive the Faith subsequently found Mr. Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the has accused Mr. McCarrick, then a that. settling to it. In August 2018, Arch- vision of a church less focused on McCarrick guilty of solicitation church’s secretary of state and priest and family friend, of abus- But when Archbishop Viganò bishop Viganò stunned the church divisive issues like abortion and during confession and of abuse, second-ranking official, said in a ing him starting at age 11. Mr. became Vatican ambassador to with a public letter claiming that homosexuality. prompting Francis to remove him statement on Tuesday, “We pub- Grein noted that while the report the United States in 2011, he re- the Vatican hierarchy, including The charges came during a deli- from the priesthood in February lish the report with sorrow for the described decades of cover-up, it ceived further information about Pope Francis, was complicit in cate and damaging period for 2019. wounds that these events have offered no “plan to rectify the situ- allegations of sexual misconduct covering up accusations that Mr. Francis, when a renewed explo- Pope Francis, who ordered the caused.” ation.” by Mr. McCarrick and in 2012 peti- McCarrick had sexually abused sion of the scandal over sexual report in 2018, has frequently at- He said the inquiry showed how Anne Barrett Doyle, a director tioned the Vatican again. seminarians. abuse in the church, to which he tributed the crisis to clericalism, a decisions, including the appoint- The report says that the Vatican The letter also accused Mr. Mc- sometimes seemed blind, threat- systemic abuse of power and the ment of bishops, depended “on the Reporting was contributed by instructed Archbishop Viganò to Carrick of advancing corrupt net- ened his papacy. unhealthy pursuit of authority commitment and honesty of the Sharon Otterman from New York, conduct an inquiry to determine works linked to homosexual rela- Archbishop Viganò claimed within the church’s hierarchy. people concerned and that the re- Elisabetta Povoledo from Rome, whether the allegations were tionships within church leader- that he had personally warned The McCarrick scandal has al- port, would make “all those in- Elizabeth Dias from Washington credible. ship, and it exposed deep ideolog- Francis about Mr. McCarrick’s vi- ready forced a reckoning inside volved in such choices more and Ruth Graham from Warner, “Viganò did not take these ical clashes at the church’s highest olations in 2013, but that Francis the church about how clerics can aware of the weight of their deci- N.H. steps,” the report says. levels, with conservatives taking did nothing. use their authority to abuse not sions or omissions.” THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A11 Modi Reverses His Fortunes in Crucial Indian State, Winning Election By EMILY SCHMALL meting economic indicators and a oritized the campaign in Bihar, ap- that voters do not seem to at- unemployment rate in 2018 and the pandemic and a lockdown ear- and HARI KUMAR sharply rising coronavirus pearing in the state at least four tribute direct responsibility to the 2019 in Bihar was nearly 31 per- lier this year, which led to the re- NEW DELHI — India’s govern- caseload that has put India only times, in 12 separate campaign prime minister for the mishan- cent, compared with 17 percent turn of millions of migrants, may ing party and its allies won a ma- behind the U.S. in total cases, po- events, in recent weeks. dling of national affairs, such as nationwide. have sent youth unemployment jority of seats in a tight race for litical analysts saw the result as “It just shows that people still the economy or the pandemic it- Mr. Yadav was able to capture above 40 percent in the state. power in the state of Bihar, accord- proof that Mr. Modi has retained repose faith in Prime Minister self,” said Gilles Verniers, a pro- the imagination of the mainly Bihar, where health care is lim- ing to results early Wednesday, in his popularity and can still rely on Modi,” said Arati Jerath, an Indian fessor of political science at young electorate with a pledge to ited, has particularly suffered in the first major election in the his Hindu-nationalist base. journalist and commentator. Ashoka University, near New create a million new jobs. Exit the pandemic as the lockdown or- country since the coronavirus Across the country, Indians Regardless of whether the Delhi. polls strongly favored Mr. Yadav’s dered by Mr. Modi in March sent coalition, which includes India’s migrant workers back to their an- pandemic began. were riveted by live TV coverage, B.J.P. secures enough seats to Mr. Verniers called the B.J.P.’s waiting to see how India’s govern- form a government with its coali- main opposition party, Congress. cestral villages in droves. In a post on Twitter near mid- ing party would fare in what has tion partners, a significant gain in Mr. Modi, however, took the Many of those who had migrat- night, Prime Minister Narendra been widely seen as a referendum seats would represent an impor- fight directly to Mr. Yadav, cam- ed to big Indian cities for work Modi declared that his Bharatiya on its handling of the pandemic. tant win for the party in a state paigning in Bihar and casting the were forced to return home, often Janata Party and its coalition Around 41 million votes were cast, with a well-organized opposition, A sign of the prime young coalition leader as “jungle on foot, since public transporta- partners had triumphed, saying, with the process slowed because experts said. minister escaping raj ke yuvraj,” or the prince of an tion was suspended. Others who “Democracy has once again won of pandemic social distancing Bihar is a poor state where most era of lawlessness, in a reference had planned to set out for seasonal in Bihar.” Votes were still being measures at voting and counting people eke out a living in agricul- blame for recent woes. to his parents’ rule of Bihar. work also missed out on the op- counted for a last few seats, but by stations. ture, forestry and fishing. In cam- Mr. Yadav’s father, Lalu Prasad, portunity to earn income, said early Wednesday, the B.J.P. and Bihar, India’s third-most-popu- paigning for the alliance between who served one and a half terms, Varun Aggarwal, founder of the its allies had secured more than lous state, has been hit hard by the the B.J.P. and People’s Party beginning in 1990, has been in and Mumbai-based advocacy group enough seats for a majority, and a coronavirus and a lockdown that there, officials emphasized the performance — in light of Bihar’s out of prison for years on corrup- India Migration Now. clear path to forming a state gov- drove up its already high levels of B.J.P.’s national achievements, in- ongoing struggles with the pan- tion charges. He is incarcerated at “There is a longer-term silent ernment. youth unemployment. An elector- cluding the recent Supreme Court demic — “remarkable.” a hospital in Ranchi, a city in disaster for people who couldn’t The result was a stunning real backlash had been expected decision that gives Hindus the Polls had predicted a big win for neighboring Jharkhand State. migrate” in Bihar, Mr. Aggarwal versal in an election in which exit against the incumbent chief min- right to build a temple on the site Mr. Kumar’s 31-year-old chal- While under investigation for em- said. polls heavily favored the opposi- ister, Nitish Kumar, and his Janata of a mosque that was destroyed by lenger, Tejashwi Prasad Yadav of bezzling public funds in 1997, he India’s new virus infections tion parties, and in which Mr. Dal, or People’s Party. Hindu rioters decades ago. Mr. the Rashtriya Janata Dal, or Na- appointed his wife, Rabri Devi, as have dropped dramatically in re- Modi heavily campaigned to try to Seeing a chance to turn his par- Modi set the ceremonial corner- tional People’s Party. Mr. Yadav chief minister. She remained in cent weeks from its September reverse disappointments for his ty’s fortunes around, however, Mr. stone for the temple, at Ayodhya, focused on an issue of particular power until 2005. highs of nearly 98,000 new cases a party in recent months. Modi formed a coalition with Mr. in August. importance to Biharis: the lack of Experts have estimated that day. But experts warn of a possi- Despite a long stretch of plum- Kumar’s party and then pri- “The Bihar elections confirm jobs for young people. The youth the economic collapse caused by ble resurgence.

Peru Reels at 4th Leader In 5 Years Amid Tumult

By MITRA TAJ Mr. Vizcarra came to power af- and ANATOLY KURMANAEV ter the previous president, Pedro A devastating pandemic, the Pablo Kuczynski, resigned in one deepest economic crisis on of several corruption scandals record, and now, the fourth presi- that have ensnared politicians, dent in five years. businessmen, judges and pros- Exhausted by this year’s tur- ecutors in recent years. As Mr. Ku- moil, Peruvians woke up Tuesday czynski’s vice-president, Mr. Viz- to yet another shock. This time, it carra stepped into the office. was one of their leaders’ making: While polls show that vast ma- The country’s deeply disliked jority of Peruvians want Mr. Viz- Congress had voted Monday night carra to face justice, his swift re- to impeach Martín Vizcarra, a moval by Congress, before the ac- popular, if flawed, president, for cusations were proven, has pro- “moral incapacity,” just five voked even greater public months before new elections. outrage. By Tuesday morning, just thir- Hundreds of protesters took to teen hours later, Congress had the streets in the capital, Lima, on sworn in a new president — Tuesday to denounce what they Manuel Merino, the little-known called a congressional “coup,” ac- rice farmer who had been head of cusing lawmakers of perverting Congress. justice for personal benefit in a And the population was left moment of grave national crisis. reeling, astonished and furious at They clashed with riot police out- a political system many saw as side Congress, who dispersed willing to risk instability in pursuit them with tear gas and rubber pel- of petty political disputes instead lets. of focusing on the country’s press- Protests and clashes also ing problems. erupted in several other cities, ac- “All of us Peruvians are disap- cording to local media. pointed in the people who govern “This has been the drop that ERNESTO BENAVIDES/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES us,” said Andrés Cordero, an un- overflowed the glass of political Supporters of the ousted Peruvian president, Martín Vizcarra, demonstrating against the new government in Lima on Tuesday. employed electrician. “They’ve destabilization,” said Elsa Soldev- been promising change for a long illa, a 27-year-old student who dents who they consider morally Under Peru’s law, lawmakers who advocate firing squads for economic statistics in 1951. time and it always ends the same joined the protest. “If Vizcarra has or mentally unfit for office on enjoy parliamentary immunity, a corrupt officials. David Rivera, a Peruvian politi- way.” a crime to pay, let him do it in grounds of “permanent moral in- benefit that Mr. Vizcarra had un- Mr. Merino, the new president, cal analyst, said the widespread The spreading national malaise courts. The Congress doesn’t need capacity.” The request was filed in successfully attempted to remove promised to focus on the pan- opposition to Mr. Vizcarra’s im- marks a stark turnaround from to exploit this.” September. during his campaign to overhaul demic and honor the scheduled peachment would likely make it Peru’s fortunes before the pan- The popular anger over Mr. Viz- The criticism of Mr. Vizcarra’s the country’s governance. April 11 election date. hard for Mr. Merino to find quali- demic, when the country posted carra’s ouster quickly spread to ouster was amplified by its timing. Mr. Vizcarra’s political undoing “Today the population looks at fied professionals to fill key posi- Latin America’s highest economic Peru’s other political institutions, The former president had eight has been partly of his own mak- us with expectation but also with tions in an interim government. growth rates and fell behind Mr. undermining the last vestiges of months left in office and had said ing. By limiting the lawmakers’ concern,” he said in his accept- “What serious technocrat or po- Vizcarra’s ambitious attempts to legitimacy of a system that many he would not seek re-election in time in office to one term in an ef- ance speech Tuesday. “Our com- litician is going to want to be a stamp out deep-seated corrup- citizens consider beyond repair. the general elections scheduled fort to ostensibly limit corruption, mitment is to carry out a demo- minister with Merino?” he said. “I tion. Some at the protests have blamed for April. Mr. Vizcarra has removed the in- cratic transition.” don’t even want to imagine what Now, Mr. Vizcarra has been ac- the country’s top court, which had He had also promised to face centive for responsible politicians But the impeachment left many this administration is going to be cused of the same crimes he declined to weigh in on the previ- the prosecutors to defend himself to seek careers in Congress, said in Peru dispirited, worried that like.” pledged to combat, becoming Pe- ous attempt by the Congress to re- against corruption charges after Diego Moya-Ocampos, a political the country is headed for greater Some worry that the new gov- ru’s sixth president in a row to be move Mr. Vizcarra — in Septem- leaving power. In his defense risk analyst at the consultancy political instability just as it tries ernment will use its short time in investigated for corruption, after ber, less than two months ago — speech in Congress shortly before IHS Markit, in London. to recover from one of the world’s office to pass laws benefiting their leaked witness testimonies ap- for an unrelated and also still un- being impeached, he had accused The result has been a raucous, worst coronavirus outbreaks, and members’ business interests, said peared to show him accepting proven offense. his opponents of hypocrisy, point- fractious legislature filled with reopen its battered economy. Pe- Martín Tanaka, a political scien- bribes during his time as a provin- The court is still evaluating Mr. ing out that 68 of the country’s 130 rookie, little-known politicians ru’s gross domestic product is set tist at the Pontifical Catholic Uni- cial governor. Vizcarra’s request for clarification congressmen were under investi- from a dozen parties, including to contract 14 percent this year, ac- versity of Peru, in Lima. on the use of the country’s archaic gation for crimes such as corrup- the political wing of a messianic cording to the International Mon- “The big problem is that in eight Mirelis Morales and Isayen Her- impeachment clause, which al- tion or money laundering them- religious group and supporters of etary Fund — the largest decline months, a lot of damage can be rera contributed reporting. lows lawmakers to remove presi- selves. a jailed former military officer since the nation began collecting done,” said Mr. Tanaka.

After Vanishing in August, ‘Grandma Wong’ Returns to Hong Kong Protests

By AUSTIN RAMZY In August, 12 activists were de- eventually released on a form of The United States has criticized HONG KONG — When protests tained by Chinese officials while bail that prevented her from leav- the growing crackdown in Hong swept Hong Kong last year, Alex- trying to flee Hong Kong by ing Shenzhen. Kong and sanctioned key officials. andra Wong, better known as speedboat. They still haven’t been The Shenzhen police did not re- On Monday, it added four more “Grandma Wong,” always seemed allowed to see their lawyers. spond to requests for comment, Chinese and Hong Kong officials to be there. Day after day, she “Her experience shows that the but Ms. Wong provided documen- to its list, barring them from trav- stood out among the hundreds of whole anti-extradition bill move- tation on her bail and a receipt for eling to the United States and thousands of demonstrators as a ment was correct,” said Fernando items that were held while she freezing any assets they might small woman with short gray hair Cheung, a pro-democracy law- was in detention. Before she was have in the country. waving a large British flag. maker in Hong Kong who helped released, she said, she was forced For Ms. Wong, protesting now Then, during a few tumultuous Ms. Wong during her detention. to say on video that she had not comes with greater risks. Waving “It shows that the worries we had been abused while in custody, that days in August when the police a Union Jack — in her mind a sym- about the extradition bill were she would not talk to the news me- fired tear gas in a subway station bol of the rights protected by the true. Look at how they execute the dia about her experience and that and protesters shut down the British government, not an en- law in the mainland.” she would never protest again. city’s airport, Ms. Wong, 64, sud- dorsement of colonialism — has Ms. Wong has never married Last month, one full year after denly vanished. become “very dangerous,” she and has no children. She grew up the initial bail period began, she Her friends in the movement said. But detention has only in Hong Kong and worked in the was given the necessary paper- strengthened her resolve for de- quickly had their suspicions. They city as an accountant. But in 2006, work allowing her to leave Shen- believed she had disappeared into mocracy. as the cost of living ballooned, she LAM YIK FEI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES zhen and return to Hong Kong. Despite the pledges she made China’s opaque legal system, an moved to Shenzhen, a neighbor- She now stays in a small hotel alarming outcome for protesters Alexandra Wong spent 15 days detained in mainland China. She under duress, she continues to ing city in the Chinese mainland was questioned about her many demonstrations, but not charged. room in Hong Kong’s New Territo- protest, and recently took the sub- that has become all the more chill- with more affordable housing. ries, but the city she has returned ing after Beijing imposed a na- way for an hour to the northeast She had long written to Hong to is much different from the one corner of Hong Kong Island, tional security law on Hong Kong Kong officials with suggestions on The playful yellow toy ducks and asked her if she knew them. she remembers. where a trial is scheduled to begin this year. When Ms. Wong finally how to address the city’s growing she carried became her mascots. They showed her news photos The streets are no longer filled for six young demonstrators re-emerged last month, she con- income inequality — a higher min- In Shenzhen, where the police of herself: “Is that you?” with protesters and police offi- charged with illegal assembly. firmed that she had been detained imum wage, stipends to support have more leeway to prosecute She was then sent to a second cers. The government has banned by the Chinese authorities. artists — but felt she had been ig- political dissent, Ms. Wong would detention center and kept in a gatherings of more than four peo- She walked to the courthouse “I worried that I would die in nored. Her activism grew more often complain about excessive small cell with 15 other people. “It ple, a measure meant to curb the carrying a handwritten sign: China,” she said. serious about a decade ago. She security checks. But unlike in was very difficult for an old wom- spread of the coronavirus that has “Save HK Youths.” For many in Hong Kong, her de- participated in some of the city’s Hong Kong, few of her friends an,” she said. The authorities also also proved useful against the pro- The police officers at the court- tention was a reminder of what biggest demonstrations, like the would join her in protest. When took her on a five-day trip from tests. house paid little attention to her, had brought them to the streets in annual vigil to remember those she disappeared, many assumed Shenzhen to Shaanxi Province in And the national security law and when she spoke to reporters, the first place: an extradition bill killed in the 1989 Tiananmen she had been stopped by the main- northwest China. She had visited has been used to target dissidents her voice barely carried over the to mainland China, where courts crackdown and marches calling land police on her way home from there years before as a volunteer for what the authorities have breeze. “I have to continue so that are controlled by the Communist for direct elections in Hong Kong. protesting. for a Christian charity organiza- called secession and terrorism. we will be victorious one day,” she Party. Her arrest was confirma- During the pro-democracy Um- Ms. Wong said she had been de- tion. The activist Tony Chung, 19, was said. “I am sure we will over- tion that Beijing’s creeping au- brella Movement in 2014, she tained while crossing the border The return trip with the authori- charged with secession and con- come.” thoritarianism had hardly been spent weeks sleeping on the between Hong Kong and Shen- ties was meant to show her how spiracy to publish seditious ma- The ducks have also returned curbed by the bill’s failure to pass streets. After the protest encamp- zhen on Aug. 14, and spent 15 days quickly the area had been devel- terial. He was arrested last month with Ms. Wong. and that the protesters had been ments were removed by the au- in administrative detention with- oped under Communist Party near the United States Consulate, She held them in a short video right to sound the alarm when thorities, she returned and stayed out being told of her crimes. Inves- rule, and to instill a sense of patri- where, an advocacy group said, he she sent to supporters last month. they did. outside the government head- tigators grilled her about the pro- otism. While there, she said she had planned to seek shelter. Tim “We are safe and sound because quarters for more than a month, tests, the British flag and whether had been asked to take photos Luk, another activist, was ar- we are here on Hong Kong soil,” Tiffany May contributed report- lining the sidewalks with umbrel- she used violence, she said. They with the Chinese flag and to sing rested on Monday and accused of she said. But the city, she added, ing. las. showed her photos of protesters the national anthem. She was aiding Mr. Chung. “has already changed.” A12 WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

If Parents Reject Them, Many L.G.B.T.Q. Teens Land in Foster System By AMANDA ROSA youths will join a current youth A teenage girl from Brooklyn leadership council that advises bounced to four foster homes be- the staff. fore she trusted a family enough Mr. Hansell said the agency was to come out as bisexual. In planning to do further studies. Ad- Queens, a 21-year-old transgen- vocacy groups welcomed the new der man said he no longer spoke to data as a positive step, though his parents. some were skeptical that the ef- Another teenager, who is trans- fort to improve services would be gender, remembered the day he effective. climbed to the roof of his apart- Lawyers for Children, a non- ment building in Queens and con- profit legal group that represents templated jumping to his death. children in foster care, has an Soon after, he was placed into a L.G.B.T.Q. Rights Project. Linda foster home. Diaz and Kristin Kimmel, co-di- Some advocacy groups have rectors of the project, said they long believed that gay, bisexual wished they had been included in and transgender teenagers are devising the plan. overrepresented in the city’s fos- “It is very disappointing that at ter care system, and that many a really crucial juncture in the pro- struggle to find support in it and at vision of services to L.G.B.T.Q. home. A new survey has con- youth that A.C.S. is not consulting firmed that impression: It found with us,” Ms. Diaz said. that more than a third of New York Youth advocates could have of- City’s young people in foster care fered valuable perspectives, Ms. identify as L.G.B.T.Q. Kimmel said. She added, for ex- The survey, published on Tues- ample, that the plan should make GABRIELLA ANGOTTI-JONES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES day by the Administration for sure all foster parents — even POMONA, CALIF. The counting of mail ballots goes slowly in California. In 2018, the last House race wasn’t called until December. Children’s Services, the city’s those not specifically recruited to child welfare agency, revealed dis- care for L.G.B.T.Q. youths — were parities between the L.G.B.T.Q. trained to support children re- youths and their peers in foster gardless of sexuality or gender ex- care. The young people who iden- pression. tify as L.G.B.T.Q. are placed more “While A.C.S. has had a policy often in group homes or resi- for quite some time that they’re dential care, instead of family- going to train all of their foster based homes. They also are more parents, all of their agency case- likely to report experiencing workers and everybody that pro- homelessness, negative interac- vides services to these kids to be tions with the police, and feelings accepting of them, that really of depression and hopelessness. The agency said it had used the survey’s findings to develop a plan to decrease the number of L.G.B.T.Q. youths in the system, increase placements with relatives and foster families, and improve the young people’s overall TRAVIS DOVE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES TAMIR KALIFA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES well-being. In New York City, chil- CHARLOTTE, N.C. There’s no winner yet for Senate or SAN ANTONIO Ballots in storage. Texas called its last race dren can stay in foster care into president. The Republicans in both races are leading. on Tuesday, for Beth Van Duyne in the 24th district. adulthood, transitioning once they find stable housing. “Without that data, in a sense, we’re doing program and policy planning in the dark,” said David Ballots Still Being Tallied, Many Races Remain Uncalled Hansell, the agency’s commissioner. “We can only do good plan- By MAGGIE ASTOR for weeks; in 2018, the last Oberweis, in Illinois’s 14th Con- ative Claudia Tenney, a Republi- ning to meet the needs of youth in House race in California wasn’t gressional District with more can who was unseated by Antho- foster care if we really understand GILI BENITA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES A week after Election Day, what those needs are.” Jonathan DeJesus, 21, was ballots are still being counted in called until early December. than 98 percent of estimated ny Brindisi in 2018, is now lead- ballots counted. The race is ing him in a rematch with 80 For years, foster care agencies placed in foster care at 12. many states. • District 21: Representative T.J. in New York City have lacked the likely to be called in the next few percent of estimated ballots This isn’t unusual. But because Cox, a Democrat, is trailing data to assess L.G.B.T.Q. youths’ hasn’t come to pass,” Ms. Kimmel days. counted. of how many people voted by David Valadao, the Republican needs or analyze their own short- said. “There are plenty of foster mail, the process isn’t as far former representative he nar- • District 24: Representative comings. Nationwide data on homes that are rejecting of these along as it would normally be at rowly defeated in 2018, by about Iowa John Katko, a Republican, is very L.G.B.T.Q. teenagers in foster care young people.” this point, and that means the 4,000 votes with 91 percent of likely to win re-election over his is scarce. Destiny Simmons, 24, who was outcomes of quite a few races estimated ballots counted. What’s uncalled: One House race Democratic challenger, Dana While there is no federal data not part of the survey, said that remain unclear. • District 25: This is an ex- (Second District) Balter. Mr. Katko is ahead by for comparison, the Annie E. moving from home to home often Here’s an overview of the tremely close race between more than 20 points with 78 Casey Foundation, a philanthropy kept her from forming relation- results we were waiting for as of Iowa’s Second Congressional Representative Mike Garcia, a for underprivileged children, has ships. 8:30 p.m. Eastern on Tuesday. District is home to one of the percent of estimated votes re- Republican, and Christy Smith, a found that about 24 percent of “You don’t know when you’re (We have not included races that closest House races in the coun- ported. Democrat. Mr. Garcia is ahead young people being served by a going to be moved again,” Ms. are going to runoffs.) try. Just 48 votes separate Rita by around 150 votes with more Hart, a Democrat, from Mari- foster care initiative it has in 17 Simmons, who is bisexual, said. than 98 percent of estimated annette Miller-Meeks, a Republi- North Carolina states identify as L.G.B.T.Q. “So, it’s like, why form a bond with ballots counted. can, with 89 percent of estimated The New York City survey is “a this person when it could just be What’s uncalled: Presidential race, very targeted focus on a popula- broken?” • District 34: This Los Angeles- votes counted. Alaska Senate race In recent years, city data on based district is solidly Demo- tion that we usually don’t see in homelessness showed that 40 per- What’s uncalled: Presidential race, cratic; the question is which Senator Thom Tillis, a Republi- child welfare,” said Sandra Gasca- cent of homeless young people in Senate race, one House seat Democrat will win it. Represent- New York can, is narrowly ahead of his Gonzalez, vice president of the New York City were L.G.B.T.Q., (at-large) ative Jimmy Gomez is about Democratic challenger, Cal Cun- Annie E. Casey Foundation’s Cen- What’s uncalled: Eight House races and about 42 percent of homeless 12,000 votes ahead of David Kim ningham, with 97 percent of ter for Systems Innovation. Alaska didn’t start counting mail (First, Second, Third, 11th, 18th, Theo Sandfort, a professor at youths had been in foster care. with more than 98 percent of estimated votes counted. (Final ballots until this week, making it 19th, 22nd and 24th Districts) the Columbia University Vagelos Jamie Powlovich, executive di- impossible to call its Senate race estimated ballots counted. results have been delayed be- New York has been slow to even College of Physicians and Sur- rector of the nonprofit Coalition and at-large House race. Its • District 39: Young Kim, a Re- cause North Carolina will accept start counting mail ballots. As a geons, analyzed the findings of for Homeless Youth, attributed three electoral votes are also publican who lost in 2018, is absentee ballots that arrive result, even a couple of races the telephone survey, which was the homelessness rate to rejection uncalled, though the national leading Representative Gil Cis- through Nov. 12 as long as they that might not be close remain completed in late 2019. People from family and community mem- outcome is clear: Joseph R. neros, a Democrat, by over 4,000 were postmarked by Election uncalled simply because there ages 13 to 21 who were in foster bers, and a lack of secure housing. Biden Jr. is the president-elect. votes in a rematch with more Day.) Mr. Cunningham conceded are so many unreported votes. care answered questions about Surveys and plans were not Republican incumbents are than 98 percent of estimated on Tuesday, but The Times has their gender, sexual orientation, enough, she said, and L.G.B.T.Q. ahead in both congressional ballots counted. • District 1: Representative Lee not officially called the race. demographics, experiences in the youths must be involved in deci- contests in Alaska with 61 per- Four House districts have Zeldin, a Republican, is very system and well-being. sion-making. cent of the estimated vote been called since Monday likely to beat his Democratic Nearly 2,400 people were con- “I’ve never worked with a counted: Senator Dan Sullivan evening: challenger, Nancy Goroff, whom Texas tacted, and 659 responded. About young person who didn’t know over Al Gross, and Representa- he is leading by more than 20 District 4: Representative Tom All races now called 34 percent of the respondents said some really great answers,” she tive Don Young over Alyse McClintock, a Republican, de- points. But the race hasn’t been they were L.G.B.T.Q. said. “It’s just that most people Galvin. Many Democrats voted feated Brynne Kennedy, a Demo- called because only 77 percent of Texas’ last House race, in the While some children are placed don’t listen to them.” by mail, and while it’s unlikely crat. estimated ballots have been 24th Congressional District, was into foster care because of abuse, Andrés, a 19-year-old living in a that the results will flip, it is District 8: The Republican Jay counted. called on Tuesday for Beth Van neglect or poverty, many foster home in the Bronx, knows mathematically possible. Obernolte won over Christine • District 2: The Republican Duyne, a Republican, over Can- L.G.B.T.Q. teenagers enter the the feeling of not being heard, It’s not clear how long it will Bubser, a Democrat. candidate, Andrew Garbarino, is dace Valenzuela, a Democrat system after their families reject wishing the city’s child welfare take to count everything, but the District 42: Representative Ken more than 15 points ahead of who would have been the first them. agency had acted sooner to re- state’s target date for formally Calvert, a Republican, defeated Jackie Gordon, a Democrat, but Afro-Latina in Congress if Jonathan DeJesus, the 21-year- move him from his parents’ apart- certifying the results is Nov. 25. Liam O’Mara, a Democrat. only 78 percent of estimated elected. old man who said he no longer ment. District 48: Michelle Steel, a ballots have been counted. speaks to his parents, dreams of Four years ago, Andrés, who becoming a public speaker and did not want his surname used, Republican, unseated Represent- • District 3: Representative Arizona ative Harley Rouda, a Democrat. Thomas Suozzi, a Democrat, is Utah advocate for young people like came out as transgender. That him. A transgender man, Mr. De- kick-started family therapy, an in- What’s uncalled: Presidential race expected to be re-elected once What’s uncalled: One House race the remaining 28 percent of Jesus said he was first placed in tervention by the agency in hopes Mr. Biden leads President Georgia (Fourth District) foster care when he was 12, after of keeping Andrés out of foster Trump in Arizona by about estimated ballots are counted, Representative Ben McAdams, a experiencing domestic violence at care. But he said his relationship 13,500 votes with 98 percent of What’s uncalled: Presidential race but at the moment he is narrowly behind his Republican Democrat whose victory in 2018 home. Despite family therapy, with his parents could not be re- estimated ballots counted, Mr. Biden is ahead in Georgia by friction continued to sour once he paired. though the race is over nation- challenger, George Santos. was one of the biggest upsets of about 14,000 votes with more the midterm elections, is nar- identified as a lesbian. “I’m not making any compro- ally and Arizona’s 11 electoral • District 11: Nicole Malliotakis, than 98 percent of estimated rowly trailing his Republican “I started to dress masculine mises,” he said, “because I’m not votes won’t change the result. ballots counted. State officials a Republican, is ahead of Repre- challenger, Burgess Owens. Mr. and everything, so it was just defi- going to compromise myself for The state’s last House race have said they expect the results sentative Max Rose, a first-term nitely out of the question for someone else.” Owens is ahead by half a per- was called on Tuesday: Repre- to be close enough for a recount. Democrat, by double digits with them,” he said, referring to his During a visit to Colombia, he centage point in Utah’s Fourth sentative Tom O’Halleran, a Nationally, though, Mr. Biden 85 percent of estimated votes parents. said, his mother forced him to par- Congressional District with more Democrat, beat his Republican already has more than 270 elec- reported. His first placement, at a resi- ticipate in what he described as an than 98 percent of estimated challenger, Tiffany Shedd, in the toral votes, and the outcome in dential treatment center in West- exorcism to change his identity. • District 18: With 78 percent of votes counted. First Congressional District. Georgia will have no bearing on estimated votes reported, Repre- chester County, N.Y., was sup- “I’m locked in a concrete room the race. sentative Sean Patrick Maloney, posed to last a couple of months. with two men I’ve never met be- a Democrat, leads his Republi- Mr. DeJesus stayed for four years. fore in my life trying to pray the California can challenger, Chele Farley, by Washington His experience was similar to gay away,” he said. What’s uncalled: Four House races Illinois nearly three points. All races now called that of other L.G.B.T.Q. youths When he returned to New York, who lingered in residential care his two brothers continued to sup- (21st, 25th, 34th and 39th What’s uncalled: One House race • District 19: Representative Washington’s last House race and group homes. port him. Still, in the fall of 2015, he Districts) (14th District) Antonio Delgado, a first-term was called on Tuesday: Repre- Under the child welfare agen- found himself on the roof of his Democrat, is narrowly ahead of California is known for counting After trailing in early results, sentative Kim Schrier, a first- cy’s new plan, all staff members apartment building considering his Republican challenger, Kyle mail ballots slowly. Some of Representative Lauren Under- term Democrat, won re-election must attend two days of training. suicide. Van De Water, with 80 percent of these races will probably be wood, a first-term Democrat, has over her Republican challenger, The agency will also recruit foster The child welfare agency then estimated ballots counted. called in the next few days, but pulled narrowly ahead of her Jesse Jensen, in the Eighth Con- parents interested in caring for moved him from his home. Now, the closest ones could drag out Republican challenger, Jim • District 22: Former Represent- gressional District. L.G.B.T.Q. youths, and L.G.B.T.Q. he said, he is in a better place. THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A13

Transition in Washington Clinging Tight Trump Marshals Power of Government to Overturn His Election Defeat

From Page A1 “How can I say this tactfully?” Mr. Biden said. “It will not help the president’s legacy.” The standoff left the United States in the position of the kind of country whose weak democratic processes it often criticizes. Rather than congratulating Mr. Biden and inviting him to the White House, as his predecessors traditionally have done after an election changed party control, Mr. Trump has been marshaling his administration and pressuring his Republican allies into acting as if the outcome were still uncertain, either out of faint hope of actually overturning the results or at least creating a narrative to explain his loss. The president’s efforts to discredit with false claims both the election results and the incoming Biden administration is in many ways the culmination of four years of stocking the government with pliant appointees while undermining the credibility of other institutions in American life, including intelligence agencies, law enforcement authorities, the news media, technology companies, the federal government more broadly and now election officials in states across four time zones. Throughout his presidency, Mr. Trump has tried to condition much of the American public not to believe anyone other than him, with evident success. Although the evidence shows there was no widespread conspiracy to steal the election in multiple states that Mr. Trump has invented, at least one poll showed that many sup- OLIVER CONTRERAS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES porters accept his claims. Seventy The White House after the election was called for Joseph R. Biden Jr. on Saturday. As the world has moved to accept the result, President Trump remains defiant. percent of Republicans surveyed by Politico and Morning Consult Mr. Biden said he was not Mr. Pompeo can often be sar- “Nothing in the history of America gion” and referred to former Pres- auguration in March 1933. said they did not believe the elec- overly concerned with the Trump castic, particularly when speak- worth achieving has ever come ident Barack Obama as a “terror- “But the point is Hoover, howev- tion was free and fair. administration’s refusal to pro- ing to reporters, but the State De- easy.” ist leader,” withdrew from consider embittered he was over F.D.R.’s “What we have seen in the last vide transition money, offices and partment made no effort to clarify Other envoys echoed the presi- eration for the top Pentagon pol- unwillingness to cooperate, as he week from the president more access to agencies, insisting he if he was joking. Asked later on dent’s allegations of voter fraud. icy job in August amid opposition defined the term, shared the same closely resembles the tactics of could assemble a government by Fox News if he was serious, he did “Please don’t disenfranchise me from both Republican and Demo- car, just as he had welcomed the the kind of authoritarian leaders his Jan. 20 inauguration. “We are not say. “We will have a smooth and my fellow voters in order to cratic senators. The president Roosevelts for the ritualistic pre- we follow,” said Michael J. Abram- going to be moving along in a con- transition,” he said. “And we will win at all costs,” Carla Sands, the also installed Kashyap Patel, a for- inaugural tea the night before,” owitz, the president of Freedom sistent manner, putting together see what the people ultimately de- ambassador to Denmark, said on mer aide to Representative Devin Mr. Smith said. “They might de- House, a nonprofit organization our administration, White House,” cided, when all the votes have her personal Twitter page. By way Nunes, Republican of California, spise one another, but their per- that tracks democracy around the he said. been cast.” of evidence, she posted a screen- who played a key role in helping sonal animosity was outweighed world. Mr. Biden agreed that it would His comments provoked a back- shot of a State Department web- Republicans try to undermine the by their commitment to the demo- Mr. Abramowitz doubted there be helpful to have access to classi- lash from career diplomats, in- site that could not track her absen- Russia investigation, as chief of cratic process.” was much danger of Mr. Trump fied information like the presiden- cluding criticism of his glib tone tee ballot. staff to the new acting defense The parallel often cited is when overturning the election. “But by tial daily briefing, something an and outright concerns that the “Secretary Pompeo shouldn’t secretary, Christopher Miller, Vice President Al Gore pushed for convincing a large part of the pop- outgoing administration usually Trump administration would try play along with baseless and dan- adding alarm at the Pentagon recounts in Florida in 2000 to ulation that there was widespread provides. But he added, “The fact to steal the election. But Mr. gerous attacks on the legitimacy over moves to stock the depart- overcome a slim lead by his Re- fraud, he is seeding a myth that ment leadership with loyalists. that they are not willing to ac- Trump congratulated him later on of last week’s election,” said Rep- publican opponent, Gov. George could endure for years and con- knowledge that we won at this Twitter: “That’s why Mike was resentative Eliot L. Engel, Demo- Mr. Trump’s allies said the pres- W. Bush of Texas. But Mr. Gore tribute to an erosion of public con- point is not of much consequence number one in his class at West crat of New York and the chair- ident was justified in fighting the was not the incumbent, and Presi- fidence in our electoral system,” to our planning.” Point!” man of the House Foreign Affairs election results even if he was not dent Bill Clinton did not direct the he said. In a testy exchange with jour- The delay in acknowledging the Committee. successful, citing what they deem administration to intervene, al- Mr. Biden has proceeded with- nalists at the State Department, results has left American embas- In extending his purge of the illegitimate court decisions ex- though it did withhold transition out waiting for Mr. Trump’s con- Mr. Pompeo insisted that Ameri- sies in limbo. At least some em- Pentagon on Tuesday, Mr. Trump panding mail-in voting. resources from Mr. Bush until the cession and spoke on Tuesday can efforts to prevent voter intimi- bassy officials have been told to replaced three more policy offi- “In light of the Pennsylvania’s with the leaders of Britain, dation and ensure free and fair steer clear of any efforts to help cials with loyalists. Some Defense Supreme Court’s unconstitutional fight was resolved. France, Germany and Ireland. elections around the world were Mr. Biden with foreign leaders Department officials worried that de facto legislation enacted In Florida, Mr. Gore had a plau- Most major world leaders have not diminished by Mr. Trump’s re- who want to congratulate him, as the replacements could be more through its rulings, along with the sible chance to change the out- congratulated him on his victory, fusal to concede. they normally would during a amenable to striking American coming 2022 U.S. Senate and gov- come of the election, given that he including close Trump allies like “We must count every legal transition. Diplomats said they adversaries than their predeces- ernor races, the Trump cam- was down by only 327 votes in a Prime Minister Benjamin Netan- vote,” Mr. Pompeo said, adopting could not even begin enumerating sors were. paign’s litigation is essential for single state after the automatic yahu of Israel. President Recep the president’s language. “We the successes of the Trump ad- James Anderson, the acting un- Republicans to have a fair playing machine recount. Mr. Trump, by Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey, an- must make sure that any vote that ministration for fear of describing der secretary of defense for policy field in the long term no matter the contrast, is behind by tens of thou- other Trump favorite, joined the wasn’t lawful ought not be it in the past tense. who was at odds with the White short term result,” Sam Nunberg, sands of votes in multiple states chorus on Tuesday. The major counted.” Some ambassadors sought to House, stepped down and was ef- an adviser to Mr. Trump’s 2016 that would have to switch. holdouts remained Presidents He snapped when asked if Mr. straddle the line of neutrality even fectively replaced by Anthony campaign, said by email. “The big difference,” Ms. Vladimir V. Putin of Russia and Xi Trump’s delaying tactics under- as they pointedly did not recog- Tata, who became “the senior offi- Richard Norton Smith, who Brazile said, “is this feels like a Jinping of China. mined the State Department’s ef- nize Mr. Biden as the victor. “It’s cial performing the duties of the wrote a biography of Herbert Hoo- major P.R. campaign being waged forts to pressure political leaders been a hard fought race that has under secretary of defense for pol- ver and is writing one on Gerald R. in the courts to sully the voters Reporting was contributed by Mi- abroad to accept losing results. shown us the American spirit of icy,” as the announcement put it. Ford, two of the nine, recalled where Trump lost or underper- chael D. Shear from Wilmington, “That’s ridiculous and you know both grit and resilience,” Robert Mr. Tata, a retired Army one- Hoover’s anger at the man who formed versus shaping a much Del., and Helene Cooper and Alan it’s ridiculous, and you asked it be- “Woody” Johnson, the ambassa- star general who has called Islam beat him, Franklin D. Roosevelt, larger narrative that this election Rappeport from Washington. cause it’s ridiculous,” he said. dor to Britain, said on Twitter. “the most oppressive violent reli- and their frosty car ride to the in- was so-called rigged.”

Senator Mitch McConnell, the G.O.P. Gives Trump a Pass on Conceding majority leader, said President Trump was “100 percent By CATIE EDMONDSON members are willing to speak up this period and we’ll swear in the within his rights” to challenge WASHINGTON — Since Presi- — and would it matter to him? winner” in January, he said, “just the outcome of the election. dent Trump was elected, his rela- Would he listen?” said William S. like we have every four years.” Cohen, a former senator and Far from trying to influence the tionships with Republican law- gain House seats this year after makers on Capitol Hill have House member from Maine who president’s thinking, most Repub- was one of the first Republicans to licans have gone out of their way Democrats’ impeachment of Mr. mostly fallen into one of two cate- Trump. “So what is the lesson for gories: the unbreakable bond break from his party and support to avoid seeming to dictate what the impeachment of President he should do. politicos? The lesson is not to run with his most ardent followers, away from Trump.” who defend him at all costs, and Richard M. Nixon. “Trump does- In an extensive statement on n’t care a whit about the House or Tuesday, Senator Rob Portman of Still, some Republicans have ar- the tenuous, strained alliance gued that it is crucial to push back with the rest, who share his Senate, and he rules by fear. He Ohio refrained from recognizing still can inflame his supporters — in a measured way against the agenda but often cringe privately Mr. Biden’s victory and argued there are 70 million out there. He president’s unsubstantiated at his language and tactics. that Mr. Trump “has every right to still carries that fear factor.” insist that all legally cast ballots claims of widespread voter fraud. Neither group is particularly By Tuesday, a club of only a few are counted.” On Monday, 31 former Republi- well suited for the chore of trying Republican senators known for But in an indication of how care- can members of Congress de- to persuade Mr. Trump, who re- AL DRAGO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES their distaste for Mr. Trump — fully some Republicans are tread- nounced Mr. Trump’s allegations fuses to concede the election, that Mitt Romney of Utah, Ben Sasse ing amid the president’s outland- in an open letter that called on him it is time to step aside — or at the “an embarrassment, quite cans whose leader got 71 million of Nebraska, Susan Collins of ish accusations, Mr. Portman add- frankly.” votes, the most by any Republican to accept the election results. very least, to stop spreading “We believe the statements by Maine and Lisa Murkowski of ed, “At the same time, the Trump “I haven’t had a chance to speak standard-bearer ever, to simply claims about the integrity of the President Trump alleging fraud in Alaska — had acknowledged Mr. campaign has an obligation to to Mitch,” he said of Mr. McCon- just turn their backs on him,” Mr. nation’s elections that are con- the election are efforts to under- Biden’s victory. come forward with evidence to nell, with whom he has a decades- Naftali said. “The issue is now not trary to considerable evidence. mine the legitimacy of the election In times past, lawmakers might support any allegations of election long relationship. “My expecta- so much Trump as loyalty to And there is little chance that Mr. and are unacceptable,” wrote the have marched down to the White fraud.” tion is that I will in the not-too-dis- Trumpism. And I think that’s why Trump, who has been perplexed group, led by former Representa- House to level with the president Some of Mr. Trump’s acolytes, tant future. The whole G.O.P. has you see the contortions now. If and sometimes enraged by the of their own party about political on the other hand, have rushed to tive Tom Coleman of Missouri. Republican institutionalists who been put in a position, with a few you’re a Republican and you get “Every vote should be counted reality. Instead, Vice President advance his baseless theories of notable exceptions, of being this wrong, you’re going to be pri- might normally be expected to Mike Pence went up to Capitol Hill and the final outcome accepted by fraud. Senators Kelly Loeffler and mildly intimidated by the sitting maried out.” play such a role, would listen if on Tuesday and kept Mr. Trump’s David Perdue of Georgia, both of the participants because public president.” There is a more immediate con- they did. false narrative alive, telling Re- whom are facing runoff elections confidence in the outcome of our In 1974, as Mr. Nixon faced the cern for the party, too. With Mr. The dynamic helps explain why, publican senators over lunch that in January, demanded the resig- elections is a bedrock of our de- days after President-elect Joseph he and the president would keep nation of their state’s top election Watergate scandal and the strong Perdue and Ms. Loeffler facing mocracy.” R. Biden Jr. was declared the win- fighting the election results and official, a fellow Republican, after likelihood of impeachment and elections whose outcomes are Barbara Comstock, a Republi- ner of the election, even Senator detailing the legal moves they he said there was no evidence of conviction, a cadre of powerful Re- likely to determine control of the can former House member from Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the were taking in states around the widespread fraud in the state’s publican lawmakers went to the Senate, Republicans are reluctant Virginia who signed the letter, said majority leader, was unwilling to country to challenge the outcome. elections. White House and one by one, to do anything to dampen the en- she did so because skeptical vot- recognize the result. Instead, sen- Mr. McConnell, who is poised to Asked by a reporter if he had naming lawmakers in their own thusiasm of their conservative ers “have got to come to the un- ators have tiptoed around — or in be the top Republican in Washing- congratulated Mr. Biden on his party who were prepared to vote base. Any hint that leaders were derstanding and see that this isn’t some cases blindly run past — the ton during the coming Biden ad- victory, Senator Ron Johnson of to convict him, told him it was time prodding Mr. Trump to exit the real.” reality of Mr. Trump’s loss, and the ministration, continued to decline Wisconsin, replied that he had not. to go. The message was clear, and stage could provoke a Twitter Her former colleagues, Ms. lack of evidence to suggest wide- to recognize Mr. Biden’s victory “Nothing to congratulate him Mr. Nixon announced his resigna- rampage from the president that Comstock added, had largely spread election fraud could re- and played down Mr. Trump’s de- about,” Mr. Johnson said tersely. tion the next day. could turn his supporters against come to the conclusion privately verse that result. nial of his defeat and evidence- Mr. Biden, speaking at a news Expect no such reckoning for the party at a critical time. that Mr. Trump’s legal challenges “There is no bipartisanship to free claims of election fraud. conference in Wilmington, Del., Mr. Trump, said Timothy Naftali, “The Republican Party hemor- “aren’t going anywhere.” speak of, in terms of how many “I think we ought to quit all the brushed off the chilly response he the founding director of the Rich- rhaged seats in 1974 after Water- “Their facade is crumbling,” she hand-wringing and not act like had received so far from congres- ard Nixon Presidential Library gate, after the near-impeachment said. “It’s inevitably going where Luke Broadwater, Emily Cochrane this is extraordinary,” Mr. McCon- sional Republicans — but not be- and Museum and a professor at of a Republican president,” Mr. it’s going. We’ve just got to re- and Nicholas Fandos contributed nell told reporters after the lunch- fore working in a jab at the presi- New York University. Naftali said, while Republican sponsibly explain to people why reporting. eon. “We’re going to get through dent, calling his refusal to concede “It’s very difficult for Republi- lawmakers appear on track to this isn’t true.” A14 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Transition in Washington The Vote

DISTORTIONS ‘This Is False’: What Went Wrong With Polling? Some Early Theories Margins of Victory Unlike the other theories How a Rumor presented here, this one can be Lessons Were Learned in 2016 Election, The polls were off in 2020 in almost the same ways they were off in 2016. proved false or true. States will Quickly Spread eventually update their voter But New Problems Might Have Come Up FINAL 2020 2020 POLLS 2020 registration files with a record of POLL AVG. WITH 2016 ERROR RESULT whether voters turned out in the By DAVEY ALBA By NATE COHN it clear that he didn’t. election. We’ll be able to see the On Monday evening and into United States† +8 Biden +6 Biden +5 Biden Asking for a polling post- Over all, the final national exact composition of the elector- Tuesday, a strain of false infor- surveys in 2020 showed Mr. ate by party registration, and mation that Democratic presi- mortem at this stage is a little bit like asking a coroner for the Trump leading by a margin of 58 New Hampshire +11 Biden +7 Biden +7 Biden we’ll also be able to see which of dential candidate Joseph R. cause of death while the body is percent to 37 percent among our respondents voted. Perhaps Biden Jr. had lost Pennsylvania still at the crime scene. You’re white voters without a degree. In Mr. Trump’s supporters were and his president-elect status Wisconsin +10 Biden +4 Biden <1 Biden going to have to wait to conduct a 2016, they showed Mr. Trump likelier to follow through. We began to surge. full autopsy. ahead by far more, 59-30. The might start to get data from High-profile right-wing per- But make no mistake: It’s not results by county suggest that Minnesota +10 Biden +4 Biden +7 Biden North Carolina and Georgia in sonalities like Pam Bondi, the too early to say that the polls’ Mr. Biden made few gains at all the next few weeks. Other states former Florida attorney general, systematic understatement of among white voters without a Michigan +8 Biden +4 Biden +3 Biden might take longer. and Rudy Giuliani, President President Trump’s support was degree nationwide, and even did Trump’s personal lawyer, helped very similar to the polling misfire worse than Mrs. Clinton’s 2016 The pandemic hurt the polls. Nevada +6 Biden +8 Biden +3 Biden set the rumor in motion on Mon- of four years ago, and might have showing in many critical states. Remember those Times/Siena day when they tweeted, incor- exceeded it. In contrast, the 2016 polls did polls from October 2019 that rectly, that the political news site For now, there is no easy ex- show the decisive and sharp shift Pennsylvania† +5 Biden <1 Biden +1 Biden showed Mr. Biden narrowly Real Clear Politics had “re- cuse. After 2016, pollsters arrived among white voters without a leading Mr. Trump? They turned scinded” its call that Mr. Biden degree, but underestimated its out to be very close to the actual at plausible explanations for why Nebraska 2* +5 Biden +9 Biden +7 Biden was projected to win Pennsylva- surveys had systematically un- effect in many states because result, at least outside of Florida. nia. derestimated Mr. Trump in the they underestimated the size of They were certainly closer than The falsehood was then picked battleground states. One was that the group. Many state polls Maine 2* +3 Biden +9 Trump +7 Trump the Times/Siena polls conducted up and posted to YouTube by a state polls didn’t properly weight showed college graduates repre- since. It wasn’t just the Times/Siena verified account, The Next News respondents without a college senting half of the likely elector- Arizona +3 Biden +1 Biden <1 Biden Network; it gained nearly degree. Another was that there ate in 2016, compared with about polls that were closer to the mark 900,000 views in just 12 hours, were factors beyond the scope of 35 percent in census estimates. further ahead of the election. Florida +2 Biden <1 Biden +3 Trump largely driven by shares on polling, like the large number of The poll results among seniors Results from pollsters in Febru- Facebook. Data from the Face- undecided voters who appeared are another symptom of a deeper ary and March look just about book-owned social media analyt- to break sharply to Mr. Trump in failure in this year’s polling. North Carolina +2 Biden +3 Trump +1 Trump dead-on in retrospect, with Mr. ics tool CrowdTangle suggests the final stretch. Unlike in 2016, surveys consis- Biden leading by about six points tently showed Mr. Biden winning among registered voters nation- that 97 percent of Facebook likes This year, there seemed to be Georgia +2 Biden <1 Biden <1 Biden and shares happened in private less cause for concern: In 2020, by comfortable margins among wide, with a very narrow lead in Facebook groups. On Google, most state polls weighted by voters 65 and over. The final the “blue wall” states, including a search interest in “Biden loses education, and there were far NBC/WSJ poll showed Mr. Biden Ohio <1 Trump +6 Trump +8 Trump tied race in Wisconsin. Pennsylvania” jumped 1,150 fewer undecided voters. up 23 points among the group; One possibility is that the polls were just as poor in October 2019 percent in a little over an hour, But in the end, the polling error the final Times/Siena poll Iowa +1 Trump +5 Trump +8 Trump as in October 2020. If so, Mr. peaking at 8:52 p.m., according in states was virtually identical to showed him up by 10. In the final Trump actually held a clear lead to data from Google Trends. the miss from 2016, despite the account, there will be no reason to believe any of it was real. Texas +2 Trump +4 Trump +6 Trump during the winter. Maybe. An- “This is false,” Tom Bevan, steps taken to fix things. The This is a deeper kind of error other possibility is that the polls president and co-founder of Real Upshot’s handy “If the polls were than ones from 2016. It suggests got worse over the last year. And Clear Politics, tweeted in re- as wrong as they were in 2016” † These reﬂect Times estimates of the ﬁnal vote margin once all votes are counted. a fundamental mismeasurement something really big did happen sponse to the slew of misinfor- chart turned out to be more use- *In Maine and Nebraska, two electoral votes are apportioned to the winner of the state popular of the attitudes of a large demo- vote, and the rest of the votes are given to the winner of the popular vote in each congressional in American life over that time: mation. “We never called Penn- ful than expected, and it nailed district. (Maine has two congressional districts, and Nebraska has three.) Poll error in 2016 is Joe Biden’s one-point-or-less graphic group, not just an under- the coronavirus pandemic. sylvania, and nothing has calculated using averages of state polls conducted within one week of Election Day. “The basic story is that after leads in Pennsylvania, Georgia estimate of its share of the elec- THE NEW YORK TIMES changed.” torate. Put differently, the under- lockdown, Democrats just started The false narrative follows and Arizona. The national polls were even lying raw survey data got worse moms” now excited to take a poll taking surveys, because they other surging falsehoods during over the last four years, cancel- while they put Rachel Maddow were locked at home and didn’t election week. From Nov. 3 to worse than they were four years ago, when the industry’s most ing out the changes that pollsters on mute in the background? Like have anything else to do,” said Nov. 9, unfounded story lines made to address what went The Upshot provides news, most of the other theories David Shor, a Democratic pollster about widespread voter fraud highly respected and rigorous survey houses generally found wrong in 2016. analysis and graphics about presented here, there’s no hard who worked for the Obama cam- and ineligible ballots spread It helps explain why the na- politics, policy and everyday life. evidence for it — but it does fit paign in 2012. “Nearly all of the across Facebook, Twitter and Hillary Clinton leading by four points or less — close to her tional surveys were worse than nytimes.com/upshot with some well-established facts national polling error can be YouTube as votes were tallied in 2.1-point popular-vote victory. in 2016; they did weight by edu- about propensity to respond to explained by the post-Covid jump the swing states of Arizona, This year, Mr. Biden is on track to cation four years ago and have surveys. in response rates among Dems,” Michigan and Georgia. On Elec- win the national vote by around made few to no changes since. It his term, Mr. Trump might have he said. tion Day, more misinformation five percentage points; no major also helps explain why the error made gains among the kinds of The turnout hurt the polls. Politi- Circumstantial evidence is about allegations of fraud or national live-interview telephone is so tightly correlated with what voters who would be less likely to cal pollsters have often assumed consistent with that theory. We election-stealing focused on survey showed him leading by happened in 2016: It focuses on respond to surveys, and might that higher turnout makes polling know that the virus had an effect Pennsylvania than any other less than eight percentage points the same demographic group, have lost additional ground easier, since it means that there’s on the polls: Pollsters giddily state, according to misinforma- over the final month of the race. even if the underlying source of among voters who would be less uncertainty about the com- reported an increase in response tion researchers. The New York Times/Siena the error among the group is more likely to respond to sur- position of the electorate. Maybe rates. High-powered studies Bill Russo, a spokesman for College polls were also less accu- quite different. veys. College education, of that’s not how it worked out. showed Mr. Biden gaining in the Biden campaign, tweeted late rate than they were in 2018 or Polling clearly has some seri- course, is only a proxy for the Heading into the election, coronavirus hot spots, seeming to Monday night that the wide- four years ago. In 2016, the last ous challenges. The industry has traits that predict whether some- many surveys showed something confirm the assumption that the spread election misinformation two Times/Siena polls were always relied on statistical ad- one might back Mr. Trump or unusual: Democrats faring better pandemic was hurting the presi- would create big problems for among a very small group of justments to ensure that each respond to a poll. There are other among likely voters than among dent. the country. polls to show Mr. Trump tied or group, like white voters without a proxies as well, like whether you registered voters. Usually, Re- But if Mr. Shor is right, the ahead in Florida and North Car- degree, represents its proper trust your neighbor; volunteer publicans hold the turnout edge. studies weren’t showing a shift in If you thought disinformation on olina. This time, nearly all of the share of the sample. But this your time; are politically en- Take Pennsylvania. The final the attitudes of voters in hot Facebook was a problem during Times/Siena surveys overesti- helps only if the respondents you gaged. CNN/SSRS poll of the state spots; rather, it was a shift in the our election, just wait until you reach are representative of those Another proxy is turnout: showed Mr. Biden up by 10 points tendency for supporters of Mr. see how it is shredding the fabric mated Mr. Biden to about the same extent as other surveys. you don’t. In 2016, they seemed to People who vote are likelier to among likely voters, but by just Biden to respond to surveys. of our democracy in the days be representative enough for take political surveys. The five among registered voters. Adding to the intrigue: There after. Look at what has happened In the months ahead, troves of many purposes. In 2020, they Times/Siena surveys go to great Monmouth showed Mr. Biden up is no evidence that the president in just the past week. data will help add context to exactly what happened in this were not. lengths to reach nonvoters, which by seven among likely voters in a fared worse in coronavirus hot Bill Russo election, like final turnout data, So how did the polls get worse was a major reason our surveys “high-turnout” scenario (which it spots, contrary to the expecta- @BillR the results by precinct, and up- over the last four years? This is were more favorable for the ended up being), but by five tions of pundits or studies. In- dated records of which voters mainly speculation, but consider president than others in 2016. In points among registered voters. stead, Mr. Trump fared slightly turned out or stayed home. All of just a few possibilities: 2020, the nonvoters reached by Marist? It had a lead of six points better in places with high corona- “If you thought disinformation this data can be appended to our The Times were generally more among likely voters and five virus cases than in places with on Facebook was a problem polling, to nail down where the The president (and the polls) hurt favorable for Mr. Biden than points among registered voters. lower coronavirus cases, control- during our election,” he said, polls were off most and help point the polls. There was no real indi- those with a track record of turn- The ABC/Washington Post ling for demographics, based on “just wait until you see how it is toward why. But for now, it’s still cation of a “hidden Trump” vote ing out in recent elections. It’s showed a seven-point lead for Mr. the preliminary results by county shredding the fabric of our de- too soon for a confident answer. in 2016. But maybe there was one possible that, in the end, the final Biden among likely voters and a so far. This is most obviously true in Wisconsin, one of the nation’s mocracy in the days after.” In the broadest sense, there are in 2020. For years, the president data will suggest that Mr. Trump four-point lead among registered attacked the news media and current hot spots and the battle- The surge of misinformation two ways to interpret the repeat did a better job of turning out voters. polling, among other institutions. It’s still too soon to say ground state where the polls that calling Pennsylvania for Mr. of 2016’s polling error. One is that nonvoters who backed him. But The polls themselves lost quite a it’s also possible that we reached whether Republican turnout beat underestimated Mr. Trump the Biden had been “rescinded” pollsters were entirely wrong bit of credibility in 2016. the wrong low-turnout voters. Democratic turnout, but it sure most. The final polls in Wisconsin emerged despite stronger poli- about what happened in 2016. As It’s hard not to wonder seems possible. In Florida, the — including the final Times/ cies against false election infor- a result, the steps they took to whether the president’s support- The resistance hurt the polls. It’s one state where we do have hard Siena poll — showed Mr. Biden mation at Facebook, Twitter and address it left them no better off. ers became less likely to respond well established that politically turnout data, registered Republi- gaining in the state, even as polls YouTube. In the past week, the Another is that survey research has gotten even more challenging to surveys as their skepticism of engaged voters are likelier to cans outnumbered registered elsewhere showed Mr. Trump companies have aggressively institutions mounted, leaving the respond to political surveys, and Democrats by about two percent- making gains. labeled misleading content on since 2016, and whatever steps pollsters took to improve after polls in a worse spot than they it’s clear that the election of age points among those who their platforms. Last Thursday, were four years ago. President Trump led to a surge of actually voted, even though Don’t forget the Hispanic vote. Facebook even removed a group 2016 were canceled out by a new set of problems. “We now have to take seriously political engagement on the left. Democrats outnumber Republi- There’s one state in particular called “Stop The Steal” because some version of the Shy Trump Millions attended the Women’s cans among registered voters by where the polls were much worse it had organized around the Of these two, the latter inter- pretation — real improvements hypothesis,” said Patrick Ruffini, March or took part in Black Lives about 1.5 points in the state. in 2020 than in 2016: Florida, delegitimization of the election a Republican pollster for Echelon Matter protests. Progressive Here, there is no doubt that the where Mr. Trump made huge process, violating Facebook’s canceled out by new challenges — may make the most sense. Insights. It would be a “problem activists donated enormous sums turnout was better for the presi- gains among Hispanic voters. rules. “I think our polls would have of the polls simply not reaching and turned out in record num- dent than the polls suggested, What happened in Miami-Dade On Tuesday, the platforms had been even worse this year had we large elements of the Trump bers for special elections that whether they’re private polls or County was stunning. Mr. Biden labeled many of the posts con- employed a pre-2016 methodolo- coalition, which is causing them would have never earned serious the final Times/Siena poll — won by just seven points in a taining false information about gy,” said Nick Gourevitch of to underestimate Republicans national attention in a different which showed registered Repub- county where Mrs. Clinton won Mr. Biden “losing” Pennsylvania. Global Strategy Group, a Demo- across the board when he’s on the era. licans with an edge of 0.7 points. by 29 points. But they have continued to cratic polling firm that took steps ballot.” This surge of political partici- If Mr. Trump fared better Most polls probably weren’t spread. to better represent Mr. Trump’s (This is different from the pation might have also meant among likely voters than among even in the ballpark. The final YouTube said the viral video supporters. “These things helped typical Shy Trump theory that that the resistance became likeli- registered voters in Pennsylva- Times/Siena poll of Florida flagged by The Times had been make our data more conserva- Trump supporters don’t tell poll- er to respond to political surveys, nia, a fundamental misfire on the showed Mr. Biden with a 55-33 labeled but does not violate its tive, though clearly they were not sters the truth.) controlling for their demographic estimate of turnout could very lead among Hispanic voters. In deceptive practices policy, which enough on their own to solve the A related possibility: During characteristics. Are the “MSNBC quickly explain some of the miss. the final account, Mr. Biden may prohibits misleading viewers problem.” barely win the Hispanic vote in about how to vote but doesn’t The explanation for 2016’s the state. ban expressing views on an polling error, while not necessar- Many national surveys don’t election’s outcome. Twitter ap- ily complete or definitive, was not release results for Hispanic vot- plied labels to individual tweets contrived. Many state pollsters ers because any given survey and said it would continue to badly underrepresented the usually has only a small sample label tweets on the integrity of number of voters without a col- of the group. It will be some time the election process. Facebook lege degree, who backed Mr. until the major pollsters post did not immediately respond to a Trump in huge numbers. The their results to the Roper Center, request for comment. pollsters went back to their data a repository of detailed polling Nina Jankowicz, a disinforma- after 2016, and found that they data. Then we’ll be able to dig in tion analyst at the Wilson Center, would have been much closer to and see exactly what the national a nonpartisan think tank, said the election result if they had polls showed among this group. those questioning the election’s employed the standard education But if the Florida polls are any results framed their thinking as adjustments that national sur- indication, it’s at least possible supporting democracy. But, she veys have long used. An Upshot that national surveys missed Mr. said, they were truly only sup- analysis of national surveys Trump’s strength among His- porting President Trump and his found that failing to weight by panic voters. It seems entirely allies. education cost Mr. Trump about possible that the polls could have “It’s a detriment to our democ- four points in polling support — missed by 10 points among the racy, misleading the American enough to cover much of the 2016 group. If true, it would account for a modest but significant part people about the democratic polling error. Other pollsters had — maybe one-fourth — of the process and building distrust in similar findings. national polling error. our institutions that will linger But this time, education These are the initial guesses. long after this election cycle is weighting didn’t seem to help. Other theories will emerge. In concluded,” Ms. Jankowicz said. State and national polls consistently showed Mr. Biden faring time, to the extent they can be, far better than Mrs. Clinton did all of them will be put to the test. Times reporters chronicle and de- And then we’ll know more than among white voters without a CAMERON POLLACK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES bunk false and misleading infor- degree. Last week’s results made we do now, and can revisit this mation that is going viral online. Voting in Sullivan’s Island, S.C. Many polls again underestimated support for President Trump. question. THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A15

Transition in Washington The Aftermath Nationwide, Election Officials in Both Parties Say There Was No Fraud The tension over voting has From Page A1 been most palpable in Georgia. ant governor in Texas, Dan Pat- The Trump campaign and the two rick, announced a $1 million fund Republican senators have com- to reward reports of voter fraud. plained about transparency, Some states described small which Mr. Raffensperger, the sec- problems common to all elections, retary of state, called “laughable.” which they said they were ad- “We were literally putting re- dressing: a few instances of illegal leases of results up at a minimum or double voting, some technical hourly,” he said in a statement. “I glitches and some minor errors in and my office have been holding math. Officials in all states are daily or twice-daily briefings for conducting their own review of the press to walk them through all the voting — a standard compo- the numbers. So that particular nent of the certification process. charge is laughable.” Perhaps none of the Trump He added that while there were campaign’s claims received more likely small instances of fraud, he attention than an allegation made did not expect it to be significant over the weekend in Pennsylvania enough to affect the outcome. by Rudolph W. Giuliani, the presi- The absence of any major find- dent’s personal lawyer. On Satur- ings of fraud or irregularities, and day, Mr. Giuliani held a news con- the willingness of even Republi- ference in the parking lot of a Phil- can election officials to attest to adelphia landscaping company smooth operations, have also un- and claimed that the election in dercut Mr. Trump’s legal efforts. the city had been rife with fraud. In Michigan, the Trump cam- The office of the state’s top law paign has sued, saying that their enforcement official said that poll watchers were not given ac- there was no evidence to support cess to properly observe ballot Mr. Giuliani’s claims, and that the counting in Detroit. But election election in the state was “fair and officials in the city deny that, say- secure.” ing there were dozens of poll “Many of the claims against the watchers from both campaigns in- commonwealth have already side the main counting center been dismissed, and repeating there. these false attacks is reckless,” Last week, a judge denied a said Jacklin Rhoads, a spokes- Trump campaign bid to halt count- woman for Josh Shapiro, a Demo- ing based on complaints about ob- crat who is Pennsylvania’s attor- MARK MAKELA/REUTERS servers, dismissing key evidence ney general. “No active lawsuit Rudolph W. Giuliani, above, the president’s personal lawyer, as “vague” and as “hearsay.” even alleges, and no evidence made baseless claims about the election in Philadelphia. Gabriel The accusations of fraud from presented so far has shown, wide- Sterling, left, manages the voting system in Georgia, where the the president and his allies were spread problems.” noticeably absent from states What emerged in The Times’s secretary of state defended the transparency of the process. where Mr. Trump and his fellow reporting was how, beyond the Republicans did well. president, Republicans in many Harris was not charged with million. In the election’s after- In South Carolina, for instance, states were engaged in a wide- wrongdoing, and denied any role. math, he formed a voting fraud the Republican incumbent, Sena- spread effort to delegitimize the In the case of the 2020 election, commission that disbanded with tor Lindsey Graham, won rela- nation’s voting system. Mr. Biden’s margins in the blue no findings amid charges of se- tively easily over Jaime Harrison, Some Republicans have even wall states of Pennsylvania, Mich- crecy, bias and overreach. despite the fact that polls showed turned to lashing members of igan and Wisconsin are all in the Mr. Trump’s attack on the elec- a tight race there. The South Car- their own party who, in their eyes, tens of thousands. Even in Geor- tion system this year has relied on olina Election Board chairman did not show sufficient dedication gia, where Mr. Biden leads by either outright fabrication or John W. Wells said late Monday, “I to rooting out fraud. In Georgia, more than 11,000 votes, it would be gross exaggeration involving the have not heard of any” substan- where Mr. Biden is leading, the hard to uncover enough voting ir- sorts of small problems that typi- tive allegations of fraud in the two Republican senators, Kelly regularities to change who won. cally come up in elections. state, though he added he would Loeffler and David Perdue, both of ‘‘We have not seen any evi- In Ohio, for instance, Mr. await a final determination in the whom are in a runoff to gain re- dence of fraud or foul play in the LaRose said that while it was not certification and protest process. election, have called for the resig- Asked if Mr. Graham was con- MEGAN VARNER/GETTY IMAGES actual administration of the elec- unusual to discover a handful of nation of the Republican secre- tion,’’ said Jake Rollow, a spokes- improprieties in a statewide elec- cerned about results in his state, a tary of state, Brad Raffensperger. “investigations” or called for au- significant episode of election man for Jocelyn Benson, the Dem- tion, systemic fraud has not hap- spokesman said the senator has “The secretary of state has failed dits — which is redundant given fraud over the past several years ocratic secretary of state in Michi- pened. “discussed states where the mar- to deliver honest and transparent the certification work already un- involved an alleged effort to ma- gan. “What we have seen is that it “In the past, I’ve referred peo- gins are close” but invited South elections,” the senators said in a derway. Democrats say this is nipulate ballots to benefit a Re- was smooth, transparent, secure ple to local prosecutors and the at- Carolina voters to step forward statement. simply a way to undermine confi- publican candidate for Congress and accurate.’’ torney general for noncitizens with any “evidence of fraud or ir- In Washington, the losing Re- dence in the results. in North Carolina, Mark Harris, in Still, Mr. Trump has been fix- voting,” he said. “It’s like tens or regularities.” publican candidate for governor, On Monday, the Trump cam- 2018. The scheme forced a new ated on voter fraud since 2016, dozens of people, not hundreds. Mr. Graham, a close ally of Mr. Loren Culp, has disputed the Re- paign accelerated their legal ef- election and an operative who when he falsely claimed that vote There’s no acceptable level of vot- Trump, has taken up the presi- publican secretary of state’s de- forts, filing a lawsuit in the seven worked for Mr. Harris, L. McCrae stealing had cost him the popular er fraud and we take every one of dent’s cause. He asked the De- termination that the election there Pennsylvania counties where the Dowless, is under indictment. Mr. vote, which he lost by roughly 3 those cases seriously.” partment of Justice to investigate was free of fraud. The secretary of president lost that claimed mail claims made in an affidavit the state, Kim Wyman, has in turn voting created an unfair, “two- Trump campaign shared with him challenged Mr. Culp, trailing by tiered” system during the election from a Postal Service worker in roughly 14 percentage points in — though the system is also in Erie, Pa. The worker made allega- the results, to produce evidence. place in counties the president tions of impropriety at the local “It’s just throwing grass at the won. The campaign also an- postal branch based largely on a fence at this point,” she said in an nounced plans to file another suit conversation he said he over- interview. “See what sticks.” in Michigan. heard. Democrats have more fre- The president has kept up a bar- Late Tuesday, the credibility of quently been the target of criti- rage of Twitter posts with false that affidavit came into question cism. Last week, the Republican claims about improprieties in Ne- after the House Oversight Com- leadership of the Pennsylvania vada and Pennsylvania, predict- mittee reported on Twitter that state legislature called on Kathy ing he’d prevail in Georgia, where the worker recanted his story in Boockvar, the Democratic secre- he is behind, and said Wisconsin discussions with the Postal Serv- tary of state, to step down. In Wis- “needs a little time statutorily,” ice’s Office of Inspector General. consin, the Republican speaker of though he offered no explanation The worker later denied he re- the Assembly announced he for what he meant. canted in an online video. would form committees to investi- Nellie Gorbea, the Democratic One of the secretaries of state gate voter fraud in the wake of Mr. secretary of state in Rhode Island, who did not respond to requests Biden’s narrow victory in the said the amount of attention on for comment about the election in state, though there is no evidence the election would make illegal his state was Corey Stapleton of of any. Republican lawmakers in voting extremely difficult. “It Montana, a departing Republican. Michigan on Saturday voted to is- would be nearly impossible to do But Mr. Stapleton did post a mes- sue subpoenas for documents in voter fraud in this election be- sage implicitly addressing the search of “election irregularities.” cause of the number of people president’s ongoing fraud claims. Indeed, Republicans in all three tuned in,” she said. “I have supported you, Mr. “blue wall” states have initiated Voting fraud in the United President,” he wrote. “@realDon- States is extremely rare. The ir- aldTrump accomplished some in- Reporting was contributed by Mi- regularities that do occur are of- credible things during your time chael Wines, Mike Baker, Giulia ten inconsequential, isolated in in office! But that time is now McDonnell Nieto del Rio and Will nature, and unlikely to alter the MADDIE McGARVEY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES over! Tip your hat, bite your lip, Wright. outcome of an election. The most Frank LaRose, a Republican who is Ohio’s secretary of state, reported no serious irregularities. and congratulate @JoeBiden.” QAnon Believers, Adrift After Trump Loss, Search for Reassurance ‘Plan’ Is Valid

By KEVIN ROOSE more than three years, told them and become a vocal critic of Mr. platform companies to remove justment with something as large ty agency, called the theory “non- Last weekend, as jubilant Dem- to “trust the plan.” Watkins, said QAnon believers other sources of entertainment as losing the presidential elec- sense” and urged people not to fall ocrats danced in the streets to cel- But since Mr. Trump’s defeat, Q had bought into the idea that Mr. and leadership,” said Joan Dono- tion.” for it.) ebrate the election of Joseph R. Bi- has gone dark. No posts from the Trump was fully in control, even van, the research director of Har- Some QAnon watchers have None of the experts predicted den Jr. as the country’s 46th presi- account bearing Q’s tripcode, or as the polls showed he had a slim vard’s Shorenstein Center. speculated that during a Biden that QAnon would disappear, or dent, QAnon believers were on digital user name, have appeared chance of winning. Election Day was not a total loss presidency, some of the move- said those seduced by the theory their computers trying to make on 8kun, the website where all of “They were not expecting him for QAnon. Marjorie Taylor ment’s most prominent influenc- would magically snap out of it. In sense of it all. Q’s posts appear. And overall to lose, and they were not expect- Greene and Lauren Boebert, two ers would quietly peel off into ad- some ways, they said, the movement has outgrown its founding “Biden will NEVER be presi- QAnon-related activity on the site ing Fox News to call it,” he said. “It Republicans who have praised the jacent conspiracy theory commu- myths. dent,” wrote one QAnon believer, has slowed to a trickle. (On a re- was really psychologically dam- nities — stirring up fears about cent day, there were fewer new aging.” child sex trafficking as part of the “QAnon is about cultivating this still firmly stuck in the denial posts on one of 8kun’s QAnon Save Our Children movement, for way of knowing, by tying together stage of grief. Over the last few months, boards than on its board for adult- QAnon followers have been example, or sowing distrust in a all these stories and posts and cre- “Trump knows what he is do- diaper fetishists.) barred from most major social A poll finds seven out Covid-19 vaccine. ating a compelling narrative that ing,” wrote a member of a QAnon There are also signs of infight- media platforms, deflating the In some ways, QAnon believers offers an alternative to the main- forum, well on his way to bargain- of 10 Republicans ing among QAnon’s inner circle. movement’s momentum and de- are well positioned to help Mr. stream press,” Mr. Partin said. ing. “He is letting the Dems, tech- Ron Watkins, an 8kun administra- priving it of its most effective or- doubt the results. Trump recast himself as the vic- “That will persist, whether or not nocrats and media publicly hang tor who some believed was Q him- ganizing tools. Large Facebook tim of a Democratic coup. They Q is posting.” themselves.” self, announced on Election Day groups and YouTube channels are experienced and savvy con- So far, no plan has emerged for Some QAnon believers, howev- that he was stepping down from with hundreds of thousands of tent generators, with an appetite what QAnon believers will do er, were already inching toward the site, citing “extensive battles” subscribers disappeared conspiracy theory, won their for far-fetched conspiracy theo- when Mr. Trump’s presidency acceptance. over censorship and the site’s fu- overnight, and some of QAnon’s House elections and will be sworn ries and delayed gratification. does, in fact, come to an end, espe- “We’re losing,” one tweeted. ture. His father, Jim Watkins, a most prominent promoters have in next year. They are also part of a hyperparti- cially if Q is no longer there to “Not sure I trust the plan any- professed QAnon believer who been reduced to peddling conspir- But Mr. Trump, the central he- san audience accustomed to ques- steer them to a new theory. more. Not sure there even is a owns 8kun, has been singing acy theories on fringe websites. roic figure in QAnon’s fantasy, will tioning official narratives. A On a podcast on Friday, two plan.” hymns on his livestream and post- The crackdowns have hurt not. And without an enabler in the Morning Consult survey con- prominent QAnon influencers, These are trying times for being debunked claims about voter QAnon’s grifter class — the self- White House, it remains to be seen ducted over the weekend found known by their online handles lievers in QAnon, the baseless fraud, but has not given any indi- appointed leaders who make a liv- whether the movement’s days are that seven out of 10 Republicans InTheMatrixxx and Shady conspiracy theory that falsely cation of when Q might return. ing selling Q merchandise, writing numbered. now doubt that the 2020 election Groove, urged their fellow believ- claims the existence of a satanic Q’s sudden disappearance has QAnon-themed books and organ- “QAnon believers are used to was “free and fair.” ers not to give up hope. The elec- pedophile cult run by top Demo- been jarring for QAnon believers, izing offline Q events. But they having Q’s predictions not come Some QAnon believers are al- tion will be proven fraudulent, crats. For years, they had been as- who have come to depend on the also disconnected rank-and-file true,” said William Partin, a re- ready latching on to a bogus con- they agreed, and Q’s prediction of sured that Mr. Trump would win account’s posts, or “drops,” for up- believers from the communities search analyst at the nonprofit spiracy theory known as Opera- a Trump victory will look even re-election in a landslide and dates and reassurance. where they gathered to discuss Data & Society who has studied tion Hammer and Scorecard, more prescient in hindsight. spend his second term vanquish- “They feel really defeated by the news, decode the latest drops the QAnon movement. “Some- which falsely claims that a super- “We’re winning, folks,” InThe- ing the deep state and bringing the deep state, even if they’re not and plan for the future. times people get disappointed and computer and a software program Matrixxx said. the cabal’s leaders to justice. Q, admitting it in public,” said Fred- “QAnon believers were hoping quit. Others try to adjust the over- were used to change tabulated Shady Groove agreed. the pseudonymous message rick Brennan, the founder of for direction if Trump lost, and not all narrative to make the setback vote totals. (Christopher C. Krebs, “This is not what you thought board user whose cryptic posts 8chan, 8kun’s predecessor site. only are they unable to hook into part of some larger plan. But it’s the director of the Department of winning would look like,” he said. have fueled the movement for Mr. Brennan, who has left the site Q, there have also been moves by very difficult to do that kind of ad- Homeland Security’s cybersecuri- “But trust me.” A16 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Transition in Washington The Law Two Conservatives Join Liberals to Signal Likely Reprieve for Health Act ing conditions. From Page A1 Donald B. Verrilli Jr., who suc- ings sustaining key provisions of cessfully defended the law in 2012 the law. as solicitor general in the Obama Striking down the Affordable administration and appeared as a Care Act would expand the ranks lawyer for the House of Repre- of the uninsured in the United sentatives on Tuesday, said expe- States by about 21.1 million people rience had shown that the practi- — a nearly 70 percent increase — cal importance of the mandate according to new estimates from had been overstated. the Urban Institute. The health care law, he said, in- The biggest loss of coverage cluded both carrots, like subsi- would be among low-income dies, and the stick that was the adults who became eligible for mandate. “It’s turned out that the Medicaid under the law after all carrots worked without the stick,” but a dozen states expanded the he said. program to include them. But mil- The elimination of the law’s fi- lions of Americans would also lose nancial penalty for going without private insurance, including health insurance has indeed had young adults whom the law al- little effect on how many people lowed to stay on their parents’ signed up for coverage through plans until they turned 26 and the law’s marketplaces. Enroll- families whose income was mod- ment in the marketplaces has de- est enough to qualify for subsidies creased slightly since 2017, but it that help pay their monthly premi- has not shown any signs of a ums. “death spiral,” when only sick peo- In the decade since the enact- ple buy coverage and costs sky- ment of the health care law, Re- rockets as a result. publicans have worked hard to de- Whether the mandate was now stroy it, and President Trump has unconstitutional or not, Mr. Ver- repeatedly criticized it. But at- rilli said, the balance of the law tempts to repeal it failed, as did must stand. It was far-fetched, he two earlier Supreme Court chal- said, that Congress had intended lenges, in 2012 and 2015. With the to doom the law by adjusting a passing years, the law has gained monetary penalty as opposed to in popularity and been woven into repealing it outright. the fabric of the health care sys- “There were efforts to repeal tem in ways big and small. the entire A.C.A.,” Mr. Verrilli said,

President-elect Joseph R. Biden ANNA MONEYMAKER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES “Those efforts failed.” Jr. vowed Tuesday to preserve A protest favoring the Affordable Care Act on Tuesday at the Supreme Court, which is weighing a challenge brought by Republicans. Chief Justice Roberts said that and expand the law when he takes adjusting the penalty while leav- office on Jan. 20, and he assailed ing the rest of law in place was the arguments made in court by be justified as a tax. tion, argued that all of those provi- laws present no constitutional should survive if the mandate is telling. “It’s hard for you to argue lawyers for Republican officials They went on to argue that the sions should be ended as a conse- problems. As for the revised man- struck down. that Congress intended the entire and the Trump administration. mandate was a crucial feature of quence of the 2017 change to the date, he said, “it doesn’t require Justice Kagan noted what she act to fall if the mandate were Mr. Biden lashed out at what he the law, and so the entire law individual mandate. anybody to do anything.” said was a curious features of the struck down,” the chief justice told called “far-right ideologues” in should be thrown out. Those arguments were largely At Justice Barrett’s confirma- challengers’ argument. In 2012, Mr. Hawkins, “when the same the administration who had asked The challenge has largely suc- based on a decision in an earlier tion hearings last month, Demo- she said, the Supreme Court had Congress that lowered the penalty the court to strike down the law, ceeded in the lower courts. A fed- Supreme Court case, in 2012, cratic senators questioned her ruled that the mandate backed by to zero did not even try to repeal saying the effect of such a move eral judge in Texas ruled that the when the court upheld the law’s closely about critical statements a penalty was not an unconstitu- the rest of the act.” for millions of Americans would entire law was invalid, but he post- requirement that most Americans tional command. In 2017, she said, Justice Kavanaugh also said be severe. poned the effects of his ruling until obtain insurance or pay a penalty. the law became less coercive. that the whole law was not tied to Campaigning for president, Mr. the case could be appealed. In De- The vote was 5 to 4, with Chief Jus- “How does it make sense to say the fate of the mandate. “I tend to Biden said he wanted to strength- cember, the United States Court of tice Roberts writing the control- Both Kavanaugh and that what was not an unconstitu- agree with you,” he told Mr. Ver- en the law by offering a public op- Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, in ling opinion, which said the man- tional command before has be- rilli, “that it’s a very straightfor- tion that allows people to receive New Orleans, agreed that the date was authorized by Con- Roberts appear poised come an unconstitutional com- ward case for severability under coverage the way Medicare en- mandate was unconstitutional but gress’s power to assess taxes. He mand now, given the far lesser de- our precedents.” rollees do, through a system of declined to rule on the fate of the was joined by what was at the to uphold the A.C.A. gree of coercive force?” she The law’s defenders hoped that government-run insurance. Peo- remainder of the health law, ask- time the court’s four-member lib- asked. the Republican challengers could ple who would prefer to stay on ing the lower court to reconsider eral wing. Chief Justice Roberts noted that not run the table on three separate private insurance would be able to the question in more detail. Since the mandate no longer the mandate had in the earlier legal arguments they would need she had made about the two major do so. Officials in states led by Demo- raises revenue, said Kyle D. case been said to be “the key to the to win: that they have suffered the The new case, California v. crats instead asked the Supreme Hawkins, Texas’ solicitor general, Supreme Court decisions sustain- whole act.” Justice Thomas said sort of injury that gives them Texas, No. 19-840, was brought by Court to hear the case, saying the it cannot be justified as a tax and ing the law. At Tuesday’s argu- the court had been told that “this standing to sue; that the zeroing Republican officials who said the justices should act to resolve the was therefore unconstitutional. ment, she questioned the constitu- provision was the heart and soul out of the tax penalty made the in- mandate requiring insurance be- uncertainty created by the ap- In assessing the narrow ques- tionality of the mandate. of the Affordable Care Act.” dividual mandate unconstitution- came unconstitutional after Con- peals court’s ruling. tion of the constitutionality of the “Why can’t we say that when Indeed, when the earlier chal- al; and that the rest of the law can- gress in 2017 eliminated the pen- The law includes popular provi- revised mandate, the justices dis- Congress zeroed out the tax, it lenge to the health care law was not stand without the individual alty for failing to obtain health in- sions on guaranteed coverage for cussed hypothetical laws that was no longer a tax because it gen- argued in 2012, the Obama admin- mandate. surance because it could no longer pre-existing medical conditions, merely urged people to do things erated no revenue and, therefore, istration did say that the mandate Judging by the questioning on emergency care, prescription without penalizing them if they it could no longer be justified as a could not be severed from two re- Tuesday, in an argument that Abby Goodnough contributed re- drugs and maternity care. A law- disobeyed. taxing power?” she asked. lated provisions, one prohibiting lasted for two hours, the law’s de- porting from Washington, and Mi- yer for Texas and other Republi- Michael J. Mongan, California’s But Justice Barrett did not tip insurers from turning away appli- fenders seemed poised to prevail chael D. Shear from Wilmington, can-led states, supported by a solicitor general, said that without her hand on the more important cants and the other barring them on at least the third issue. A ruling Del. lawyer for the Trump administra- penalties for noncompliance, such issue of whether the rest of the law from taking account of pre-exist- is expected by June.

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Transition in Washington Allies and Supporters Black Voters Delivered for Biden. Now What?

From Page A1 Trump, despite being widely viewed as inflaming racial hatred, gained more Black voters than in 2016, especially among Black men, according to exit polls. In two dozen interviews, some African-American voters echoed a longstanding political concern that they were underappreciated, particularly within the Democrat- ic Party they have staunchly supported for decades. While Demo- crats always face high expectations to deliver for Black communities, the pressure on Mr. Biden, a POOL PHOTO BY IAN LANGSDON compromise-first moderate, may Emmanuel Macron, the French president, spoke with President- be even greater because of the re- elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. from Élysée Palace in Paris on Tuesday. cent summer of protests over police brutality and systemic racism, the racial makeup of his electoral coalition and his own past. In Congratulatory Calls, In this year’s presidential bid, Mr. Biden’s political identity was shaped largely by the fact that he served as the vice president to Hints of a Reordering Barack Obama, the country’s first African-American president. He Of Allies and Antagonists leveraged that experience to garner Black support, and it was CYDNI ELLEDGE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Black voters in South Carolina By MICHAEL CROWLEY Ms. Merkel is clearly delighted Kourtney Neloms of Detroit hoped Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s pledges to Black voters were sincere. who rescued his campaign during by Mr. Biden’s victory, after four WASHINGTON — President- the Democratic primary. years of Mr. Trump’s complaints elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. fielded He also addressed an issue that that Germany was taking advan- congratulatory calls from Euro- might have affected Black sup- tage of the United States economi- pean leaders on Tuesday, even as port, acknowledging that parts of cally and militarily. some of President Trump’s au- his signature legislation as a long- After Mr. Trump won the presi- thoritarian allies maintained a time Delaware senator, the 1994 dency in 2016, Ms. Merkel issued a conspicuous silence about the crime bill, were a mistake. Much statement pointedly reminding election that could foreshadow of his campaign pitch, too, cen- him that the United States and coming tensions with the Biden tered on addressing racial dispari- Germany were “connected by val- administration. ties, with the coronavirus pan- ues of democracy, freedom and re- Mr. Biden spoke on Tuesday demic disproportionately harm- spect for the law and the dignity of with President Emmanuel Ma- ing Black and Latino communi- man.” By contrast, she said she cron of France, Chancellor Angela ties, and incidents of police welcomed Mr. Biden’s victory Merkel of Germany, Prime Min- violence leading to one of the larg- “very warmly” with a statement ister Boris Johnson of Britain and est protest movements in the na- that notably dismissed any doubt Prime Minister Micheal Martin of tion’s history. Ireland. He offered the leaders about the outcome, declaring: “The American people have made Mr. Biden and Ms. Harris — the messages of support and coopera- first Black woman on a successful tion, his transition team said in a their decision.” Mr. Johnson, while in some presidential ticket — accumulated statement, including expressing huge margins over Mr. Trump in to Mr. Macron “his interest in rein- ways a populist fellow traveler of Mr. Trump’s, was also notably en- Detroit, Milwaukee, Philadelphia vigorating bilateral and trans-At- and Atlanta, cities with large or lantic ties, including through thusiastic in a tweet posted after his Tuesday talk with the presi- majority Black populations that NATO” and the European Union gave the president-elect a signifi- — institutions Mr. Trump has re- dent-elect, saying he looked forward to working with the incom- cant boost in tightly contested peatedly derided. swing states. The conversations offered a ing president on climate change, democracy promotion and, echo- Mr. Biden’s dramatic vow dur- clear reaffirmation of U.S.-Euro- ing his victory speech to return pean ties and a signal of a broader ing a Biden campaign slogan, “building back better” from the the favor for Black voters who so return to normalcy in foreign rela- ardently supported him was an tions ahead. Coupled with the con- coronavirus pandemic. According to the Biden transi- unusually explicit commitment to spicuous silence of more authori- African-Americans from an in- tarian leaders, they also provided tion team’s descriptions of the MERIDITH KOHUT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES calls, Mr. Biden and the Euro- coming president. Laura Rodríguez and Ariana Lyons, at a gay bar in Atlanta, watching Mr. Biden speak on Saturday. early hints of a reordering of “It does create a situation American allies and antagonists peans also discussed human rights, the conflicts in Ukraine where there is more pressure to back to their state before Mr. provide for the Black community,” Trump’s disruptive foreign policy and Syria, and Iran’s nuclear program — all areas in which they said Isaiah Thomas, a city council- sank trans-Atlantic relations to man in Philadelphia who is Black. their lowest point since World War largely disagree with Mr. Trump’s policies. “I don’t think that we can recreate II. this moment right here. So we Among those who have re- The descriptions also said Mr. Biden and Mr. Johnson spoke have to get as much as we can for mained silent are President Vladi- poor people and people of color.” mir V. Putin of Russia, President about “strengthening democra- During the campaign, Mr. Biden Jair Bolsonaro of Brazil and Presi- cy,” a core foreign policy theme of released an extensive policy dent Xi Jinping of China. After Mr. Biden’s campaign, in which he agenda that outlined his plan for days of quiet, Turkey’s president, pledged to defend and restore Black America. It included pro- Recep Tayyip Erdogan, finally democratic values around the posals to invest in Black busi- congratulated Mr. Biden on Tues- world under assault from many of nesses and entrepreneurs, create day, according to Turkish state the same leaders who have been opportunities for homeowner- media, days after most other allies silent or slow to acknowledge his ship, narrow racial disparities in of the North Atlantic Treaty Orga- victory. education and address a criminal nization had already done so. Those notably include Mr. justice system that disproportion- None of those authoritarian lead- Putin, whose spokesman said on ately arrests, convicts and impris- ers — with the possible exception Sunday that the Kremlin would ons members of Black communi- of Mr. Xi, whose calculations are “wait for an official announce- ties. unclear — welcome the prospect ment” before making any state- of a Biden presidency after years ment. China’s Foreign Ministry As he started his transition this of mostly friendly relations with has used similar language. week, Mr. Biden released a plan Mr. Trump. Ms. Farkas said that any con- that included a section on racial Mr. Biden’s conversations with gratulations for Mr. Biden’s vic- equity. Activists with the Move- European leaders — whose con- tory by Mr. Putin might be partic- ment for Black Lives coalition tents were described by the Biden ularly painful for Mr. Trump, who said on Tuesday that they sent a transition team in greater detail has spent years courting the Rus- letter to Mr. Biden asking to have than is typical of the Trump White sian leader’s favor and boasting a role in the transition, but that House — were also a stark con- about their relationship. “I do they have not heard back. trast to the first days after the 2016 think that if Putin were to ac- Not long after Mr. Biden’s election, when Mr. Trump seemed knowledge reality, it would be- speech on Saturday, Mr. Woolfolk, KRISTON JAE BETHEL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES to field visits and calls in haphaz- come more difficult for Trump to a centrist who described his vote Jaymes Savage of Philadelphia, a college student, expected Mr. Biden “to try to help us more now.” ard fashion. Japan’s prime min- ignore reality,” she said. not necessarily in favor of the new ister at the time, Shinzo Abe, Several Middle Eastern auto- president but instead in opposi- quickly flew to Trump Tower in crats who benefited from friendly tion to Mr. Trump, wrote an open Black members of Congress, criti- Although she voted for Mr. Bi- fight back.” mid-November to become the first relations with Mr. Trump also con- letter to Mr. Biden. He said the cized the use of such phrases. He den, Ms. Jones said she was not Jaymes Savage is far from be- foreign leader to meet Mr. Trump, gratulated Mr. Biden shortly after Democratic Party had not earned argued that they threatened to un- excited about him. Instead, she ing disillusioned. A 19-year-old a first for a Japanese leader, while he was declared the election win- his vote — or his loyalty. “Poli- dermine support for racial justice saw him as a continuation of past sophomore at Rutgers Univer- Mr. Trump took a call from the ner by major American news or- ticians,” he wrote on Facebook, movements and hurt Democrats Democrats, who seem more in- sity-Camden, he voted for the first president of Taiwan in what was a ganizations, reflecting his grow- “my vote is open for bid — what in elections. clined to try to placate voters in time this year and is excited about startling breach of diplomatic pro- ing lead in several state vote will you do for me and my kind Banika Jones, 41, who works in the middle, rather than push for what a Biden-Harris administra- tocol that infuriated Beijing. counts. They include President now that the election is over?” food service for the Detroit Public real change for African-Ameri- tion could mean for a Black man “He’s doing it in the right order, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi of Egypt, The father of three grown sons, Schools, said she wanted to see cans and other marginalized from Philadelphia like himself. He unlike Trump when he took of- Prince Mohammed bin Zayed of Mr. Woolfolk said he wanted po- reparations for Black people, a groups. is especially hopeful that Ms. Har- fice,” said Evelyn N. Farkas, a for- the United Arab Emirates and lice accountability without de- public option for health insurance, “The Democrats always say ris — whose father immigrated from Jamaica and mother immi- mer deputy assistant secretary of Crown Prince Mohammed bin funding departments and better a living wage for workers and the that they’re going to do some- grated from India — would be able defense for Russia, Ukraine and Salman of Saudi Arabia. Prime preparation for Black students elimination of student loan debt. thing,” she said. “They’re going to headed to college or trade school. to relate to the continued strug- Eurasia in the Obama administra- Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of “I want to see some actual, real make health care better. They’re Jean Brooks Murphy counted gles in his community. tion. “Protocol is back.” Israel, who formed a close alliance socialist reform,” she said, empha- going to help us with education. herself among the more than 60 “I’m kind of cautious,” he said, Jeremy Shapiro, a former with Mr. Trump, has also congrat- sizing the political ideology that They’re going to do something ulated Mr. Biden. percent of Black voters in South “but then again, I’m still hopeful Obama State Department official Republicans have used to demon- about poverty. But they have Until Tuesday, another notable Carolina who rescued Mr. Biden’s because he specifically addressed now with the European Council on ize Democrats. “I said a dirty spines that are made out of ramen holdout had been Mr. Erdogan, withering primary campaign. us and he said that we were a key Foreign Relations, said that under word and I meant it. I want us to or something. They are com- past circumstances, there would who cultivated a bond with Mr. “Biden definitely owes us an ad- part of him winning the election. I move toward Denmark.” pletely unwilling to stand up and be nothing remarkable about a Trump that muted America’s re- ministration that works on equal- feel as though that he really is go- president-elect speaking to sev- sponse to several Turkish actions ity,” said Ms. Brooks Murphy, 74, a ing to try to help us more now.” eral European allies. But given that angered other Atlantic alli- retired retail buyer living in It was not enough for Black vot- four years of tensions with Mr. ance members, like Turkey’s inva- Charleston. She says access to ers to wait on Mr. Biden to help Trump, the calls hold unusual sion of northeastern Syria in Octo- health care is an important pri- their communities, some said. meaning. ber 2019 and its purchase of an ad- ority for her because she has They needed to force the issue. “It’s part of his overall approach vanced Russian-made missile many friends “who are afraid to go Jasmine M. Johnson, who spent to saying, ‘We’re back, and we’re system. to the doctor or will not go because a year helping to mobilize voters going to start obeying diplomatic “Erdogan made all his bets on a they can’t afford the treatment or in Milwaukee, where turnout was norms, we’re going to start treat- Trump victory and is now devas- the medicine.” similar to 2016, said she was ec- ing allies better than dictators,’” tated to see that Biden has won,” Part of the challenge for Mr. Bi- static about Mr. Biden’s victory — Mr. Shapiro said. said Aykan Erdemir, a former den will be to coalesce the broad and hopes his cabinet selections Whether by intention or not, the member of Turkey’s Parliament and differing views that Black include Black women, “who once European leaders also served to now with the Foundation for De- Americans hold on policy goals, again delivered.” After that, she further legitimize Mr. Biden’s vic- fense of Democracies, explaining ideas and strategies. Some see a said, the president’s Black agenda tory and discredit Mr. Trump’s the Turkish leader’s foot-drag- drastic overhaul of systems — should prioritize shrinking the false claim to be the winner. ging. from policing to housing — as the wealth gap. “They’ve all come out and con- Thomas Wright, the director of path to equality, while others fa- “This election cycle has been a gratulated him, and in a sense the Center on the United States vor more moderate measures that refresher for some and a crash weighed in on what is a domestic and Europe at the Brookings In- can garner support across the po- course for others in civics,” Ms. political struggle, which is a risky stitution, saw a simple message litical spectrum. Johnson, 39, said. “We have to col- thing for them to do, after all,” Mr. emerging from the past several While young Black progressive lectively understand the impact of Shapiro said. “Of course every- days. activists champion slogans like elections in our lives and col- body thinks Joe Biden will be “The free world is ready to “defund the police,” Representa- MERIDITH KOHUT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES lectively come up with our ask of president. But they’re not 100 per- move on,” he said. “The autocrats tive James E. Clyburn of South In Fulton County, Georgia, home to many Black voters, where this new administration — and cent sure.” are mourning one of their own.” Carolina, one of the most powerful late returns helped the Biden-Harris ticket go ahead in the state. then hold them accountable.” A18 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Transition in Washington Looking Abroad After Years of Tariffs and Insults, Canada Is Relieved at Biden’s Victory

By CATHERINE PORTER TORONTO — On a snowy evening in December 2016, a month after Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada held a rare farewell state dinner for the departing vice president, Joseph R. Biden Jr. It was like a tearful goodbye between two old friends. “We are more like family. That’s the way the vast majority of Americans feel about Canada and Canadians,” Mr. Biden said to a hall packed with politicians in Ot- tawa. “The friendship between us is absolutely critical to the United States.” CHRIS WATTIE/REUTERS He ended with a toast: “Vive le Canada. Because we need you Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. and Mr. Trudeau in Ottawa very, very badly.” on Dec. 9, 2016, a day after a farewell state dinner for Mr. Biden. After four years of surprise tariffs, stinging insults and threats plummeting to the lowest view of be the same as it was before. For from President Trump, a giddy ju- any president over the past 20 one thing, Mr. Biden’s economic bilation and sense of deep relief years. Recent polls show that as plan is protectionist, like Mr. spread across Canada on Satur- many as four in five Canadians Trump’s. day, with the news that Mr. Biden hoped Mr. Biden would be elected It is a “new world,” said Laura had won the presidency. Many Ca- ERIN SCHAFF/THE NEW YORK TIMES president. In an editorial, The Macdonald, a political science nadians hope to return to the sta- Prime Minister Justin Trudeau visited the White House in 2019 but declined to do so this year. Globe and Mail, a leading newspa- professor at Carleton University tus of cherished sibling to the per, said, “Our downstairs neigh- in Ottawa, and “we have not gone United States, and that the presi- bors have gone long enough with- through careful rethinking of where he has deep disagreements national police force. Canadians crossed over regularly dent-elect’s personal connection out an adult in the White House.” what that means for Canada.” with Mr. Trump. He recalled that when Neilia to shop, vacation or visit. to Canada, and that of his running Jagmeet Singh, leader of Cana- “Canadians have to shift our and their baby daughter Naomi mate, Senator Kamala Harris, will For those who have watched As Mr. Trudeau says frequently, da’s left-leaning New Democratic mind-set,” she said. “We can’t rely were killed in a car accident in help heal the wounds. Mr. Trudeau maintain a disci- sometimes with obvious restraint, Party, said at a news conference 1972, Prime Minister Pierre always upon U.S. being there for “With Biden, we see the United plined silence in the face of Mr. the relationship with the United last week, “It would be better for Trudeau, Justin’s father, reached us, when we are looking for a mar- States as having a centrist concili- Trump’s attacks, it was easy to States is Canada’s most impor- out to him personally “and com- the world if Trump loses.” ket. We need more diversifica- ator, a friend to Canada, and some- read quiet celebration in Mr. tant, but it is also one that has suf- miserated with me.” The 5,525-mile border between tion.” body we can be relaxed with and Trudeau’s message. He said he fered serious damage in the past Ms. Harris spent her formative the United States and Canada has At a news conference in Ottawa have genuine disagreements with and Mr. Biden had “agreed to keep four years. teenage years in Montreal, after been closed since March, when on Monday, Mr. Trudeau reiter- without being disagreeable,” said in touch and work closely togeth- The previous five presidents the number of daily new coronavi- ated that the two countries enjoy a er.” her mother Shyamala Gopalan made a point of traveling to Cana- Frank McKenna, a former Canadi- Harris, a breast cancer specialist, rus infections took off in both “unique relationship.” He ex- an ambassador to the United Bruce Heyman, a former U.S. da for a state visit within a few countries. Despite the huge eco- tended congratulations to Mr. Bi- ambassador to Canada, noted that got a job working at McGill Uni- months of taking office, and each States. versity and the Jewish General nomic and personal implications, den and to Ms. Harris, whose elec- He added that people in his many of Mr. Biden’s positions mir- visited multiple times. Mr. Trump the vast majority of Canadians tion as the first female, first Black ror those of the Trudeau govern- Hospital. Students and teachers went only once as president, for yoga class on Monday said “Na- gathered on the steps of her alma support keeping it shut until the and first South Asian vice presi- ment, including the advancement the 2018 Group of 7 meeting, and maste for Joe Biden.” mater, Westmount High School, United States reduces its infection dent he called “an inspiration and of women’s rights and the impor- lashed out at Mr. Trudeau as he “People have been walking on on Monday with “Congratulations rate, which is now triple Canada’s. a reminder that everyone’s voice tance of fighting climate change. left, calling the prime minister eggshells for four years for fear of Kamala” signs. Quebec’s premier, “The single biggest thing that belongs in politics.” annoying the president or his syc- “This is a man who is more François Legault, noted on Twit- “very dishonest and weak.” matters to Canada is whether Bi- He said he was confident in the ophants,” he said. aligned with the Canadian value ter that she had “spent part of her By then, he had slapped tariffs den will be able to bring the virus U.S. democratic system and that, Over the weekend, Mr. Trudeau set, regardless of party,” said Mr. youth in Montreal.” on the country’s steel and alu- under control,” said Janice Stein, despite Mr. Trump’s claims, “we made a congratulatory call to Mr. Heyman, who was sworn in as “We hope to see you soon. You minum, claiming national securi- the founding director of the Munk can be quite certain of the results.” Biden. “We’ve worked with each ambassador by Mr. Biden in 2014, will always be welcome in Que- ty concerns, which most Canadi- School of Global Affairs and Pub- Until the Trump administration other before, and we’re ready to and ran a campaign to get over- bec,” he wrote. ans found deeply unfair and in- lic Policy at the University of To- ends on Jan. 20, Mr. Trudeau will pick up on that work and tackle seas Democrats to vote this year. Few countries had as much at sulting. Mr. Trudeau relied on qui- ronto. Given how polarized the continue to work with it, but he is the challenges and opportunities Both Mr. Biden and Ms. Harris stake in the American elections as et diplomacy and a team of United States remains, that seems unlikely to hold a farewell dinner facing our two countries — includ- have personal connections to Can- Canada. The two countries share surrogates who built alliances unlikely, she said. for the departing vice president, ing climate change and ada. At that state dinner four the world’s longest border, and with people around Mr. Trump, “The politicization of the pan- Mike Pence. COVID-19,” the prime minister years ago, Mr. Biden noted that two-thirds of Canada’s population and eventually Canada reached a demic is not going to go away,” “There is no particular relation- wrote on Twitter, citing two issues his first wife, Neilia, had Canadian lives within 60 miles of it. Roughly critical new trade deal with the Professor Stein said. ship of consequence between him family roots, and said that both his three-quarters of Canada’s ex- United States and Mexico. Even with Mr. Biden’s election, and our government,” Mr. McKen- Dan Bilefsky contributed report- sons dreamed of becoming ports head to the United States, But Canadian feelings toward many Canadians say their rela- na said. “He’s only been here to ing from Montreal. “Mounties,” members of Canada’s and before the pandemic, many Mr. Trump continued to sour, tionship with their neighbor won’t chastise us.” Is Trump’s Defeat Start Of Populism’s Decline?

By MARK LANDLER the virus and politicizing the pub- and MELISSA EDDY lic-health response. LONDON — When Hungary’s Some tried to pivot quickly to populist prime minister, Viktor the new political reality. Orban, joined a parade of foreign Prime Minister Boris Johnson, leaders in congratulating Presi- whom Mr. Trump once referred to dent-elect Joe Biden this week, he as “Britain’s Trump,” spoke by conspicuously failed to note that phone with Mr. Biden on Tuesday, Mr. Biden had actually beaten his telling him he looked forward to friend, President Trump. working with the United States on Like other right-wing populists, “shared priorities, from tackling from Britain and Brazil to Poland climate change to promoting de- and Germany, Mr. Orban was still mocracy, and building back better coming to grips with the defeat of from the coronavirus pandemic.’” populism’s flamboyant standard- That last line was a reference to a bearer in the White House. The slogan from Mr. Biden’s cam- Hungarian leader acknowledged paign, also used by Mr. Johnson’s that a victory by Mr. Trump was government. his “Plan A.” There wasn’t really a For all the talk of a populist Plan B. wave that swept the world after Britain’s Brexit vote in June 2016 While Mr. Trump’s defeat is a and Mr. Trump’s election five stinging blow to his populist allies, months later, experts point out its consequences for populism as that the populist and far-right a global political movement are movements in Germany and more ambiguous. Mr. Trump, af- other European countries always ter all, won more votes than any had their own roots that were dis- American presidential candidate tinct and predated the Anglo- in history aside from Mr. Biden, American variety. which attests to the enduring ap- Their fortunes have waxed and peal of his message. waned, largely independent of Mr. The economic, social and politi- Trump. In France, the right-wing cal grievances that fed populist leader Marine Le Pen suffered a ATTILA KISBENEDEK/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES and xenophobic movements in crushing defeat by Emmanuel Hungary’s populist leader, Viktor Orban, congratulated Joseph R. Biden Jr. But he acknowledged that a Trump win was his “Plan A.” many countries are still alive, and Macron in 2017, at a time when the indeed, may be reinforced by the American president was riding ciliatory tone as a recognition that his allegations of fraud simply ities, which he said were to blame “For leaders like Viktor Orban, ravages of the coronavirus pan- high. Now, with Mr. Macron belea- Mr. Trump’s defeat was also a de- give them another opportunity to demic. Social media continues to for him having to compete in a the easy days are over,” Mr. Biro- guered by the pandemic and feat for the polarizing politics of spin the situation to their advan- runoff election in 2018. Political Nagy said. “The biggest challenge spread populist ideas, often deeply unpopular, polls suggest cloaked in conspiracy theories de- the German party, which has seen tage. scientists in Brazil said they for them is that there will be more that Ms. Le Pen is poised to make its popularity hover around 10 “The wonderful thing about viewed Mr. Trump’s refusal to con- pressure and more attention on signed to sow doubt about the sci- a comeback in elections sched- entific facts behind the virus or percent in recent surveys. conspiracy theories is that they cede his electoral loss as a danger- policies that went unchecked in uled for 2022. “All of those who focused on a are non-falsifiable and impossible ous precedent. the last four years.” the legitimacy of the electoral In Italy, where Mr. Trump’s for- process that brought about Mr. politics of polarization around the to refute with facts,” said Anna In Hungary, Mr. Orban made no For example, he cited Mr. Or- mer chief strategist, Stephen K. globe have suffered a setback,” Grzymala-Busse, a professor of secret of his preference in the U.S. ban’s expulsion of the Central Eu- Trump’s defeat. Bannon, once dreamed of opening “It’s arguably the most conse- said Hans Vorländer, a professor politics at Stanford University election. ropean University from Hungary. an academy to train populist lead- of political science at the Techni- who specializes in populism. “We root for Donald Trump’s Founded in Budapest by Mr. quential election in our lifetime, ers in a converted monastery, the cal University Dresden. “It is a Where Mr. Trump will continue victory,” he wrote on Nov. 3. While Soros, the school was forced to but I would be very cautious about far-right parties built their politi- very clear signal.” to cast a shadow, Mr. Röttgen said, the ballots were being counted, move the majority of its opera- a mood swing toward believing cal base by opposing migration Others, though, are more skep- is in how the United States en- his cabinet posted a message say- tions to Vienna. Mr. Biro-Nagy populism is finished,” said Timo- from the south, a phenomenon tical. Populism in Europe is a gages with the world. Immigra- ing, “We supported Donald said it was “unprecedented” that thy Garton Ash, a professor of Eu- that predated Mr. Trump and will homegrown phenomenon, they tion, the great-power rivalry with Trump, whereas Joe Biden has the State Department did not in- ropean studies at Oxford Univer- outlast his presidency. said, so while populist leaders China, suspicion of foreign entan- been supported by George Soros,” tervene in the situation. sity. “Trump gave these parties le- glements, and doubts of the value “In general,” he said, “all such gitimacy,” said Fabrizio Tonello, a could point to Mr. Trump as a kin- the billionaire financier who is the “Orban could get away with extreme mood swings are mistak- political-science professor at the dred spirit while he was in office, of alliances — all these themes perennial subject of conspiracy policies that hurt American inter- en, and specifically, more than 70 University of Padua. But he said their fortunes were not directly will continue to drive debates over theories on the right. ests,” he said. “The big question million Americans voted for the president’s unyielding man- tied to his. the country’s foreign policy. When Mr. Orban finally con- for me, is how important will Hun- Trump.” ner and winner-take-all style “Trump was more or less irrele- Populist leaders are also likely gratulated Mr. Biden on Sunday, it gary or Poland be to the new U.S. Moreover, some of these lead- never had much influence in Ita- vant for populist and right-wing to keep borrowing from Mr. was for his “successful presiden- administration? At least this open ers are likely to be able to exploit ly’s messy politics, where the pre- movements in Germany and Eu- Trump’s playbook. tial campaign,” not for winning the support will cease to exist.” the aftereffects of the pandemic — mium is on deal-making and com- rope,” said Norbert Röttgen, a In Brazil, President Jair Bol- White House. He went on to wish To some experts, the greatest from chronic unemployment and promise. Christian Democratic politician sonaro, a retired military officer Mr. Biden “continued success in significance of Mr. Trump’s defeat insecurity to soaring public debt In Germany, Mr. Trump’s com- who is vying to succeed Chancel- who dined with the president at fulfilling your responsibilities.” is not how it will change the popu- and racial tensions — even if they plicated legacy was evident in lor Angela Merkel as leader of the his Palm Beach, Fla. estate, Mar- The departure of Mr. Trump will lists but whether it will embolden themselves worsened the prob- how the main rightist party, Alter- party. “For that reason, his defeat a-Lago, modeled his response to make life more difficult for Mr. Or- those who oppose them. In coun- lems by playing down the threat of native for Germany, dithered over will not affect them in a funda- the pandemic on Mr. Trump’s — ban and other populists in Eastern tries like Hungary, where the how to treat Mr. Biden’s victory. mental way.” disdaining lockdowns and face Europe, said Andras Biro-Nagy, of democratic system has been cor- Mark Landler reported from Lon- While some lawmakers parroted Conspiracy theorists and the masks, and endorsing an anti-ma- Policy Solutions, a think tank in roded almost out of recognition, don, and Melissa Eddy from Mr. Trump’s false claims about the movements they have spawned — laria pill that was ineffective and Budapest that has tracked Mr. Or- the vanquishing of Mr. Trump Berlin. Ernesto Londono contrib- vote counting, party leaders qui- like QAnon, which has taken root dangerous. ban for the past decade. But he could serve as a beacon. uted reporting from Rio de Janei- etly congratulated Mr. Biden after in Germany — will also be un- Mr. Bolsonaro mimicked Mr. questioned whether Mr. Biden “It shows them it really is possi- ro, and Elisabetta Povoledo from the vote was called. moved by Mr. Trump’s defeat, ac- Trump in making unsubstantiated would succeed in getting them to ble to get rid of the populists,” Pro- Rome. Some interpreted the more con- cording to some experts, because allegations of voting irregular- change their ways. fessor Grzymala-Busse said. THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A19 Ex-F.B.I. Official Rejects G.O.P. Senators’ Corruption Claims 5 Ways By ADAM GOLDMAN Climate WASHINGTON — Senate Re- publicans rehashed unproven allegations of corruption and bias at Is Changing the F.B.I. on Tuesday, attacking the bureau’s former acting director Andrew G. McCabe during a Hurricanes contentious Judiciary Committee hearing. By VERONICA PENNEY The hearing, led by Senator It has been a record season for Lindsey Graham of South Car- storms. On Monday night, Sub- olina, a close ally of President tropical Storm Theta became the Trump’s, was a recounting of per- 29th named storm of the 2020 hur- ceived injustices that the presi- ricane season, surpassing the to- dent and his supporters have am- tal count from 2005. plified over the investigation into Theta formed after Tropical the 2016 Trump campaign’s ties to Storm Eta spent the day battering Russia. They included the botched Florida, causing heavy rains and applications to wiretap the former flooding in the state’s south and Trump campaign adviser Carter the Keys. Page, the treatment of the former Researchers can’t say for sure national security adviser Michael whether human-caused climate T. Flynn and a notorious dossier change will mean longer or more about purported Trump-Russia active hurricane seasons in the fu- links. ture, but there is broad agreement Senator John Cornyn of Texas on one thing: Global warming is accused the F.B.I. of going changing storms. “rogue,” while Senator Marsha Scientists say, for example, that Blackburn of Tennessee said the unusually warm Atlantic surface bureau had a “culture of corrup- temperatures have helped to in- tion and cover-up.” Senator Josh crease storm activity this season. Hawley of Missouri described the The warmer ocean temperatures investigation as the “biggest scan- are “absolutely responsible for the dal in the history of the F.B.I.” hyperactive season,” said James Mr. McCabe repeatedly re- P. Kossin, a climate scientist with jected Republican claims that the the National Oceanic and Atmos- F.B.I.’s actions were politically pheric Administration. “It’s very motivated. likely that human-caused climate “Let me be very clear: We did- JASON ANDREW FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES change contributed to that anom- n’t open a case because we liked Andrew McCabe acknowledged serious F.B.I. mistakes in a wiretap application while speaking on Tuesday about its Russia inquiry. alously warm ocean.” one candidate or didn’t like the It still isn’t clear whether that’s an exception or part of an upward other one,” he said in his opening Page wiretap applications were frequent target. “Republicans, fended the F.B.I. for not investi- on something else — a suspicion statement. “We didn’t open a case trend, Dr. Kossin said. He noted referred to the bureau’s office of don’t let Andrew McCabe contin- gating the claim, noting that even that he might be a conduit be- that climate change might ulti- because we intended to stage a professional responsibility, its dis- ue to get away with totally crimi- information related to a possible tween the campaign and Russia. mately result in fewer storms. coup or overthrow the govern- ciplinary arm. nal activity,” the president wrote Clinton campaign strategy did not Notes released in connection Either way, he said, “climate ment.” on Twitter. “What he did should amount to a crime but rather to with the Justice Department’s at- change is making it more likely for Mr. McCabe, who testified re- The inspector general report never be allowed to happen to our typical politics. tempt to drop the prosecution of hurricanes to behave in certain motely because of the pandemic, also found that the F.B.I. had suffi- Country again. FIGHT FOR JUS- Senator Ted Cruz, Republican of Mr. Flynn, despite his guilty plea ways.” acknowledged serious F.B.I. mis- cient reason to open the Russia in- TICE!” Texas, also brought up reports for lying to the F.B.I. about his con- Here are some of those ways. takes in the Page wiretap applica- vestigation and that investigators During the hearing, Mr. Gra- that advisers to President-elect versations with the Russian am- tions, one of which he signed. He acted without political bias in do- ham repeatedly accused the F.B.I. 1. Higher winds said he would not have approved ing so. Joseph R. Biden Jr. were talking to bassador, have shown that there There’s a solid scientific consen- it knowing what he has learned Democrats on the committee of treating Mr. Trump unfairly, foreign leaders and compared were discussions of the Logan Act sus that hurricanes are becoming since. “We’re all responsible for made clear they had little patience saying he should have been that to the F.B.I.’s scrutiny of Mr. in 2017. more powerful. the work that went into that for Mr. Graham’s inquiry, believ- warned about Russian attempts to Flynn in connection with his De- In addition, on Tuesday a fed- Hurricanes are complex, but FISA,” Mr. McCabe said, referring interfere in the 2016 election on his cember 2016 calls with the Rus- eral judge unsealed a set of search one of the key factors that deter- to requests made under the For- behalf. sian ambassador during Mr. warrants in connection with the Mr. Graham pointed to a re- Trump’s transition. Flynn case in response to a news mines how strong a given storm eign Intelligence Surveillance ultimately becomes is ocean sur- Act. cently declassified document of Mr. Cruz demanded to know media request. They showed that A lengthy and unverified information that sug- whether Mr. Biden and his team by September 2017, when the bu- face temperature, because A Justice Department inspector warmer water provides more of general report issued last Decem- combative hearing gested that Russian intelligence were violating the Logan Act, a reau and Mr. Mueller’s office had acquired information that Hil- 1799 statute that says it is a crime sought access to devices and the energy that fuels storms. ber found egregious errors and “Potential intensity is going omissions in the applications to that focused on lary Clinton had approved a plan for a private citizen to interfere email accounts from the Trump for her 2016 campaign to “stir up a with diplomatic relations between transition, it cited the Logan Act up,” said Kerry Emanuel, a profes- wiretap Mr. Page in the months af- sor of atmospheric science at the perceived injustices. scandal” against Mr. Trump by ty- the United States and foreign gov- and false statements to a judge. ter he left the Trump campaign, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- ing him to the Russian hackers ernments. Mr. Cruz eventually “The F.B.I. is investigating based on investigators’ suspicions nology. “We predicted it would go who had broken into Democratic pointed out that the Logan Act is whether Flynn corresponded with about his ties to Russia. up 30 years ago, and the observa- servers. widely considered to be unconsti- foreign government officials with- Republicans pressed Mr. Mc- ing it was a waste of time as they tions show it going up.” Though Mr. Trump’s allies have tutional, saying that Mr. Biden out the authority of the United Cabe about who at the F.B.I. was accused Attorney General Stronger winds mean downed promoted the document, other of- was therefore not violating it but States, with intent to influence the to blame for the problems. They William P. Barr of politicizing the power lines, damaged roofs and, wrongly insisted that no one had ficials rejected its information af- that it was illegitimate to “go af- conduct of foreign governments, Justice Department. when paired with rising sea levels, been held responsible; the inspec- ter evaluating it, including the ter” Mr. Flynn for the same thing. in violation of” the Logan Act, “This is a last-ditch, desperate worse coastal flooding. tor general’s report did assign special counsel, Robert S. Mueller In a heated exchange with Mr. “and whether Flynn made materi- undertaking to deal with Presi- “Even if storms themselves blame, singling out an F.B.I. agent III, and the Republican-led Senate Cruz, who repeatedly cut him off, ally false statements and omitted weren’t changing, the storm surge assigned as “primarily responsi- dent Trump’s grievances about Intelligence Committee. Mr. McCabe said that “there were material facts to the F.B.I. regard- that election,” said Senator Rich- is riding on an elevated sea level,” ble for some of the most signifi- Mr. McCabe said he had never no discussions of the Logan Act” ing his communications with Dr. Emanuel said. He used New ard J. Durbin, Democrat of Illi- cant errors and omissions.” seen the document before and it regarding Mr. Flynn, leading Mr. those foreign government offi- York City as an example, where The F.B.I. director, Christopher nois, accusing the Republican-led was not clear to him that the infor- Cruz to suggest that he might be cials,” it said. sea levels have risen about a foot A. Wray, has said line-level em- committee of holding another mation alluded to criminal con- committing perjury. But permit- At the end of the hearing. Mr. in the past century. “If Sandy’s ployees who played a role in the “partisan hearing to advance duct. ted to complete his answer, Mr. Graham brushed off the com- storm surge had occurred in 1912 President Trump’s theories.” Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, McCabe clarified that agents plaints by Democrats that his in- rather than 2012,” he said, “it prob- Charlie Savage contributed report- Before the hearing started, Mr. Democrat of Rhode Island and a opened the counterintelligence investigation was pointless. “We are ably wouldn’t have flooded Lower ing. Trump took aim at Mr. McCabe, a former federal prosecutor, de- vestigation into Mr. Flynn based going to keep digging,” he said. Manhattan.” 2. More rain Warming also increases the A proposed $23 billion arms amount of water vapor that the at- Proposed U.A.E. Arms Deal sale to the United Arab Emir- mosphere can hold. In fact, every ates includes F-35 jets, one of degree Celsius of warming allows the most advanced weapons in the air to hold about 7 percent Runs Into Early Objections the American arsenal. more water. That means we can expect future storms to unleash higher From Some Lawmakers along with Emirati arms sale — amounts of rainfall. despite publicly saying later that By MARK MAZZETTI forts in Congress in recent years he opposed it — as part of the 3. Slower storms WASHINGTON — The Trump to scuttle potential arms sales to broader push to get the U.A.E. to Researchers do not yet know why administration formally notified Persian Gulf states, most notably recognize Israel, which gave Mr. storms are moving more slowly, but they are. Some say a slow- Congress on Tuesday that it plans Saudi Arabia, but some Demo- Netanyahu a diplomatic victory. down in global atmospheric circu- to sell F-35 stealth fighters, ad- cratic congressional aides con- Since the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, lation, or global winds, could be vanced armed drones and other ceded that they were unlikely to American policy has been to ensure that Israel maintains a so- partly to blame. sophisticated weaponry to the get enough Republican support to called qualitative military edge In a 2018 paper, Dr. Kossin found United Arab Emirates, setting up block the deal. over its Arab neighbors. The con- that hurricanes over the United a potential battle with lawmakers Still, the process of delivering gressional definition says that the States had slowed 17 percent since in the administration’s final the weapons takes years, and the AMIR COHEN/REUTERS United States must ensure that Is- 1947. Combined with the increase weeks. sale could be undone by the Biden in rain rates, storms are causing a have accelerated the push for the tive. rael is able to defeat “any credible The $23 billion arms sale could administration. Several advisers 25 percent increase in local rain- to President-elect Joseph R. Biden arms deal while completing a dip- In fact, Secretary of State Mike conventional military threat” alter the military balance in the while sustaining minimal casu- fall in the United States, he said. Middle East, eventually allowing Jr. are skeptical of weapons sales lomatic initiative — known as the Pompeo linked the two issues in Slower, wetter storms also Abraham Accords — where the alties. the small but powerful emirates to to the Gulf Arab nations because his announcement on Tuesday, worsen flooding. of the disastrous, Saudi-led war in U.A.E. became just the third Arab saying that the emirates’ “historic Last month, two Democratic flex greater power in a region of senators introduced a bill that Yemen, which has resulted in nation to recognize Israel. In ex- agreement to normalize relations 4. Wider-ranging storms sectarian rivalries and simmering would block delivery of the F-35 to thousands of civilian casualties. change, Israel has pledged to sus- with Israel under the Abraham Because warmer water helps fuel proxy wars. the emirates until the White The State Department said on pend annexation of occupied West Accords offers a once-in-a-gener- hurricanes, climate change is en- But top Democratic lawmakers Bank territory. ation opportunity to positively House reports to Congress that Tuesday that the deal included up larging the zone where hurricanes have objected to what they say is a Administration officials have transform the region’s strategic the arms deal will not present new to 50 F-35 jets, as many as 18 can form. rushed process to cement the deal denied that the arms package was landscape.” risks to American troops or erode Reaper drones and other preci- There’s a “migration of tropical before the end of the Trump ad- a direct reward for the emirates’ With its ability to elude enemy Israel’s military advantage in the ministration, one that short-cir- sion weapons. Emirati officials cyclones out of the tropics and to- role in the diplomatic break- air defenses, the F-35 is one of the Middle East. ward subtropics and middle lati- cuits the normal review process have also been pushing to buy through, which is part of a broader most advanced weapons in the The Emirati arms deal has been tudes,” Dr. Kossin said. That could by the Pentagon, the State De- EA-18 Growler jets — electronic White House initiative to get Arab American arsenal and a fighter jet championed by Jared Kushner, mean more storms making land- partment and Congress to con- warfare planes that jam enemy air nations to normalize ties with Is- long coveted by other nations. the president’s son-in-law, who defenses — but American officials fall in higher latitudes, like in the sider the wisdom of any weapons rael — and to further isolate Iran. Israel, which has the F-35, has has been central to the diplomatic United States or Japan. sale. said that request has yet to be ap- At the same time, they did not dis- long tried to block any other coun- negotiations to get the U.A.E. and There have been bipartisan ef- proved. pute that the momentum on the try in the Middle East from get- other Arab nations to recognize 5. More volatility The announcement was long arms sale, after years of requests ting it. But American officials said Israel. The Trump administration As the climate warms, re- Edward Wong contributed report- expected, and Trump administra- by the emirates to buy the F-35, that Prime Minister Benjamin Ne- has negotiated similar arrange- searchers also say they expect ing. tion officials in recent months was linked to the diplomatic initia- tanyahu of Israel privately went ments with Bahrain and Sudan. storms to intensify more rapidly. Researchers are still unsure why it’s happening, but the trend appears to be clear. CORRECTIONS In a 2017 paper based on climate and hurricane models, Dr. Eman- uel found that storms that intensi- INTERNATIONAL game by thousands of Notre ferred incorrectly to Crystal part of the name of a hedge fund er and a friend of Beethoven, fy rapidly — the ones that in- A picture caption with an article Dame students who broke virus Daddario. She identifies as His- group that he founded and owned. misstated her age at her death in crease their wind speed by 70 on Tuesday about negotiations for protocol described incorrectly the panic, not white. It was SAC Capital Advisors, not 1833. She was 64, not 70. miles per hour or more in the 24 a trade agreement between Brit- reason that Notre Dame’s presi- An article on Monday about SAC Capital Partners. hours before landfall — were rare ain and the European Union dent apologized in August after divisions in the United States Errors are corrected during the press in the period from 1976 through 2005. On average, he estimated, misstated the reason for Prime posing for photos with students following last week’s election ARTS run whenever possible, so some errors Minister Boris Johnson’s appear- who were returning to campus. misstated the day that a World noted here may not have appeared in their likelihood in those years was An article on Saturday about equal to about once per century. ance at a ceremony at the Ceno- He apologized for not properly War II sailor spontaneously all editions. following the university’s social kissed a woman in a nurse’s uni- Nannette Streicher, a piano build- By the end of the 21st century, taph. He was commemorating the he found, those storms might form distancing guidelines, not for form in Times Square. It was V-J anniversary of the end of World once every five or 10 years. War I, not honoring coronavirus posing without a mask. Day, not V-E Day. “It’s a forecaster’s nightmare,” victims. Dr. Emanuel said. If a tropical ELECTION 2020 SPORTS Contact the Newsroom: Editorials: [email protected] storm or Category 1 hurricane de- TRACKING AN OUTBREAK An article on Sunday about the An article on Saturday about [email protected] Newspaper Delivery: velops into a Category 4 hurricane An article on Tuesday about the impact of Black Lives Matter Steven A. Cohen’s first day as the or call 1-844-NYT-NEWS [email protected] or call overnight, he said, “there’s no storming of a football field after a protests on the U.S. election re- new owner of the Mets misstated (1-844-698-6397). 1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637). time to evacuate people.” A20 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 Grisly Killing Was Central to a $200,000 Insurance Scheme, Prosecutors Say

By ED SHANAHAN according to text messages re- Brandy Odom had a plan for her trieved from Mr. Martin’s phone, life, people who knew her said. had worked as a prostitute since Ms. Odom, 26, was on the path to a at least 2017 and Mr. Martin was stable job as a school security her pimp; prosecutors noted the guard and, hopefully, her own “disproportionate power dynam- apartment. She talked of becom- ic” in their relationship. ing a flight attendant one day. “The defendant committed a But the man and woman she gruesome murder in connection lived with had a plan, too, prosecu- with the charged crimes,” pros- tors say: a $200,000 life insurance ecutors say in one filing. The slay- scheme that left Ms. Odom dead, ing, they say, was “motivated by the pieces of her dismembered greed” and reflected Mr. Martin’s body dumped in a Brooklyn park “utter disregard for human life.” in April 2018. As evidence that he was the An autopsy determined that killer, the filing cited surveillance Ms. Odom had been strangled, video from outside the Queens court records show. But the inves- home where he, Ms. Odom and tigation seemed to stall. Months Ms. Anderson lived. The footage dragged on into years. shows two people putting black Last week, more than two years garbage bags in the trunk of Mr. after the grisly discovery of Ms. Martin’s car the night before Ms. Odom’s body, the roommates who Odom’s body was found. had long been the subject of inves- LLOYD MITCHELL In an interview with investiga- tigators’ suspicions were ar- Investigators at Canarsie Park in Brooklyn in April 2018, near the site where Brandy Odom’s dismembered body was found. tors about a week before she and rested. The charges against them Mr. Martin were arrested, the fil- shed new light on prosecutors’ ing says, Ms. Anderson said he theory of the case. And while no agent job when she was killed. About a month later, Ms. Ander- her claim and said that Ms. Odom asked. “had committed the murder of one has yet been charged with “She had ambitions, she had a son, pretending to be Ms. Odom, had died. “Somebody did it to her,” Ms. Brandy Odom” and had cut up her killing Ms. Odom, court docu- game plan,” a family friend, Ma- called the insurer to “make sure A customer service representa- Anderson replied. body with a saw. ments indicate a clear motive: donna Alfred, said in an interview everything was correct” with the tive who took the call asked “So it’s a homicide?” the repre- Ms. Anderson also said she had greed. at the time. “She wanted to work second policy. Several weeks be- whether the death was “natural, sentative asked. helped him dispose of the body, Her roommates, Cory Martin and take care of herself.” fore she made the call, text mes- an accident, homicide or suicide.” “Mm-hmm,” Ms. Anderson the filing says. She also “ex- and Adelle Anderson, were But prosecutors now describe a sages retrieved from Mr. Martin’s “The third one,” Ms. Anderson said. “Hate saying it. It’s just, it’s pressed fear” that he would charged with federal wire fraud phone showed him and Ms. An- grim end to those dreams. Court answered. unbelievable.” “threaten her physical safety.” and identity theft crimes over filings detail what investigators derson dis- Because the policy was less Ms. Anderson contacted the what the authorities say was a The search of Mr. Martin’s say was a protracted plot that cussing at least than two years old, the represent- company about her claim’s status plot they set into motion a year be- phone also found that it had been ended in violence. one of the poli- ative said, the insurer would need twice more over the next several fore Ms. Odom’s death. cies. used two days before the killing to According to the prosecution’s a certified death certificate, a doc- weeks. Prosecutors also say they be- “Insurance search Home Depot’s website for account of the case, Mr. Martin tor’s statement and a coroner’s re- Mr. Martin and Ms. Anderson lieve Mr. Martin committed the place closed to- “reciprocating saws” and to and Ms. Anderson began their port before considering the claim. horrific act at the center of the day,” Ms. An- made initial appearances via tele- search YouTube for “how to insert scheme in March 2017 by applying case, and they suggest that he derson wrote to Ms. Anderson called the com- conference last Wednesday in blade for reciprocating saw” and may still be charged with murder. for a $50,000 life insurance policy Mr. Martin in pany three more times to inquire Federal District Court in Brook- “using reciprocating saw.” (Such a Mr. Martin’s lawyer, Douglas in Ms. Odom’s name from a New the exchange in about the status of her claim. lyn, where Magistrate Judge saw, five blades and black con- Morris, a public defender, de- York insurance company. Ms. Odom early Decem- There is no indication that she Steven M. Gold ordered that Mr. tractor bags were bought at a clined to comment. Ms. Ander- The policy listed Ms. Anderson ber 2017. And, ever provided the necessary pa- Martin be held in federal jail and Long Island Home Depot the son’s lawyer, Deborah Colson, did as Ms. Odom’s sister and sole ben- she added, the policy would no perwork. that Ms. Anderson be released on same day.) not respond to requests for com- eficiary. longer be active if he did not “try n In June 2018, about two months a $200,000 bond. The day after Ms. Odom’s body ment. In December 2017, Mr. Martin do something” about it that week. after Ms. Odom was killed, Ms. In a court filing arguing that Mr. was found, Mr. Martin’s phone Nicole Odom, Ms. Odom’s and Ms. Anderson applied for a A little more than two weeks af- Anderson called the second insur- Martin should be detained be- was used for dozens of internet mother, did not respond to a mes- second life insurance policy from ter Ms. Odom’s body was found, er’s claims department and said cause he was dangerous and a risk news searches. sage left with a relative. In a 2018 a different company, this one for Ms. Anderson called the first in- that a “family member that had a to flee, prosecutors said they were One article opened by the interview, she said her daughter $150,000. Again, Ms. Anderson surer, identified herself as Ms. policy with you guys has passed.” considering prosecuting him for phone’s user had a blunt headline: was in the process of arranging an was listed as Ms. Odom’s sibling Odom’s sister, provided some bio- “How did she pass?” the insur- Ms. Odom’s killing under a federal “Woman’s dismembered body interview for the school safety and sole beneficiary. graphical information to support ance company representative murder-for-hire law. Ms. Odom, found inside Canarsie Park.” Nxivm’s Leader Is in Jail for Sex Crimes. They Insist He Changed the World for Good.

By NICOLE HONG Michele Hatchette, wrote in affi- For years, Keith Raniere won davits to the court last month that glowing endorsements from the they chose not to testify because Hollywood actresses, millionaires of threats from prosecutors. The and Ivy League graduates who judge dismissed the claim, saying studied his teachings during self- there was “scant and highly ques- help classes offered by his com- tionable evidence” of any intimi- pany Nxivm. dation. Most of them have now dis- Ms. Hatchette appeared in a tanced themselves from Mr. September television interview to Raniere after he was convicted defend Nxivm, saying, “I think and sentenced to 120 years in pris- there is a difference between be- on for using Nxivm (pronounced ing branded and getting a brand.” NEX-ee-um) to commit sex traf- But during the criminal investi- ficking and other crimes. gation, Ms. Hatchette told pros- Among other things, a jury ecutors in interviews that she found that women in Nxivm were wanted to leave DOS after she was recruited under false pretenses to assigned to seduce Mr. Raniere, join a secret sorority that Mr. according to a court filing last Raniere formed, where they were month. branded with his initials near She only stayed, she told pros- their pelvises, groomed to be his ecutors, because of the material sexual partners and kept in line she had handed over as collateral, with blackmail. including letters addressed to the Still, despite trial evidence that police that accused her siblings of Mr. Raniere possessed child abusing their children, the filing pornography, manipulated his fol- said. lowers by keeping them starved In an emailed statement, Ms. and sleep-deprived, and commit- Hatchette said: “As a result of my ted a long list of federal crimes, a experiences in DOS, I am a handful of these recruits insist stronger, more confident woman that Mr. Raniere changed the than I ever thought I could be, and world for good. And now, they are I have an unwavering trust in my- unleashing a public campaign to self.” undermine his conviction. Mr. Raniere’s relentless publici- Last month, eight of his female ty campaign backfired with one supporters — including a former longtime follower. actress, a corporate lawyer and a Ivy Nevares, 43, who dated Mr. doctor — released videos online FRANK FRANKLIN II/ASSOCIATED PRESS Raniere, said in an interview that that pushed back against the A group of women defending their experiences with Nxivm includes Nicki Clyne, left, and Michele Hatchette, second from left. she decided to denounce him pub- group’s reputation as a “sex cult,” licly after seeing the recent efforts saying they consented to being ric.” emailed statement. prosecutors to sign an “affidavit” to promote him. She said the at- branded and were never forced During the pandemic, Mr. Ms. Clyne is married to Allison swearing that they followed due tacks on his victims were “abhor- into sexual relationships with Mr. Raniere’s supporters regularly Mack, the former television ac- process. And last month, they filed rent.” Raniere. danced outside the Brooklyn jail tress who is awaiting sentencing a letter with the court that ac- At Mr. Raniere’s sentencing, At a news conference on the day where he was housed. They re- after she pleaded guilty to crimes cused the government of tamper- Ms. Nevares told the court that of Mr. Raniere’s sentencing, his leased a jailhouse phone call with stemming from her role as a top ing with evidence on Mr. Raniere’s she suffers from post-traumatic supporters defended their time Mr. Raniere as a podcast. DOS recruiter. Prosecutors have computer. stress disorder after Mr. Raniere with Nxivm. Their comments One vocal supporter of Mr. called it a “sham” marriage to al- Mr. Raniere’s lawyer, Marc Ag- subjected her to “indentured came after they watched a former Raniere is Nicki Clyne, the former low Ms. Clyne, a Canadian native, nifilo, said during his client’s sen- servitude” during her nearly 17 Nxivm member tell the court that television actress from “Bat- to stay in the United States. tencing that he did not believe the years in Nxivm. Mr. Raniere sexually abused her tlestar Galactica” who now de- Ms. Clyne said in her statement claim was valid and refused to file Pulled in by Mr. Raniere’s starting when she was 15 and he scribes herself as an advocate for that the marriage was “born from it himself, even after Mr. Raniere teachings, Ms. Nevares moved was 45 — an allegation that Mr. criminal justice reform. genuine love.” and his supporters asked him from New York City to Nxivm’s Raniere’s lawyers have never dis- Ms. Clyne has said she was part With regards to Mr. Raniere, “many, many times.” headquarters near Albany, N.Y., puted. of the secret women’s group inside she said: “If I discover that preda- “These publicity campaigns are where the group controlled her The effort to exonerate Mr. Nxivm called DOS, an acronym tory, underage sex took place, I distinct from the legal work in the rent, her income and her work Raniere was in keeping with how IVY NEVARES for a Latin phrase meaning will denounce it wholeheartedly case that has to be done,” Mr. Ag- visa as a Mexican immigrant. Nxivm had long dealt with its crit- The effort to promote Keith “Lord/Master of the Obedient Fe- and reconsider my views.” Mr. Raniere demanded she ics; former members who chal- Raniere drove Ivy Nevares, an male Companions.” She and other followers of Mr. weigh 95 pounds and claimed his spiritual energy would kill him un- lenged Mr. Raniere’s methods ex-follower, to denounce him. Trial witnesses testified that the Raniere were now reviewing the were shunned from the communi- group had a pyramid structure trial evidence and “keeping an Eight female followers less he had sex constantly, she told ty and sometimes targeted with where lower-ranking women open mind,” she said. the court. lawsuits that drove them into supporters promoted their de- were referred to as “slaves” and In the videos released last of Keith Raniere push In early 2018, the government bankruptcy. grees from top universities. overseen by female “masters” month, Ms. Clyne and seven other subpoenaed her to testify before a Nxivm lured recruits with its “Cults like going after people who reported to Mr. Raniere. former DOS members said they to exonerate him. grand jury. On the advice of a law- expensive “Executive Success who are bright because they will To honor their vow to the group, voluntarily participated in the yer provided by Ms. Bronfman, Programs,” tapping into a desire represent the cult very well,” said the women were regularly re- “master-slave” relationship. however, she invoked her Fifth for personal growth within elite Rachel Bernstein, a therapist who Amendment right against self-in- quired to hand over what was “Everyone’s going like, if you nifilo said in a statement. circles. Around 18,000 people have specializes in treating former cult known as “collateral,” including crimination, she said in the inter- say anything different than what’s Prosecutors have said Nxivm taken its courses since 1998. members. “Intelligence is not a nude photographs or the rights to been said, then you’re an idiot, view. was financed largely by Clare What made Nxivm an illegal en- predictor of cult involvement.” their financial assets, according to you’ve been brainwashed, you’ve She left the group a few months Bronfman, an heiress to the Sea- terprise, prosecutors said, was Cult experts say it is not uncom- trial testimony. been abused,” Sahajo Haertel, later. It took her almost a year to gram’s liquor fortune, who was the fraud, extortion, immigration mon for followers to stand by a Prosecutors said it was extor- who describes herself on Linked- stop viewing Mr. Raniere as a “Je- sentenced to over six years in violations and sex crimes that leader who has gone to prison or tion and fraud. Former DOS mem- In as a humanitarian and entre- sus-type figure,” she said. “I was took place over 15 years under Mr. died. Clinging to the group may be bers testified at trial that they preneur, said in one video. prison for her crimes on behalf of in the bubble of Nxivm for so long Raniere’s direction. A jury con- more comforting than the obeyed Mr. Raniere’s sexual or- But Mr. Raniere’s supporters Nxivm. that I didn’t know how I could nav- victed Mr. Raniere on all counts af- prospect of leaving, which may re- ders under the fear that their col- have gone further than just shar- Ronald Sullivan, a lawyer for igate the world,” she said. ter a six-week trial last year. Five quire finding a job or reconciling lateral would be released. ing their experiences: They have Ms. Bronfman, said she was not Ms. Nevares said she wanted to women in his inner circle have with family and long-lost friends. Ms. Clyne was not charged, but sought to publicly undermine con- funding the recent publicity effort. warn the public about what she also pleaded guilty to felony “They’re what we call true be- prosecutors said in a court filing fidence in the legal system by at- None of Mr. Raniere’s support- sees as efforts to rebuild Nxivm charges. lievers,” said Janja Lalich, a psy- last month that she had directed tacking the prosecutors, the vic- ers testified at trial, which would and Mr. Raniere’s reputation. And yet, Mr. Raniere maintains chologist and cult expert who has some women inside DOS to delete tims and the judge who oversaw have required them to answer “If you want to go on believing a small and loyal following among worked with Nxivm defectors. “It the collateral from their comput- Mr. Raniere’s trial. questions under oath during he’s God on Earth, that’s fine,” she people with careers in law, medi- shows the depth of their indoctri- ers and transfer it to hard drives Several showed up to the Brook- cross-examination by prosecu- said. “But don’t go around en- cine and business. In letters to the nation and the extent to which stored with her lawyer. Ms. Clyne lyn U.S. attorney’s office in Sep- tors. rolling people into this very dan- court last month, Mr. Raniere’s they have internalized his rheto- denied the allegation in an tember with a video camera to ask Ms. Clyne and another woman, gerous criminal organization.” THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A21 Those We’ve Lost Faces From the Coronavirus Pandemic

Gene Mater, 93 Amanda Bouffioux, 44 Tireless Champion Inupiaq Alaska Native Who ‘Made Things Happen’ Of Press Freedom By GLENN RIFKIN By RICHARD SANDOMIR When the coronavirus pandemic began, Amanda Bouffioux Gene Mater was the news director of Radio Free Europe when and her family stayed home. East Germany began building the Ms. Bouffioux, an Inupiaq Berlin Wall in August 1961. He Alaska Native, worked as an ad- took a flight from Munich, where ministrative assistant for the An- he was based, to see its concrete chorage management services of- and barbed-wire incarnation take fice of NANA, an Alaska Native shape. corporation owned by more than “This was an opportunity to see 14,000 Inupiaq shareholders. Dur- mankind at it worst,” he said in an ing the week, she would go into the interview in 2009 for the Freedom office only to pick up paperwork. Forum, a First Amendment advo- The office reopened in the sum- SCOTT WELLS cacy group. “Perhaps the worst mer, and she made sure to wear Amanda Bouffioux had aspira- that I saw was in Bernauer her mask. tions of owning a business. Strasse, where apartment houses After a family day trip to the suddenly become a wall; work- port city of Seward in mid-August, owning her own business. men were inside, under guard, Ms. Bouffioux started to feel sick. smashing windows, knocking the “When she put her mind to Her partner, Scott Wells, insisted something, she made things hap- wooden frames out and bricking that she go to a hospital, where up the holes.” pen,” her sister Clarissa Coffin she tested positive for the virus. The bricks, he added, prevented said. “She was so unselfish and She was sent home and isolated people on the inside from leaping just so good at taking care of peo- to freedom. herself in their bedroom, away ple.” Mr. Mater, who had a long ca- from their children, Chris, 8, and At her burial in Anchorage, her reer as a newspaperman, broad- Terrisa, 9. He and the children had three older sons from a previous cast executive and First Amend- tested negative. relationship, Nickolaus Bouffioux, When her condition worsened, ment advocate, died on Sept. 20 in ITV/SHUTTERSTOCK Daniel Gallahorn and Robert Gal- Mr. Wells took Ms. Bouffioux back a hospice center in Bethlehem, Pa. Bobby Ball, right, and Tommy Cannon drew millions of TV viewers in the 1980s. lahorn, served as pallbearers. He was 93. Jeanne Mater, his to the hospital and this time, she “She was quiet and shy and so daughter, said the cause was com- was admitted. Several days later, smart,” Mr. Wells said of Ms. Bouf- plications of Covid-19. on Aug. 19, she was intubated and fioux. “She loved to read and loved Gene Paul Mater (pronounced put on a ventilator. to learn, and she was great at Pic- MAY-ter) was born in Brooklyn on Bobby Ball, 76 “She called the day they were tionary and Trivial Pursuit. She Nov. 27, 1926. His father, Albert, Half of a Silly Yet Sincere Comedy Duo in Britain going to intubate her,” Mr. Wells was an amazing mother. I’ve was a house painter. His mother, said in an interview. “I told her I never known a more patient and Emma (Landau) Mater, was a loved her, not to worry about the By ANITA GATES welder, Thomas Derbyshire, joined the loving mother.” homemaker who volunteered to kids, just work on getting better. For her family and friends, Ms. sell war bonds during World War company, the two became friends. Soon Bobby Ball had a look that fit his slapstick That was the last time I talked to Bouffioux’s death was a stark re- II. After studying engineering for they were a singing duo, calling themselves humor. He was a slightly stocky 5-foot-3, her.” minder of the unpredictability of two years at the Polytechnic Insti- with a head of dark, bushy hair, a similarly Bobby and Stevie Rhythm, then the Sher- Ms. Bouffioux died on Sept. 8 at the virus; at one point the state tute of Brooklyn, Gene entered the impressive mustache, a gaptoothed grin rell Brothers, then the Harper Brothers. a hospital in Anchorage. She was had the lowest mortality rate in Army. and a habit of snapping his red suspenders. Later they changed their surnames and be- 44. the country, but cases are on the He was sent to West Germany His signature line, addressed to his comedy came Cannon and Ball. Amanda Pauline Bouffioux was just after the war ended and as the partner, Tommy Cannon, was “Rock on, The duo once said that they had decided rise, according to the Alaska De- born on Dec. 26, 1975, in Kotzebue, Cold War was beginning. On the Tommy!” The two were among Britain’s to expand their act to include jokes because partment of Health and Social troop ship taking him to Europe, biggest television stars in the 1980s. comics were being paid more per hour than a village above the Arctic Circle in Services. he started a newsletter to raise Mr. Ball died on Oct. 28 at a hospital in singers. northwest Alaska. Her birth par- Alaska Native people are par- morale, then used it as his pitch to London. He was 76. His manager, Phil After their series ended, the two returned ents gave her up for adoption to ticularly affected, said Dr. Joseph Duke, who confirmed the death, said Mr. to television as shopping mall security Edna and Norman Bouffioux. McLaughlin, an epidemiologist Ball had been admitted to the hospital be- guards on a short-lived sitcom, “Plaza Pa- A fan of the country singer for the department. From the because of breathing problems and tested trol” (1991). Mr. Ball continued to act, George Jones, she sang in her ginning of the pandemic through positive for Covid-19. mostly on television, in grandfather and fa- high school choir and played the Oct. 15, Alaska Native people were “Cannon & Ball,” which ran from 1979 to ther-in-law roles. flute. hospitalized five times more often 1988, drew as many as 20 million viewers on Mr. Ball’s last screen appearances — Ms. Bouffioux was taking than white Alaskans, and the mor- a Saturday night. The show was a mix of both in 2019 — were in “The Cockfields,” a courses online at a Native commu- tality rate for them was more than goofy comedy bits — about things like un- mini-series about a family birthday cele- nity college, and had dreams of four times higher. predictably reclining airline seats, obses- bration on the Isle of Wight, and “Not Going sive-compulsive bartenders and a “West Out,” a series on which he had a recurring Side Story” gang encounter involving a role as the feckless father of the star (Lee very old man — and earnest musical num- Mack). bers. He and Mr. Cannon also continued to Between skits, Mr. Ball and Mr. Cannon work together onstage. They played Las would put on tuxedos and sincerely sing Vegas as recently as 2018. Tony Stempeck, 63 LAURALEE LIGHTWOOD-MATER well-known songs, often romantic ballads, Mr. Ball and Joan Lynn married in 1964 Guardian of a Restaurant’s Legacy Gene Mater worked at CBS. like “Send In the Clowns” or “To All the and divorced in 1970. His survivors include Girls I’ve Loved Before.” his second wife, Yvonne Nugent, whom he By ALEX TRAUB Toward the end of the show’s run, Mr. married in 1974; two sons, Robert Harper the military brass to be involved in Ball, unhappy about his bad habits (drink- Jr. and Darren Harper, now a comedy team, The family that owns Casale’s news media efforts. He was as- ing, womanizing and a propensity toward from his first marriage; and a daughter, Jo- Halfway Club, the oldest restau- signed to help start newspapers violence, the press said), turned to religion. anne Ball. According to The Oldham Times, rant in Reno, Nev., had a tradition: that would be free of government He wrote “Christianity for Beginners” and his hometown newspaper, there were also When members of the clan turned interference and run by Germans began teaching vicars how to incorporate 10 grandchildren and two great-grandchil- 21, Tony Stempeck served them with clean war records. humor into their sermons. dren. their first legal drink. In all, he helped create eight pa- Robert Harper was born on Jan. 28, 1944, He didn’t plan to retire. “If no promoters His mother and the family ma- pers, seven of which still publish, in Oldham, England, a manufacturing town booked me, I’d be out there busking,” Mr. triarch, Inez Casale Stempeck, in the southwestern part of the near Manchester. Although he showed Ball told The Mirror in 2015, referring to would present the honoree with a country. After his discharge in some interest in show business in his youth, British sidewalk performers who sing or key to Casale’s — if she deemed July 1947, he worked for the Ger- he took a traditional job after high school: dance for spare change. him or her worthy. Mr. Stempeck man news service DENA. welder at a local factory. Entertaining people had been an honor, would follow up with a sermon While working in Stuttgart, Mr. But in his spare time he sang at cabarets he said, adding, “That’s all I want written about the weighty trust entailed in Mater met Jeanne Blanc, a war- around northern England. When a new on my gravestone — ‘He gave us a laugh.’” handing a 21-year-old a key to a rant officer for the French Army. restaurant with a fully stocked ASA GILMORE They married in London in 1947 bar. Tony Stempeck in Reno, Nev., and moved to the United States He died on Oct. 19 at his home in the next year. Reno. He was 63. The cause was at Casale’s Halfway Club. For the next decade, Mr. Mater Covid-19, his daughter Haley Kra- pursued newspaper work as a re- mer said. For the first time, the Casale’s porter for The San Bernardino Johnny Meadows, 59 His mother had died a month family had written recipes. Sun in California and as an editor Pro Wrestler With a Tuneful Side earlier, at 93, of causes unrelated “We’ve been raised to take the at The Star-Ledger of Newark and to the pandemic. In a blink, restaurant over,” Mr. Stempeck The New York World-Telegram Casale’s doyenne and heir appar- added. “It’s a part of keeping Old and Sun. By ALEX VADUKUL a fixture on the Southeast wrestling circuit. ent — they were called Queen Reno alive.” He joined Radio Free Europe, It is 1991 in Chicago and a spandexed When he began fighting for World Champi- Elizabeth and Prince Charles for Anthony Patrick Stempeck was which broadcast news to coun- wrestler known as Johnny Meadows is onship Wrestling, his sweaty exploits were the length of their tenures — were born on March 2, 1957, in Reno. His tries behind the Iron Curtain, in stepping into the ring of a rowdy arena to beamed onto national television. He battled both gone. mother and his father, Casimir 1959, knowing that it was funded fight an opponent called Black Blood, who stars of the era like Ric His mother called herself the Stempeck — known by his Navy by the C.I.A. but intending to im- is wearing an executioner’s mask. After Flair, the Mongolian owner-operator of the restaurant; nickname, Steamboat — ran pose rigorous journalistic stand- suffering a gnarly body slam, Meadows is Stomper, Big John Mr. Stempeck was more its social Casale’s, which Ms. Stempeck’s ards on its reporting staff, his writhing on the mat. Black Blood dramati- Studd and Abdullah the ringleader. He played dice against maternal grandparents had daughter said. After six years, cally mounts a post and leaps onto his fallen Butcher. customers on the bar, with drinks founded as a grocery store in 1937. during which he directed cover- opponent. “When I wrestled, he as the stakes. In the middle of the Tony grew up in a house out back, age of the Berlin Wall’s construc- For Johnny Meadows, it was just another let me do what I needed night, he would take everyone to so close that he could leap from his tion and other stories, he joined day at the office. to get through,” Abdul- surreptitiously hit golf balls front door into the back door of the the broadcaster’s parent, the Free lah the Butcher (Larry Meadows, whose real name was John across the wide two-way street restaurant. He graduated from Europe Committee, in Manhattan. John Condrone Shreve in real life) said Condrone, lost many of his matches during outside Casale’s. Sparks High School in 1975. CBS hired Mr. Mater as an exec- in a phone interview. his career as a fall guy (known as a “job (his real name) Sometime in the 1980s, Mr. One night while working at utive in 1970, and over 15 years “He was a good per- man”) in the heyday of old-school profes- Stempeck decided that the label of Casale's he took the purse of Janet there he acted as a spokesman for former. He was a job man, but he was a good every bottle of Jägermeister fin- sional wrestling, but he adored the garish D’Amico, a customer, and hid it be- its broadcast group, sometimes job man.” ished at the bar should be signed theater of it all. hind the bar to keep her around. testifying at federal regulatory By the mid-1990s, Mr. Condrone’s by all present and stuck to the They had a whirlwind courtship, “Dad spent most of his wrestling career hearings. wrestling era was getting edged out by wall. The ritual evolved into Mr. married in 1990 and divorced in as the guy who is supposed to lose,” his son After leaving CBS in 1985, he World Wrestling Entertainment’s heavily Stempeck’s giving patrons per- 2003. Ms. D’Amico died in 2007. Chase Condrone said. “But he had so much was a media consultant, helping branded “Attitude Era,” and he was raising mission to sign vacant wall space In addition to his daughter Ha- fun doing it. He was a showman and an en- journalists in Eastern Europe run a family, so he quit the ring. A longtime hob- (if they could find any) after they ley, Mr. Stempeck is survived by tertainer. For him, life was about putting on newspapers after the fall of the So- byist musician, he became more seriously had downed two shots of the another daughter, Cierra Marin; a show.” viet Union and, most recently, involved with songwriting. drink. Returning customers two brothers, Charlie and John working with the Freedom Forum And he found many ways to do it. He had married Karen Evans in 1992, and sometimes searched for signa- Stempeck; three sisters, Mada- in Washington, often speaking to Mr. Condrone, who lived in Maryville, they had twin boys. The couple divorced; tures they’d left decades ago. line Zanoni, Maria Rogers and international journalists. Tenn., became an accomplished singer- two other marriages also ended in divorce. “People would come from far Helen Jayme; and his partner, In addition to his daughter, Mr. songwriter in East Tennessee parodying In addition to his son Chase, he is survived and wide just to see if Tony was Lynne Clark. Mater is survived by his son, country tunes like “Bubba Claus,” about a by another son, Chandler; a brother, working that night,” Ms. Kramer A devoted father, Mr. Stempeck Rick; six grandchildren; and trailer park Santa. He sang Christian rock Bruno; a half brother, Tim; a stepbrother, said. ordered wood chips and top soil three great-grandchildren. His songs at his church, he played weddings as Butch; and his partner, Marie Owen. Mr. Stempeck strengthened for the construction of a play- wife died in 1994. a freelance D.J., and he once worked at Dol- He did session work in Nashville, he Casale’s in less visible ways. His ground at his daughters’ elemen- At the Freedom Forum, Mr. Ma- lywood as a magician. helped host a local songwriter festival, and mother had always cooked by tary school. He volunteered in the ter worked at its Newseum, the His final performance was in September he gigged at bars in the Florida Keys. taste, without needing to measure school’s front office, as a crossing Washington museum dedicated to at the Commodore Grille in Nashville. Mr. But he also kept his spandex at the ready. ingredients. When someone guard, at bake sales, at spaghetti journalism that closed last year. It Condrone died on Oct. 20 at a hospital in He appeared as Johnny Meadows at asked to publish a recipe from the buffet fund-raisers. Casale’s regu- had exhibited eight large seg- Maryville. He was 59. The cause was com- wrestling nostalgia events. And he wrote a restaurant, the family caught her lars, accustomed to the Tony who ments of the Berlin Wall. plications of Covid-19, his son said. song about his fighting days called “One giving one that was blatantly mis- poured shots of Jägermeister, Ms. Mater said her family had a John Albert Condrone was born on Nov. More Mile.” It’s an acoustic ballad told from leading. found it hard to believe, but for personal memory of her father’s 16, 1960, in Hollywood, Fla., and grew up in the perspective of an aging brawler remi- Around a decade ago, Mr. Stem- two years running he was parent visit to the wall in 1961. Harriman, Tenn., the youngest of three niscing with his old tag-team buddy. peck devised a way to determine of the year. “Dad brought each of us a piece brothers. His father, Joseph, worked as a “I remember those crazy nights,” it be- what exactly went into the dishes. After the death of Mr. Stem- of barbed wire from that Berlin boxer for a traveling carnival (customers gins. “I went down to the restaurant, peck’s mother, Ms. Kramer or- paid to fight him) and later as a truck driver. weighed every canister of spice in dered business cards for him in- visit,” she said in a phone inter- All those fights. view. “He cut it himself and had a His mother, Marie (Rizzoli) Condrone, died the kitchen, she made the sauce, I scribed with her old title: owner- We had a hell of a time. brick thrown at him by a VOPO” when John was 5. reweighed the canisters, and then operator. I had your back and you had mine, — an East German border police- Mr. Condrone started wrestling as we knew,” he told The Reno Ga- They arrived the day Mr. Stem- Right beside you in that ring. man. “The brick missed.” Johnny Meadows around 1980 and became zette Journal. peck died. A22 N THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 Saeb Erekat, Palestinians’ Chief Negotiator Amid Turmoil, Is Dead at 65 By ISABEL KERSHNER malize relations with the United JERUSALEM — Saeb Erekat, a Arab Emirates and then Bahrain, senior Palestinian official and ne- sidestepping the longtime prereq- gotiator who passionately advo- uisite of making peace with the cated the establishment of an in- Palestinians. dependent Palestinian state as a Mr. Erekat denounced the new resolution to the Israeli-Palestin- Arab openness to Israel, remind- ian conflict, died on Tuesday at a ing the world that the Palestinians hospital in Jerusalem. He was 65. were not going away, that he was The hospital, Hadassah Medical still there. Center, attributed the death to “Whatever happens, I’m the Covid-19. Officials there said he only thing that needs to be re- was admitted in critical condition solved,” he said. Insisting that the with the disease on Oct. 18 and re- Palestinian question could not ul- quired immediate ventilation and timately be ignored, he added: resuscitation; he had previously “I’m the fact on the ground. I’m had a lung transplant. They said the real fact on the ground.” he experienced multiple organ Saeb Muhammad Erekat was failure. born on April 28, 1955, the sixth of For three decades, as a confi- seven brothers and sisters, to a dant of the Palestinian leader family from Abu Dis in the Jerusa- Yasir Arafat and his successor, lem governorate, which was then President Mahmoud Abbas of the under Jordanian administration. Palestinian Authority, Mr. Erekat He grew up in Jericho in the West was one of the most prominent Bank. His father, Muhammad voices of the Palestinian cause. Erekat, lived in the United States As the chief negotiator for the for a long time as a businessman. Palestinians, he was one of the Mr. Erekat was 12 when the Is- main authors of key parts of the raeli military occupied Jericho, landmark Oslo peace accords of along with the rest of the West the 1990s, the first agreements be- Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem in tween the Israelis and the Pales- the wake of the 1967 Arab-Israeli tinians, which established Pales- War. He described that moment as tinian self-government in parts of the end of his childhood and the the occupied West Bank and Gaza beginning of his awakening as a Strip. Palestinian. Although his public statements He told interviewers that he sometimes gave him the image of was first arrested by Israeli forces a firebrand, Mr. Erekat, a West- at 13, saying variously that he was ern-educated diplomat, was liked detained for writing anti-occupa- and respected by many of his tion graffiti or for posting fliers American and Israeli counter- and throwing stones. parts, who found him frank and JACQUELYN MARTIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS At 17, he traveled to California, knowledgeable. Saeb Erekat, above in 2019, was an author on the 1990s’ Oslo where he earned bachelor’s and But his life’s ambition of helping peace accords, which established Palestinian self-government in master’s degrees in political sci- to bring about Palestinian state- ence and international relations at hood and an end to Israeli occupa- parts of the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip. From top right: Mr. Erekat, seated left, was instrumental in the Hebron Protocol San Francisco State University. tion eluded him, to his great frus- He returned to the West Bank in tration. in 1997; criticizing the Trump administration’s dealmaking in the the late 1970s and became a lec- “I’m not finished with what I Middle East in 2018; and the Jordan Valley in the West Bank. turer at An Najah National Uni- was born to do,” he recently mes- versity. He later earned a Ph.D. in saged Tzipi Livni, the former Is- peace studies from the University raeli foreign minister and a nego- back channels. A loyal member of Fatah, the of Bradford in Britain. tiating partner. The Oslo process, a source of mainstream political faction led Increasingly frustrated by the Mr. Abbas declared a three-day great optimism at the time, never by Mr. Abbas, Mr. Erekat resigned impasse in the Israeli-Palestinian period of mourning, with flags to arrived at its intended conclusion: several times from various posi- peace process, Mr. Erekat warned be flown at half-staff. a final and comprehensive peace tions to protest a policy or make a in recent years that if all hope for a “The departure of our brother agreement that the Palestinians point, but always returned to the two-state solution were lost, the and friend, the great fighter, Dr. had expected would be between fold. only realistic alternative would be Saeb Erekat, represents a huge two sovereign states, Israel and a In 2011, for instance, he re- a single, Israeli-controlled entity loss for Palestine and our people, Palestinian state in the West Bank signed as chief negotiator after in all the territory with Palestin- and we feel deeply saddened by and the Gaza Strip, with East Je- the Al Jazeera television network ians subject to an apartheidlike his passing, especially in light of rusalem as its capital. leaked details of Palestinian nego- POOL PHOTO BY MED RAWAS system. these difficult circumstances fac- Negotiations for a permanent tiating positions from a trove of “If the Trump administration ing the Palestinian cause,” Mr. Ab- deal continued on and off until confidential documents, embar- doesn’t want to talk about a two- bas said on Tuesday in a state- 2014. rassing him by suggesting that state solution on the 1967 border ment carried by Wafa, the official In December 2013, during the the Palestinians were prepared to or about one democratic state for Palestinian news agency. last round of serious negotiations, make big concessions to the Is- everyone,” he wrote last year in an Mr. Erekat, who was known for raelis. Op-Ed for The New York Times, occasional emotional outbursts, But he was back at the negotiat- “what it is actually talking about is negotiated with a determination ing table by the next round of the consolidation of a ‘one-state that his Israeli counterparts talks. reality’: one state, Israel, control- sometimes found obstructive. As A champion for In 2015, Mr. Erekat became sec- ling everything while imposing the representative of Mr. Arafat statehood whose goal retary-general of the Executive two different systems, one for Is- and Mr. Abbas, he stuck to funda- Committee of the Palestine Liber- raeli Jews and another for Pales- mental Palestinian principles and ation Organization, the umbrella became less attainable tinians. This is known as apart- hard-line, legalistic positions, at group representing secular Pales- heid.” least in public, balancing compet- as time went by. tinian factions. It was the second- When news broke several years ing imperatives to make progress highest post after the chairman- ago that Mr. Erekat had pulmo- toward an agreement without be- ship, held by Mr. Abbas. nary fibrosis and needed a lung ing seen as capitulating to Israeli “Today, we mourn the loss of a transplant, he said many Israeli demands. brokered by Secretary of State dear colleague and a Palestinian officials and private citizens had When he burst onto the interna- John Kerry, Mr. Erekat took his patriot; someone who loved life NASSER SHIYOUKHI/ASSOCIATED PRESS tional scene in 1991, as the deputy American counterpart, Martin S. and fought hard to secure a life of asked him if they could be of help. head of the Palestinian delegation Indyk, on a tour of Hisham’s Pal- freedom for himself and his peo- But others deplored the possibil- at the Madrid peace conference, ace, the remains of an 8th-century ple,” said Hanan Ashrawi, another ity that his life might be saved by he stood out amid the sea of dark- compound said to have belonged senior Palestinian official who the health system of the state he suited diplomats in his black-and- to the 10th Umayyad caliph, near worked with Mr. Erekat for dec- disparaged. white checked keffiya draped Jericho. ades. The Israeli Health Ministry ulti- around his neck. The scarf, a sym- “I meant to take Martin to the Throughout the many years of mately said that its waiting list for bol of Palestinian resistance and ruins to show him nothing lasts, negotiations, the Israelis and Pal- transplants gave priority to Is- solidarity, was viewed by the Is- and life goes on,” Mr. Erekat ex- estinians have accused each other raeli citizens, and the operation raeli delegation and others as a plained in an interview shortly af- of intransigence. But Mr. Erekat was carried out in Virginia. provocative publicity stunt. ter the talks collapsed. “These constantly sought engagement When he contracted Covid-19 But the Madrid conference, bro- were great empires — they’re with the Israelis and formed deep last month, Mr. Erekat was ini- kered by Secretary of State James gone. I know that the Israeli occu- friendships with several of his in- tially treated at home, and his A. Baker III, was the start of the pation will go.” terlocutors. family said he was recuperating first viable peace talks between Negotiators remembered Mr. One of them, Ms. Livni, said that well. But he was transferred to the the Israelis and the Arabs since Erekat as feisty and strong-willed. their talks were always honest Israeli hospital when his condition the Camp David Accord 13 years He would often react to a proposal and that when they disagreed, deteriorated. earlier, and the first time Palestin- that he thought unfair with one of which they did frequently, it was Mr. Erekat is survived by his ians participated openly in direct his signature aphorisms: “I’m in an atmosphere of mutual re- wife, Neameh; two daughters, negotiations with Israel. willing to limit my sovereignty but spect. Mr. Erekat was proud to AMMAR AWAD/REUTERS Dalal and Salam; and two sons, Separate, secret bilateral talks not my dignity” or, “I don’t walk represent the Palestinians, she Ali and Muhammad. led to the Oslo accords, a series of around with a neon sign on my said, and was admired for his deep achievements cast aside and his process “dead,” and Mr. Erekat Mr. Indyk said that Mr. Erekat interim agreements between the head saying ‘stupid.’” knowledge of the issues. goal of statehood slip further warned that a two-state solution had been “committed to peace un- Israelis and the Palestinians, “His negotiating style was to “He viewed it as his destiny to away. was becoming impossible. Mr. til his last breath” and that he had starting in 1993. hold on to what cards he had be- try to achieve peace,” she said. The stalemate with Israel has Trump and Prime Minister Ben- told Mr. Indyk privately that he Mr. Erekat was instrumental in cause he had so few,” Mr. Indyk Mr. Erekat was less popular only hardened under the Trump jamin Netanyahu of Israel “have had no problem with recognizing negotiating the Oslo II Accord in said. “But at heart he was deeply among other Israelis, however. administration, which has openly managed to destroy that hope,” he Israel as a Jewish state once Pal- 1995, the Hebron Protocol in 1997 committed to the two-state solu- They castigated him for cam- sided with Israel. said. estinian needs had been met in a and the Wye River Memorandum tion.” paigning to sue Israel for war After the United States recog- When President Trump final agreement. The Israelis have in 1998, all of which transferred Is- Ghassan Khatib, a Palestinian crimes in the International Crimi- nized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital presented his long-awaited peace long demanded such recognition, raeli-controlled territory to the political scientist who partici- nal Court and for accusing Israel in 2017 and moved its embassy plan in January, the Palestinian and the Palestinians publicly re- Palestinians. He was responsible pated in the Madrid talks, said Mr. of carrying out a massacre in the there six months later, upending leadership angrily rejected it out jected it, a major sticking point. for drafting the texts of the agree- Erekat had also worked to docu- Jenin refugee camp in 2002, an al- years of American diplomacy, the of hand, describing it as hope- For Mr. Erekat, the establish- ments on behalf of the Palestin- ment the history of the peace legation that turned out to be un- Palestinian leadership rejected lessly weighted toward Israeli in- ment of a Palestinian state was ians. At other times, though, he process to learn its lessons. “He founded. the possibility of further Ameri- terests. “not a question of if, but when,” Mr. was sidelined by his bosses, who became the Palestinian memory In recent years, as his health de- can-brokered talks. In August, the administration Indyk said, adding, “The tragedy preferred to negotiate through of this era,” Mr. Khatib said. teriorated, he saw his diplomatic Mr. Abbas declared the Oslo brokered a deal for Israel to nor- is he never got to the ‘when.’”

Paul Shanley, 89, Ex-Priest in Child Sexual Abuse Scandal

WARE, Mass. (AP) — Paul R. winning book about Boston. the church central to both roles, Shanley, a former priest who fig- But in 2004 the Vatican de- providing both his mission and his ured prominently in the child sex- frocked him after dozens of men Defrocked in 2004 cover.” ual abuse scandal in Boston in the came forward and reported that A police chief who was involved early 2000s that rocked the Ro- he had sexually abused them. In after dozens of men in his arrest called him simply “a man Catholic Church, has died at 2005, he was convicted of raping a stepped forward. wolf in sheep’s clothing.” 89. 6-year-old boy in 1983 at a subur- Paul Richard Shanley was born ban church where he had been The police in Ware, a town in 1931 in Boston in Dorchester, at pastor. He was sentenced to 12 to in west-central Massachusetts the time a heavily Irish-American, 15 years in prison. were made public during the scan- where Mr. Shanley had lived since working-class section of the city. His release in 2017 set off a fire- dal indicated that Mr. Shanley had his release from prison in 2017, His father owned a bowling alley storm of protest by some of his attended a forum with others who confirmed his death on Friday. and pool room. His mother was a WFXT-TV, Boston’s Fox News af- victims and their families. later formed the North American Man-Boy Love Association, or legal secretary. While in high filiate, said he died of heart failure The clergy sex-abuse scandal NAMBLA, a pedophile advocacy school, Paul Shanley worked as a on Oct. 28. exploded in Boston in 2002 after organization. camp counselor. He later main- Mr. Shanley became well The Boston Globe’s Spotlight investigation team revealed that for In a long article about him as tained that as a 12-year-old he had known in Boston and beyond in decades dozens of priests, includ- the scandal unfolded in 2002, The been molested by a priest. the 1960s and ’70s as an admired ing Mr. Shanley, had molested and New York Times wrote: “Inter- He attended St. John’s Semi- “street priest,” counseling gay and raped children while church su- views with Father Shanley’s ac- nary in Boston and was ordained a troubled youths. pervisors covered up the crimes cusers, his relatives and people priest in 1960. The journalist J. Anthony Lukas and shuffled the priests from who worked with him, as well as The Archdiocese of Boston, the mentioned him in “Common parish to parish. (A 2015 movie an examination of thousands of fourth-largest in the United Ground,” his 1985 Pulitzer Prize- based on the investigation, “Spot- pages of court papers and his pre- States, with more than 1.8 million CHARLES KRUPA/ASSOCIATED PRESS light,” won the Academy Award viously undisclosed private writ- Catholics, has called Mr. Shanley’s Paul R. Shanley in 2005 in a Cambridge, Mass., court after being The New York Times contributed for best picture.) ings, portray a man split in two: crimes against children “repre- sentenced to 12 to 15 years in prison for raping a boy in 1983. reporting. Internal church records that part protector, part predator, with hensible.” THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A23 Tom Heinsohn, 10-Time Champion Who Bled Celtic Green, Dies at 86 By RICHARD GOLDSTEIN land seashore, were displayed in coach lit, only to have it blow up in Tom Heinsohn, the Hall of Fame shows and at museums. his face. forward who played on eight He was bemused by that call- Heinsohn was president of the N.B.A. championship teams with ing, spawned in his grammar N.B.A. players’ association when the Boston Celtics, coached them school years in New Jersey. a pension dispute delayed the to two titles and became their pas- “I was probably the least likely players taking the floor at Boston sionate broadcaster for more than artist,” he once told The New York Garden for the start of the 1964 40 years, died on Monday at his Times. “As a coach I was the Ralph All-Star Game. They did come out home in Newton, Mass. He was 86. Kramden of basketball, always of their locker rooms, and the is- Jeff Twiss, a spokesman for the stomping and screaming.” sue was eventually resolved. Celtics, confirmed the death. He Thomas William Heinsohn was Heinsohn retired because of a said Heinsohn had multiple ill- born on Aug. 26, 1934, in Jersey foot injury when he was only 30 nesses, including diabetes and City. After his family moved to Un- years old, having averaged 18.6 chronic obstructive pulmonary ion City, N.J., he became a basket- points and 8.8 rebounds a game. disease, or C.O.P.D. ball star there at St. Michael’s He was elected to the Basketball Playing on the parquet floor of High School. Hall of Fame in Springfield, Mass., the old Boston Garden from 1956 In college Heinsohn was an All- in 1986 as a player and in 2015 as a to 1965, Heinsohn brought a su- American at Holy Cross in Worce- coach. perb shooting touch to the dy- ster, Mass., taking the Crusaders Coaching Celtics teams built nasty engineered by Coach Red to the 1954 National Invitation around center Dave Cowens and Auerbach. He loved to shoot, most Tournament championship as a guard Jo Jo White, along with vet- famously hitting flat-trajectory sophomore and averaging 27.1 erans like Havlicek, Paul Silas and jumpers, and he had a deadly run- points a game as a senior. He Don Nelson, Heinsohn had a ning hook. scored 1,789 points in three sea- string of winning seasons. In addi- Heinsohn was the N.B.A.’s rook- sons to surpass his future team- tion to winning two champi- ie of the year in 1957, capping the mate Bob Cousy as the school’s ca- onships, he was the N.B.A.’s coach season by scoring 37 points when reer scoring leader. of the year in 1973, when the Celt- the Celtics defeated the St. Louis The Celtics made Heinsohn a ics had a league-best 68-14 record, Hawks for the first N.B.A. champi- territorial draft pick (something though they lost in the playoffs to onship in their history. He was a no longer in existence), and he the Knicks, the eventual league six-time All-Star. won rookie of the year honors at a champions. Coaching a rebuilt team after milestone time for the team — its Auerbach, who put those Bos- the retirement of Bill Russell, who first championship after the mid- ton teams together as the general had become a player-coach with season arrival of Russell, who had manager, replaced Heinsohn with the Celtics after revolutionizing played in the 1956 Summer Sanders in January 1978 when the the game with his defensive prow- Olympics in Melbourne, Austral- Celtics were 11-23, but called it ess at center, Heinsohn took Bos- ia, after leading the University of “the most traumatic experience in San Francisco to two N.C.A.A. ti- ton to N.B.A. championships in my 32 years in the N.B.A.” He tles. 1974 and ’76. complained that the players had As the Celtics’ TV color analyst, Heinsohn, 6 feet 7 and 220 been around Heinsohn so long pounds or so, had 23 rebounds to he bemoaned referees’ calls that that they didn’t seem to be listen- went against Boston while exult- go with his 37 points when the ing to him any longer. ing, “That’s the basketball I’m Celtics won the 1957 N.B.A. cham- But Heinsohn was very much a talking about!” when they scored pionship, defeating the St. Louis Celtic for decades to come as their Hawks, 125-123, in a Game 7 dou- TV analyst. Playing off his long- ble overtime. standing fury with referees’ calls, He played at varying times with he once did a Miller Lite commer- Russell, Frank Ramsey, Tom An intense player, cial in which the former referee Sanders and John Havlicek up Mendy Rudolph ejected him from coach and announcer front, and Cousy, Bill Sharman, a bar in an argument over K.C. Jones and Sam Jones in the ASSOCIATED PRESS synonymous with backcourt. whether the beer was less filling Tom Heinsohn, left, with John Havlicek after coaching the Celtics to the N.B.A. title in 1974. or tasted great. Boston basketball. But Heinsohn became the target of Auerbach’s ire over his con- Heinsohn is survived by two ditioning. sons, Paul Heinsohn and David In his memoir “Second Wind” Heinsohn-Roe, and a daughter, off fast breaks the way the Celtics (1979, with Taylor Branch), Rus- Donna Kumf, all of whom he had of his playing days had done. He sell said that Heinsohn had not al- with his first wife, Diana Hein- gave the Celtics players “Tommy ways gotten the most out of his tal- sohn; his partner, Karen Veinotte; points” for hustle and toughness. ent. his sister, Marion Merletto; and Apart from his intensity behind “Though Red yelled at him for seven grandchildren. the microphone, Heinsohn en- about an hour every day, it wasn’t Heinsohn was a color commen- deared himself to Celtics fans by enough,” Russell wrote. “Tommy tator and studio analyst for the showing a softer side, telling how should have been a much better Celtics into 2020 but was replaced “the redhead in Needham” would rebounder than he was, and he for road games by Brian Scal- have reacted to particular plays — never got into peak condition.” abrine several years ago. a running tribute to his wife, Hel- But as K.C. Jones told Dan Mike Gorman, Heinsohn’s long- en (Weiss) Heinsohn, who was be- Shaughnessy in “Ever Green” time partner as the Celtics’ playing treated for cancer. (She died in (1990), “You couldn’t intimidate by-play announcer, viewed him as Needham, Mass., in 2008 at 68.) Heinie ’cause he was too busy a Celtic for life. Heinsohn found a serene world “Tommy doesn’t really do col- shooting the ball and thinking, MIKE LAWRIE/GETTY IMAGES as an accomplished painter, pur- or,” Gorman told The Boston ‘My shot, my shot, my shot.’” Heinsohn (15), reaching for a suing his love of art while playing Heinsohn got revenge on Auer- Globe in 2005. “In his heart he’s and coaching. His works, most no- bach when he turned a practical rebound in 1957, won eight still coaching the Celtics and al- tably watercolors of the New Eng- joke back on him, handing him an championships as a player and ways will be. If it was possible to exploding cigar — Auerbach had two as a coach. He was hon- still be playing for this team, he Alex Traub contributed reporting. once given him one — which the ored in Boston, above, in 2016. would be.” PETER J. CARROLL/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths

BURGER—Barbara. story, his amazing love of life de WINTER—Janet Wiener. William Friedman and sister Ho and they moved to Tai- Burger, Barbara Friedman, Norman Levine, Carol We mourn the loss of our and laughter, and his devo- Blanche Friedman. Private wan. In 1959 the family immi- LEVINE—Carol Colitti, Survived by daughters Mag- Butler, Daniel Hoffman, Jacqueline McQuillan, Thomas good friend Barbara. For tion to family and friends. gie (Darryl) Hoffman, Eli- services will be held at Rubin grated with their three sons age 69, of New York City more than 40 years we have “Well done, good and faithful zabeth Wiener, Emily Memorial Chapel and he will to the United States settling in passed away on November 8 Corrigan, Marcia Ho, Grace Lee Slattery, Thomas shared joys and sorrows. Bar- servant!” Funeral will be held be laid to rest with military NYC where her daughter was after a sudden and brief ill- (Frank) Bukow, stepchildren Wiener, Janet Landa, Phyllis bara was a true woman of va- 13th November 2020, 10am Deborah (Philip) Sussman, honors at South Florida Na- born. After the unexpected ness. Her husband of 38 lor—a loving wife, caring at Church of St. Francis in James (Jennifer) de Winter, tional Cemetery in Lake death of her husband in 1970, years, Dr. Gary Levine, and mother and mother-in-law, Chelsea, NYC, with a celebra- Julia (Scott) Stein, 16 grand- Worth, FL. Donations can be she supported her four child- son Benjamin Levine (New and doting grandmother, all tion of Dan's life to follow children, twin brother David made to pancan.org in me- ren as a single parent and en- York City) were at her side. McQUILLAN—Thomas A., Annunciation in Crestwood while she built a successful next year. In lieu of flowers, Goldstick. She lived life with mory of Dr. Friedman. couraged them to complete She is also survived by her devoted husband of Marga- and was honored to have law practice. Her warmth, ge- donations in his memory enthusiasm and generosity. their education, working as a siblings Deborah Colitti (New ret A. (Peggy), died peaceful- served the parish in various nerosity, and kindness may be made to the food bookkeeper until her retire- York City), Catherine Herchel ly at home on November 9, roles over the years. For touched all who knew her. pantry at St. Jerome HANDS HOFFMAN—Jacqueline, ment from Reynolds in 1990. (Hamden, MA), and Joseph 2020. Tom was born on March Tom, his family was the cen- She will be sorely missed. Our Community Center. of New York died peacefully Grace was known for her un- Colitti III (Briarcliff Manor, 14, 1928 to John A. and Mar- ter of his world. He most en- thoughts and prayers are on August 24, 2020 at the age wavering devotion and gene- NY), as well as beloved in- garet Higgins McQuillan in joyed spending time with with the entire Burger family. FRIEDMAN—Dr. Norman. of 80. Jacqui was born on De- rosity to her family and laws, nieces, nephews, grand- the Fordham section of the Peg, his children, grandchild- Marilyn and Tom; cember 28, 1939 in Glasgow, friends and has lived a full nieces and grand-nephews. Bronx. He was the youngest ren and his close family, at- Phyllis and Rick CORRIGAN—Marcia. Scotland. After her marriage and wonderful life. Grace is She was predeceased by her of four children and was pretending special occasions and Marcia Dearman Corrigan, to Dan Hoffman, she lived in survived by her sister Zhang parents Joseph Colitti Jr. and deceased by his siblings celebrations and just “being age 77, of Sarasota, FL (for- Israel where she gave birth Wan Li, of Sacramento CA; Carole Russell Colitti, and her Isabella M., John Q. and Mar- on the team.” Tom will be re- BURGER—Barbara. merly Saddle River, NJ) and to her son, Guy. She later her sons, Paul K. Ho, MD and sister Cynthia Colitti Burke. garet Mary. In addition to his membered for his wonderful Park East Synagogue Chatham, MA, died on No- moved to Norway where her his wife Susan of Carmel, Born and raised in Western wife Peggy, Tom is survived sense of humor and his kind mourns the passing of our de- vember 7 in Sarasota. Daugh- first daughter, Avigal, was James K. Ho and his wife Massachusetts, Carol moved by his daughters Beth (Roy nature and respectful man- voted longtime member, Bar- ter of the late Albert and born. Shortly thereafter she Katy of Boston, Tonny K. Ho to New York City after gra- Gerke) and Joanne (Ross ner towards everyone he bara Burger. Sincere con- Catherine Dearman of Knox- immigrated to the United and his wife June of NYC, and duating from Mount Holyoke Blankenship), his beloved met. A private Family funeral dolences to her beloved hus- ville, PA, she graduated from States, landing in Long Island, her daughter Kelly Ho Shea College to pursue a career in grandchildren Elizabeth and service was held. In lieu of band, Dr. Andrew Burger, and Cornell University (1965), and New York where Tiffany was and her husband Tim of Pitt- international banking. While Thomas Gerke and William flowers, the McQuillan Fami- children, Alfred (Jessica), Mi- worked for the IRS and Mor- born. At the age of 50, she sburgh and 13 grandchildren. working in Far East Lending Blankenship, and his cher- ly requests that memorial chael (Anna), Charles (Court- gan Guaranty. Vibrant, ener- moved to New York City, ful- Services were held at A.R.N. at Republic New York, she ished daughter-in-law Ann gifts be directed to Fordham ney) and Pamela, and grand- getic and intelligent, a lover filling a lifelong dream. In Funeral Home in Carmel IN. met Gary on a blind date in McCormick McQuillan. He University by visiting children. of music. Indefatigable volun- 1994 Jacqui married Milton https://legcy.co/3p1l9uk. A Greenwich Village and they was predeceased by his son, www.fordham.edu/giving or Rabbi Arthur Schneier teer - first woman Chair of Virshup who passed away service will be held at Leo F were married less than a Dcn. Thomas H., who he mailing checks to Bank of Herman Hochberg, President Valley Hospital Board of two years later. Jacqui loved Kearns Funeral Homes, 61-40 year later in 1982. After loved deeply and in whom he America-Gift Processing Trustees, Ridgewood, NJ, VP her family deeply and was a Woodhaven Boulevard, Rego honeymooning through Chi- felt immense pride. Tom at- Center, Fordham University, Park, NY, on Friday, Novem- na, Mongolia and Tibet, they PO Box 417762, Boston, MA BUTLER—Daniel Patrick, Board of Directors of Key Dr. Norman Elliott Friedman, proud grandmother of five. tended Our Lady of Mercy Chorale, Sarasota, and many She loved her friends like fa- ber 13th with Burial at Maple moved to San Francisco School and Fordham Prepa- 02241-7762. passed away November 2, age 91, formerly of Scarsdale, where Carol worked in Latin other organizations and mily and kept in touch with Grove Cemetery in NYC. Pro- ratory School. Upon gradua- SLATTERY—Dr. 2020, at the age of 80. He was NY died November 7, 2020 at per pandemic precautions American Lending & Credit the beloved husband of 55 causes. Survivors include his home in Boca Raton, FL. family and friends around the tion from the Prep in 1946, he Thomas C., husband of 52 years, Michael world. Jacqui is survived by will be required for in-person Policy at Crocker and Wells enlisted in the US Army and years to Kathleen McGroder Born July 26, 1929 to Isadore Fargo Banks, and was Vice age 85, died peacefully at V. Corrigan, a retired partner her daughter Avigal Horrow, visits including masking. and served in active duty in Occu- 3:50pm CST on November 2, Butler, adored father to and Anna Friedman in Yon- social distancing. Memorial President & Relationship Patricia Butler Erickson and of the law firm Simpson kers, NY, Dr. Friedman gra- son-in-law Michael Horrow, pied Japan. Following his ho- 2020 in Cedar Rapids, IA. His Thacher & Bartlett, sister granddaughters Talia, Corey contributions can be made to Manager at ABN AMRO norable discharge, he attend- Ann Healy Butler, grandfath- duated number one in New Bank. After Ben was born, the life spanned the world of Mu- Rhoda Dearman Morrisroe, and Rebecca, daughter Tiffa- Hilarity for Charity (to sup- ed Fordham University gra- sic, Real Estate, and Entre- er to Katherine and Annie York State from Yonkers port Alzheimer's care): family moved to Northamp- Erickson, brother of Patricia and many nieces and nep- High, received his undergra- ny Taxel, and grandsons duating in 1952 and continued preneurship. He was a man David and Jeremy. She was https://wearehfc.org/ or the ton, MA. Carol was soon re- Butler, and father-in-law to hews. Contributions to Valley duate degree from Columbia to serve in the Air Force Re- of great passion, wit, intel- predeceased by her husband Buddhist Association of the cruited back by ABN AMRO Jeff Erickson and Bill Miller. Hospital Foundation University and his medical serve for several years. ligence, and character. He (www.valleyhospitalfoundati Milton and her son, Guy Hoff- US: https://www.baus.org. to be Senior Vice President, While still in college, he met Dan was born in the South degree from SUNY Down- Managing Director and Head will be missed. A private fa- Bronx to Patrick Joseph and on.org) or to Key Chorale, state. From 1957-1959 he man, father of David and the love of his life, Peggy mily burial will take place at Inc., Sarasota, Florida Jeremy. of its Boston Group, finishing O'Neill. They married in 1953 Hannah Butler, was a gra- proudly served as a Captain her career as Global Manag- Cherry Mound Cemetery in duate of St. Luke School and (https://keychorale.org) wel- in the U.S. Army in Germany and in a few years settled in Harper's Ferry, IA. come. ing Director and Head of East Crestwood, his family's Cardinal Hayes High School returning home to complete LANDA—Phyllis Witriol, Coast Client Group, New in the Bronx, and became the his OB/GYN residency at HO—Grace Lee, (nee Deutsch), hometown, with their three York. After retiring from children. Tom and Peg en- In Memoriam first person in his family to Long Island College Hospital age 77, passed away peace- banking, Carol avidly pursued graduate from college re- where he was Chief Resident. fully the morning of Monday, joyed 67 years of marriage her love of language, author- with hardly a day apart. Tom ceiving his bachelor's and WIENER-deWINTER— He was an adored and gifted November 9, 2020 after her ing a book, a featured travel GORE—Gerie. MBA from Fordham Univer- Janet. physician in practice for 40 valiant fight against cancer. had a long career with the Fe- 11/11/1919 - 5/21/2012 column, and several opinion, deral Government in the Ge- sity. He worked as a rock and My wonderful twin sister years at St. John's Riverside She was born in the Bronx, literary, and food blogs. She Celebrating your 101st birth- roll singer and an actor, then Janet (Nanny Goat) passed Hospital in Yonkers, NY, brie- raised in Queens, and lived neral Accounting Office, ris- day and remembering your was a formidable and proud ing quickly through the ranks in 1968 began his life's work away this morning. Before fly serving as Chief of his de- life to the fullest in the City polemicist, and her writing clever wit, clear thinking, and as a fund raising and develop- she died from heart disease partment. Dr. Friedman de- she adored. She was loved by to the Assistant Regional relentless honesty. You are was as brilliant, inquisitive, Manager of the New York of- ment consultant for non- she called Deedy and me livered over 6,000 babies and everyone who knew her: fa- creative, provocative, irrev- eternally incomparable and profit organizations begin- from Maine to say goodbye. was instrumental in the mily, friends, business clients, fice. He was highly respected so much loved and missed. erent, and brave as she was. by his colleagues, many of ning with the Greater New My twin had us in her health, and at times, life- restaurant workers, shopkee- Carol's love for and devotion Eloise and Allen York Fund. He founded the thoughts till the very end. As saving procedures, for thou- pers, nurses, and on and on. whom became his close per- to her husband, cherished sonal friends, and he retired PINKAS—Robert P. Daniel P. Butler Company in children, she shared her ice sands of patients. Brilliant She was the most generous, son, family and friends were cream cone with only me. perceptive, wise, fun, funny, after 43 years of service. Nov. 11, 1953 - March 18, 2012 1975, serving hundreds of and humble, he loved his boundless, and her energy Happy Birthday clients including hospitals, Without her help, I would still work, his family and friends, warm person, and she leaves Tom was a longtime parish- filled any room she walked ioner of The Church of the Love, Mort colleges and universities, be in 11th grade English. We and was always ready with a behind a legion of people into. She will be painfully Boys and Girls Clubs and the had lost our older sister Ellen witty joke. Dr. Friedman is whose lives she touched im- missed, but the impact she performing arts. He taught to cancer some 42 years ago. survived by his beloved wife, measurably. She will be pro- had on everyone she knew is and mentored many students Deedy helped ease the pain Melinda of 55 years, son Dr. 95, of Carmel, IN formerly of foundly cherished and indelible. Her family and in his field at NYU for over 35 of loss by becoming that sis- Michael J. Friedman (Maria) Rego Park and White Plains, missed, most of all by her friends will celebrate her ex- years and is the author of ter to Janet. Our love and of Philadelphia, PA, daughter NY and Newton, MA passed husband Saul, who was with traordinary life at a later date “Raising Money for Good and heartfelt sympathy go out to Wendy J. Friedman of New away on October 29, 2020. She her for 48 years. Private ser- in a way she would approve Worthy Causes.” Dan was the Wiener and deWinter fa- York, NY, cherished extend- was born on March 7, 1925 in vices will be held in her ho- likely involving a large boat known for his huge and gene- milies. We will miss you, ed family and his faithful dog Kun Ming, China to the late nor. In lieu of flowers, me- somewhere warm and sunny. rous spirit, his ability to cap- Janet. Obie. He was predeceased by Wen Yan Li and Bing Zhi Li. morial donations may be ture any room with a riveting Deedy and David Goldstick his brother and best friend S. In 1949, Grace married Shao I made to the PBS Foundation. A24 WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

LETTERS The Mixed Messages in the Election TO THE EDITOR: cial media because of his Hallow- In “What Voters Are Trying to Tell een costume. In this second Amer- Us” (column, Nov. 6), David ica both sides thrive on moral Brooks argues, “Election after outrage, but it frequently alienates election, the emerging Democratic the moderate voter. majority fails to emerge,” because The news media focuses on the of a supposed emphasis on political angry America, but the calm, re- correctness rather than policy. Yet spectful America exists. I hope and Joe Biden, a good man but not an pray that the America of civil, especially charismatic candidate, productive debates will win. will take the presidency by restor- JAMES HORTON, CHARLOTTE, N.C. ing the blue wall of Michigan, Wisconsin and Pennsylvania, perhaps flipping Georgia (!) and TO THE EDITOR: probably Arizona, and winning the One need only look around David popular vote by around five million Brooks’s own newspaper to under- votes. stand why he and other members Democrats may yet take the of the public see Democrats as Senate by winning two runoffs in “smug, self-congratulatory and Georgia, and have retained a ma- off-putting.” As I sit here in the jority in the House. This follows a heartland and read The Times, I blue wave in 2018 and a near miss can’t count the number of refer- in 2016 by a historically polarizing ences I’ve seen to Alexandria candidate, Hillary Clinton, who Ocasio-Cortez and “the Squad.” I’m nonetheless won the popular vote sure President Trump and the by more than three million. And other Republican leadership are Donald Trump may have been delighted every time you spotlight unique among Republicans in his them. DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES ability to galvanize disaffected, Meanwhile, my reasonable and white, male working-class voters, responsible Democratic represent- who in any event comprise a ative (Mark Pocan) and senator The G.O.P. Is Attacking Democracy shrinking demographic. (Tammy Baldwin) are largely I am not blue about the future of ignored by the national media. Obama, who called Mr. Trump before sun- Sure, Democrats are mad at Mr. Trump the Democratic Party. Certainly they are much closer to Jesse Wegman the typical Democratic voter and rise to congratulate him and to “invite him and opposed to his presidency — not only JESSE SIEGEL, GREENLAWN, N.Y. to come to the White House tomorrow to because he lost the popular vote by so could share important insights if talk about making sure that there is a suc- much, but because he was and remains so you asked. T TURNS out there was a coordinated cessful transition between our presiden- manifestly unfit to hold the office, as many TO THE EDITOR: I guess you will pay attention to attack on the 2020 election after all. It cies.” top Republicans used to say themselves. them only when the president began several years ago and acceler- I am a registered Democrat and a This is what you do when you lose an One of the countless measures of Mr. includes them in a rant and gives ated in the last several months. Now moderate. David Brooks’s interpre- I election. Republicans still howled in out- Trump’s unfitness is his willingness to ac- tation is exactly my take on the them childish nicknames. that Election Day has passed, it has rage because Mrs. Clinton had dared to cept or even solicit foreign interference to launched into overdrive. election. I have said many of the BRUCE HARVILLE, MADISON, WIS. hold off conceding on election night itself. win. That is why, if there was any cheating Its weapons are baseless insinuation same things to friends in the past It is now one full week after Election in the 2020 election, it was committed by and evidence-free charges, deployed few days, believing now, though, Day 2020. Joe Biden has prevailed in the the president himself, when he tried to ex- TO THE EDITOR: solely to sow chaos and undermine the re- that the country is ripe for a third Electoral College by a margin that, if cur- tort a foreign nation to gin up dirt on Mr. After I read David Brooks’s column sults of a free and fair election — one that party that is centrist. rent leads hold, will be identical to Donald Biden and his son Hunter. For this high describing the continuing state of produced a clear winner and an even Trump’s in 2016. When the counting is crime he was impeached by the House of OUIDA VINCENT, CORTEZ, COLO. polarization, and how the Demo- clearer loser. complete, his popular-vote margin could Representatives. To be clear, that im- crats have failed to connect with a But the most dangerous attackers of be twice as big as Hillary Clinton’s. peachment was not the result of Demo- large group of working-class voters American democracy aren’t the Russians TO THE EDITOR: And yet with painfully few exceptions, crats’ refusal to accept his legitimacy to who supported Democrats in the or the Chinese. They are the leaders of the Working the polls on Election Day, Republicans are silent. No congratula- govern; it was a result of his decision to past but have shifted their support Republican Party. I saw two Americas: In one Amer- tions to Mr. Biden and his running mate, squander that legitimacy yet again by be- to Republicans recently, an idea In the face of a commanding national ica Republicans and Democrats Vice President-elect Kamala Harris. No having like a strongman. emerged: As soon as his term triumph by President-elect Joe Biden — had respectful, cordial disagree- concessions. No acknowledgment that But the bigger picture here is the dec- starts, Joe Biden should send a not just an Electoral College victory but a any world exists beyond their fantasy one ade-long descent of the Republican Party ments. I saw the Republican candi- popular-vote margin that is approaching date for the North Carolina House high administration official on a in which only Republicans may rule. In- which now prefers conspiracy theories listening tour around the country five million — President Trump and top stead we hear endless droning about “vot- over facts, magical thinking over science of Representatives, Don Pomeroy, Republicans are behaving like spoiled and his Democratic competitor, to try to understand voters’ con- ing irregularities” or “fraud” or whatever and delegitimizing its political opponents cerns, and then work on address- children refusing to let go of their toys. euphemism Republicans have agreed on over substantive and responsible govern- Brandon Lofton, have a cordial “President Trump is 100 percent within conversation for about 15 minutes. ing those concerns. I think this this year to describe Black and brown peo- ance. Just a few recent examples: The rac- would build good will and hope- his rights to look into allegations of irregu- ple voting in large numbers. ist birther slurs that Mr. Trump spear- I saw Republican and Democratic larities and weigh his legal options,” said poll workers have polite conversa- fully strengthen the Democratic By the way, for a party that professes to headed against Mr. Obama; the reflexive Party’s connection to the voters. Mitch McConnell, the Senate majority care so much about election integrity, Re- opposition to everything Mr. Obama tried tions. That administration official leader, even as he celebrated Republican publicans have an odd way of showing it. to do, even before he took office; the blan- In another America, I saw a could be Kamala Harris, or a cab- pickups in the House of Representatives. Democrats have tried to pass multiple ket denial of his appointment of federal Republican man yell at a young inet member or perhaps a special Apparently, the same ballots that may be measures enhancing election security in judges, culminating in the theft of a Su- Democrat about the Brett Kava- fraudulent at the presidential level are recent years, some with bipartisan sup- preme Court vacancy that arose nearly a naugh hearings. I saw a “woke” adviser hired for just that effort. fine a few lines farther down, where Re- port. Mitch McConnell keeps blocking year before he left office; and finally, the Democrat call out a friend on so- ANDREW ROTH, SOUTH ORANGE, N.J. publicans are winning more of them. them, or being stingy with funding. seating of Mr. Trump’s Supreme Court Attorney General Bill Barr, who has re- Of course any election irregularities nominee only days before an election that peated the president’s lies that absentee should be brought to light, if they exist. he lost fair and square. ballots were a source of widespread voter But what Republicans have brought forth Republicans have been working tire- fraud, authorized the Justice Department instead is a slurry of unverified allega- lessly to make voting harder for many Trump’s Frivolous Lawsuits ‘Cool Your Heels, A.O.C.’ to look into “substantial allegations” of tions and flat-out bogus claims racing years, and especially this year, for pre- voting irregularities. In response, the de- around social media, and filing lawsuits cisely this reason. They knew that Mr. TO THE EDITOR: TO THE EDITOR: partment official who oversees voter- that would be sanctionable under normal Trump was unpopular and that Mr. Biden fraud investigations stepped down. Re “Consternation in Law Firms Re “Some House Democrats Were circumstances. Senator Lindsey Graham would probably win if more people voted. Filing Suits for Trump” (news ‘Sitting Ducks’” (news article, Nov. The rot pervades the administration. of South Carolina said, “Philadelphia elec- When voter suppression failed, they had article, Nov. 10): 9): The Trump-appointed head of the General tions are as crooked as a snake,” without only two options: accept their fate like se- So the lawyers at Jones Day are For everything there is a season. Services Administration, Emily W. Mur- offering any evidence. The new genera- rious and responsible people do, or claim raising concerns about the “propri- Representative Alexandria Ocasio- phy, has yet to recognize Mr. Biden as the tion of Republican leaders preach and that any loss they suffered was by defini- winner of the election and the president- preen about how only “legal” votes should tion the result of fraud. ety and wisdom” of representing Cortez’s comments in support of elect, preventing him from accessing mil- be counted, as though they have discov- Once again, they picked door number President Trump in his baseless the progressive agenda, on the day lions of dollars in funds, national-security ered some long-lost secret rather than a two. This is the problem with getting com- suits asserting election fraud. that Joe Biden became our presi- tools and other essential resources to be- mundane fact about all elections. fortable with the perks of minority rule, as Here’s a suggestion: How about dent-elect, are not only tone deaf gin the long and complex task of presiden- The truth is that Republicans have con- Republicans have over the past several telling the president that his law- but also a threat to exactly that: tial transition. ditioned themselves to refuse to accept decades. It’s not just that you can ignore suits are frivolous, that he is wast- the progressive agenda. On Monday, Mr. McConnell snidely re- that they could lose despite, or precisely what most Americans want. It’s that you ing the court’s time, and that he Two Senate seats in Georgia are marked, “Let’s not have any lectures because of, all the built-in structural ad- genuinely believe that there’s no way your should grow up, show some dignity going to a runoff, determining about how the president should immedi- vantages they currently enjoy, like the opponent can win — much less by an abso- and congratulate President-elect which party holds the Senate ma- ately, cheerfully accept preliminary elec- Senate and the Electoral College. lute majority — without cheating. Joe Biden, who won fair and jority. How does A.O.C. imagine tion results from the same characters who Speaking of those advantages, do you That attitude is fatal to a democracy, the square? that any progressive legislation just spent four years refusing to accept the hear any Democrats saying that the Sen- survival of which depends, above all, on Mr. Trump wore out his welcome will pass without a Democratic validity of the last election.” ate was “stolen,” even though their minor- the loser accepting the results. The Demo- long ago, and his lawyers should majority? Oh, please. Hillary Clinton conceded ity has consistently represented many crats, along with most of the rest of the not prolong the agony he has put If there was ever a time for the 2016 election less than 24 hours after millions more Americans than the Repub- world, understand this. One party alone is the country through. Attorneys, pragmatic action, it is in these next polls closed, even though Mr. Trump had licans’ majority? Instead, after a disap- responsible for dragging the nation to this take a stand and do the right thing, two months. barely eked out wins in three decisive pointing election night, they regrouped 0 perilous place. please! Cool your heels, A.O.C., and be swing states and was trailing badly in the and said, we have to get out the vote and mindful of the long term. popular vote. So did other top Democrats, win those two runoffs in Georgia. That’s JESSE WEGMAN is a member of the editori- MADELINE MACMILLAN including, crucially, President Barack what you do in a democracy. al board. SOUTH BEND, IND. SUSAN TEICHER, URBANA, ILL. The Catholic Sex Abuse Crisis Is Far from Over Mr. McCarrick’s own history of abuse from those without the mental or physi- Mr. McCarrick was able to coerce semi- hold themselves accountable for sexual Elizabeth Bruenig underscores the gaps left by the stand- cal capacity to resist sexual advances to narians into bed with him by creating an abuses via a hotline for tips and pro- ards he helped craft in 2002. include those who have “some depriva- atmosphere of fearful cooperation at Se- cedures for investigation of bishops by tion of personal freedom,” which could ton Hall’s Immaculate Conception Semi- FTER the Catholic sex abuse crisis While the charter improved the senior bishops, those policies allow for church’s policies on sex abuse preven- include seminarians and junior priests nary School of Theology. I have heard exploded into headlines in 2002, no oversight from laypeople. But lay par- tion and its management of allegations, it who rely on their bishops for ordination, many similar, recent accounts from sem- ticipation in accountability processes is the United States Conference of was directed specifically at shielding promotion and favorable appointments. inarians across the country, involving a crucial, because laypeople provide a per- Catholic Bishops promulgated A children and youths from the predations Yet even that definition can be easily number of clergy members. Sexual spective less entwined with the interests standards that would guide the Ameri- of priests. As Mr. McCarrick’s exploits misconstrued. The Vatican ought to clar- abuse in Catholic seminaries has been of the church hierarchy, and because can church’s efforts to protect children. show, it isn’t just children who are at risk ify that any sexual contact suggested or well known since at least 1983, when the trust and transparency are sorely lack- In May 2002, the editorial board of USA of sexual exploitation in the church. initiated by a superior in the church hier- author Paul Hendrickson published ing in the church. Today met with an American bishop who While Mr. McCarrick did sexually “Seminary: A Search,” detailing his own Tuesday’s report is, I suspect, as re- would play an important role in shaping abuse children, some of the more egre- experiences. The Catholic seminary sys- markably unflinching as it is precisely the new regulations. gious of his offenses were committed tem is long overdue for a thorough, inde- because it was written by a layperson, “We haven’t been focused on the Lord; What can we learn about against adults, namely seminarians he pendent investigation into these disturb- the American lawyer Jeff Lena, who was I’m trying to do that,” he told them. “As I met during his tenure as a bishop in New needed reforms from the ing patterns. given vast investigative power by the see the bishops losing credibility in many Jersey. In the report, it is clear that his As a character study of Mr. McCarrick, church. It should be seen as a model for areas, I want to try to be as good a bishop peers and superiors were convinced his Vatican’s damning report? the Vatican report offers another impor- accountability processes for bishops and as I can be. I’ve got a long way to go.” It case wasn’t particularly urgent because tant area for review: the spiritual forma- other senior church officials going for- now seems that bishop, Theodore Mc- Mr. McCarrick preyed mostly on adults. tion of its clergymen. Mr. McCarrick’s ward. Carrick, had further to go than it seemed. There appears to be confusion among archy involving an inferior will be met sexual behavior seemed at times juve- The church stands at a crossroads. It But the report the Vatican released prelates throughout the document as to with the same rigorous reprimands — in- nile, arrested; he clearly felt lonely and can continue to fight legislation that Tuesday on Mr. McCarrick’s history of whether what had transpired between cluding removal from one’s post and pos- longed for intimacy and was unable to would empower victims to seek redress sexual misconduct before he was re- Mr. McCarrick and these seminarians sibly laicization — as similar offenses find a licit way to channel those emo- and respond to abuse long after the fact, moved from the College of Cardinals and ought to be seen as consensual sexual ac- committed against children. Likewise, tions. If policies regarding Catholic such as the suspension of statutes of limi- defrocked in 2019 sheds harsh light on tivity between adults — which would be a priests, seminarians and other adult vic- clergy and sex aren’t going to change, tation in sex abuse cases. Or it can con- the church’s unfinished response to the sin and an error, by the church’s count, tims of clergy sex abuse need reliable then something must, and it’s reasonable fess the way it asks us to confess, and re- sex abuse crisis. It indicates policy weak- though not necessarily a career-ending ways to report misconduct with trans- to begin with the way those considering pent the way it asks us to repent: Fully, nesses and dangerous habits that must disgrace — or as something much more parent accountability and no threat of re- holy orders are taught about the nature openly, over and over again, as often as it be corrected so figures like Mr. McCar- insidious and abusive. taliation. and goodness of sex. takes, as painful as it is. 0 rick cannot again wreak havoc on future Pope Francis has since expanded the The church is also due for a slew of cul- Then there is the problem of bishops. generations of Catholics. church’s definition of “vulnerable adults” tural reforms. According to the report, While America’s bishops have vowed to ELIZABETH BRUENIG is an Opinion writer. THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N A25

Shadow of THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN The Reagan Only Truth Can Save Our Era Persists Democracy

Jennifer Finley Boylan ON SATURDAY MORNING I was sitting in the kitchen with my wife, Ann, who was stirring her Cream of Wheat, when out of no- CAME down the stairs, hungover and where she surprised me with a question: shattered. I sang a song by The Doors. “Is not lying one of the Ten Command- “This is the end, beautiful friend, the ments?” I end.” I had to stop and think for a second my- My mother, standing in the kitchen, self, before answering: “Yes, thou shalt threw her arms around me, elated and joy- not bear false witness.” The fact that the ful. “This is the beginning,” she sang back two of us even momentarily struggled to me, although she didn’t know anything over that question is, for me, the worst leg- about Jim Morrison. acy of the Trump presidency. That song, “The End,” was already 13 You remember the old joke? Moses years old by Nov. 5, 1980, but it was every- comes down from Mount Sinai and tells where that year, after it was used in the the children of Israel: “Children, I have 1979 film “Apocalypse Now.” For me, it good news and bad news. The good news was the anthem of the times. is that I bargained him down to 10. The bad My election night party the evening pri- news is that adultery is still in.” or had ended before it began. Ronald Rea- Well, I’ve got bad news and worse gan had been declared the winner before news: We’re now down to nine. most of my guests — a cohort consisting Yes, this was a historic four years — largely of my boyfriends from high school even one of the Ten Commandments got — had even arrived. The television an- erased. Lying has been normalized at a chors started discussing the size of Mr. scale we’ve never seen before. Hence Reagan’s mandate while California was Ann’s question. I am not sure how we re- still voting. It was a wipeout: Jimmy verse it, but we’d better — and fast. Carter won only six states and the District People who do not share truths can’t de- of Columbia. feat a pandemic, can’t defend the Consti- It was the beginning of the Reagan era, tution and can’t turn the page after a bad which is what made my Republican leader. The war for truth is now the war to mother so happy. But for me — 22 years preserve our democracy. old and just out of college — it was the end, It is impossible to maintain a free soci- not just of the Carter presidency, but of ety when leaders and news purveyors feel childhood, too, and the world I thought I’d at liberty to spread lies without sanction. known. Without truth there is no agreed-upon Nov. 4, 1980, was 40 years ago, a long path forward, and without trust there is no time ago now. But in so many ways the cat- way to go down that path together. aclysms of 1980 created the world we live But our hole now is so deep, because the in today. only commandment President Trump did Mr. Reagan’s insurgency was accompa- believe in was the Eleventh: “Thou shalt nied by a flip of 12 seats in the Senate, giv- not get caught.” Lately, though, Trump ing the Republicans control of that cham- and many around him stopped believing ber for the first time since 1952. even in that — they don’t seem to care If you’re a conservative, all of that was about being caught. great news. I considered myself a moder- They know, as the saying goes, that ate then, but I still thought it was a disas- their lies are already halfway around the ter, and not even primarily because I dis- trusted the theory of trickle-down economics, or “voodoo economics,” as George The Trump presidency H.W. Bush accurately called it. But what distressed me wasn’t voodoo. It was the has dangerously idea, popularized by Mr. Reagan, that government isn’t the solution, that govern- normalized lying. ment, in fact, is the problem. No one in her right mind would make world before the truth has laced up its the case that government programs are shoes. That’s all they care about. models of efficiency, and I won’t do that The truth binds you, and Trump never now. But the idea that we should therefore wanted to be bound — not in what he could conclude that good governance is impos- ask of the president of Ukraine or say sible and that we should place all hopes for about the coronavirus or about the integrity of our election. And it nearly worked. Trump proved over five years that you The upheavals of our could lie multiple times a day — multiple times a minute — and not just win election current era did not begin but almost win re-election. We have to ensure that the likes of him with Donald Trump. never again appear in American politics. Because Trump not only liberated himself from truth, he liberated others to tell improving our lives in the hands of benef- their lies or spread his — and reap the icent and loving corporations is absurd. It benefits. His party’s elders did not care, as was absurd then, and it’s absurd today. long as he kept the base energized and For the life of me I have never been able voting red. Fox News didn’t care, as long to understand how so many Republicans as he kept its viewers glued to the channel talk about their patriotism and their love MAYA ALLERUZZO/ASSOCIATED PRESS and its ratings high. Major social net- of the flag and at the same time despise works only barely cared, as long he kept the very government the Constitution cre- their users online and their numbers ated. Is that what patriotism means now growing. Many of his voters — even evan- — hating governance, but getting all gelicals — did not care, as long as he ap- teary-eyed and sentimental about Exxon pointed anti-abortion judges. They are Mobil? How Veterans See Leadership “pro-life,” but not always pro-truth. It’s this enduring frame of mind that Israeli Bedouin expert Clinton Bailey still eats away at us. It explains, just to Mike’s reference to these leadership day night, Mr. Biden said, “Let this grim tells the story about a Bedouin chief who pick one example, Republicans’ hatred of Eliot Ackerman traits we’d learned as teenagers seemed era of demonization in America begin to discovered one day that his favorite tur- the Affordable Care Act — and why not only sentimental, but also impracti- end.” key had been stolen. He called his sons to- they’ve been trying to repeal it for all cal. My hard and positional inner voice Forgiveness is the key to that begin- gether and told them: “Boys, we are in these years, even while swearing that WO weeks ago, at the height of said: It’s policies, not sentiment, that ning. great danger now. My turkey’s been stol- they’ll protect so many of its provisions. the presidential campaign, I at- matters. Sentiment won’t stop people dy- The 75 million Americans who voted en. Find my turkey.” His boys just laughed Because since Mr. Reagan, it’s been tended a political event for my and said, “Father, what do you need that ing of the virus. It won’t get our children for Mr. Biden are not going to suddenly apostasy to suggest that good governance friend Zach Iscol, who is running turkey for?” and they ignored him. T back into school. And it won’t help restart erase the 71 million Americans who could ever do anything to improve peo- in New York City’s mayoral election next our economy. Then a few weeks later his camel was ple’s lives. Even the resistance to mask- year. Zach and I go way back. In our early voted for Mr. Trump. The 146 million peo- Wednesday is Veterans Day, and we stolen. And the chief told his sons, “Find wearing can arguably be traced back to 20s, we both fought in Falluja as Ma- ple who voted all have some reconciling are eight months into what is arguably my turkey.” A few weeks later the chief’s November 1980: Just look at all the people rines, our two platoons having advanced to do if we hope, as a country, to heal. For our greatest national crisis since the Sec- horse was stolen. His sons shrugged, and who find that a mandate to wear a mask to down opposite sides of a heavily de- our own sake, for the sake of our children ond World War. Unlike then, we are a na- the chief repeated, “Find my turkey.” keep other people from actually dying is fended street. and for the sake of our nation, I couldn’t tion divided. Battle lines have been Finally, a few weeks later his daughter somehow suppression of their freedom. Politically, there are certain issues agree with Mr. Biden more strongly on was abducted, at which point he gathered drawn all over this country, on every con- Sure, blame Donald Trump for his inept Zach and I agree on, but there are many this point. There’s no policy paper that his sons and declared: “It’s all because of ceivable issue, from the pandemic to im- pandemic response. But blame Ronald others on which we don’t. He is, however, can guide us in the work of forgiveness. the turkey! When they saw that they migration to health care. Reagan for encouraging people to hate a great leader, and so I was proud to at- Only a leader can do that. could take my turkey, we lost everything.” We’ve learned that wrongheaded poli- their own government, or to view an indi- tend a small outdoor gathering hosted by Which brings me back to Zach, with And do you know what our turkey was? cies cost lives. Mike surely knows that — vidual sacrifice for the common good as his supporters. While my wife and I whom I often disagree but who, like our Birtherism. When Trump was allowed to gunshots and shrapnel to one’s body is a some kind of tyranny. sipped drinks beneath our masks and did president-elect, is a good man. At his spread the “birther” lie for years — that good reminder of the personal effects of The pending erasure of Mr. Trump from our best version of mingling while main- event he gave a speech outlining his vi- Barack Obama, who was born in Hawaii, bad policies. Yet knowing all this, Mike the White House means that the tone will taining social distance, I met Mike, an- sion for New York City. He shared an an- was actually born in Kenya and was there- change in January, from cruelty to kind- other Falluja veteran. ecdote about one of his instructors in the fore ineligible to be president — he real- ness, from narcissism to empathy. But Joe Mike had been shot in the shoulder Marines, Capt. John W. Maloney, who ized he could get away with anything. Biden will find it a greater challenge to al- and wounded by a grenade on Thanks- Policies alone can’t guide was later killed in Iraq. Sure, Trump eventually gave that one ter the core belief, now held by so many giving Day 2004. After recovering, he left Like Zach, I remembered the grim re- up, but once he saw how easily he could Americans, that their government is the the Marine Corps and went on to a suc- us in the work of healing alities of war our instructors prepared us steal our turkey — the truth — he just kept gravest threat to their freedom. cessful business career. As we talked, the for, one of which was that the mission al- doing it, until he stole the soul of the Re- Forty years ago today, Veterans Day inevitable topic of the presidential elec- and forgiveness. ways took precedence over not only your publican Party. 1980, I left my parents’ home and moved to tion came up. My wife asked him who he own life but also the lives of the Marines And, had he been re-elected, he would New York City to — I think the phrase is — you led. This was an understandable if have stolen the soul of this nation. thought would win. was predicting Mr. Trump’s defeat based “seek my fortune.” By the end of that zero-sum view of actual war that any die- He and his collaborators are now mak- Most people I’d come across had an- not on policies but on his failure to live up week, I had a new roommate, a young hard partisan can recognize in today’s ing one last bid to use the Big Lie to de- swered Joe Biden, but then quickly to an abstract set of leadership traits. filmmaker named Charlie Kaufman. In political conflicts. Yet Captain Maloney stroy our democracy by delegitimizing equivocated, fearing a repeat of 2016. But were they really abstract? months to come, Charlie and I would work was different. He rejected this trade-off one of its greatest moments ever — when Mike expressed no such reservations. As voters cast ballots last week, I won- on novels and films, each of us at our re- Mr. Biden would definitely win, no ques- between the mission and the Marines as a record number of citizens came out to dered how many agreed with certain vote, and their votes were legitimately spective desks, and then head out into the tion, he told me. I asked whether his con- a false choice. “Instead,” Zach said, “he Trump policy positions but could not for- counted, amid a deadly pandemic. night to close down the bars of Morning- fidence came from poll numbers. He taught us that if you take care of your Ma- give him for his fundamental lack of lead- It’s vital that every reputable news or- side Heights. A very different world had shook his head, no, and answered, “JJ did rines, they will take care of the mission.” ership and the qualities traditionally as- ganization — especially television, Face- begun — for the country and for me. tie buckle.” On Saturday night, after President- The day I left home, I had packed up a cribed to that word. I fell into that catego- elect Biden spoke and his family took the book and Twitter — adopt what I call the I laughed. My wife asked what he was ry on certain issues; I approved of Mr. Trump Rule. If any official utters an obvi- U-Haul, filled with all of my junk. Suit- talking about. stage alongside him, I thought about Trump’s renegotiation of NAFTA, appre- Captain Maloney and JJ DID TIE ous falsehood or fact-free allegation, the cases of clothes. Boxes of books and JJ DID TIE BUCKLE is a mnemonic ciated his reluctance to engage in foreign BUCKLE. I thought about what Zach had interview should be immediately termi- records. My childhood bed. A little plastic all Marine recruits learn to help them wars and thought his measures on crimi- said and how that applied not only to the nated, just as many networks did with bag containing the ashes of a volcano. memorize the corps’s 14 essential leader- nal justice reform made sense. Marines, but also to our country: If you Trump’s lie-infested, postelection, news Just before I drove off, I got down on my ship traits: justice, judgment, depend- I also wondered how many voters dis- take care of Americans, they will take conference last week. If critics scream knees and hugged my old dog. I’d gotten ability, initiative, decisiveness, tact, in- agreed with many of Mr. Biden’s policy care of America, and the way you do that “censorship,” just shout back “truth.” the dog, named Sausage, for my 11th birth- tegrity, endurance, bearing, unself- day. Now that dog was gray. positions but forgave him those choices is through leadership. At the same time, we need to require ev- ishness, courage, knowledge, loyalty, en- My mother burst into tears. “This is the because of his strong leadership. Again, I I was still watching television as I was ery K-12 school in America to include dig- thusiasm. Between the two of us, Mike end!” she sang to me, just to prove she’d was one; I believe in school choice and thinking this and so hardly noticed the ital civics — how to determine and cross- and I managed to recall and recite each been listening the week before. “Beautiful am hesitant about Mr. Biden’s track Bruce Springsteen song that was playing check if something you read on the inter- trait. friend!” record on foreign wars. But I find it far, as the event ended. It was the same song net is true — in their curriculum. You When we finished, he said Mr. Trump should not be able to graduate without it. She didn’t sound much like Jim Morri- far easier to forgive the president-elect that played throughout Mr. Biden’s cam- didn’t possess a single one of them. May- We need to restore the stigma to lying son, but I knew what she meant. on the issues where I disagree with him paign: “We Take Care of Our Own.” 0 be Mr. Biden didn’t have them all, but he and liars before it is too late. We need to “This is the beginning,” I said. 0 than I do to forgive Mr. Trump. That’s be- sure had a few, and that would be cause Mr. Biden understands leadership, ELLIOT ACKERMAN, a contributing opinion hunt for truth, fight for truth and merci- JENNIFER FINNEY BOYLAN, a contributing enough. and it is leadership that matters more writer, is the author, most recently, of lessly discredit the forces of disinforma- opinion writer, is a professor of English As we stood at a bar wearing surgical than anything else right now. “Places and Names: On War, Revolution, tion. It is the freedom battle of our gener- at Barnard College. masks in the middle of a pandemic, In his address to the nation on Satur- and Returning.” ation. 0 A26 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

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©2020 Meredith Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 TECHNOLOGY 7 SQUARE FEET 9 SPORTS European regulators brought A Connecticut developer is Tua Tagovailoa is winning antitrust charges against converting an office building for the Dolphins, who finally Amazon, accusing it of into what may be the nation’s have a solid coach and a bullying smaller merchants. most energy-efficient hotel. clear blueprint for success.

TECH ECONOMY MEDIA FINANCE WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 B1

Trump Lost, But Empire Of Murdoch Is Adapting By MICHAEL M. GRYNBAUM Presidents come and go. Rupert Murdoch remains. For those who wondered how Mr. Murdoch, the octogenarian media magnate with a conservative streak, would react to the electoral defeat of President Trump, the past few days have brought a complicated answer, well suited to the mercurial nature of Mr. Murdoch’s world. The New York Post, the Mur- doch tabloid that attacked Joseph R. Biden Jr. and his son Hunter before the election, splashed a beam- ing Mr. Biden on its Sunday cover — “IT’S JOE TIME” — and described Mr. Trump as “downcast” and misguided in his efforts to claim the election was a fraud. The Sun, Mr. Murdoch’s outpost in London, reached new heights of Fleet Street ingenuity by compar- ing the president’s defeated vis- age to a crumple of skin on the actress Famke Janssen’s kneecap. The Wall Street Journal, which had rejected The Post’s attack on CONTINUED ON PAGE B3

They’re First In the Race For a Vaccine By DAVID GELLES Two years ago, Dr. Ugur Sahin took the stage at a conference in Berlin and made a bold prediction. Speaking to a roomful of infectious disease experts, he said his company might be able to use its so-called messenger RNA technology to rapidly develop a vaccine in the event of a global pandemic. At the time, Dr. Sahin and his company, BioNTech, were little known outside the small world of European biotechnology start- ups. BioNTech, which Dr. Sahin founded with his wife, Dr. Ozlem Tureci, was mostly focused on cancer treatments. It had never brought a product to market. Covid-19 did not yet exist. But his words proved prophetic. On Monday, BioNTech and Pfi- zer announced that a vaccine for the coronavirus developed by Dr. Sahin and his team was more than 90 percent effective in preventing the disease among trial volunteers who had no evidence of having previously been infected. The stunning results vaulted BioN- Tech and Pfizer to the front of the For Tech, race to find a cure for a disease CONTINUED ON PAGE B6 Not Much Party Split To Celebrate On Brainard

By CECILIA KANG, DAVID McCABE and JACK NICAS For Treasury WASHINGTON — The tech industry had it easy under President Barack Obama. Regulators brought no By JEANNA SMIALEK major charges, executives rotated in and out of the WASHINGTON — When the Federal administration, and efforts to strengthen privacy Reserve voted to “tailor” post-cri- laws fizzled out. sis financial regulations for all but The industry will have it much harder under Presi- the largest banks in October 2019, dent-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. Gov. Lael Brainard cast the lone Bipartisan support to restrain its power has grown “no” vote. sharply during the Trump administration, and At the long oval table in Fed’s shows no signs of going away as Democrats regain board room, Ms. Brainard laid out control of the White House. Mr. Biden is expected to — point by detailed point — why take on the Silicon Valley giants on misinformation, she thought the changes risked privacy and antitrust, in a sharp departure from the leaving relatively big banks with polices pursued while he was vice president under too little oversight. It was not an Mr. Obama. unusual dissent. “The foundations of the concerns about digital Ms. Brainard, a leading con- platforms were developing during the Obama years, tender to be President-elect Jo- and yet the major tech issues from the Obama era are seph R. Biden Jr.’s Treasury secre- still with us and unresolved,” said Chris Lewis, the president of the consumer advocacy group Public tary, has opposed the Fed’s regu- Knowledge. “The genie is out of the bottle and the latory changes 20 times since issues the public needs resolved are piling up with- 2018. As the sole Democrat left at the Fed board in Washington, Ms. CONTINUED ON PAGE B4 PABLO DELCAN Brainard has used her position to draw attention to efforts to chisel away at bank rules, creating a A victorious Biden is expected to go after Silicon Valley on misinformation, rare public disagreement at the consensus-driven central bank. privacy and other issues as he takes office, a shift from the Obama era. Yet Ms. Brainard’s position has not relegated her to the role of Fed CONTINUED ON PAGE B4 B2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

The Digest

TRANSPORTATION cent from last year to 12.5 million Lyft Reports Revenue Loss passengers, the company said. Hopes for a Vaccine Shake Up the Market Logan Green, Lyft’s chief exec- But Sees a Silver Lining utive, said the results reflected By The Associated Press “our focused execution and busi- S&P 500 INDEX Stocks downshifted on Tuesday, a The S& P 500 Index Lyft said on Tuesday that people ness resilience” and added that he –0.14% day after their powerful world- was encouraged by “an ongoing wide rally, but optimism remained Position of the S& P 500 index at 1-minute intervals on Tuesday. remained hesitant about using its 3,545.53 ride-hailing service during the recovery” in ride-sharing. high that the global economy may 3,560 pandemic, though some riders Last week, California voters still be headed for a return to nor- Previous close passed Proposition 22, a ballot ini- 3,550.50 have been slowly returning. mal. tiative that exempted Lyft, Uber 3,550 The company reported that its It was the second straight day and other gig economy companies that rising hopes for a Covid-19 revenue for the third quarter fell from a state labor law that would 48 percent from a year earlier to vaccine pushed investors to reor- 3,540 have required them to employ der which stocks they see winning $499.7 million, while its net loss to- their drivers. Lyft derives more of and losing, and the continuing re- taled $459.5 million, narrower its rides from California — about vamp left the majority of U.S. 3,530 than $463.5 million from a year 16 percent — than Uber, analysts DOW JONES INDUSTRIALS stocks higher but indexes mixed. ago. Ridership was down 44 per- said. KATE CONGER Treasury yields and oil, mean- +0.90% while, held onto their big gains 3,520 29,420.92 from a day earlier or added some more amid strengthened confi- 3,510 TECHNOLOGY dence in the economy. Spotify Buys Megaphone, 10 a.m. Noon 2 p.m. 4 p.m. STOCKS & BONDS Betting on Podcast Growth Source: Reuters THE NEW YORK TIMES The S&P 500 dipped 4.97 points, or 0.1 percent, to 3,545.53, after Spotify announced on Tuesday The S&P 500 is up 8.4 percent in erasing most of an early loss. The that it had bought Megaphone, a 10-Year Treasury Notes November so far. Not only are podcast advertising and publish- NASDAQ COMPOSITE INDEX relatively small movement, hopes for a coronavirus vaccine ing platform, for $235 million. The though, belied a lot of churning High yield in monthly refunding helping to lift markets, but so is deal is meant to allow Spotify to –1.37% underneath. Nearly two out of auction. more certainty about who will 11,553.86 three stocks in the index climbed, more accurately match ads to the control the government next year. while losses for some of the larg- 3% interests of specific listeners. Over the weekend, the Demo- est and most influential technol- cratic candidate Joseph R. Biden Spotify, based in Stockholm, has ogy stocks offset them. invested heavily in podcasts, sign- LUCAS JACKSON/REUTERS 0.960% Jr. clinched the last of the electoral The Dow Jones industrial aver- 2 votes needed to become the next ing the host Joe Rogan to a multi- age gained 262.95 points, or 0.9 year deal in May, acquiring Bill president. Republicans, mean- podcast ads. On Tuesday, the com- percent, to 29,420.92, and the Nas- while, appear likely to keep con- Simmons’s The Ringer in Febru- pany said that technology would daq composite dropped 159.93, or ary and scooping up Gimlet Me- trol of the Senate. be available not just to podcasts 1.4 percent, to 11,553.86. 1 dia, the studio behind “Crime- That’s a “Goldilocks” scenario on Spotify but also to third-party 10-YEAR TREASURY YIELD The flash point for all the moves for many investors because it town,” last year. podcast publishers on Mega- was Monday’s announcement Earlier this year, the company could mean low tax rates and phone, owned by the Graham 0.98% from Pfizer that a potential other pro-business policies re- unveiled a technology called 0 Holdings Company in Virginia. +0.02 points Covid-19 vaccine it is developing main as a more predictable set of Streaming Ad Insertion, which al- Spotify said its podcast ad reve- with German partner BioNTech ’19 ’20 policies comes out of the White lowed it to get more details on the nue surged nearly 100 percent in may be 90 percent effective, based House. More than anything, ages, genders, device types and the third quarter, compared with a Source: Treasury on early but incomplete test re- Department THE NEW YORK TIMES though, a Biden win would wipe reactions of people listening to year earlier. TIFFANY HSU sults. out the uncertainty that dogged Stocks of smaller U.S. compa- the market through the long, vi- nies, which tend to move more nearly 44 percent for 2020. cious fight for the White House. with expectations for the econ- The Big Tech stocks that car- But analysts warn many risks FOOD penses resulted in a net loss of omy than their bigger counter- ried the stock market through the still hang over the market, which Beyond Meat’s Shares Fall $19.3 million in the quarter, com- CRUDE OIL (U.S.) parts, rallied again. The Russell pandemic are suddenly facing could easily upend all the gains pared with net income of $4.1 mil- 2000 index of small-cap stocks more scrutiny for their high made in the last couple of weeks. After Unexpected Loss lion a year ago. The stock fell $41.36 gained 31.97, or 1.9 percent, to prices. Their stocks soared The biggest may be whether in- about 17 percent on Tuesday. Re- +$1.07 1,737.01 and finally climbed back through 2020 on expectations vestors have become too con- Shares of Beyond Meat plunged tail revenue fell 11.1 percent in the above where it was in January. It’s they will continue to thrive if the vinced about a potential Covid-19 on Tuesday after the quarterly third quarter from a year earlier. just 0.2 percent below its record economy is in lockdown mode. vaccine. While early results are earnings report fell short of ex- Investors were also nervous high, which was set in 2018. But that has left their prices look- encouraging, no vaccine is about pectations and news of Mcdon- about an announcement earlier in Several areas of the market that ing too expensive to critics, even to go on the market, and there is ald’s new plant-based products the day from McDonald’s about got beaten down through the pan- after accounting for their huge no guarantee that one will. raised concerns. McPlant, a line of new plant-based demic and whose low prices make profits. Still, optimism remains across The plant-based food company products. This year, McDonald’s them look like potentially better Microsoft fell 3.4 percent, and markets. surprised investors late Monday ran a pilot in Canada with Beyond values led the way. Energy stocks Facebook lost 2.3 percent. Those The yield on the 10-year Treas- when it reported that its third- Meat’s products, but McDonald’s GOLD (N.Y.) in the S&P 500 rose 2.5 percent for drops have outsize effects on the ury rose to 0.98 percent from 0.96 quarter revenue had climbed only executives were vaguer about its the best gain among the 11 sectors S&P 500 because they are some of percent. Benchmark U.S. crude oil 2.7 percent from the previous year suppliers for its new faux-meat $1,875.40 that make up the index, for exam- the largest companies in the index climbed 2.7 percent to settle at but that pandemic-related ex- products. JULIE CRESWELL +$22.20 ple, though they are still down by market value. $41.36 per barrel.

What Happened in Stock Markets Yesterday POWERED BY

S&P 5003545.53 0.1% Nasdaq Composite Index11553.861.4% Dow Jones industrials 29420.92 0.9%

31,000 3,700 +10% 12,000 +10% +10% 30,000 3,600

+ 5% 11,500 + 5% + 5% 3,500 29,000

3,400 11,000 28,000 0% 0% 0% 3,300 27,000 10,500 3,200 – 5% – 5% – 5% 26,000

Sept. Oct. Sept. Oct. Sept. Oct.

TOTAL Best performers Worst performers Most active Large capitalization stock funds TOTAL RETURN VOLUME ASSETS S&P 500 COMPANIESCLOSE CHANGE S&P 500 COMPANIESCLOSE CHANGE S&P 500 COMPANIES CLOSE CHANGE IN MIL. 1 YR 5 YRS IN BIL.

1. D.R. Horton I (DHI) $70.88 +9.1% 1. Carnival Corp (CCL) $16.73 –13.1% 1. General Electr (GE) $8.98 +3.0% 164.4 1. Vanguard 500 Index Admiral(VFIAX) +16.8% +13.5% $313.7 2. Extra Space S (EXR) 115.51 +8.0 2. Paycom Softw (PAYC) 377.68 –6.8 2. Apple Inc (AAPL) 115.97 –0.3 137.6 2. Fidelity 500 Index(FXAIX) +16.8 +13.5 245.6 3. DXC Technolog (DXC) 21.06 +7.8 3. Norwegian Cr (NCLH) 20.12 –6.5 3. American Airl (AAL) 12.38 –6.2 125.6 3. Vanguard Total Stock Mkt Idx Adm(VTSAX) +17.5 +13.3 238.7 4. Ulta Beauty (ULTA) 265.49 +7.4 4. NVIDIA Corp (NVDA) 510.80 –6.3 4. Carnival Corp (CCL) 16.73 –13.1 119.2 4. Vanguard Institutional Index Instl Pl(VIIIX) +16.8 +13.5 125.3 5. Lennar Corp (LEN) 75.34 +7.0 5. American Airl (AAL) 12.38 –6.2 5. Ford Motor Co (F) 8.38 +2.2 87.0 5. Fidelity Contrafund(FCNTX) +32.2 +16.4 103.5 6. Walgreens Boo (WBA) 42.35 +6.4 6. Synopsys Inc (SNPS) 219.33 –6.2 6. Bank of Ameri (BAC) 27.66 –0.4 77.6 6. American Funds Invmt Co of Amer A(AIVSX) +14.0 +11.1 60.1 7. ConocoPhillip (COP) 35.53 +6.4 7. Advanced Micr (AMD) 77.99 –6.2 7. Pfizer Inc (PFE) 38.68 –1.3 75.8 7. Dodge & Cox Stock(DODGX) +2.7 +9.6 59.0 8. Concho Resour (CXO) 51.50 +6.1 8. Xilinx Inc (XLNX) 122.45 –6.1 8. Advanced Micr (AMD) 77.99 –6.2 67.0 8. American Funds Washington Mutual A(AWSHX) +7.0 +11.1 56.4 9. Unable to co (LUMN) 9.79 +5.8 9. Darden Restau (DRI) 113.35 –6.0 9. Exxon Mobil C (XOM) 36.86 +2.2 49.0 9. Vanguard PRIMECAP Adm(VPMAX) +12.7 +14.0 55.5 10. Pool Corp (POOL) 339.71 +5.6 10. Autodesk Inc (ADSK) 247.22 –5.9 10. Wells Fargo & (WFC) 24.19 –0.1 49.0 10. T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth(TRBCX) +35.2 +18.3 52.7 Source: Morningstar

Sector performance How stock markets fared yesterday in Asia … … in Europe … and in the Americas. S&P 500 SECTORS +2.0 Energy +2.5% London +1.8% +1.5 Consumer staples +2.0 Tokyo +0.3% Industrials +1.8 +1.0 Toronto +0.9% Utilities +1.4 Materials +1.1 +0.5

Financials +0.7 0.0 New York –0.1% Real estate +0.5 Shanghai –0.4% Frankfurt +0.5% –0.5 Health care +0.4 –0.3 Communication services –1.0 –1.1 Consumer discretionary Major stock market indexes –1.9 Information technology –1.5 6 p.m. E.T. 8 10 12 a.m. 2 4 6 a.m. 8 10 12 p.m. 2 4 6 p.m. What Is Happening in Other Markets and the Economy

Bonds Currencies Consumer rates Commodities Economy

Key rates 1 euro = $1.1816 $100 a barrel Crude oil Unemployment Rate Consumer confidence 3% 10-year Treas. $1.2 6% Fed Funds Borrowing rate 10% 120 2 30-year fixed mortgages 1.1 50 5 5 100 1 2-year Treas.

0 1.0 4 0 0 80 ’19 ’20 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’12 ’14 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20

3 Yield curve $1 = 105.39 yen $10 a bushel Corn New-home sales Industrial production 3% 120 2 Savings rate 8 1000 thousand 260 1-year CDs 2 110 6 1-YEAR AGO 800 4 1 240 1 100 600 2 YESTERDAY 0 Maturity 90 0 0 400 220 36 25 10 30 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’10 ’15 ’20 ’12 ’14 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20 Months Years THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N B3

MEDIA

Trump Lost, but Murdoch Empire Adapts, as Usual, to Endure FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE tough questions about the elec- Hunter Biden, has dismissed Mr. tion,” Mr. Hannity thundered to Trump’s fraud claims, and its con- viewers. servative opinion page is nudging The president seemed to ap- the president toward a gracious prove: On Tuesday, he urged his concession. Fox News — home to Twitter followers to watch Mr. “Hannity” and “Fox & Friends,” Hannity’s program, promising instigators and nurturers of Mr. “Ballot Corruption will be ex- Trump’s rise — refused to retract posed tonight.” It was his first pos- an election night projection of a itive reference to Fox News since Biden win in Arizona despite in- Election Day. tense pressure from Mr. Trump’s Still, Mr. Hannity has left him- aides, who reached Mr. Murdoch self options: His criticism of Dem- in England to plead their case. ocrats and the “swamp” is a famil- And yet, just as a Murdoch- iar line of Fox News attack that Trump divorce appeared to be un- can be easily adapted to a Biden derway, Fox News’s prime-time presidency. And Mr. Carlson stars — who have operated more stopped short of uttering what Mr. or less on their own since the exit Trump would most like to hear: of the network's co-founder Roger that he was the true victor last Ailes — have embraced parts of Tuesday. Mr. Trump’s sully-the-results “If, after all the questions have strategy, even knocking col- been answered, it becomes clear leagues who have portrayed Mr. that Joe Biden is the legitimate Biden, accurately, as the election’s winner of the presidential elec- victor. tion, we will accept that and will “Many people have not called encourage others to accept it, too,” Arizona,” Sean Hannity told view- Mr. Carlson said. ers on his Monday night show, be- Last week, Laura Ingraham, fore lobbing a dagger at the Fox who attended Mr. Trump’s elec- News decision desk: “Those that tion night appearance at the called early made a huge mis- White House, even floated the take.” Mark Levin, a right-wing possibility of “an unfavorable out- radio star with a weekend Fox News show, attacked the “Fox come in this election”— the sort of News Sunday” anchor Chris Wal- acknowledgment of an unwel- lace for calling Mr. Biden the clear come reality that Mr. Trump ab- winner. And Tucker Carlson took a hors. “If and when that does hap- not-so-veiled swipe on Monday at pen,” Ms. Ingraham counseled, MARY ALTAFFER/ASSOCIATED PRESS Mr. Trump ought to concede with his Fox News colleague Neil Rupert Murdoch’s media outlets have reacted to the election results in ways that show his empire does not see its fate as tied to President Trump’s. Cavuto, who had won the hosan- “grace and composure.” It was a nas of Liberal Twitter by cutting pep talk for the Audience of One. off an appearance by Mr. Trump’s Few expect a wholesale shift in press secretary and saying he the Murdoch ideology. Mr. Carlson could not in good conscience has met frequently in Los Angeles broadcast her fictive claims about with Mr. Murdoch’s son Lachlan, voter fraud. who is now executive chairman of “In a democracy, you cannot ig- Fox News’s parent company. nore honest questions from citi- Lachlan Murdoch has backed Mr. zens,” Mr. Carlson said. “You can’t Carlson despite an ongoing adver- just cut away from coverage you tiser boycott and multiple uproars don’t like.” over the host’s incendiary re- Efforts to understand Mr. Mur- marks. doch’s media universe are often The prospect that Mr. Trump compared to Kremlinology. But will start his own media platform former and current associates of as a competitor to Fox News is of- Mr. Murdoch said that his re- ten cited as a reason for Rupert sponse to Mr. Trump’s loss could Murdoch to keep the president be summed up by another Cold close. But there are myriad hur- War term: realpolitik. dles before such a venture could “He will do as he has done in get off the ground. other cases, which is adapt to a JOHN MOORE/GETTY IMAGES ALEX BRANDON/ASSOCIATED PRESS Mr. Trump, a connoisseur of tra- new reality,” said one former con- Left, Sean Hannity speaking to Trump backers in Michigan last month. Laura Ingraham, right, has floated the idea of an outcome unfavorable to Mr. Trump. ditional media, may balk at the sigliere, who like others inter- sort of online-only service that the viewed for this article requested digital ventures for conservative losers,” one longtime Murdoch years of backing Tory rule. The Bi- complicated the equation for the former Fox News host Bill O- anonymity to speak candidly stars, including the former Fox lieutenant observed of the family. den administration is likely to network’s opinion stars, who are ’Reilly pursued. Fox News is available in far more households about a man who values discre- News host Megyn Kelly. “They’ve To that point, Mr. Murdoch’s handle regulatory disputes that loath to end up on the liberal side than One America News, a right- tion. been around for multiple presi- publicists — who declined to com- could affect Mr. Murdoch’s domes- of the mainstream conservative wing network often cited as a po- Mr. Murdoch, who has presided dents, and they’re going to be tic assets, which include sports line. ment for this article — conspicu- tential vessel for Trump TV. Cable over newspapers and television around for multiple more.” ously confirmed rumors last and entertainment networks as Some prime-time personnel, networks for more than 50 years, providers like Comcast and Spec- Fox News reached new heights month that the mogul did not ex- well as Fox News, The Journal, protective of their ratings success, knows that opportunity awaits no trum would need to agree to carry of influence in the Trump era — it pect Mr. Trump to recapture the and The Post. were unnerved after seeing some matter who is temporarily in a new Trump-oriented network, power: Some of Fox News’s high- was the highest rated network in presidency. And several people Last week, Fox News was up- viewers turn against the network and regulations make it difficult est ratings and profits came dur- all of prime-time television this who have worked with Mr. Mur- front with viewers about Mr. after the Arizona call; one group for existing channels to abruptly ing the Obama administration, past summer — but it’s easy to for- doch said he harbored no malice Trump’s poor chances, standing of protesters chanted “Fox News change formats. when the network was a gather- get it was the No. 1 cable news toward Mr. Biden and had even behind its Decision Desk call in sucks!” outside a tabulation cen- Fox News, meanwhile, just ing spot for dismayed conserva- channel long before the New York expressed some admiration of the Arizona and, on Saturday, trum- ter in Phoenix. notched its highest-rated week in tives, the same phenomenon that real estate developer rode an es- former vice president on occasion. peting the network’s projection On Monday, Mr. Hannity and prime time since the channel be- fueled MSNBC’s success with lib- calator to the political stage. Many It would not be the first time Mr. that Mr. Biden would be the 46th Mr. Carlson stoked Mr. Trump’s gan. erals in the Trump age. Fox News employees believe the Murdoch has stayed loose to president. shadowy narrative of a suspicious “I don’t think there’s a fear “Fox News Channel has been network’s ratings are likely to maintain influence with whoever But the recent hesitation of Sen- election. “The Washington among conservative media,” said on the air since 1996,” said Chris- surge again as an anti-Biden audi- comes into power. In England, he ator Mitch McConnell and other swamp, Joe Biden, all desperate, Mr. Balfe, the right-wing media topher Balfe, a right-wing media ence seeks succor. became an ally of the Labour Republican leaders to acknowl- they want to just call it a day and consultant, “that Biden winning is impresario who has developed “They don’t tend to back prime minister Tony Blair, despite edge Mr. Biden’s victory may have stop you from asking legitimate, going to hurt.”

IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT the name,address,and nature of the Claim or Interest of the objecting or 10. Additionally, Article XI of the Plan contains certain provisions FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE responding party; (iii) state with particularity the legal and factual basis regarding exculpation and injunctions. All parties are advised to read In re ) Chapter 11 and nature of any objection or response;and (iv) be filed with the Clerk of Article XI of the Plan carefully and consult with their own advisors with ALPHA ENTERTAINMENT LLC, ) Case No.20-10940 (LSS) theBankruptcyCourt,824N.MarketStreet,3rdFloor,Wilmington,Delaware respectthereto.ThetextoftherelevantprovisionsofArticleXIofthePlan Debtor.1 ) Ref.Docket No.507 19801, and served on the following parties so as to be actually received areasfollows: Election Call on a Saturday Morning NOTICE OF ORDER (I) APPROVING THE DISCLOSURE before 4:00 p.m.(ET) on December 4,2020: (i) counsel to the Debtor, Section 11.10. Non-Discharge of the Debtor; Injunction. In STATEMENT; (II) APPROVING SOLICITATION AND VOTING Young Conaway Stargatt & Taylor, LLP,Rodney Square, 1000 North King accordance with section 1141(d)(3) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Plan PROCEDURES,INCLUDING (A) FIXING THE RECORD DATE, Street,Wilmington,Delaware 19801,Attn:Matthew B.Lunn,Esq.(mlunn@ does not discharge the Debtor. Section 1141(c) of the Bankruptcy Code (B) APPROVING THE SOLICITATION PACKAGES AND ycst.com), Kenneth J.Enos, Esq.([email protected]) and Shane M.Reil, Esq. nevertheless provides, among other things, that the property dealt with PROCEDURES FOR DISTRIBUTION,(C) APPROVING THE ([email protected]);(ii) counsel to the Committee:(a) Greenberg Traurig,LLP, bythePlanisfreeandclearofallClaimsandInterests. Assuch,noPerson Attracted Prime-Time TV Numbers FORM OF THE BALLOT AND ESTABLISHING PROCEDURES The Nemours Building,1007 North Orange Street,Suite 1200,Wilmington, or Entity holding a Claim or Interest may receive any payment from, or FOR VOTING,AND (D) APPROVING PROCEDURES FOR DE19801(Attn:DennisA.Meloro,Esq.;[email protected]);(b)Greenberg seekrecourseagainst,anyAssetsorpropertyoftheDebtorandtheEstate VOTE TABULATION; (III) SCHEDULING A CONFIRMATION Traurig,LLP,3333 Piedmont Road NE,Suite 2500,Atlanta,GA 30305 (Attn: orthePost-EffectiveDateDebtorotherthanAssetsorpropertyrequiredto By JOHN KOBLIN viewers across the six networks greeted to gleaming graphics that HEARING AND ESTABLISHING NOTICE AND OBJECTION David B. Kurzweil, Esq.; [email protected]); (c) Greenberg Traurig, be distributed to that Person or Entity under the Plan. As of the Effective took in the news that Mr. Biden Mr. Biden was now president- PROCEDURES; AND (IV) GRANTING RELATED RELIEF LLP,1000 Louisiana Street, Suite 1700, Houston, TX 77002 (Attn. Shari L. Date, all parties are precluded from asserting against any Assets or At 11:30 a.m. on Saturday, Ameri- PLEASETAKENOTICETHAT: Heyen, Esq.; [email protected]); and (iii) the Office of the United States propertyoftheDebtor,theEstateandthePost-EffectiveDateDebtorany cans all over the country began would be the 46th president, an elect. Viewers started to leave Fox 1. Approval of the Disclosure Statement. At a hearing held on Trustee for the District of Delaware, 855 King Street, Suite 2207, Lockbox Claims,rights,causesofaction,liabilitiesorInterestsbaseduponanyact, November 4, 2020 (the “Disclosure Statement Hearing”), the United 35, Wilmington, DE 19801, Attn: Richard L. Schepacarter, Esq. (richard. omission, transaction or other activity that occurred before the Effective flicking on their TVs. unusually high total for a weekend News around noon, about 20 min- States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Court”), [email protected]). DateexceptasexpresslyprovidedinthePlanortheConfirmationOrder. morning. utes after the network made its having jurisdiction over the above-captioned chapter 11 case of Alpha 7. Certain Voting Issues. Any party that wishes to challenge the Except as otherwise expressly provided for in the Plan or the Moments after CNN and most Entertainment LLC (the“Debtor”),entered an order [Docket No.507] (the allowance of its Claim for voting purposes shall serve on counsel to the Confirmation Order, all Persons and Entities are permanently enjoined, call, according to data from “Disclosure Statement Order”) approving the Disclosure Statement for DebtorandfilewiththeCourtamotionforanorder,pursuanttoBankruptcy onandaftertheEffectiveDate,onaccountofanyClaimorInterest,from: of the major television networks CNN had, by far, the most view- st Nielsen. the 1 Amended Chapter 11 Plan of Alpha Entertainment LLC, dated as of Rule3018(a),temporarilyallowingsuchClaiminadifferentamountorclas- (a) commencing or continuing in any manner any action or other declared that Joseph R. Biden Jr. ers of any network, averaging November 2, 2020 and attached as Exhibit 1 to the Disclosure Statement sification for purposes of voting to accept or reject the Plan on or before proceedingofanykindagainsttheDebtor,the Estate,the Post-Effective By 3 p.m., as cable viewers be- Order (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the 4:00p.m.(ET)onDecember1,2020. Date Debtor, their successors and assigns and any of their Assets and had defeated President Trump in around seven million between “Disclosure Statement”) as containing adequate information within 8. RELEASE, INJUNCTION AND EXCULPATION PROVISIONS properties; the presidential election, viewer- gan to tire of the roundtable dis- the meaning of section 1125 of chapter 11 of title 11 of the United States CONTAINED IN THE PLAN. ARTICLE XI OF THE PLAN CONTAINS CERTAIN (b) enforcing, attaching, collecting or recovering by any manner Code (the“Bankruptcy Code”),and authorized the Debtor to solicit votes RELEASE, INJUNCTION AND EXCULPATION PROVISIONS. YOU ARE or means any judgment, award, decree or order against the Debtor, the cussions about a Biden presiden- st ship surged across the three ma- to accept or reject the 1 Amended Chapter 11 Plan of Alpha Entertainment ENCOURAGED TO CAREFULLY REVIEW THE PLAN, INCLUDING THESE Estate, the Post-Effective Date Debtor, their successors and assigns and cy, CNN had lost 24 percent of its LLC,datedasofNovember2,2020(asamended,modifiedorsupplemented PROVISIONS, AS YOUR RIGHTS MAY BE AFFECTED, REGARDLESS OF anyoftheirAssetsandproperties; jor cable news networks and the from time to time, the “Plan”), annexed as Exhibit A to the Disclosure WHETHEROFYOUAREUNIMPAIREDORIMPAIREDUNDERTHEPLAN. (c) creating, perfecting or enforcing any encumbrance of any kind noon audience and MSNBC 23 Statement. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall 9. The release in Section 11.11(b) of the Plan (the “Claim Holder against the Debtor, the Estate, the Post-Effective Date Debtor, their Big Three broadcast networks, ac- 21M Release”) binds the “Releasing Parties,” which the Plan defines as fol- successorsandassignsandanyoftheirAssetsandproperties; percent. But Fox News had shed themeaningsascribedtosuchtermsinthePlan. cording to Nielsen Media Re- Total viewers across six networks as 2. Classification of Claims and Interests under the Plan. The lows: “(a) all Holders of Claims deemed hereunder to have accepted the (d) asserting any right of setoff or subrogation of any kind against search. 45 percent of its audience, to about classification and treatment of Claims and Interests under the Plan is Plan (i.e., Holders of Claims in Unimpaired Classes of Claims) that have any obligation due from the Debtor, the Estate, the Post-Effective Date the presidential race was called. describedgenerallybelow: notFiledanobjectiontothereleaseinSection11.11(b)ofthePlanprior Debtorortheirsuccessorsandassigns,oragainstanyoftheirAssetsand 1.8 million viewers from about 3.4 to the deadline to object to Confirmation of the Plan; and (b) all Holders properties, except to the extent that a right to setoff or subrogation is On CNN, viewership jumped 36 Projected of Claims in Class 3 that (i) vote to accept or reject the Plan and do not assertedinatimelyfiledproofofclaim;or million at noon. Class Claim or Summary of Treatment Recovery percent at 11:30, six minutes after Interest timelysubmitaReleaseOpt-OutindicatingsuchHolder’sdecisiontonot (e) commencing or continuing in any manner any action or other noon and 2 p.m. Eastern time. The gap between Fox News and Under Plan participateinthereleasessetforthinSection11.11(b)ofthePlan,or(ii) proceedingofanykindinrespectofanyClaim,Interestorcauseofaction the network became the first to 1 Secured Claims Unimpaired 100% do not vote to accept or reject the Plan, and either do not timely submit releasedorsettledhereunder. project the Biden win. The MSNBC, the home network for other networks was even more Deemed to Accept Plan a Release Opt-Out, or do not File an objection to the releases in Section From and after the Effective Date, all Persons and Entities are 2 Priority Claims Unimpaired 100% 11.11(b)ofthePlanpriortothedeadlinetoobjecttoConfirmationofthe permanently enjoined from commencing or continuing in any manner MSNBC audience jumped 29 per- many liberal viewers during the pronounced Saturday night. More Deemed to Accept Plan Plan; provided, however, that Holders of Claims in Class 3 whose Ballots against the Debtor, the Estate, the Post-Effective Date Debtor, the Trump years, had an average of than 35 million watched Mr. Biden 3 General Unse- Impaired Recovery Range: are returned to the Debtor or its agent as undeliverable, or to whom the Released Parties, their successors and assigns and any of their Assets cent at 11:30. (NBC News had cured Claims Entitled toVote on Plan 8% - 12% Debtor or its agent did not mail a Ballot, shall not be deemed to partici- and properties, any suit, action or other proceeding, on account of or made its call at 11:25.) On Fox roughly 4.5 million. Fox News, and Vice President-elect Kamala 4 Subordinated Impaired 0% patein thereleasesset forth in Section 11.11(b)of thePlan, which enti- respectinganyclaim,interest,demand,liability,obligation,debt,right, Harris’s prime-time speeches, ac- Claims Deemed to Reject Plan ties, if any, shall be set forth in a notice Filed with the Bankruptcy Court causeofaction,interestorremedyreleasedortobereleasedpursuantto News, which made the call at which usually has a commanding 5 Interests Impaired 0% by the Debtor or the Plan Administrator within five (5) business days of thePlanortheConfirmationOrder. 11:40, there was a 38 percent lead in viewership, had about cording to Nielsen. CNN com- Deemed to Reject Plan theEffectiveDate.” Section 11.12. Exculpation and Limitation of Liability. On the 3. Deadline for Voting on the Plan. The Court has established TheClaimHolderReleaseprovides: Effective Date, for good and valuable consideration, the adequacy of jump. The broadcast networks three million. manded the largest audience, December 4, 2020 at 5:00 p.m. (ET) (the “Voting Deadline”) as the “Releases by Holders of Claims. As of the Effective Date, for good which is hereby confirmed, to the maximum extent permitted by law, with 13.6 million, and MSNBC had deadline by whichBallots accepting or rejectingthe Planmust bereceived. and valuable consideration, including the contributions of the Released none of the Exculpated Parties shall have or incur any liability to any broke into “special report” mode Fox News viewers also began to OnlyHoldersofClaimsinClass3(AllowedGeneralUnsecuredClaims)under Parties in facilitating the administration of the Chapter 11 Case and Person or Entity, including, without limitation, to any Holder of a Claim and also saw huge spikes, accord- tune out a little more quickly than the second-highest total, 8.5 mil- the Plan are entitled to vote on the Plan and will receive Ballots to cast other actions contemplated by the Plan and the other contracts, instru- or an Interest, for any act or omission in connection with, relating to, or lion. CBS led the broadcast net- such votes. To be counted, Ballots must be properly executed, completed, ments, releases, agreements or documents executed and delivered in arisingout oftheChapter11 Case, the formulation, negotiation, prepa- ing to Nielsen. viewers of the other cable net- and delivered to the Voting Agent at the address provided for herein, or connectionwiththePlanandtheChapter11Case,andsubjecttoSection ration,dissemination,solicitationofacceptances,implementation,con- works with 5.6 million. submitted via the eBallot Portal (as defined below),so as to be received by 11.11(d) of the Plan, each of the Releasing Parties shall be deemed to firmation or consummation of the Plan, the Disclosure Statement, the In all, more than 21 million works, not long after being theVoting Agentno laterthan theVoting Deadline,unless extended bythe have conclusively, absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and forever, Plan Administrator Agreement or any contract, instrument, release or But Fox News had the smallest Debtor. Ballots will be accepted in paper form,or submitted electronically, released the Released Parties from any and all claims, interests, obliga- otheragreementordocumentcreated,executedorcontemplatedincon- viewership of any network that via the eBallot Portal, by delivering the Ballot by first-class mail postage tions, rights, suits, damages, causes of action (including any and all nectionwiththePlan,ortheadministrationofthePlanortheAssetsand prepaid,personaldeliveryorovernightcouriertotheVotingAgentat: Ifby causes of action under chapter 5 of the Bankruptcy Code), remedies and propertytobedistributedunderthePlan,orforanyacttakenoromitted carried the speech: Only three First-ClassMail:Donlin,Recano&Company,Inc.,Re:AlphaEntertainment liabilitieswhatsoever,includinganyderivativeclaimsorclaimsasserted to be taken on or after the Petition Date and prior to or on the Effective LLC,P.O.Box199043,BlythebourneStation,Brooklyn,NY11219; IfbyHand or assertible on behalf of the Debtor and the Estate, whether known or Date; provided, however, that the exculpation provisions of this Section million watched. Delivery or Overnight Mail: Donlin, Recano & Company,Inc., Re:Alpha unknown, foreseen or unforeseen, liquidated or unliquidated, fixed 11.12 shall not apply to acts or omissions constituting actual fraud, No television executive antici- EntertainmentLLC,620115thAvenue,Brooklyn,NY11219. or contingent, matured or unmatured, existing or hereafter arising, in willful misconduct or gross negligence by such Exculpated Party, as BallotsmayalsobesubmittedviaanelectronicBallotthroughtheVoting law, equity or otherwise, that such Releasing Party would have been determined by a Final Order. The Confirmation Order and the Plan shall pated that this trend would last Agent’s on-line electronic Ballot submission portal at www.donlinrecano. legally entitled to assert (whether individually or collectively), based in serve as a permanent injunction against any Person or Entity seeking to com/clients/alpha/vote (the“eBallot Portal”) by no later than the Voting whole or in part on any act, omission, transaction, event or other occur- enforce any claim or cause of action against the Exculpated Parties that longer than a day or two. Fox Deadline. The Voting Agent’s eBallot Portal is the sole manner in which rence taking place on or prior to the Effective Date in any way relating hasbeenexculpatedpursuanttothisSection11.12ofthePlan. News has hit record ratings Ballots will be accepted via electronic or online transmission. Any failure to the Debtor, the Estate, the Chapter 11 Case, the Plan, the Disclosure Copies of Documents. Copies of the Plan, the Disclosure Statement, to follow the voting instructions included with the Ballot may disqualify Statementorrelatedagreements,instrumentsorotherdocuments;pro- thePlanSupplement (whichwillbefiledonorbeforeNovember24,2020), marks throughout the year. It a Ballot and vote. Ballots cast by facsimile, e-mail or other electronic vided, however, that nothing herein shall be deemed a waiver or release and the Disclosure Statement Order are, or will be, available for review transmission,exceptthroughtheeBallotPortal,willnotbecounted. of any right of any such Releasing Parties to receive a Distribution pur- free of charge at https://www.donlinrecano.com/alpa, by clicking on the scored the highest viewership in 4. Holders of Unimpaired Claims under the Plan (i.e.,Class 1 Allowed suant to the terms of the Plan; provided further, however, that the fore- link on the left hand side of the page titled“Plan & Disclosure Statement.” prime time on election night of Secured Claims and Class 2 Allowed Priority Claims) and Classes that are going provisions of this release in Section 11.11(b) of the Plan shall not In addition, copies of the Plan are available upon written request to the deemed to reject the Plan (i.e., Class 4 Subordinated Claims and Class 5 operatetowaive,releaseorotherwiseimpairanycausesofactionarising Debtor’sVotingAgent: IfbyFirst-ClassMail:,Donlin,Recano&Company, any network. Interests)arenotentitledtovoteonthePlan. from criminal acts, willful misconduct, actual fraud, or gross negligence Inc., Re: Alpha Entertainment LLC, P.O. Box 199043, Blythebourne Station, And indeed, by Monday, it ap- 5. ConfirmationHearing. A hearingtoconsidertheconfirmationof of such applicable Released Party as determined by Final Order of the Brooklyn, NY 11219; If by Hand Delivery or Overnight Mail: Donlin, the Plan and for such other and further relief as may be just or proper (the Bankruptcy Court or any other court of competent jurisdiction. For the Recano & Company,Inc.,Re:Alpha Entertainment LLC,6201 15th Avenue, peared that order had been re- “Confirmation Hearing”) will be held on December 11,2020 at 10:00 avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Brooklyn,NY11219. a.m. (ET) before the Honorable Laurie Selber Silverstein, United States the foregoing release by the Releasing Parties is not, and shall not be If you are the holder of a Claim and believe that you are entitled to vote stored. Fox News won in prime Bankruptcy Judge,at the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of deemed to be, in exchange for a waiver of the Debtor’s rights or claims onthePlan,butyoudidnotreceiveaSolicitationPackage,orifyouhaveany time as its hosts Tucker Carlson, Delaware,824MarketStreet,6thFloor,Courtroom2,Wilmington,Delaware againsttheReleasingParties,includingtheDebtor’s rightstoassertset- questions concerning voting procedures, you should contact the Voting 19801. The Confirmation Hearing may be continued by the Debtor from offs,recoupmentsorcounterclaims,ortoobjectorassertdefensestoany Agentelectronically,inwritingorviatelephoneat:(866)296-4857. Sean Hannity and Laura Ingra- timetotimewithoutfurthernoticetoholdersofClaimsorInterestsorother Claim or Interest, and all such rights and claims are expressly reserved. Dated: November 5,2020, Wilmington,Delaware ham — who continued to discuss parties in interest other than the announcement of the adjourned date(s) Notwithstandinganyoftheforegoing,nothinginthisSectionisintended YOUNG CONAWAY STARGATT & TAYLOR, LLP, /s/ Shane M. Reil , Michael at the Confirmation Hearing or any continued hearing or on the applicable to limit or otherwise modify any releases or waivers that are separately R. Nestor (No. 3526) ([email protected]), Matthew B. Lunn (No. 4119) the Trump campaign’s baseless hearing agenda or a notice filed with the Bankruptcy Court. The Plan may provided for in any other Final Order (including settlement or other ([email protected]), Kenneth J. Enos (No. 4544) ([email protected]), bemodifiedinaccordancewiththeBankruptcyCode,theBankruptcyRules, agreementsauthorizedthereby)oftheBankruptcyCourt.” Shane M. Reil (No. 6195) ([email protected]), Matthew P.Milana (No. 6681) claims about voter fraud and the Plan and other applicable law, without further notice, prior to or as a 11.11(d)provides“EachHolderofaClaiminaClassdeemedtoaccept ([email protected]), 1000 N. King Street, Rodney Square, Wilmington, other alleged election irregular- result of the Confirmation Hearing. If the Bankruptcy Court enters an order the Plan and Class 3 shall be a Releasing Party and, as such, provides Delaware 19801,Telephone:(302) 571-6600 / Facsimile: (302) 571-1253, confirming the Plan, section 1141 of the Bankruptcy Code shall become the releases set forth in Section 11.11(b) of the Plan, unless such Holder Counsel to the Debtor and Debtor in Possession ALEX BRANDON/ASSOCIATED PRESS ities — averaged 3.8 million view- applicable with respect to the Plan and the Plan shall be binding on all timely submits a Release Opt-Out indicating such Holder’s decision to 1 partiestothefullestextentpermittedbytheBankruptcyCode. not participate in the releases set forth in Section 11.11(b) of the Plan, The last four digits of the Debtor’s federal tax identification number A crowd in McPherson Square in Washington on Saturday as TV networks ers, a million better than MSNBC 6. Deadline for Objections to Confirmation of the Plan. orFilesanobjectiontothereleasesinSection11.11(b)ofthePlanpriorto are 7778.The Debtor’s mailing address is 600 Steamboat Road,Suite 105, declared Joseph R. Biden Jr. the winner of the presidential election. and 1.3 million better than CNN. Objections,ifany,toconfirmationofthePlan,must(i)beinwriting;(ii)state thedeadlinetoobjecttoConfirmationofthePlan.” Greenwich,CT06830. B4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

GOVERNMENT

negotiations said such criticisms were unfair, noting that Ms. Brain- Progressive Democrats ard pushed hard to secure com- mitments against the devaluation of China’s currency behind the May Balk if Brainard scenes. She also lacked unilateral power to name China a manipula- tor — while she could weigh in, that decision ultimately falls to Is Treasury Nominee the Treasury secretary and the FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE CREF, who was the first Black president. But progressives have gadfly. Jerome H. Powell, the vice chair of the Fed; Mellody argued that Ms. Brainard should Fed’s chair, often praises Ms. Hobson, the co-head of Ariel In- have pushed publicly for the Brainard’s intellect in private con- vestments, an asset manager; Obama administration to take a versations and has placed her in and Raphael Bostic, the president louder stance. key roles at the central bank, in- of the Federal Reserve Bank of At- Mr. Hauser said that if she is cluding tapping her to play a ma- lanta. nominated, it is imperative that her husband, the former Obama- jor part in devising and oversee- Any of those choices would era diplomat Kurt Campbell, di- ing the Fed’s emergency lending bring a significant change to the vest himself from the Asia Group, programs. Ms. Brainard joined Treasury Department, which has the Asia-Pacific-focused advisory calls with staff members and been run by a white man through- firm that he founded. While it Treasury Secretary Steven out its 231-year history. would be legal for him to retain his Mnuchin, the Fed’s partner in No decisions have been made position, it could arguably put him planning those efforts, 21 times in yet, several people close to the Bi- in place to profit from his wife’s April alone. den transition team said. But Ms. high-ranking government role. Mr. Powell, who was appointed Brainard’s position in Washing- Despite her decades in Wash- by President Trump, even sided ton’s establishment, and her cen- ington, Ms. Brainard is hardly a with her over the Republican trist label, could help her chances household name. She has kept a comptroller of the currency when of winning confirmation if Repub- relatively low media profile at the Ms. Brainard argued that a key licans retain control of the Senate. community banking rule was be- Fed. She rarely discusses her vis- Ms. Brainard, 58, has been its to Capitol Hill, and her commu- ing rewritten too hastily and steeped in international relations nity outreach trips often include based on too little data. from childhood. The daughter of a press-free stops. She did not agree Ms. Brainard’s data-driven ap- Foreign Service officer during the to be interviewed for this profile. proach and quiet persistence have Cold War, she was raised in Com- The quiet approach lines up allowed her to maneuver effec- munist Poland and Germany be- with her low-key and matter-of- tively even while staking out a mi- fore reunification. She wrote her fact demeanor, based on more nority position at the Fed. That senior undergraduate thesis on than a dozen interviews with for- skill could make her an attractive utopia, dystopia and social plan- mer colleagues who have worked pick for the Treasury’s top job. So ning — motivated, in part, by her with her across government agen- could her experience as a former childhood — and then went on to cies. During Europe’s rapidly es- Treasury official who played a an economics doctorate at Har- calating debt crisis, she and an leading role in European debt cri- vard University. aide took a flight to Brussels be- sis and Chinese currency deliber- An early foray into government fore they had time to firmly estab- ations. Negotiating chops would policy came in the 1990s, when she lish meetings with European fi- come in handy as the new admin- worked for the National Economic nance ministries, setting them up istration tries to cut pandemic re- Council during the Clinton admin- over espressos at the airport cof- lief deals with what could be a Re- istration. She then served as the fee shop. publican Senate. Treasury’s under secretary for in- Maintaining a degree of privacy But her status as a Washington ternational affairs under Presi- could turn out to have been a good insider brings its own vulnerabili- dent Barack Obama. At the Treas- strategy. Ms. Brainard has man- ties. Part of the progressive wing ury, Ms. Brainard forged a reputa- aged to remain relevant even as of the Democratic Party paints tion as a perfectionist and a savvy the Democratic Party evolves to Ms. Brainard as a centrist who negotiator as she tried to pressure JUSTIN T. GELLERSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES become more skeptical of global- has been timid on climate change China to allow market forces to Lael Brainard, a member of the U.S. Federal Reserve’s Board of Governors, in 2016. Ms. Brainard also served as ism and free markets. and soft on China. guide its currency, and to per- under secretary for international affairs in the administration of President Barack Obama. But Ms. Brainard can be outspo- Ms. Brainard has been rumored suade Europe to pursue a more ken when it suits her goals. In ad- as a Treasury-secretary-in-wait- ambitious economic rescue dur- at a meeting table in the Treasury Clinton’s 2016 presidential run. their concerns that she was too dition to criticizing the Fed’s ing for years, and her friends and ing the depths of its debt crisis. Department during Chinese Stra- Ms. Brainard had donated the easy on China during her time at deregulatory bent, she has made former colleagues have been out “Her breadth of knowledge is tegic and Economic Dialogue $2,700 personal maximum to Mrs. the Treasury. They point to the speeches and statements about in force praising her qualifica- just really wide,” said Paige Geb- meetings, surrounded by thick Clinton’s campaign, drawing scru- Obama administration’s decision climate risks to the financial sys- tions, suggesting that she wants hardt Cognetti, the mayor of books of briefing material that she tiny and criticism to the politically not to label China a currency ma- tem in recent months and years — the job. Yet the competition is stiff. Scranton, Pa., and Ms. Brainard’s had evidently read in full. When independent Fed. nipulator while she was the under countering a liberal complaint Others rumored to be under former aide at the Treasury. that she has not been aggressive she entered a room for such nego- But after Mrs. Clinton lost and secretary for international affairs. consideration include Sarah “When she sits down, it’s like the enough in that domain. The Fed tiations, several said, the atmos- Mr. Trump replaced Ms. Yellen, “It was her bailiwick and noth- Bloom Raskin, a former Fed gov- U.S. is there, to negotiate hard, but assessed climate change risks in phere would shift. Nobody ques- Ms. Brainard found herself as the ing happened,” said Jeff Hauser, ernor who served as deputy also to listen.” detail in a financial stability report tioned that she meant business. last Democrat sitting on the pow- the founder and director of the Re- Treasury secretary during the Ms. Brainard was always “the this week, a first for the twice- Mr. Obama nominated Ms. erful board. volving Door Project. While Mr. Obama administration, and Janet most prepared person in the yearly document, and she put out Brainard to the Fed in 2014 — a Hauser would make it on the L. Yellen, the former Fed chair. room” during her Treasury years, Her moves to counter the a statement alongside the release. posting that some saw as a tempo- record, his complaint is echoed by Also circulating on informal lists said Austan Goolsbee, who was Trump administration’s regula- “Climate change poses impor- are Roger Ferguson, the president working as an economic adviser rary stop on her way to Treasury tory rollbacks have earned praise a small but vocal group of liberal tant risks to financial stability,” and chief executive of the retire- to Mr. Obama at the time. secretary. She was floated as a from progressive groups. But it Democrats. she wrote, and addressing such ment financial manager TIAA- Colleagues recall her perched likely candidate during Hillary has not been enough to mollify People who were privy to the concerns “is vitally important.”

For Tech Industry, Not Much to Celebrate Under a New Administration FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE revoke a legal shield known as icy efforts. This year, she told Poli- out resolution.” Section 230 of the Communica- tico that among the issues she was On the campaign trail, Mr. Bi- tions Decency Act. That safe har- tracking closely was “disparities den rarely spoke about technol- bor has protected Google, Face- in children’s ability to engage in ogy policy at length. But he has book, Amazon and Twitter from remote learning due to a lack of criticized social media companies, lawsuits for hosting or removing access to technology” during the like Facebook, that have allowed harmful or misleading content. He pandemic. disinformation to flourish on their hasn’t elaborated on how he would Mr. Biden will need to navigate sites, and he has expressed con- revoke the shield, a 1996 law that a split in the Democratic Party over how aggressively to ap- cern over power held by a handful the tech industry will fight vig- of companies in tech and other in- proach the tech companies. Pro- orously to defend. dustries. gressives like Senator Elizabeth Also near the top of Mr. Biden’s A Biden administration is ex- Warren of Massachusetts and agenda, his advisers have said, pected to pursue the antitrust law- Representative David Cicilline of suit filed against Google last will be the extension of broadband Rhode Island have argued that the month, people with knowledge of internet service to low-income giants should be broken up, and his campaign said. It may also in- those lawmakers will probably troduce more antitrust cases fight for regulators who feel simi- against Facebook and possibly ‘Silicon Valley will at larly. Moderates in the party have Amazon and Apple, which the least be pleased with shown a reluctance to break up Trump administration has investi- the companies. gated for more than a year. stability.’ Many conservatives support The Biden campaign wouldn’t the antitrust investigations being Tom Wheeler, the F.C.C. chairman comment about specific cases or led by the Justice Department and in the Obama administration. investigations. But a spokesman the Federal Trade Commission. for it, Matt Hill, said Mr. Biden But they are likely to resist many would take an aggressive stance and rural households, which has of Mr. Biden’s tech policies, like toward the industry. become an urgent need during the online speech and privacy legislation that interferes in free mar- “Many technology giants and pandemic as schools have shifted kets. And with neither party con- their executives have not only online. Billions in federal funding trolling a large majority in the abused their power, but misled the could come from legislation or the Senate, their opposition means WIN McNAMEE/GETTY IMAGES American people, damaged our Federal Communications Com- that legislation could easily hit democracy and evaded any form mission, which hollowed out sev- Joseph R. Biden Jr. in 2011 with gridlock. of responsibility,” Mr. Hill said. eral regulations during the Trump Bruce Reed, left, who is now administration. Mr. Biden will also face fierce leading Mr. Biden’s team of “That ends with a President Bi- pushback from the industry. In re- den.” The F.C.C. would also be poised tech advisers. Right, setting up to reinstall so-called net neutral- cent years, technology companies an antenna for internet service. Mr. Biden’s clearest position on have expanded their lobbying, ity, a rule that prevented telecom- Expanding broadband service internet policy has been his call to with Amazon, Apple, Facebook munications companies from to low-income households is and Google spending $53.6 million blocking or slowing internet traf- one of Mr. Biden’s priorities, on it last year — more than Wall fic. his advisers have said. Street, pharmaceutical and ener- Hundreds of informal tech ad- gy firms. visers, some of them current or “Tremendous political influ- munications Commission under former telecom and tech employ- ence will be brought to bear on a Mr. Obama. “Silicon Valley will at ees, have offered opinions, white Biden White House by the tech least be pleased with stability papers and strategies for Mr. Bi- lobby and its allies,” said Jeffrey knowing there is a plan, rather den’s campaign and possible pres- Chester, head of the Center for than a whim-of-the-moment pol- idency. Many of the top advisers Digital Democracy, a privacy ad- icy creation.” have been proponents of strong vocacy group. “However, it’s night Bruce Sewell, Apple’s general legislation to limit the power of the and day in terms of how tech is counsel and its chief of govern- tech companies. viewed now and during the ment affairs from 2009-17, said, “If JARED SOARES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Leading Mr. Biden’s team of Obama years.” you’re in Silicon Valley and you’re Offices−Connecticut 172 tech advisers is Bruce Reed, his Current and former tech execu- the head of one of these compa- undersea cables to mainland tions and the United States’ Darien office sublet available; mini- chief of staff when he was vice tives and lobbyists, as well as for- nies, you’re probably saying, ‘Bi- China and remove Chinese-owned hands-off approach. mum 3-months commitment: 4 private president. Mr. Reed served in re- products like TikTok from Apple’s offices starting for 1 person at- mer regulators, said that while the den’s not going to be easier on us “A Biden administration would $1500/month; $2,000 for larger one ad- cent years as general counsel for industry expected a Biden admin- — but at least it’s back to the devil and Google’s app stores. definitely seek to put pressure on jacent to conference room; $2500 for 2- person office. Corner senior executive Common Sense Media, a child ad- istration to be tough on the com- that we know.’” Mr. Trump has pressured Beijing in a multilateral way, but office at negotiable rate. Fully fur- nished, includes internet, kitchen, and vocacy nonprofit in San Francisco panies, particularly in antitrust Mr. Biden is expected to largely American allies to take the same one of the first things they’ll have reasonable access to conference that has lobbied for tech privacy steps. But Mr. Biden may try to room. Walking distance to train and areas, it would welcome a change extend the hard line Mr. Trump to think about is: How do we work restaurants. Background check and re- and safety laws. Mr. Reed was in- from the unpredictable Trump ad- has taken against Chinese tech take a more conciliatory approach ferences required. Contact at with Europeans when there is a 203-989-9917 strumental in the creation of Cali- ministration. firms that officials say pose a na- with European policymakers who massive digital chasm?” said Professional Offices fornia’s privacy law in 2018. “The Trump administration tional security threat. The Trump have grown to see China’s influ- Samm Sacks, a cybersecurity pol- Brooklyn 183 Another top aide working on was a showbiz, and as a result no administration has moved to strip ence over technology as a major icy and China digital economy fel- threat — which could encourage BENSONHURST, 80th St./19th Ave., tech issues is Stef Feldman, a one knew what to expect,” said Chinese telecom equipment from low at the think tank New Amer- 5 exam rooms with sinks, waiting longtime member of Mr. Biden’s Tom Wheeler, a Democrat who American networks, stop Silicon him to overcome the gap between room, reception area, 2 bthrms, approx ica. 2,000 sq ft., $2,300. NO FEE. 718-438-4422 staff who led the campaign’s pol- was chairman of the Federal Com- Valley companies from building Europe’s tough internet regula- THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N B5

TECHNOLOGY | ENERGY

E.U. Antitrust Case Charges Amazon Bullies Vendors on Its Site By ADAM SATARIANO one of the world’s most sweeping LONDON — European Union regu- set of regulations of the tech in- lators brought antitrust charges dustry. The package of laws could against Amazon on Tuesday, say- include rules prohibiting the self- ing the online retail giant broke preferencing of products and re- competition laws by unfairly us- quiring the biggest companies to ing its size and access to data to share data with smaller rivals. harm smaller merchants that rely The European authorities spent on the company to reach two years investigating Amazon’s customers. dual role as both a store and seller The European Commission, the of its own goods. Amazon argues executive branch of the 27-nation that it makes up only a small sliver bloc, said Amazon had abused its of the global retail market, and dual role as both a store used by that for many smaller merchants scores of vendors and a merchant the company is the main gateway that sells its own competing goods to online sales. on the platform. The authorities Worries about Amazon’s power accused Amazon of harvesting have only grown during the pan- nonpublic data from sellers who demic, as internet sales have be- use its marketplace to spot popu- come increasingly vital to busi- lar products, then copy and sell nesses grappling with lockdowns them, often at a lower price. and lost foot traffic. Since 2015, e- “We must ensure that dual role commerce sales in the European platforms with market power, Union have nearly doubled to such as Amazon, do not distort competition,” Margrethe Vestager, the commission’s vice It cares deeply about president for digital issues, said in small businesses, an a statement. “Data on the activity of third-party sellers should not be online behemoth says. used to the benefit of Amazon when it act as a competitor to about 720 billon euros, or about these sellers.” $850 billion. The case, which had been ex- Sellers have long raised con- pected for months, is the latest cerns that if Amazon sees a partic- front in a trans-Atlantic regula- ular product doing well on its web- tory push against Amazon, Apple, site, the company creates its own Facebook and Google as the au- GIANNI CIPRIANO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES version, sells it at a lower price thorities in the United States and and then gives it better placement Above, an Amazon delivery Europe take a more skeptical view on the Amazon website. of their business practices and station in Italy. The E.U.’s Margrethe Vestager spoke of The European Commission said dominance of the digital economy. those concerns were supported by Last month, the Justice Depart- Amazon’s dual role as sellers’ outlet and competitor. a review of data on more than 80 ment brought antitrust charges million transactions and 100 mil- against Google, and Apple and lion products. Ms. Vestager said it Facebook are also facing investi- whether Amazon gives preferen- showed how Amazon used the gations in both Washington and tial treatment for the buy box to its data from outside sellers to deter- Brussels. own products and those of other mine what computer accessories, Many in Europe will be watch- sellers that pay to use Amazon’s kitchen tools or other products to ing to see how the Amazon an- logistics services. introduce, as well as where to set nouncement is received by the in- Amazon denied any wrongdo- prices and how to manage the incoming administration of Presi- ing and said it supported thou- ventory. dent-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr., sands of businesses in Europe. The real-time information that who is expected to pursue policies In Brussels, Amazon has been Amazon collects includes order that limit the industry’s power. gearing up for a legal fight. It has totals, number of visitors to cer- The Trump administration has hired a team of lawyers and econ- tain products and a merchant’s criticized Ms. Vestager for aiming omists, including several who in revenue. at American companies like Ap- the past were encouraging “This is a case about big data,” ple, even as it initiated its own in- tougher enforcement against Ms. Vestager said. She said the investigations of the industry. Google and Microsoft. vestigation centered on Amazon’s In the Amazon case, the an- “We disagree with the prelimi- behavior in France and Germany, nouncement on Tuesday is prelim- nary assertions of the European where, she said, Amazon has a inary and just one part of the regu- Commission and will continue to “dominant” position in the mar- latory process. Amazon now has a make every effort to ensure it has ket. chance to respond to the charges. an accurate understanding of the Critics of Amazon cheered the It can take many months, or even facts,” the company said in a state- European decision. years, before a fine and other pen- ment. “No company cares more POOL PHOTO BY OLIVIER HOSLET/EPA, VIA SHUTTERSTOCK “Amazon, by using its very pow- alties are announced. The com- about small businesses or has erful position on e-commerce competitors, through means like fate of millions of other businesses platform, covering more than one mission also could reach a settle- done more to support them over markets and its dual role as both bundling products, charging high that have no choice but to follow billion products, according to the ment with Amazon, or the case the past two decades than Ama- retailer and marketplace, is mak- fees in app stores and hoarding along. European Commission. could be dropped. zon.” ing it more difficult for independ- data. About 2.3 million merchants Ms. Vestager has warned that The European Commission said The case reinforces the Euro- ent retailers to compete fairly,” Ms. Vestager has raised alarms around the world use Amazon to the biggest companies will only it had also started a parallel inves- pean Union’s role as a leading said Agustin Reyna, director of le- about the “gatekeeper” role of reach customers, including about grow stronger without tougher tigation of Amazon policies tech-industry watchdog, even as gal and economic affairs at the Eu- companies like Amazon, Apple, 37 percent that rely on the com- antitrust enforcement and new around its “buy box,” an impor- past investigations of companies ropean Consumer Organization, a Facebook and Google. The company as their sole source of in- regulations, blocking new compa- tant piece of real estate on Ama- like Google have done little to di- group that has been urging regu- panies have reached such a size, come, according to a U.S. congres- nies and innovations from emerg- zon’s website that makes it easy minish their power. The authori- lators to act against Amazon. she has argued, that they are es- sional report published last ing. for consumers to quickly click to ties in Brussels have argued that sentially micro-economies, set- month. In the European Union, Next month, the European make a purchase. the biggest tech platforms un- ting rules and policies with little Amazon has information on about Monika Pronczuk contributed report- Commission is expected to unveil The commission is studying fairly use their power to box out transparency that determine the 800,000 active sellers using its ing from Brussels.

Renewable Energy Gains Ground, Even in Pandemic Apple Shows Off Mac Series By STANLEY REED The energy industry has experi- With the First Apple Chips enced its worst year in decades because of the pandemic, but By JACK NICAS “Every Mac with M1 will be clean sources for generating elec- and DON CLARK transformed into a completely dif- tricity have still managed to grow, Apple’s breakup with Intel has be- ferent class of product,” Johny the International Energy Agency gun. Srouji, a former Intel engineer said Tuesday. Apple unveiled a new series of who leads Apple’s chip-design Consumption of electricity gen- Mac computers on Tuesday that team, said in the video. He said the erated by wind, solar and hydro- use processors it created for the new chip could achieve three electric sources will grow nearly 7 first time. Since 2005, Apple has times more “performance per percent in 2020, a remarkable relied on Intel to make the proces- watt.” That enabled the new Mac- jump because overall energy de- sors that underpin Apple’s laptops book Pro to have up to 20 hours of mand will slump by 5 percent, the and desktop computers, meaning battery life, the most ever for a steepest drop since World War II, those computers used virtually Macbook, Apple said. the agency, a Paris-based fore- the same chips as many other For Intel, Apple’s shift contin- casting group, said in a new re- PCs. ues a drumbeat of bad news that port. The move away from Intel was largely follows its delays in deliv- This performance shows that the latest sign of the growing ering performance gains in its these renewable sources of ener- power and independence of the chips. It also illustrates the gains gy are “immune to Covid,” Fatih technology industry’s largest possible for computer makers Birol, the agency’s executive di- companies. Apple is large enough with the engineering prowess to rector, said at a news conference. and rich enough to design and design blocks of chip circuitry that Renewables are likely to ex- make those chips itself. Apple has handle specific tasks, like graph- pand nearly 50 percent by 2025, already made the chips inside ics and machine learning. the year when, together, they are iPhones, iPads and the Apple Though Apple represents a expected to eclipse coal as the Watch, and now it creates essen- small chunk of Intel’s business, world’s largest source of electric analysts have warned that any power. SUZIE HOWELL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES tially all major parts of the Mac, Wind turbines in the North Sea, off the coast of England, and a substation that distributes their power to shore. from the software to the hardware major performance leaps by Ap- Renewable electricity is grow- ple might spur other major coming because of government poli- to the components that power the computer. puter makers to start designing cies that encourage such invest- chips of their own or turn to other pledged, could give “unprecedent- ural gas. the electric power generated at its Apple had announced the tran- ments and strong interest among ed positive momentum in the fight The companies say their plant many large wind farms in the wa- suppliers, such as Qualcomm. investors who want to put money sition in June, and said then that it against climate change.” would replace 20 percent of the re- ters off northern Europe. Microsoft is already selling lap- into clean energy projects, accord- would show off the first Macs with In an indication of the new ener- finery’s consumption of this so- Under Bernard Looney, who be- tops powered by that company’s ing to the report. Apple processors later this year. gy landscape that is taking shape, came chief executive this year, BP chips. The world this year is expected Apple said on Thursday that it the London-based oil giant BP is hoping to show investors that But the Apple presentation did- to add nearly 4 percent to its ca- was making “a family of chips” said on Tuesday that it had the company has a future as a n’t provide details of the bench- pacity to generate electricity from and that it would take two years to reached a preliminary agreement Clean power is broader provider of energy and mark tests used to justify the renewables like wind and solar, transition all of its Mac computers with Orsted, a Danish company claimed speed improvements. despite travel restrictions, factory expected to eclipse that it is on the right side of what to the new components. that is the world’s largest develop- “Performance of the new M1 chip closings and other obstacles may prove to be historic trends Apple announced new Macbook er of offshore wind farms, to build is nearly impossible to gauge as caused by the pandemic. coal by 2025. away from fossil fuels. Air and Macbook Pro laptops, as a large pilot plant for generating the company didn’t provide any Next year, growth is expected to Investors have proved eager to well as a new Mac mini desktop emissions-free hydrogen. detailed substantiation around accelerate to around 10 percent. called gray or polluting hydrogen, back clean energy during the pan- computer. All of the computers Hydrogen, a gas, is receiving any of the performance claims That is because projects disrupted enormous attention as a potential reducing emissions each year by demic, while scorning legacy oil went on sale on Tuesday. and gas production. Since the made,” said Patrick Moorhead, an by the pandemic will come online, clean fuel for transportation and the equivalent of around 45,000 In a prerecorded 45-minute in- early days of the pandemic, analyst with Moor Insights & and because governments in Eu- industry. The proposed plant, at a cars. The companies have applied fomercial, a format that has re- shares of “major wind and solar Strategy. “I think these should be rope and Asia are eager to ramp refinery in Lingen, in northwest- for financing from the European placed Apple’s live product companies have rebounded, scrutinized extensively.” up spending to tackle climate ern Germany, would use electrici- Union. launches during the pandemic, a reaching all-time highs,” the In- An Intel spokesman said the change and to help kick-start their ty from an Orsted wind farm in the The deal involves one of the series of Apple executives de- ternational Energy Agency report company remained focused on de- economies. North Sea to generate the gas world’s largest providers of clean scribed how the new Apple pro- said. Strong share price perform- livering the most advanced PC ex- Mr. Birol said a return to the from water. Currently, the refin- energy and an oil giant that cessor, called the M1, would make ance can make it cheaper to fi- periences and a wide range of Paris accord on climate change by ery, like other industrial installa- produces millions of barrels of pol- the new Macs faster and more nance expensive renewable ener- technology choices that redefine the United States, as President- tions, makes the hydrogen that is luting oil and gas every day. power efficient. elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. has consumed at the facility from nat- Orsted is scouting for new uses for gy projects, the report said. computing. B6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

VIRUS FALLOUT

Virus Briefing

AEROSPACE Boeing’s Stock Rises on Hopes That 737 Max Might Return Boeing’s share price climbed to its highest level in months on Tuesday on hopes that federal regulators could allow the troubled 737 Max to fly again in the coming weeks and because of hopeful coronavirus vaccine news. The Federal Aviation Adminis- tration is expected to finish reviewing proposed changes to the Max “in the coming days,” Steve Dickson, the agency’s administrator said in a statement late Monday. That would clear a path for the plane to return to the skies after being grounded in March 2019 following two crashes in which 346 people were killed. Boeing’s stock was up about 4 percent on Tuesday after a larger surge on Monday following an announcement that a coronavirus vaccine being developed by Pfi- zer and BioNTech was more than 90 percent effective in trials, according to early data. The arrival of a vaccine is widely expected to usher in a much-needed recovery for the travel and aviation business. Boeing’s stock price is up about 18 percent this week and at its highest level since June. The stock surge comes after a grueling year for the company. After sweeping layoffs, Boeing expects to start 2021 with 130,000 employees, nearly 19 percent fewer than it had at the start of this year. And, on Tuesday, the company announced that it

FELIX SCHMITT/CONTACT PRESS IMAGES-FOCUS booked no new orders for commercial airplanes in October and customers canceled 12 orders for the 737 Max. So far this year, Boe- They’re First in the Race for a Coronavirus Vaccine ing has lost more than 1,000 orders after accounting for cancel- FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE laborate on a coronavirus vaccine. market value has soared past $21 lations and the diminished likeli- that has killed more than 1.2 mil- Since then, Dr. Sahin, who is billion, making the couple among hood that existing orders will be lion people worldwide. Turkish, has developed a friend- the richest in Germany. delivered. NIRAJ CHOKSHI “It could be the beginning of the ship with Albert Bourla, the Greek The two billionaires live with ENTERTAINMENT end of the Covid era,” Dr. Sahin chief executive of Pfizer. The pair their teenage daughter in a mod- AMC to Rent Out Theaters said in an interview on Tuesday. said in recent interviews that they est apartment near their office. BioNTech began work on the had bonded over their shared They ride bicycles to work. They For Private Film Showings vaccine in January, after Dr. Sahin backgrounds as scientists and im- do not own a car. AMC Entertainment announced read an article in the medical jour- migrants. “Ugur is a very, very unique in- on Tuesday that it would offer Pri- nal The Lancet that left him con- “We realized that he is from dividual,” Mr. Bourla, Pfizer’s vate Theater Rentals at AMC, vinced that the coronavirus, at the Greece, and that I’m from Turkey,” chief executive, said in the inter- which would allow people to re- time spreading quickly in parts of Dr. Sahin said, without mention- view last month. “He cares only serve theaters for private film China, would explode into a full- ing their native countries’ long- about science. Discussing busi- showings, an effort to attract blown pandemic. Scientists at the running antagonism. “It was very ness is not his cup of tea. He does- customers during a pandemic company, based in Mainz, Ger- personal from the very begin- n’t like it at all. He’s a scientist and that has decimated movie the- many, canceled vacations and set ning.” a man of principles. I trust him 100 aters across the country. Dr. Sahin, 55, was born in Isken- percent.” The offering comes after a four- derun, Turkey. When he was 4, his In Germany, where immigra- week trial for the service, which ‘It felt not like an family moved to Cologne, Ger- tion continues to be a fractious is- drew 110,000 inquiries around the many, where his parents worked sue, the success of two scientists country — more than four times opportunity, but a at a Ford factory. He grew up of Turkish descent was cause for the number of bookings in all of duty to do it.’ wanting to be a doctor, and be- celebration. 2019, without any significant mar- came a physician at the Univer- “With this couple, Germany has keting, the company said. Dr. Ugur Sahin, a sity of Cologne. In 1993, he earned a shining example of successful “It’s unprecedented for AMC to receive 110,000 contacts in four co-founder of BioNTech. a doctorate from the university for integration,” wrote the conserva- his work on immunotherapy in tu- tive-business site Focus. weeks about a private theater mor cells. A member of Parliament, Jo- rental, based only on word of mouth and organic publicity, and Early in his career, he met Dr. hannes Vogel, wrote on Twitter we are excited about and appre- Tureci. She had early hopes to be- that if it was up to the far-right Al- ciative of the interest this has come a nun and ultimately wound ternative for Germany party, $21B sparked among AMC guests,” up studying medicine. Dr. Tureci, “there would be no #BioNTech of Market value of BioNTech said Elizabeth Frank, executive now 53 and the chief medical offi- Germany with Ozlem Tureci & Ugur Sahin at the top.” vice president of worldwide pro- cer of BioNTech, was born in Ger- gramming and chief content offi- “If it were up to critics of capital- to work on what they called many, the daughter of a Turkish cer for AMC. ism and globalization,” he added, Project Lightspeed. physician who immigrated from AMC, the largest theater chain “there would be no cooperation “There are not too many com- Istanbul. On the day they were BRYAN DERBALLA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES the United States, said guests with Pfizer. But that makes us panies on the planet which have married, Dr. Sahin and Dr. Tureci Top, Dr. Ugur Sahin, left, and Dr. Ozlem Tureci, founders of BioNTech. could rent any of its approxi- strong: immigration country, the capacity and the competence returned to the lab after the cere- Above, Albert Bourla, chief executive of Pfizer, which said the BioNTech mately 600 theaters nationwide market economy & open society!” to do it so fast as we can do it,” Dr. mony. vaccine appeared to be 90 percent effective in preventing Covid-19. through its website and mobile Dr. Sahin has had little time for Sahin said in an interview last The pair were initially focused app for a movie screening, with month. “So it felt not like an oppor- on research and teaching, includ- politics this year. BioNTech has nologies, including messenger fees starting at $99. New releases tunity, but a duty to do it, because I ing at the University of Zurich, bridge, Mass. In 2018, it began its been so busy developing a vaccine are more expensive — “Tenet,” RNA, to treat cancer. “We want to realized we could be among the where Dr. Sahin worked in the lab partnership with Pfizer. Last year, that the company has not finalized “The War With Grandpa” and build a large European pharma- first coming up with a vaccine.” of Rolf Zinkernagel, who was the Bill & Melinda Gates Founda- the financial details of its partner- “Freaky” could cost as much as After BioNTech had identified awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in ceutical company,” Dr. Sahin said tion invested $55 million to fund ship agreement with Pfizer. $349. The rental fee includes up to in an interview with the Wies- several promising vaccine candi- medicine. its work treating H.I.V. and tuber- “Trust and personal relation- 20 tickets. GILLIAN FRIEDMAN dates, Dr. Sahin concluded that In 2001, Dr. Sahin and Dr. Tureci baden Courier, a local paper. culosis. Also in 2019, Dr. Sahin was ship is so important in such busi- the company would need help to founded Ganymed Pharmaceuti- Even before the pandemic, awarded the Mustafa Prize, a bi- ness, because everything is going GLOBAL ECONOMY rapidly test them, win approval cals, which developed drugs to BioNTech was gaining momen- ennial Iranian prize for Muslims so fast,” Dr. Sahin said. “We still European Union Nears Deal from regulators and bring the best treat cancer using monoclonal tum. The company raised hun- in science and technology. have a term sheet and not yet a fi- On $890 Billion Stimulus nal contract on many things.” candidate to market. BioNTech antibodies. dreds of millions of dollars and Dr. Sahin and Dr. Tureci sold The European Union and its 27 and Pfizer had been working to- After several years they now has more than 1,800 people Ganymed for $1.4 billion in 2016. member states are moving closer gether on a flu vaccine since 2018, founded BioNTech as well, look- on staff, with offices in Berlin, Last year, BioNTech sold shares Christopher F. Schuetze contributed to deploying its landmark stimu- and in March, they agreed to col- ing to use a wider range of tech- other German cities and Cam- to the public; in recent months, its reporting from Berlin. lus package worth 750 billion euros, or $890 billion, to help them out of the deep recession the pandemic is inflicting on the bloc. On Tuesday, negotiators from the European Council, which represents the members’ national governments, and the European Parliament reached a political agreement on a number of sticking points that had put the brakes on the swift deployment of the money. Among the issues: how the money should be spent, whether there would be extra funding for some of the Parliament’s dearest programs and whether stimulus funding should flow to members like Hungary and Poland that are Facts are critical. ignoring bloc’s rule-of-law standards. The stimulus package is part of the E.U.’s multiyear budget, Share them with those which is always the subject of haggling and horse-trading among the various institutions you care about. that govern the bloc. It will see member states, through the European Commis- sion, the bloc’s executive branch, Refer someone to The Times. introduce large-scale joint bor- Visit nytimes.com/refer rowing for the first time, a step toward becoming a closer, more federal-type organization with pooled resources and joint debt. But the stimulus program still needs to get the approval of each European Union government, in many cases by being ratified in national parliaments. Prime Min- ister Viktor Orban of Hungary has threatened to block the program. MATINA STEVIS-GRIDNEFF THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N B7

Commercial Real Estate

Upscale Hospitality, Minus the High Wattage A hotel in Connecticut aims to meet net-zero energy standards and be a model for the industry.

Square Feet By LISA PREVOST

The hotel industry has fallen behind other real estate sectors in adopting energy-efficiency measures, but a Connect- icut developer hopes to change that by converting an office building into what could be the most energy-efficient hotel in the country. The $50 million gamble aims to revive the long-vacant Armstrong Rubber Company headquarters, a distinctive concrete box in New Haven that was designed by the Modernist architect Mar- cel Breuer in the late 1960s, as a 165- room boutique hotel to be called the Ho- tel Marcel. The developer and architect, Bruce Becker, is building the hotel to meet net-

‘It’s probably the most challenging project I’ve ever undertaken.’ Bruce Becker, the architect and developer of the Hotel Marcel.

$0 Its expected energy bill if the hotel generates as much power as it uses. zero energy standards, meaning it will generate as much energy as it uses. “It’s probably the most challenging project I’ve ever undertaken, particularly since we’re doing it during a pandemic,” said Mr. Becker, whose firm, Becker + Becker, is based in Westport. “But I’ve been intrigued with the building at least since I was a graduate student at Yale in the late ’80s, and I thought it could be fascinating.” Some large hotel brands and owners have set companywide greenhouse gas reduction goals, but much of the industry has failed to take advantage of measures that could save energy and reduce operating costs, according to a report by the Urban Land Institute’s Greenprint Cen- ter for Building Performance. Among the obstacles to widespread adoption are complicated hotel owner/ operator models, a lack of collection of energy use data and concerns about the impact on guests, the report said. “The hotel industry is very well poised to benefit from sustainability — the owner/operators carry the burden of all of the energy costs,” said Marta Schantz, the center’s senior vice president. “The fact that this Connecticut project has decided to do it from the get-go is the perfect, most cost-effective way to do it.” PHOTOGRAPHS BY JOHN MUGGENBORG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Ms. Schantz said she knew of no other The former headquarters of Armstrong Rubber, which is being remade into the 165-room net-zero energy hotel in the United Hotel Marcel, in New Haven, Conn. The structure’s compact shape makes for a naturally States. But some major hotel brands are energy-efficient envelope, said Bruce Becker, left, the developer behind the project. trying to reduce their carbon footprint, using various management systems and apps to track their progress. called 777 Main Street, is powered with a solar tax credits, federal and state his- Among the leaders is Host Hotels & fuel cell and a solar array. The U.S. Green toric tax credits, and a utility program Resorts, a real estate investment trust Building Council gave the building its grant. that owns about 80 upscale hotels in highest efficiency rating, LEED Plati- Christopher Arnold, Liberty’s senior Brazil, Canada and the United States. num. vice president and commercial real es- The trust is aiming for a 55 percent re- For the hotel project, solar canopies tate manager, said that although the ho- duction in carbon emissions by 2025. over the parking lot and rooftop solar tel industry faced extreme challenges Such goals are of increasing interest to panels will supply all of the building’s because of the pandemic, this project’s investors, who regularly ask about envi- electricity, Mr. Becker said. High-effi- proximity to Yale, its high visibility and ronmentally and socially sound business ciency air-source heat pumps will be its inclusion in the Hilton network gave practices, said Michael Chang, the direc- used for heating and cooling. him confidence it would succeed. The ef- tor of energy and sustainability for Host Other efficiency measures will include ficiency measures will help by lowering Hotels. triple-glazed windows, high-efficiency operating costs and enhancing cash flow, The trust uses a diagnostic tool that insulation, an all-electric heat pump he said. identifies opportunities to install energy- HVAC system, and heat and energy re- The hotel is likely to gain national at- saving technology — like LED lighting covery systems. These methods should tention because its level of sustainability and room thermostats with occupancy help the hotel meet passive house stand- “just doesn’t happen in the hospitality in- sensors — that provide a good return on ards, a set of design principles aimed at dustry,” said W. Chris Green, the presi- investment, he said. The trust makes the creating ultra-low-energy buildings, Mr. dent and chief executive of Chesapeake investments, and it depends on hotel op- Becker said. Hospitality, a Maryland-based hotel operators to use them efficiently. To that ground-level lab space. The building’s about 2.5 acres for $1.2 million. “It will probably cost about $5 per end, it prefers to work with brands that erator that will manage the property. beige exterior is made of precast con- He recognized the structure’s compact square foot more, but we’ll be saving have their own sustainability programs “I do believe this is going to be a huge crete panels and is lined with deep-inset shape as a naturally efficient envelope — about $1 per square foot every year on in place, Mr. Chang said. energy,” Mr. Becker said. “So it really test,” Mr. Green said. “Hotels are long- windows. the ratio of surface area to interior space The trust also hopes to increase the re- does make a lot of sense. It’s an opportu- term real estate plays — there is a value Locals also know it as the Pirelli build- is low, a plus for minimizing heat gain in newable share of its energy use by 30 nity to create a new paradigm that the to saving money on electricity, sewage the summer or heat loss in the winter. percent in the next five years, primarily ing; the Italian tire maker moved into the hotel industry can look at and study and and water.” through off-site solar agreements. space in 1988. Ikea bought the property “It’s hard to make buildings that me- learn from.” Mr. Becker hopes to spur the industry “Even if we blanketed our portfolio in 2003 for one of its warehouselike ander efficient,” Mr. Becker said. “But Slated to open next fall as part of with his all-in approach. Many sustain- with solar, we’d probably only get to 10 stores. Much to the consternation of with a highly efficient envelope and Hilton’s Tapestry Collection, Hotel Mar- ability strategies, like eliminating single- percent of our energy usage,” Mr. Chang preservationists, the company demol- building systems, we’ll be able to use cel will have a restaurant, a bar, meeting use shampoo bottles and asking guests said. “There is a limited amount of space ished a taillike section of the ground about 80 percent less energy than a typi- spaces and a top-floor gallery with views to reuse towels, are largely “superficial to put panels on.” floors to allow for more parking, but it cal hotel building.” of Long Island Sound on one side and the measures,” he said. The Armstrong building, along Inter- left the rest of the building intact. Mr. Becker has considerable experi- city skyline on the other. “If you really want to change the para- state 95 near New Haven Harbor, is nota- In recent years, Ikea has worked with ence with high-efficiency construction, The project is being partly financed digm, you’ve got to not use fossil fuels ble for a striking Brutalist design that in- the city to come up with a plan to convert most recently at a Modernist office build- through a $25 million construction loan and generate all your energy on site,” he corporates a two-story open gap be- the historic structure into a hotel. Last ing in Hartford that he redeveloped into a from Liberty Bank in Middletown, Conn. said. “I think the time will come when tween the block of offices above and the year, Mr. Becker bought the building and 27-story apartment tower. That project, The balance is a mix of developer equity, what we’re doing becomes the norm.”

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RECENT SALE RECENT SALE RECENT LEASE $2.375million $5.35million $40/sq. ft. 236 Kingsland Avenue (between 1921 Hobart Avenue (between St. $147,000 approximate annual rent Nassau and Driggs Avenues) Theresa and Wilkinson Avenues) 350 Seventh Avenue (at West 29th Brooklyn The Bronx Street) This 4,875-square-foot apartment Built in 1929, this 27,000-square- Manhattan building in Greenpoint contains six foot, four-story walk-up apartment Unipharm, a pharmaceutical com- free-market apartments, all of building in Pelham Bay contains 29 pany, is subleasing 3,675 square which have two bedrooms and one one-bedroom units and four two- feet of office space in this building bathroom. It was built in 1931 and bedrooms. in Midtown. The sublease is through last changed hands in 1987. The Buyers: Arber Realty and 1111 East Aug. 31, 2022. building was delivered vacant. Tremont Realty R.G. Landlord: Empire State Realty Trust Buyer: 236 Kingsland Buyers’ Brokers: Aaron Jungreis Landlord’s Brokers: Bert Rosenblatt Seller: Estate of Cecilia Markowski BESTREICH REALTY GROUP and Alex Fuchs of Rosewood Realty CHRISTOPHER BRIDE COSTAR and Michael Herz of Vicus Partners Brokers: Derek Bestreich, Luke Group Sproviero, Donal Flaherty, Hakeem Seller: 1921 Hobart, c/o the Mor- Lecky and Corey Haynes of Bestre- gan Group ich Realty Group Seller’s Broker: Mr. Jungreis

SOPHIA JUNE Email: [email protected] B8 WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 SCORES ANALYSIS COMMENTARY N

THE 84TH MASTERS AUGUSTA NATIONAL A Storied Course Comes Late to the Conversation

By KAREN CROUSE The coronavirus pandemic has silenced the Masters Tourna- ment’s resonant roars. It has erased the par-3 contest, drained the color from the wintering azaleas and brought brisk north winds into play for the first time. This week’s tournament, rescheduled from the first major of the year to the last and stripped down to better safeguard the participants from the virus, is happening in one kind of bubble. But Augusta National has always existed in a bubble, a by- product of a famously private club consolidating its influence and then enforcing it over the decades while maintaining practices that, throughout most of its storied history, were exclusionary and racist. The Masters, first played in 1934, didn’t extend an invitation to a Black competitor until 1975. The club didn’t admit its first Black member until 1990 and didn’t offer membership to women until 2012. As host to what is considered the most prestigious event on the golf calendar, on the most exqui- site course that money can maintain, Augusta National serves up a history that is Southern comfort food for the pilgrim’s soul while leaving out the unappetizing bits. After a year characterized by widespread protests over racial inequality and amid an ongoing reckoning in America over race, Augusta National on Monday at last joined the conversation. The club announced plans to honor Lee Elder, who in 1975 became the first Black man to play in the Mas- ters. On the 45th anniversary of his barrier-breaking appearance, Elder was recognized with an invitation to become an honorary starter alongside the sport’s elder statesmen and long-serving curtain-raisers, 85-year-old Gary LEONARD KAMSLER/POPPERFOTO, VIA GETTY IMAGES Player and 80-year-old Jack Nick- laus. In 1975, Lee Elder be- Fred Ridley, Augusta National’s came the first Black golfer chairman, said Elder, 86, would to play the Masters. Char- join Player and Nicklaus for the lie Sifford, far left, never ceremonial first tee shot next played the tournament year, when he hopefully can be despite winning two PGA surrounded, and celebrated, by the tournament’s customary com- Tour titles in the 1960s. plement of fans. Wendell Haskins, left, “The opportunity to earn an in- first proposed making vitation to the Masters and stand Elder an honorary starter at that first tee was my dream, and at Augusta. to have it come true in 1975 remains one of the greatest highlights of my career and life,” Elder Jim Dent, 81, an Augusta native said in a statement. “So to be invit- and Paine College alumnus, pared back to the first tee one more ticipated in his first Masters when time to join Jack and Gary for next he was 15 — as a caddie, because year’s Masters means the world to that was the only avenue available me.” BETTMANN ARCHIVES/GETTY IMAGES SAUL MARTINEZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES to him at the time. He joined the Ridley also revealed that the PGA Tour at 31 without the benefit club would fund a women’s golf from the family of Charlie Sifford, orary starter at Augusta more Upon hearing the news that Au- the grounds and noticed that most of a single lesson and, as a long- program at Paine College, a his- whose two PGA Tour victories, at than five years ago. But it wasn’t gusta National had adopted his of the patrons, as the spectators hitting journeyman pro, inspired torically Black college in Augusta, the 1967 Greater Hartford Open until he got outside golf’s bubble, proposal, Haskins was reflective. are called, were white. And most other Black players for parts of Ga., and endow two scholarships and the 1969 Los Angeles Open, he said, that he understood why “It’s significant for Augusta Na- of the people picking up the trash five decades while winning more there in Elder’s name, one to a stu- were not enough to gain him a he had not been able to make more tional to be doing this at this mo- and serving him food in the media than $500,000 on the tour and dent on the men’s golf team and start at the Masters. inroads in the sport. ment in time,” said Haskins, now center were Black. posting 12 victories on the 50-and- one to a student on the women’s. “He did everything that was re- This fall, Haskins enrolled in an the chief marketing officer of the “I felt that angst, that uncom- older tour. In a statement, Ridley said the quired,” said Sifford’s son Charlie online course through Cornell Professional Collegiate League. “I fortability,” Makin said. Dent was to the ’70s what club had decided to recognize Eld- Jr., “and they kept changing the University to earn a diversity and think it’s extremely special. I He was at the event again in Bryson DeChambeau is to 2020 — er’s “courageous life” because of requirements.” inclusion certificate. One of the know it’s going to mean a lot to the 2012, he said, and hasn’t been back a pro whose drives made jaws “all he has done in his career to In 1983, Calvin Peete, the sec- lessons, he said, was that mean- people of color who want to see since. Makin, who now hosts a drop. In June, the entrance to the ond Black golfer after Elder to ingful diversity in any club or more reflections of themselves in podcast, said: “I call it ‘that golf Augusta Municipal Golf Course compete in the Masters, was company can only happen when the game.” tournament.’ The reason I call it was renamed Jim Dent Way to asked his opinion of the Masters the people brought in are not ex- Still, he remained dubious that ‘that golf tournament’ is I think honor his contributions to the A club with a history traditions. “Till Lee Elder came, pected to conform to the existing the club’s power brokers were calling it the Masters when you sport. Ira Miller, the general man- the only Blacks here were caddies environment but are encouraged committed to changing its culture. understand its sordid history, I ager of the course, known affec- of exclusion honors its and waiters,” he said. “To ask a to add their unique perspective. “What are they doing from this think the Masters is in and of itself tionately as the Patch, would love Black man how he feels about the day forward to create a climate an ideology that literally ties back to see Dent recognized in some first Black competitor. traditions of the Masters is like that is welcoming and comfort- to white supremacy.” way by Augusta National. asking him how he feels about his able and allowing people to be If Augusta National’s loblolly “Jim is right here in the back- forefathers, who were slaves.” their authentic selves?” Haskins pines, some of which predate the yard,” Miller said, adding, “What In 2020, the defending cham- said. Civil War, could talk, they would stops them from honoring him?” help eliminate barriers and in- pion is Tiger Woods, a five-time In 2008, Kenton Makin, who is tell the story of a parcel of land Sifford’s son Charlie Jr. said his spire Black men and women in the winner whose 15 major champi- Black, was assigned to that has gone from an indigo plan- father, known to his family as Big game of golf and beyond.” onships make him the most con- cover the Masters for The tation in the middle of the 19th Charlie, never set foot on the Unspoken was the fact that Au- spicuous symbol of racial Aiken Standard, a daily century to a private white men’s grounds of Augusta National be- gusta National could have hon- progress in the sport. newspaper in South society that reflected the racist fore his death in 2015 at age 92. He ored Elder five, 10 or 15 years ago. “Yes, it has had some roots that Carolina. He walked mores of the 20th century to a pri- could never get out of his head In choosing to do so now, the club I don’t think that everyone is vate wealthy person’s society in what he claimed Roberts had appeared to be trying to catch the proud of,” Woods said last month, the 21st century that hosts the said: As long as Roberts was alive, tail end of a wave of racial awak- referring to Augusta National. most prestigious professional golf all the caddies at Augusta Na- enings that spurred work stop- “But it has evolved. We have mi- tournament in the world, has tional would be Black and all the pages across a variety of profes- nority members now. It’s more di- Black and female members and players would be white. Roberts sional sports, forced the N.F.L. to verse.” now even oversees a women’s am- died in 1977 of a self-inflicted gun- publicly reverse its position on on- Augusta National’s member- ateur tournament. shot wound. field protests and led to the ban- ship, thought to number roughly “The reality is we can’t get Sifford’s nephew Chris Sifford ning of the Confederate flag at 300, is not a matter of public caught looking back to claw our traveled from his home in North NASCAR events. record. The club’s dues and rules way forward,” Swann, 68, said, Carolina to attend his first Mas- Yet golf, especially in America, are also kept secret, though it can adding, “We’ve got to progress ters some time ago. Walking the has always been different. His- be surmised by the reluctance of and move forward, and those peo- storied course, “I got goose torically it has practiced segrega- members to speak openly that not ple who have held others back are bumps,” he said. tion by class, gender, race and reli- publicly addressing club matters going to have to make an adjust- But as the day wore on and he gion. The Professional Golfers As- is rule No. 1. ment and understand that that is took in the majesty of the grounds sociation had a “Caucasian One member, Lynn Swann, an no longer viable.” and the magnificence of the event, clause” from 1934 to 1961, which N.F.L. Hall of Fame receiver and It was never going to be possi- he thought of his uncle, and his precluded nonwhites from becom- one-time Republican nominee for ble to move forward without revis- ebullient mood soured. ing members. governor of Pennsylvania, de- iting the past. The initiatives that “Here was this guy who did ev- Augusta National’s founders, murred weeks ago when asked Ridley announced Monday may erything you told him to do that the famed amateur Bobby Jones about the proposal to honor Elder. Fred Ridley, relieve the tension that has rip- was required and he wasn’t al- and the Wall Street broker Clifford “The club has some histories Augusta pled just beneath the serene sur- lowed to play,” Chris Sifford said. “As electrifying as it was to walk Roberts, were both men of their and traditions and things that National’s face of the Masters, the tug and times. In Golf Digest in 2017, Tom they follow,” Swann said in a tele- pull between people who revere the golf course, I really left sad Callahan wrote that Jones and phone interview. “I’m on a com- chairman, Augusta National as a holy place knowing what they did to him.” Roberts “might not have been any mittee that does not look into with Elder on and those who view it as a rem- He has not been back. more bigoted than the average those things.” Monday. nant of the country’s segrega- “I think they should right the American born in 1894 or 1902, but Wendell Haskins, who left his tionist history. But in honoring ship by rewriting the narrative,” neither was a champion of affirm- post as the diversity director for one Black player, it also shines a Chris Sifford said, adding, “They ative action.” the PGA of America in 2017, first DOUG MILLS/ new light on those it continues to never righted the ship, especially THE NEW Callahan will get no argument proposed making Elder an hon- YORK TIMES ignore. as Charlie was concerned.” THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N B9

GOLF THE MASTERS BASEBALL DeChambeau Calls the Shots That’ll Enthrall The New Guys AUGUSTA, Ga. — Bryson DeChambeau was specific on Tuesday about his long-driving Sound Confident. plans to brazenly overrun Au- gusta National Golf Club, home to the Masters Is This the Mets? BILL tournament since PENNINGTON 1934. For sports The greatest frustration for a manure in your path but step in fans who do not die-hard fan is to believe you it anyway. follow golf, here ON care more than the owner of your In Cohen, Alderson said, he GOLF are some points of favorite team. You splurge for found an owner who could re- reference: tickets and hang on every pitch. store respectability and shed the What DeChambeau envisions You treasure the well-earned label for slapstick. is something akin to kicking a TYLER memories and plot On Tuesday’s call, Alderson read 75-yard field goal. Or slamming a for the future. Your from a memo he prepared for 650-foot home run. Sinking a KEPNER loyalty is unshak- Cohen outlining his mission. half-court shot with the ease of a able, as permanent “First page, second para- free throw. Now imagine doing ON as height or shoe graph,” Alderson said. “A vision those things 14 consecutive times BASEBALL size. All you ask is for new ownership: to create an in the midst of a single major that the folks in charge also iconic major league franchise competition. bleed in team colors. respected for its success — com- That is what the beefy In baseball, caring tends to petitive and financial success — DeChambeau plans to unleash on mean spending. It is a harsh and how it achieves that success, the Masters when he tees off in calculation in most places, but and for its commitment to fans the first round at 7:33 a.m. East- not in New York, where people and community.” ern on Thursday. It doesn’t mean understand the basic rule: stuff DeChambeau will shoot a record- Respect should flow not costs a lot. If you are not pre- merely from winning, Alderson low score, but regular viewers of pared to spend, you should prob- golf’s most-watched event might said, but from the way a team DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES ably leave town. see some things they have never operates. As an initial good-will Bryson DeChambeau at No. 18, where he plans to have only a 110-yard second shot in the Masters. Steven A. Cohen paid $2.475 gesture last week, Cohen re- seen before. And because billion last week to buy the Mets DeChambeau has been remark- stored the pre-pandemic salaries from the Wilpon family, who ably accurate with his towering of all Mets employees, reversing other golfers in the field will be that strategy on the modern, one-half inches. A longer shaft spent 18 years as principal own- drives in practice rounds this the 5 to 30 percent pay cuts hitting woods and hoping to land lengthened 18th? can mean a higher swing speed ers without finding the right week, it’s worth noting that he is implemented in March. He also on that green. Said DeChambeau with a and longer shots, although it’s combination of funds, drive and also the betting line favorite to established a relief fund for The 350-yard third hole? Piece shrug: “I can have only 110 yards harder to keep the ball traveling vision to win the World Series — back up his United States Open seasonal employees who work at of cake; he’s been driving that off to the green.” As in, another straight. or win over the fans. In Cohen, victory in September with his Citi Field. the tee. The 495-yard fifth hole? wedge. Still, DeChambeau did not rule who grew up taking the train second major golf championship Those gestures cost Cohen Well, it has been playing into the His contemporaries are in on out unveiling his 48-inch driver from Great Neck on Long Island at the Masters. about $9.5 million, he said last wind so he’s had to settle on a the gag and know what’s coming. this week. As late as Thursday to Shea Stadium to watch the On Tuesday, the ever-meticu- week — or less than the Mets 9-iron for his second shot. Bum- Justin Thomas, the third-ranked afternoon, he was still testing it Mets from the upper deck with lous, numbers-driven DeCham- would have spent on Brad Hand, mer that’s not a wedge, too. golfer in the world, played a his buddies, the fans have one of beau, who has gained 40 pounds on the practice range. With the an All-Star reliever for the Cleve- And on and on it went on Tues- practice round with DeCham- their own in charge. in the last year and anywhere longer shaft, he had gotten his land Indians who went un- day as DeChambeau ticked off beau on Monday. He just happens to run a hedge from 30 to 70 yards of length on swing speed up to 144 miles per claimed by every team on how easily some of the Augusta “It’s a substantially easier golf fund, Point72 Asset Manage- his drives, went hole by hole with hour. Most recreational golfers waivers last week. Had Cohen course for him than it is for ev- ment, and have an estimated net his plans for Augusta National. struggle to surpass 90 m.p.h. erybody else,” Thomas said with worth of more than $14 billion. He skipped the par-3 holes, “I mean, it looks really promis- A Field of a laugh. “I sure would like to be “I’m essentially doing it for the because, let’s face it, what’s the ing right now,” DeChambeau said A hole-by-hole plan hitting from his tee shots as fans,” Cohen said on Tuesday. Fourth-Place Finishes point talking about short chal- of the driver. “I did not expect it opposed to mine distance-wise.” “When I really thought about lenges? DeChambeau only goes to work yesterday. But it did The Mets have played in Citi Field for the equivalent of this, I could make millions of big and is planning to bomb tee Thomas was asked why he work yesterday. I’m not 100 since 2009, finishing in fourth bothered to play a practice round people happy, and what an in- shots over 100-foot tall pine trees 650-foot home runs. percent sure if I’ll put it in play place seven times. The team has with DeChambeau. Wouldn’t it be credible opportunity that is. to cut the corners on 510-yard yet.” only made the playoffs twice — better for his psyche to avoid the That’s how I’m thinking about holes. Or, consider the 445-yard So many decisions for the man including a loss to Kansas City in image of DeChambeau’s soaring this. I’m not trying to make first hole, which is entirely uphill who has been a focus of all the the 2015 World Series. National greens could be to tee shots? money here. I have my business and has been played this week in buzz preceding the 2020 Masters. reach. For him. “I mean, I’ve seen it before, it’s at Point 72 and I make money YEAR RECORD PCT. FINISH wet, soft grass conditions that And then there will be the hun- As for the course’s most piv- not like I’ve never played with over there. So here, it’s really starkly inhibit the roll of a tee dreds of choices DeChambeau 2009 70-92 .432 4th shot. otal, and typically daunting, final him,” Thomas said. “It just con- about building something great, holes, DeChambeau has big firmed what I already knew.” will have to make as he lines up building something for the fans, 2010 79-83 .488 4th At least for the everyday, putts on the undulating, vexing multimillionaire pro golfer. Not plans for those as well. A pitch- And then Thomas added an- winning. I just find this an amaz- Augusta National greens, where 2011 77-85 .475 4th DeChambeau-flex. ing wedge to the 11th green, other possibility. ing opportunity.” the tournament has been cus- Cohen and his new team presi- He expects to have only 60 same thing for the 510-yard, “Once he starts messing with 2012 74-88 .457 4th tomarily won or lost. yards left on his second shot at par-5 13th hole. He plans an that longer driver and has a little dent, Sandy Alderson, the former the first hole. That’s a rather 8-iron into the par-5 15th. And bit more free time,” he said, DeChambeau is aware. Mets’ general manager, spoke for 2013 74-88 .457 3rd the famed 18th hole? “then as crazy as it is, he might “It comes down to putting and 45 minutes each in a news con- effortless wedge shot from there 2014 79-83 .488 T-2nd for anybody. On the second hole, DeChambeau figures to fly the be able to hit it further.” chipping out here,” he conceded. ference by video conferencing that heralded a new day in the DeChambeau said in practice bunkers on the left, a tactic of the DeChambeau has been practic- Then, it was back to talking 2015† 90-72 .556 1st rounds he has been hitting a 1991 Masters champion, Ian ing with a driver that has an about the gargantuan drives. often-tortured history of the 7-iron for his second shot into Woosnam, except the hole was 48-inch shaft, the longest allowed Because nobody talks about team. It was startlingly smooth, 2016‡ 87-75 .537 2nd pitch-perfect messaging from a that par 5, which is 575 yards dozens of yards shorter 29 years in the rules. The standard length 25-yard field goals, 300-foot 2017 70-92 .432 4th long. Keep in mind that many ago. So what’s the advantage to on the PGA Tour is about 45 and home runs or 20-foot jump shots. team rarely known to consistently articulate its principles. 2018 77-85 .475 4th The Mets missed the playoffs in 15 of the last 18 seasons, in- 2019 86-76 .531 3rd PRO FOOTBALL cluding the last four, after the Wilpons bought out Nelson Dou- 2020 26-34 .433 4th bleday’s half-stake of the fran- †Lost in World Series chise in August 2002. They have ‡Lost in wild-card game not won a championship since Source: New York Mets Dolphins Have a Phenom and, for Once, a Plan 1986. Cohen, 64, is tired of waiting. been in place, Alderson said, the The Miami Dolphins were Celebrity journeyman-for-hire “Only one team wins the World Mets might have made the $10 perhaps the N.F.L.’s least rele- Ryan Fitzpatrick started the first Series every year, so that’s a million claim. vant team from the turn of the six games of this season while pretty high bar,” he said. “But if I “Now, is that a good deal?” 21st century until two Sundays Tagovailoa completed his N.F.L. don’t win a World Series in the Alderson said. “I don’t know. It’s ago. orientation. Fitzpatrick then next three to five years — I’d like probably overpaying a little bit, They were never sparked a minor controversy by to make it sooner — then obvi- who knows? But today, given MIKE truly great during complaining about his demotion, ously I would consider that what we want to achieve, it’s not TANIER that time, but were which came before he could earn slightly disappointing.” about how much less we can get rarely terrible his customary annual benching Alderson, 72, helped build the somebody for. It’s more about TREND enough to be comi- after a multi-interception melt- Mets’ last pennant winner in getting that somebody. Now, I WATCH cally entertaining, down. Flores appears to have 2015. He left three years later don’t want to create the impres- either. They changed quarterbacks at the while fighting cancer and then sion that we’re going to go out produced few stars or person- proper time, however: Tagov- advised the team he first ran, the and sign a bunch of players. But alities and fewer memorable ailoa looks as prepared as any Oakland Athletics. The chance to we now can emphasize the acqui- moments. The Dolphins of the rookie, and there have been no preside over the Mets’ baseball sition rather than the cost.” last two decades appeared to signs of any locker room division. and business operations in- Alderson said the Mets’ man- exist solely to provide a place- Flores projects a very different trigued him, he said, because of ager, Luis Rojas, would “very holder in the A.F.C. East stand- image from other recent Beli- Cohen and the “immense possi- likely” return for a second sea- ings to visibly illustrate the chick protégés. Detroit Lions bilities” he represents for a tat- son. The team is seeking both a chasm between the New Eng- MARK BROWN/GETTY IMAGES Coach Matt Patricia, who up- tered brand. president of baseball operations land Patriots and the Jets. The Dolphins have won staged Belichick in the mid-2010s “The Mets are a storied fran- and a general manager to re- All of that was beginning to two in a row with Tua by strutting along the sideline chise, if you will,” Alderson said. place the fired Brodie Van Wage- change when the rookie quarter- Tagovailoa at quarterback with a pencil behind his ear like “Some of the stories have been nen, and already, Alderson said, back Tua Tagovailoa made his and Brian Flores provid- Kevin Smith directing “Jay and good. Some of them have been the jobs are attracting more and highly anticipated debut as a ing steady coaching. Silent Bob Take the SATs,” has bad. If we want to be an iconic better candidates than they could starter on Nov. 1 against the Los developed a reputation for alien- franchise, which I think we are have before. Angeles Rams. The Dolphins ating star players by enforcing capable of doing, we have to Free agents, naturally, will find have won two straight games petty rules. write more good stories than a generous owner more alluring, with Tagovailoa leading their skeptical of the Grier/Flores Bill O’Brien, famous for his bad, and occasionally we have to and teams hoping to unload offense and are now enjoying administration: Grier was a lifer in-your-face approach with write a really epic story. That’s salaries will be eager to talk their first four-game winning in an organization that appeared Brady (who was already a super- what excites me about these next trade. Cohen said he would trust streak since 2016. to need fresh voices, and Beli- star when O’Brien began coach- few months and years, because I Alderson’s new staff to make the Tagovailoa has been solid but chick’s disciples have a well- ing him), spent six years demol- think we have the chance to do right decisions, and pledged that unspectacular in his first two earned reputation for inheriting ishing the Houston Texans’ ros- that.” the Mets would not spend like starts. His two-touchdown per- all of their mentor’s dictatorial ter and front office before getting Alderson, who served in the “drunken sailors.” But he left no formance in Sunday’s 34-31 vic- grouchiness but none of his fired in October. Flores, by con- United States Marine Corps and doubt of his goal: restoring pride tory against the Arizona Cardi- wisdom. trast, appears to practice the earned a law degree from Har- to his favorite team. nals was encouraging, but he did Sure enough, the Dolphins process-driven, detail-oriented, vard, has long chafed at the “I’m not in this to be me- little in his first start except hold began the 2019 season with sev- even-tempered approach that Mets’ reputation for comedic diocre,” Cohen said. “That’s just the steering wheel and sit in his en straight losses, the first four Belichick and the Patriots have chaos and unforced errors. A not my thing. I want something JASEN VINLOVE/USA TODAY defense’s lap while it forced four SPORTS, VIA REUTERS by a combined margin of 163-26. long preached. former general manager, Steve great, and I know the fans want turnovers. Tagovailoa makes the There appeared to be a silver The Dolphins are not close to Phillips, likes to say that to run something great. That’s my goal Dolphins interesting, but it’s the swept away the previous re- lining though: The Dolphins being Super Bowl contenders the Mets is to see the pile of and that’s what I’m going to do.” second-year coach Brian Flores gime’s decisions, a third regime were positioning themselves to yet. There are two rookies start- who is making the team competi- was often poised to exert itself. select Tagovailoa, who helped ing on their offensive line, their tive. The years of friction and inde- Alabama win the national cham- defense is bulwarked by Patriots The Dolphins spent the 15 cision trapped the team in a pionship in 2017, threw 43 touch- castoffs, and Tagovailoa will seasons between the slow col- holding pattern. The Dolphins down passes while leading them inevitably experience some lapse of the Jimmy Johnson and finished from 6-10 to 8-8 10 times back to the title game after the growing pains. But the young- Dave Wannstedt eras and Flo- since 2006, reaching the playoffs 2018 season, and was considered sters are developing, and the res’s arrival operating at cross just twice and winning the A.F.C. a can’t-miss prospect by most veterans are playing fundamen- purposes. The organization cy- East in 2008 only, when Tom experts. tally sound football. Further- cled through coaches (Nick Brady’s anterior cruciate liga- Tagovailoa sustained a severe more, Grier stockpiled extra Saban, Cam Cameron, Tony ment injury forced the Patriots to hip injury last November, caus- first- and second-round picks in Sparano, Joe Philbin, Adam take a gap year. ing his draft stock to dip. Flores 2021 by trading offensive tackle Gase, and some temps) and Chris Grier became general began leading the Dolphins to Laremy Tunsil to the Texans personnel executives (Randy manager in 2016 and hired Flores occasional victories about the during one of O’Brien’s generous Mueller, Bill Parcells and his after consolidating control over same time. Having just enough moods, so the Dolphins should lieutenants, Dennis Hickey, and football operations in 2019. Grier success to sabotage their future have a talent infusion next year. Dan Marino for three not-so- was a Parcells protégé who spent draft opportunities would be The Dolphins now appear to memorable weeks) to a synco- 20 years climbing the Dolphins’ very on-brand for the Dolphins, have a franchise quarterback pated rhythm that sometimes organizational chart, and Flores but Flores was rewarded for his and the type of “winning culture” resulted in coaches working for had worked his way up from a late-season effort to salvage the that inspires N.F.L. insiders to general managers who did not Patriots scouting assistant to Bill team’s dignity when a healthy compose refrigerator magnet hire them while trying to win Belichick’s de facto defensive Tagovailoa remained on the poetry. It’s not much, but after 20 NEW YORK METS, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS with quarterbacks whom neither coordinator. Yet despite their board until the fifth overall pick years of directionless mediocrity, Steven A. Cohen, the Mets’ new owner, speaking at a news con- selected. By the time one regime resumes, there was reason to be in the draft in April. it’s finally a start. ference on Zoom. “I’m not in this to be mediocre,” he said. B10 N THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

SAILING SCOREBOARD

FOOTBALL N.F.L. STANDINGS

AMERICAN CONFERENCE East W L T Pct PF PA Buffalo ...... 7 2 0 .778 242 233 Miami ...... 5 3 0 .625 222 161 N. England ....3 5 0 .375 166 194 Jets ...... 0 9 0 .000 121 268 South W L T Pct PF PA Tennessee ....6 2 0 .750 232 201 Indianapolis ....5 3 0 .625 208 160 Houston ...... 2 6 0 .250 193 242 Jacksonville ....1 7 0 .125 179 247 North W L T Pct PF PA Pittsburgh .....8 0 0 1.000 235 161 Baltimore .....6 2 0 .750 227 142 Cleveland .....5 3 0 .625 206 237 Cincinnati .....2 5 1 .313 194 214 West W L T Pct PF PA Kansas City ....8 1 0 .889 286 183 Las Vegas. . . . . 5 3 0 .625 218 229 Denver ...... 3 5 0 .375 174 217 L.A. Chargers. . . 2 6 0 .250 205 216 NATIONAL CONFERENCE East W L T Pct PF PA Phila...... 3 4 1 .438 186 205 Washington ....2 6 0 .250 153 188 Dallas ...... 2 7 0 .222 204 290 Giants ...... 2 7 0 .222 168 219 South W L T Pct PF PA New Orleans . . . 6 2 0 .750 244 200 Tampa Bay . . . . 6 3 0 .667 250 203 Atlanta ...... 3 6 0 .333 243 251 Carolina ...... 3 6 0 .333 210 226 North W L T Pct PF PA Green Bay ....6 2 0 .750 253 204 Chicago ...... 5 4 0 .556 178 190 Detroit ...... 3 5 0 .375 197 240 Minnesota .....3 5 0 .375 217 234 West W L T Pct PF PA Seattle ...... 6 2 0 .750 274 243 Arizona ...... 5 3 0 .625 234 180 L.A. Rams .....5 3 0 .625 193 152 San Fran...... 4 5 0 .444 225 207 Sunday, Nov. 8 Giants 23, Washington 20 Atlanta 34, Denver 27 Baltimore 24, Indianapolis 10 Buffalo 44, Seattle 34 Houston 27, Jacksonville 25 Kansas City 33, Carolina 31 Minnesota 34, Detroit 20 Tennessee 24, Chicago 17 Las Vegas 31, L.A. Chargers 26 Miami 34, Arizona 31 Pittsburgh 24, Dallas 19 New Orleans 38, Tampa Bay 3 Open: Cincinnati, Cleveland, L.A. Rams, Philadelphia Monday, Nov. 9 New England 30, Jets 27 Thursday, Nov. 12 Indianapolis at Tennessee, 8:20 p.m. SOCCER M.L.S. PLAYOFF SCHEDULE

VINCENT CURUTCHET/ALEA PLAY-IN Eastern Conference Romain Attanasio and Samantha Davies are life partners who will race on different boats in the Vendée Globe. “For both of us, it’s our dream,” Davies said. Friday, Nov. 20 Montreal at New England, 6:30 p.m Inter Miami CF at Nashville SC, 9 p.m. FIRST ROUND Eastern Conference Saturday, Nov. 21 Power Couple Heads Around the World, Against Each Other Orlando City vs. N.Y.C.F.C., noon Columbus vs. Red Bulls, 3 p.m. Tuesday, Nov. 24 Toronto FC vs. higher-seeded play-in winner, 6 p.m. By CHRIS MUSELER Splitting up their training over Philadelphia vs. lower-seeded play-in winner, 8 p.m. the past two years, each taking Western Conference Before beginning the Vendée Saturday, Nov. 22 Globe, a solo, nonstop around-the- turns being with their son while Sporting Kansas City vs. San Jose, 4 p.m. the other is at sea, is distinct in the Minnesota United vs. Colorado, 7:30 p.m. world sailing race, Romain At- Portland vs. FC Dallas, 10 p.m. tanasio could only describe the hyper-focused world of solo sail- Tuesday, Nov. 24 ing. Once working on each other’s Seattle vs. Los Angeles FC, 10:30 p.m. preparation as complicated. ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE Sure, there was sorting out the campaign in the past, they are sails. And fine-tuning the naviga- now competitors, but they are not Team GP W D L GF GA Pts competitive with each other, Leicester ...... 8 6 0 2 18 9 18 tion systems and acquiring and Tottenham .....8 5 2 1 19 9 17 mostly because Davies is proba- Liverpool ...... 8 5 2 1 18 16 17 storing three months worth of Southampton . . . 8 5 1 2 16 12 16 freeze-dried food and trouble- bly going to be a front-runner in Chelsea ...... 8 4 3 1 20 10 15 her more modern sailboat. Aston Villa .....7 5 0 2 18 9 15 shooting technical issues, all Everton ...... 8 4 1 3 16 14 13 while dealing with the pandemic. Her boat reaches 30 knots. At- Crystal Palace .. 8 4 1 3 12 12 13 tanasio has a slower, older-gener- Wolverhampton .8 4 1 3 8 9 13 But the real complication was Man City ...... 7 3 3 1 10 9 12 the skipper in the next room, ation boat that is competitive with Arsenal ...... 8 4 0 4 9 10 12 about half the fleet, though mis- West Ham .....8 3 2 3 14 10 11 Samantha Davies, who is his life Newcastle .....8 3 2 3 10 13 11 haps and sea conditions can make Man United ....7 3 1 3 12 14 10 partner, the mother of their 9- Leeds...... 8 3 1 4 14 17 10 year-old son, Ruben, and for this for unlikely gains. Brighton ...... 8 1 3 4 11 14 6 Still, he knows his place. Fulham ...... 8 1 1 6 7 15 4 race, a competitor. An accom- West Brom ....8 0 3 5 6 17 3 plished British ocean sailor, Da- “I’m sure she can win the race,” Burnley ...... 7 0 2 5 3 12 2 he said. He added in a lowered Sheffield United . 8 0 1 7 4 14 1 vies was among the 33 sailors on Sunday, Nov. 8 the starting line Sunday, too. voice, “She doesn’t like when I say West Brom 0, Tottenham 1 this because it puts too much pres- Leicester 1, Wolverhampton 0 They are the first couple to race Man City 1, Liverpool 1 sure.” Arsenal 0, Aston Villa 3 in the Vendée Globe, which covers In France, Davies and Attana- Saturday, Nov. 21 24,000 nautical miles over nearly Newcastle vs. Chelsea four months and is run every four sio are considered a power couple. Aston Villa vs. Brighton They met in 2003 during their first Burnley vs. Crystal Palace years, starting and ending in the Fulham vs. Everton Vendée area of France. foray in the Solitaire du Figaro, a Liverpool vs. Leicester cutthroat solo racing circuit on the Man United vs. West Brom In a phone interview from Les Wolverhampton vs. Southampton west coast of France that feeds the YANN RIOU/POLARYSE Tottenham vs. Man City Sables-d’Olonne, France, the best skippers into events like the Davies training off Lorient, France. She is one of the favorites in the around-the-world race. rough edge of the North Atlantic BASEBALL Vendée Globe. where the race starts, Attanasio “I worked for six months to at- MANAGER OF THE YEAR VOTING likened the two of them racing to boats built for the race. Her expe- tere, said that at the team they first major transition in the race tract her. It was a big job,” Attana- any working couple seeking a bal- rience gives her a shot to be the kept their relationship all busi- where the Northern and Southern As selected by the Baseball Writers’ sio said. Association of America. Tabulated on a ance with the division of labor at first woman, and the first non- ness. Hemisphere’s weather systems 5-3-1 basis. Though Attanasio was already home. French sailor, to win. “They give their opinion,’’ she converge to produce light and un- AMERICAN LEAGUE part of the French solo sailing 1st 2nd 3rd Tot “It’s like in traditional family “Sam is into pacing herself,” said. “They are part of the team. predictable winds. Kevin Cash, Rays 22 5 1 126 scene when Davies arrived, Da- fishing,” Attanasio said. “The hus- said Charlie Dalin, a Frenchman The only thing we notice is hear- Davies and Attanasio know Ri.Renteria, White Sox 5 9 9 61 vies had the richer background in C.Montoyo, Blue Jays 2 10 7 47 band goes fishing and the wife in the race for the first time and a ing them talk on weekends, ‘Do they will be worrying about each Bob Melvin, Athletics 1 3 8 22 the sport. She grew up on a sail- sells the fish. The work goes well favorite with a newly designed you stay with Ruben, or do I stay other. A.J. Hinch, Astros 1 1 4 12 boat and her grandfather was a Rocco Baldelli, Twins - 3 4 13 because the two work together, boat. “She often catches up. For with Ruben?’” “Four years ago, I call home and Dusty Baker, Astros - - 1 1 submariner. She wears his St. like when Sam is sailing and I am me, pacing is a big unknown. Like Davies inspired her partner to have news to talk with Sam and NATIONAL LEAGUE Christopher medal while at sea for 1st 2nd 3rd Tot with Ruben.’’ a half-marathoner. First time he do the 2016 race. “She was a very my son,” Attanasio said. “It will be Don Mattingly, Marlins 20 8 - 124 good luck. goes for a marathon, he has a good help,” Attanasio said of the different. Harder. Sam will receive Jayce Tingler, Padres 6 13 2 71 Said Davies: “For both of us, it’s Attanasio’s heritage is in the David Ross, Cubs 1 2 14 45 our dream. We used to take turns, question about pace. She’s been last campaign. “Sam is very good more news from her parents so Brian Snitker, Braves 1 2 5 16 mountains of Savoie. “I made my Dave Roberts, Dodgers 1 2 2 13 around the world before. She with computers and with auto- she will share with me. We will but as Ruben gets older, we are grandfather cry,” he said, “be- Mike Shildt, Cardinals - 3 1 10 sharing a lot more of our experi- should do something better than pilots. She also managed all my communicate almost every day Craig Counsell, Brewers 1 - 1 6 cause I prefer the sea to the moun- Gabe Kapler, Giants - - 3 3 ences.” tains.” her boat’s performance. She could communications. She took every- on email. You can come back to it David Bell, Reds - - 2 2 be there.” thing and put it on Facebook. and reread when you’re calm, like This took a lot more calibration. Having finished fourth in her TENNIS Davies and Attanasio arrived first attempt in the 2008 race, Da- Every winner of the Vendée When I’d send a good movie, she’d a special letter from 20 years ago.” together in Les Sables-d’Olonne vies had the heartbreak of a bro- Globe since 2000 has come from call all the journalists in France to On paper, Davies will land back SOFIA OPEN the ranks of Pole Finistere Course say, ‘Can you please put up this in France to see Ruben sooner late Thursday after dropping ken mast shortly after the start of At Arena Armeec Sofia Ruben off at school. Davies’s par- the 2012 Vendée. Though she was Au Large, an elite, invitation-only movie?’” than Attanasio. And she’s at peace Sofia, Bulgaria Men’s Singles ents are now taking care of her a star in France, it was her role as cooperative that focuses on solo Last year, when Attanasio was with their decision to both race in Round of 32 son, as they have whenever the leader of an all-female team in the ocean sailing performance. There looking for a team, Davies told At- this year’s Vendée Globe. Gilles Simon, France, d. Andrej Martin, Slovakia, 6-2, 6-2. Richard Gasquet, pair leaves for a race. 2014-15 Volvo Ocean Race that ce- are eight sailors in the race from tanasio he needed to find someone “Our son loves what we do. He’s France, d. Roberto Carballes Baena, Spain, This time, however, “there’s no mented her status as one of the the team. Only Alex Thomson, a who did what she did, because she not jealous of our boat,” Davies 6-3, 6-4. Jannik Sinner, Italy, d. Marton Fucsovics, Hungary, 6-2, 6-4. one to help with the details,” At- top female ocean racers in the British sailor who finished second was sailing. “I didn’t realize all the said. “Not every family or mum Men’s Singles in the last Vendée with a broken Round of 16 tanasio said. “Normally you can world. work she did for me,” he said. can do this. It’s like in the military Radu Albot, Moldova, d. Denis Shapovalov just grab your sea bag and head With a new sponsor, Initiatives- boat and is now in his fifth Vendée After Sunday’s sunny start, the or navy when parents leave for a (1), Canada, 6-2, 6-4. Vasek Pospisil, Canada, d. Jan-Lennard Struff (4), off to the race while the husband Coeur, Davies, one of six women in , is considered a true threat to that fleet was in fresh winds at high long time. He knows nothing dif- Germany, 6-3, 6-4. or wife takes care of everything, the race, has modified an older- streak. speeds, with the newer boats pre- ferent. He knows we love him LINZ OPEN but one of us has to deal with the generation boat with sharp hydro- Jeanne Gregoire, Davies and dictably outpacing the others on when we leave him with my par- At Intersport Arena Linz rental house.” foils to keep up with the eight new Attanasio’s coach at Pole Finis- their way to the doldrums, the ents.” Linz, Austria Women’s Singles Round of 32 Arantxa Rus, Netherlands, d. Tamara Zidansek, Slovenia, 6-4, 6-4. Jana Fett, COLLEGE FOOTBALL Croatia, d. Tereza Martincova, Czech Republic, 6-2, 3-1, ret. Camila Giorgi, Italy, d. Sara Sorribes Tormo, Spain, 6-3, 5-7, 6-4. Sorana Cirstea, Romania, d. Julia Grabher, Austria, 2-3, ret. Barbora Krejcikova, Czech Republic, d. Harmony Tan, France, 6-3, 5-7, 6-2. Stefanie Virus Forces SEC to Postpone 2 More Games, Including Alabama at L.S.U. Voegele, Switzerland, d. Viktoria Kuzmova, Slovakia, 7-6 (3), 6-3. Vera Zvonareva, Russia, d. Marta Kostyuk, Ukraine, 6-4, 6-2. By ALAN BLINDER Louisiana State. son could be derailed one week at considered. Only Texas A&M pub- false positive.) Aryna Sabalenka (1), Belarus, d. Jasmine Paolini, Italy, 6-4, 6-4. The Southeastern Conference, No. 5 Texas A&M’s game at Ten- a time. licly detailed the scope of its virus But those first postponements a domineering juggernaut of col- nessee was also postponed, one “While it is unfortunate to have troubles, with its athletic director, are reshaping the schedule now. TRANSACTIONS lege football, said on Tuesday that day after the SEC delayed No. 24 multiple postponements in the Ross Bjork, saying there were L.S.U.’s October game at Florida N.F.L. the coronavirus pandemic had Auburn’s trip to Mississippi State. same week, we began the season “three active cases within our was among those rescheduled to forced it to postpone two more Taken together alongside the with the understanding interrup- football program.” Dec. 12, which has been the land- BALTIMORE RAVENS — Signed CB tions to the schedule were possi- “First and foremost is the ing spot for delayed SEC games, Tramon Williams. Placed DB Khalil Dorsey games this weekend, including swell of virus cases around the on injured reserve. Signed OT R.J. Prince the annual matchup between Ala- country, the postponements were ble and we have remained focused health and safety of our players in after Florida had an outbreak in and DB Nate Brooks to the practice throughout the season on the our football program,” Jimbo its football program. squad. bama, which is ranked No. 1, and piercing reminders that the sea- CAROLINA PANTHERS — Designated S health of everyone around our Fisher, Texas A&M’s coach, said in With L.S.U. now in need of a Juston Burris to return from injured reserve. programs,” Greg Sankey, the a statement. “I would never jeop- date to play Alabama, a matchup Activated RB Reggie Bonnafon from the practice squad injured reserve. Signed DT league’s commissioner, said in a ardize their well-being.” that has long drawn enormous Woodrow Hamilton to the practice squad. Released K Taylor Bertolet and DT Mike statement. The SEC began a conference- television ratings and, last year, Panasiuk. “We must remain vigilant, only schedule on Sept. 26, and for even President Trump, the op- DALLAS COWBOYS — Activated CB Chidobe Awuzie from injured reserve. within our programs and in our the first several weeks, it navi- tions are scarce. In its statement DETROIT LIONS — Activated DB Jalen communities, to prevent the gated the pandemic without sub- on Tuesday, the conference said Elliott from the practice squad/COVID-19 list. Released TE Khari Lee. spread of the virus and to manage stantial interruptions. The first the rescheduling of the Tigers’ JACKSONVILLE JAGUARS — Signed K activities that contribute to these significant troubles emerged in game with Alabama would “need Chase McLaughlin to the active roster. Placed K Chase McLaughlin on the interruptions,” he said. mid-October, when the league to be evaluated.” In the very next exempt/commissioner permission list. Connecticut Help Wanted 2600 Florida Officials said the games were postponed two games and Nick sentence, the league said its re- MINNESOTA VIKINGS — Activated LB Houses for Sale 1805 Cardiologist needed at Wyckoff Todd Davis from the reserve/COVID-19 list. Heights Medical Center, in Brooklyn postponed because positive tests Saban, Alabama’s coach, tested scheduling strategy “may in- Waived LB Ben Gedeon. Placed CB Holton Danbury FLORIDA Hill and LS Austin Cutting on the reserve/ FL Keys 2 Story New Home 4/3.5, 6+ NY Shortage Area. E-mail CV to for the virus and contact tracing positive for the virus and nearly clude” Dec. 19 — for now, the date Merson's Pond months Furnish $7,800 unfurnish $6,300 [email protected] COVID-19 list. 19.4 acs w/6 ac pond. Subdividable. 1 [email protected] Call 305-389-6022 Experienced Neurosurgeon needed for rules had left L.S.U., Mississippi missed the Crimson Tide’s game of the conference championship NEW ENGLAND PATRIOTS — Claimed TE mile to I84 / 75 minutes to NYC $4.750M Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY. Jordan Thomas off waivers from Arizona. Broker Protected 203 - 994 - 6031 Board Certified/Board Eligible. Send State and Texas A&M short- against Georgia. (Saban’s test re- game in Atlanta. Placed TE Dalton Keene on injured reserve. [email protected] CV : [email protected] handed once other injuries were sult was ultimately shown to be a It did not elaborate. JETS — Waived QB Mike White. THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N B11

SOCCER Top English Official Quits; Voiced Stereotypes By TARIQ PANJA term ‘people of color.’” tion’s website. “This has crystal- of the F.A., there’s a lot more South LONDON — By the time Eng- “Sometimes, I trip over my lized my resolve to move on.” Asians than there are Afro-Carib- land’s top soccer official apolo- words, and I apologize,” he added. He added, “I am deeply sad- beans,” he told the lawmakers. gized for referring to Black play- Before the hearing had ended, a dened that I have offended those “They have different career inter- ers as “colored,” it was probably chorus of shock, anger and frus- diverse communities in football ests.” too late. tration on social media over that I and others worked so hard Clarke also seemed to suggest The official, Greg Clarke, had al- Clarke’s testimony had grown to to include.” that homosexuality was a lifestyle choice and then referred to an an- ready told the British parliamen- include prominent commentators Clarke is also Britain’s repre- ecdote he said he had heard from a tary committee on sports about and anti-discrimination cam- sentative on FIFA’s governing council, where he is a vice presi- coach who told him schoolgirls did how South Asians’ filling up the IT paigners. One member of Parlia- dent, and a member of the execu- not like playing goalkeeper be- department of England’s soccer ment labeled the comments “ab- tive committee of UEFA, Euro- cause they “just don’t like having federation qualified as a diversity horrent.” Within hours, Clarke's words had cost him his job. pean soccer’s governing body. It is the ball kicked at them hard.” problem. But even that was only In a statement announcing his expected that he will leave those Clarke, who addressed the com- one part of a disastrous day of posts — willingly or not — too. mittee via a video link, had been fumbling testimony in which he That Clarke has been forced out called to discuss the state of soc- PRU/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE, VIA GETTY IMAGES also called being gay a “life of his job because of offensive cer in the country amid concerns Greg Clarke, chairman of the English Football Association, testi- choice” and explained away a lack Disastrous testimony comments, particularly his lan- about the effect of the coronavirus fying on Tuesday. “Sometimes, I trip over my words,” he said. of female goalkeepers by saying guage around race, was not en- pandemic and plans to overhaul he had been told girls “don’t like before a committee of tirely surprising. He was forced to the professional leagues. the ball kicked at them hard.” issue an apology after an appear- Sanjay Bhandari, the chief ex- terpart in France, Noël Le Graët, that it calls Pursuit of Progress. Then Kevin Brennan, a commit- Parliament on sports. ance before the same committee ecutive of Kick It Out, an organiza- created an outcry there by declar- David Bernstein, a previous tee member, asked Clarke, the in 2017 when he described institu- tion set up to tackle racism in ing racism “did not exist” in F.A. chairman forced from office, chairman of the English Football tionalized racism as “fluff.” But his British soccer, expressed his dis- French soccer. Le Graët remained said he believed Clarke’s com- Association, if he would like to testimony on Tuesday was re- belief and issued a sharp rebuke in his post, but former players and ments were “symptomatic of an withdraw the use of the term “col- resignation later on Tuesday, markable for the breadth of shortly before Clarke announced antiracism campaigners were organization that has just been too ored people,” which he had used Clarke said he had been thinking groups that he managed to offend. he would step down. quick to condemn him. slow to reform.” when discussing representation about leaving his post even before Trying to answer a question “His use of outdated language For the English soccer federa- The Football Association said it in soccer. Clarke, 63, promptly did. Tuesday’s hearing. about diversity in British soccer, to describe Black and Asian peo- tion, Clarke’s departure will sting. had named Peter McCormick, a “If I said it, I deeply apologize “My unacceptable words in Clarke tried to explain that the is- ple as ‘colored’ is from decades The federation has tried in recent lawyer who sits on its board, as for it,” Clarke said, before confus- front of Parliament were a dis- sues were nuanced, but did so us- ago and should remain consigned years to show it has made great the interim chairman while it be- ingly explaining that he had done service to our game and to those ing an outdated stereotype that to the dustbin of history,” Bhan- strides in promoting diversity, and gins the process of finding so because he had worked for who watch, play, referee and ad- has long been viewed as a racist dari said. on Monday it released the latest Clarke’s successor, who will many years in the United States minister it,” he said in comments trope in Britain and beyond. Clarke’s comments came less update on its three-year equality, surely know to speak more care- where “I was required to use the published on the Football Associa- “If you go to the IT department than two months after his coun- diversity and inclusion strategy fully.

Weather Repor t Meteorology by AccuWeather

Record Vancouver 10s0s Metropolitan Forecast 50s highs Regeggina SeattleSeaSeat Winnipinnipegnnipeg TODAY ...... Warm, rain later Quebecc Spookaneo e 30s 10ss 20s2 High 70. Another unseasonably warm day L HalifaxH Portlanand 30s Montreal will unfold thanks to a flow of air. The sky Helena 40s4 BismarckBisma 40s0s will turn cloudier, and rain will arrive as a Eugenne 20s20s OOttawa PortlandPor 70° Billings Fargorgogoo Burlingtonn n cold front approaches. ManchesterM BoiseB 7070s 50s 20s Minneapon polispo St.S Paul TorontoTo o AlbanyAl 770s BostonBos TONIGHT ...... Rain, some heavy 40s440 PierrePie Buffalo 60s0s HartfordHarHa CCasper Milwaukeee Low 60. A cold front moving in slowly will 40s SioSiouxSiououo Falls DDetroit NewN York combine with moisture to bring a rainy Reno 30s 20ss Des Moinesoinesines Clevvelandv Pittsburghurgh Chicagogo PhiladelphiaPhi night. The rain will be heavy at times and Salt Lakeke Omaha 60° Sanan FrancisFFr scossc CheyeCheCheyh yeennenne can cause street flooding. Cityity Indianapopolispop WashingtonWashiashi Denver H 50s H Springfielde 60s0s Richmchmond TOMORROW ...... Cooler, some rain L Charlestonharlestoe FresnoF LLas ColorColoraolorado Topeka NorfolkN KansasK St. LouisLo LouisvilleLou 70s0s High 62. The cold front will move slowly. Normal Vegas Springs CityC Wichita Raleighaleighgh This will make for a cloudy day with rain- highs 40s Los Angeles Santa Fe Nashvhvillehv Charlottete fall. It will be cooler than recent days but 50° Oklahoma City 60s 60s60 Memphis still a little milder than average. SSanan Diego PhoenixPhPho Albuquerquee Columbbia Little Rock BirmBirminghami LubLubbockLubb Atlanta FRIDAY ...... Clouds, sun 70s Tucssons 70s Dallas Jackson The cold front will push to the east, but El Pasoso Ft. Worth 80s low pressure developing along it could Normal JacksonvilleJ produce more rain. Otherwise, the day 40° lows 80s0s MobileMo Honoluluoluluu Batono RoRougeougug will be cool, with clouds and sunshine. San Antonio New OrlandoOr HiloH Hououstonust 70s Orleans Tampaa SATURDAY 80s ETA FSSMTWTFSS 60s SUNDAY ...... Sunny Saturday, cool CorpusC Christi Miami Saturday will be mostly sunny and cooler Nassau TODAY Monterrey as high pressure settles in. High 54. 30° 10s 20s Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time. Sunday will be increasingly cloudy with a Fairbanksnks chance of rain. High 59. TODAY’S HIGHS Forecast <0 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 100+ Actual range 30s AnchorageAnchorhoraghora HL High High Juneauuneaeauea COLDWARM STATIONARY COMPLEX HIGH LOWMOSTLY SHOWERST-STORMS RAIN FLURRIES SNOW ICE Record COLD CLOUDY Low Low 40s FRONTS PRESSURE PRECIPITATION lows

Highlight: Heavy Rain Expected in Mid-Atlantic National Forecast Metropolitan Almanac A potent cold front that A surge of tropical moisture ahead of a In Central Park, for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. brought snow to the push of cooler air will cause drenching 74° Midwest yesterday will rain and gusty thunderstorms from the Temperature 3 p.m. Precipitation (in inches) progress into the Northeast Yesterday ...... 0.00 Snow...... 0.0 upper Gulf Coast to much of the Ap- Record Record ...... 1.70 Since Oct. 1 ...... 0.0 today. Rain will spread Bangor palachians and Eastern Seaboard. The high 74° 70° (2020) across much of New rain may be heavy enough to lead to For the last 30 days England, and heavy rain is Actual ...... 5.39 flooding and travel delays. Normal...... 4.12 anticipated in the Mid-At- MUCH COOLER Boston Over the Gulf of Mexico, Eta will gener- For the last 365 days lantic. Local urban and ally be detached from this moisture for 60° Actual ...... 46.03 flash flooding will be likely Normal Normal...... 49.94 the time being, except around the Florida 60° high 56° in the regions that get Detroit 8 a.m. New York Peninsula, where downpours may be Air pressure Humidity persistent downpours. After enhanced. 50° a very warm start to the Pittsburgh Most areas from the Midwest to the High ...... 30.26 1 a.m. High ...... 80% 2 a.m. Low ...... 30.15 3 p.m. Low ...... 55% 3 p.m. week, cooler air will filter Southwest will have dry, sunny weather Normal low 43° into the Northeast. Washington MOISTURE as snow moves away from Lake Superior. Cincinnati SURGE 40° MON. YESTERDAY Heating Degree Days A storm will spread snow from Idaho and An index of fuel consumption that tracks how PRECIPITATION western Montana to North Dakota. far the day's mean temperature fell below 65 Heaviest Rain Much of the West Coast will be dry Yesterday...... 0 30° So far this month...... 79 Rain ahead of a potent storm that will take aim Record low 25° So far this season (since July 1) ...... 335 at the Northwest to end the week. (2017) Normal to date for the season ...... 452 4 12 6 12 4 p.m. a.m. a.m. p.m. p.m. Trends Temperature Precipitation Little Rock 78/ 50 Tr 65/ 40 S 67/ 45 S New Delhi 85/ 54 0 82/ 57 PC 83/ 55 PC Cities Los Angeles 67/ 48 0 69/ 49 S 67/ 49 PC Riyadh 89/ 67 0 92/ 68 PC 92/ 67 PC Average Average High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 Louisville 77/ 57 0 63/ 41 PC 63/ 44 S Seoul 55/ 31 0 60/ 35 PC 62/ 43 PC Avg. daily departure Avg. daily departure BelowAbove Below Above p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) Memphis 78/ 56 0 63/ 47 PC 68/ 48 S Shanghai 67/ 50 0 67/ 53 PC 71/ 57 PC from normal from normal Last 10 days Miami 86/ 78 0.46 85/ 78 C 84/ 77 C Singapore 84/ 77 0.26 87/ 79 Sh 88/ 79 Sh for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. this month...... +6.4° this year ...... +2.3° 30 days Expected conditions for today and tomorrow. Milwaukee 70/ 36 0 49/ 36 S 54/ 31 S Sydney 77/ 55 0 77/ 66 S 83/ 68 C Mpls.-St. Paul 36/ 24 0.13 41/ 26 S 36/ 18 C Taipei City 73/ 68 0.03 76/ 69 PC 78/ 72 R 90 days C ...... Clouds S ...... Sun Nashville 77/ 63 0.10 66/ 49 C 68/ 46 S Tehran 64/ 51 0.07 66/ 49 PC 58/ 47 R Reservoir levels (New York City water supply) 365 days F ...... Fog Sn ...... Snow New Orleans 79/ 71 Tr 82/ 68 PC 80/ 65 PC Tokyo 61/ 50 0 59/ 47 W 58/ 50 S Norfolk 76/ 66 0 79/ 69 R 73/ 60 R Yesterday ...... 71% Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation H ...... Haze SS ...... Snow showers Europe Yesterday Today Tomorrow I...... Ice T ...... Thunderstorms Oklahoma City 62/ 35 0.09 65/ 41 S 68/ 44 S Est. normal ...... 79% trends compare with those of the last 30 years. Omaha 34/ 26 0.43 51/ 30 S 44/ 20 PC Amsterdam 61/ 47 0.02 56/ 49 C 54/ 44 Sh PC ...... Partly cloudy Tr ...... Trace Athens 70/ 59 0.04 67/ 56 PC 67/ 52 C R ...... Rain W ...... Windy Orlando 85/ 74 0.18 85/ 75 Sh 84/ 72 Sh Philadelphia 73/ 61 0 73/ 63 R 64/ 48 R Berlin 44/ 40 0.01 46/ 41 PC 50/ 41 PC Sh ...... Showers –...... Not available Phoenix 67/ 45 0 70/ 47 S 74/ 49 S Brussels 59/ 49 0.04 57/ 50 PC 55/ 45 Sh Recreational Forecast Budapest 43/ 36 Tr 47/ 37 PC 47/ 37 PC N.Y.C. region Yesterday Today Tomorrow Pittsburgh 75/ 62 0 68/ 43 R 56/ 38 PC Portland, Me. 67/ 53 0 66/ 56 C 58/ 37 C Copenhagen 48/ 45 0 46/ 43 PC 49/ 46 C New York City 74/ 60 0 70/ 60 R 62/ 46 R Portland, Ore. 50/ 41 0.39 51/ 39 PC 48/ 44 R Dublin 54/ 47 0.02 56/ 40 R 52/ 43 W Sun, Moon and Planets Mountain and Ocean Temperatures Bridgeport 67/ 53 0 67/ 59 R 61/ 45 R Providence 73/ 57 0 70/ 61 C 64/ 45 R Edinburgh 54/ 46 0.08 54/ 44 R 49/ 45 C Caldwell 71/ 49 Tr 73/ 62 R 63/ 43 R Raleigh 78/ 67 0 76/ 69 R 76/ 62 R Frankfurt 46/ 38 0 52/ 43 PC 55/ 42 PC New First Quarter Full Last Quarter Danbury 68/ 46 0 70/ 59 R 59/ 41 R Reno 50/ 23 0 46/ 21 S 48/ 32 PC Geneva 50/ 45 0 55/ 43 PC 56/ 41 S Today’s forecast Islip 66/ 53 0 69/ 59 R 61/ 45 R Richmond 77/ 64 0 75/ 68 R 69/ 53 R Helsinki 36/ 31 0 42/ 40 PC 44/ 35 PC Newark 72/ 51 Tr 73/ 62 R 62/ 46 R Rochester 75/ 62 0 68/ 40 R 49/ 34 PC Istanbul 63/ 58 0 62/ 54 PC 62/ 52 PC White Trenton 68/ 48 0 72/ 62 R 63/ 43 R Sacramento 62/ 38 0 60/ 33 PC 61/ 42 PC Kiev 48/ 37 0 40/ 32 PC 39/ 33 S Nov. 14 Nov. 21 Nov. 30 Dec. 7 63/44 Turning cloudy, windy White Plains 68/ 54 0 69/ 58 R 58/ 43 R Salt Lake City 41/ 31 Tr 42/ 25 Sn 45/ 29 PC Lisbon 60/ 50 0 66/ 54 PC 67/ 55 PC 12:07 a.m. 4:30 a.m. Green United States Yesterday Today Tomorrow San Antonio 81/ 56 Tr 82/ 57 S 84/ 63 PC London 57/ 51 0.12 57/ 46 C 54/ 48 PC San Diego 68/ 50 0 68/ 52 S 67/ 54 S Madrid 65/ 41 0 61/ 43 PC 61/ 41 PC 58/38 Afternoon rain, windy Albany 67/ 55 0 69/ 49 R 53/ 34 C Sun RISE 6:39 a.m. Moon R 1:55 a.m. San Francisco 60/ 47 0 59/ 46 C 58/ 48 PC Moscow 37/ 34 0.04 34/ 28 C 36/ 29 C Albuquerque 50/ 29 0 53/ 32 S 58/ 36 PC SET 4:41 p.m. S 2:59 p.m. Adirondacks San Jose 62/ 45 0 60/ 43 C 62/ 45 PC Nice 68/ 55 0 65/ 52 PC 64/ 53 PC Anchorage 32/ 28 0 39/ 33 Sn 36/ 26 SS NEXT R 6:40 a.m. R 3:09 a.m. 63/35 Showers, windy San Juan 82/ 76 1.10 82/ 75 R 85/ 76 Sh Oslo 40/ 35 0 44/ 39 PC 42/ 39 C Atlanta 74/ 69 0.12 80/ 69 R 78/ 59 Sh 50s Seattle 48/ 39 0.18 47/ 40 PC 49/ 42 R Paris 59/ 51 0.16 57/ 50 PC 57/ 47 PC Jupiter R 11:26 a.m. Mars S 3:52 a.m. Atlantic City 70/ 62 0 70/ 64 R 65/ 55 R Berkshires Sioux Falls 33/ 17 0.18 38/ 20 S 33/ 13 Sn Prague 41/ 35 0 42/ 36 PC 44/ 38 PC S 8:50 p.m. R 3:11 p.m. Austin 81/ 51 0 82/ 49 S 85/ 56 S 69/55 Late-day rain, mild Spokane 38/ 26 0.15 34/ 26 C 38/ 30 Sn Rome 66/ 46 0 66/ 53 PC 65/ 52 Sh Baltimore 75/ 61 0 72/ 62 R 64/ 48 R Saturn R 11:41 a.m. Venus R 3:55 a.m. St. Louis 76/ 37 0 55/ 36 S 61/ 38 S St. Petersburg 40/ 30 0 38/ 36 R 42/ 36 C Baton Rouge 82/ 68 0.02 83/ 61 PC 81/ 56 PC S 9:12 p.m. S 3:24 p.m. Catskills St. Thomas 79/ 77 1.93 84/ 76 R 86/ 78 Sh Stockholm 41/ 35 0 42/ 38 PC 42/ 39 PC Birmingham 77/ 70 0 79/ 63 Sh 77/ 54 PC 63/46 Rain, mostly after noon Syracuse 73/ 61 0 70/ 43 R 51/ 35 PC Vienna 45/ 40 0.01 46/ 39 PC 47/ 36 PC Boise 44/ 31 0.07 42/ 22 SS 43/ 32 C Boating Tampa 89/ 76 0.24 86/ 76 R 85/ 74 R Warsaw 46/ 36 0 43/ 37 S 44/ 38 PC Poconos Boston 72/ 58 0 70/ 60 C 61/ 46 R Toledo 76/ 50 0 58/ 31 S 54/ 36 S From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20 Buffalo 73/ 63 0 66/ 40 R 51/ 38 PC North America Yesterday Today Tomorrow 65/49 Rain, mostly after noon Tucson 64/ 38 0 71/ 43 S 75/ 46 S nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New York Burlington 74/ 59 0 68/ 46 Sh 51/ 35 PC Acapulco 86/ 75 0 87/ 74 S 87/ 75 S Tulsa 72/ 35 0.31 64/ 40 S 69/ 43 S Harbor. Southwest Pa. Casper 40/ 24 0 41/ 19 PC 40/ 25 S Virginia Beach 74/ 66 0 76/ 71 R 73/ 61 R Bermuda 76/ 70 0 76/ 71 PC 76/ 70 PC 65/46 Rain, areas of fog Charlotte 76/ 68 0 77/ 70 R 77/ 65 Sh Washington 75/ 64 0 72/ 65 R 66/ 50 R Edmonton 32/ 26 0.07 10/ -1 S 24/ 9 PC Wind will be from the south at 10-20 knots. Waves will be Chattanooga 76/ 68 0 78/ 62 R 75/ 52 C Wichita 52/ 32 0.08 58/ 36 S 61/ 32 S Guadalajara 85/ 51 0 85/ 52 S 84/ 53 PC 1 foot or less on New York Harbor, 1-2 feet on Long Island 60s Chicago 74/ 35 0 49/ 33 S 55/ 33 S Havana 84/ 74 0.18 82/ 73 Sh 84/ 72 T Sound and 2-4 feet on the ocean. Visibility will lower in Wilmington, Del. 73/ 60 0 73/ 63 R 64/ 47 R West Virginia Cincinnati 74/ 56 0 62/ 39 PC 59/ 41 S Kingston 89/ 76 0.05 86/ 77 T 86/ 76 T late-day and nighttime rain. Cleveland 75/ 61 0 63/ 41 PC 53/ 40 S Africa Yesterday Today Tomorrow Martinique 86/ 75 0.31 85/ 76 Sh 85/ 75 Sh 65/54 Mild with heavy rain Colorado Springs 47/ 22 Tr 48/ 24 S 46/ 25 S Algiers 70/ 59 0.04 73/ 52 PC 78/ 57 C Mexico City 79/ 50 0 78/ 50 PC 78/ 50 PC High Tides Columbus 75/ 61 0 64/ 38 PC 58/ 37 S Cairo 79/ 63 0 77/ 60 PC 77/ 61 PC Monterrey 89/ 62 0 82/ 64 PC 81/ 66 PC Color bands Concord, N.H. 71/ 52 0 71/ 57 C 58/ 34 R Cape Town 68/ 52 0 77/ 56 S 87/ 60 PC Montreal 70/ 47 0 66/ 41 R 50/ 34 PC Atlantic City ...... 3:35 a.m...... 3:47 p.m. Blue Ridge indicate water Dallas-Ft. Worth 73/ 43 0 72/ 49 S 77/ 56 PC Dakar 91/ 68 0 89/ 79 PC 92/ 78 PC Nassau 84/ 77 0.21 84/ 77 Sh 85/ 76 PC Barnegat Inlet ...... 3:48 a.m...... 4:02 p.m. 69/61 Mild with heavy rain temperature. Denver 46/ 24 0 47/ 24 S 48/ 27 S Johannesburg 68/ 59 0.65 72/ 57 T 72/ 55 T Panama City 84/ 73 0.07 84/ 74 Sh 84/ 75 T The Battery ...... 4:21 a.m...... 4:31 p.m. Des Moines 47/ 27 0.64 51/ 31 S 52/ 24 S Nairobi 79/ 61 0.10 76/ 61 T 78/ 60 PC Quebec City 64/ 41 0 64/ 39 Sh 47/ 29 PC Beach Haven ...... 5:09 a.m...... 5:23 p.m. Detroit 73/ 49 0 56/ 32 S 52/ 38 S Tunis 77/ 55 0 74/ 57 PC 75/ 56 S Santo Domingo 86/ 73 0.41 83/ 72 R 84/ 71 C Bridgeport ...... 7:20 a.m...... 7:46 p.m. El Paso 60/ 37 0 67/ 42 S 72/ 47 PC Toronto 69/ 52 0 63/ 36 PC 50/ 37 S City Island ...... 7:17 a.m...... 7:42 p.m. Rain will spread across most of the region Fargo 33/ 19 0 42/ 20 PC 30/ 13 PC Asia/Pacific Yesterday Today Tomorrow Vancouver 43/ 38 0.08 43/ 37 PC 44/ 40 R Fire Island Lt...... 4:37 a.m...... 4:51 p.m. during the day and will continue in many Hartford 68/ 58 0 71/ 60 R 61/ 43 R Baghdad 80/ 61 0 78/ 57 Sh 77/ 56 PC Winnipeg 28/ 10 0.02 30/ 18 PC 25/ 8 C Honolulu 86/ 75 0.02 85/ 75 W 85/ 74 W Bangkok 88/ 73 0 84/ 72 PC 81/ 73 C Montauk Point ...... 5:10 a.m...... 5:30 p.m. areas into or through the night. The rain Houston 83/ 63 0 83/ 54 PC 82/ 59 S Beijing 65/ 32 0 60/ 37 PC 68/ 35 PC South America Yesterday Today Tomorrow Northport ...... 7:30 a.m...... 8:00 p.m. Indianapolis 73/ 44 0.03 55/ 34 PC 58/ 39 S Damascus 71/ 46 0 70/ 50 PC 70/ 50 PC Buenos Aires 73/ 65 0 73/ 65 S 74/ 66 S Port Washington ...... 7:29 a.m...... 8:06 p.m. will be heavy at times, especially in the Jackson 79/ 66 0.01 77/ 57 PC 73/ 52 S Hong Kong 77/ 71 0 79/ 68 S 80/ 70 PC Caracas 89/ 75 0.34 87/ 74 T 87/ 75 T Sandy Hook ...... 3:51 a.m...... 4:05 p.m. Blue Ridge Mountains of West Virginia, Jacksonville 80/ 74 0.38 84/ 73 PC 82/ 72 T Jakarta 91/ 77 0.03 92/ 78 PC 92/ 78 Sh Lima 69/ 60 0 68/ 60 PC 68/ 60 PC Shinnecock Inlet ...... 3:41 a.m...... 4:01 p.m. the Laurel Mountains and the Poconos. Kansas City 51/ 31 0.66 56/ 35 S 58/ 28 S Jerusalem 67/ 56 0.05 67/ 56 PC 68/ 55 S Quito 68/ 42 0 67/ 52 Sh 67/ 52 R Stamford ...... 7:18 a.m...... 7:49 p.m. Key West 84/ 79 0.52 83/ 78 R 83/ 78 R Karachi 91/ 63 0 94/ 69 PC 93/ 64 PC Recife 86/ 79 0.02 85/ 78 PC 86/ 78 PC Tarrytown ...... 6:10 a.m...... 6:20 p.m. Fog combining with the rain will restrict Las Vegas 58/ 37 0 60/ 44 PC 64/ 46 S Manila 84/ 77 0.26 87/ 77 T 84/ 79 R Rio de Janeiro 77/ 73 0.08 82/ 74 T 80/ 73 Sh Willets Point ...... 7:21 a.m...... 7:45 p.m. Lexington 75/ 62 0 63/ 43 Sh 61/ 42 PC Mumbai 93/ 74 0 93/ 73 PC 92/ 76 PC Santiago 81/ 52 0 82/ 50 S 81/ 49 S visibility and slow travel. B12 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 3 THEATER REVIEW 5 BOOK REVIEW A smarty-pants musical on An anthology of the Iraq war. BY ALEXIS SOLOSKI persistence, from the 4 ART Framing America as inclusive colonial era to the and diverse. BY ZACHARY SMALL present. BY PARUL SEHGAL

NEWS CRITICISM WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 C1

The microgenre hyperpop — fueled by teenage upstarts — has a modest but dedicated following, and many different kinds of sounds.

JUSTIN T. GELLERSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES A Tiny Spotify Playlist Blooms

The 15-year-old artist By BEN DANDRIDGE-LEMCO wells, a vocalist and producer from Hamil- tweet and took some action, bad idea.” perpop playlist as guest curators, drawing ton, Ontario, in a video chat there. Unable to Since then, Spotify users have streamed from the community of artists that had been osquinn, who has also One night this February, osquinn got into an focus on her homework, osquinn quickly re- “Bad Idea” over a million times, an impres- developing on Discord and SoundCloud, recorded as P4rkr, saw her argument on Twitter and decided to make a corded a song over the beat that night. A few sive feat for any independent artist on the where Les said she found most of the music song “Bad Idea” take off on song about it. From her bedroom in the sub- days later, she released it on SoundCloud platform, let alone one who’s too young to she added. A month before their Hyperpop Spotify’s Hyperpop playlist, urbs of Northern Virginia, the 15-year-old and then uploaded it to streaming services drive. Much of the song’s success can be takeover, she tweeted out high praise for os- and then beyond. logged onto a server on the text, voice and through the independent distribution serv- traced to a playlist on the streaming service quinn’s song: “so mad I didn’t write bad video chat app Discord, where around 50 of ice DistroKid. called Hyperpop, and a co-sign from 100 idea.” her internet friends, all young artists like Clocking in at just over a minute, “Bad gecs, the experimental electronic duo of “I think hyperpop has evolved to be a herself, usually spent their nights playing Idea” is a cascade of pitched-up vocals and Laura Les and Dylan Brady, whose 2019 al- flexible enough term that I’m not as hesi- video games and making music together. abrasive synths, with osquinn singing in an bum, “1000 gecs,” crossed genres and on- tant anymore to rep it at an arm’s length,” In a recent interview, she explained how unaffected tone, “I’m still trapped and I line references at warp speed. Les said in a phone interview. “It seems like she heard a glitchy beat by blackwinter- can’t work, I’m too distracted/Saw your In July, Les and Brady took over the Hy- CONTINUED ON PAGE C7

GIA KOURLAS CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK Queens, Kings and Sexism A Time Right A new Netflix series captures the By DYLAN LOEB McCLAIN struggles of women in the game of chess. Judit Polgar might be the one woman in the For Dancing world who knows how Beth, the heroine of the hit Netflix series “The Queen’s Gambit,” really feels. Like Beth, Polgar, who is from In the Streets Hungary, stood out during her career because she regularly beat the world’s top players, including Garry Kasparov in 2002, AS SOON AS I LANDED on the sidewalk in when he was ranked No. 1. Brooklyn after running across the Polgar, the only woman to ever be ranked Williamsburg Bridge on Saturday morning, in the Top 10 or to play for the overall world I knew what had happened. But it wasn’t championship, retired from competitive because of what I instantly heard: a chess in 2014. Watching the series, which symphony of honks and cheers. It was be- she described as an “incredible perform- cause of what I saw. Dancing. Everyone ance,” gave her a sense of déjà vu, particu- was dancing. larly in the later episodes. In celebration of the victory of Joseph R. But there was one respect in which she Biden Jr., New York City — and so many could not identify with Beth’s experience: other cities across the country — found its how the male competitors treated her. groove. From that shimmering, unseason- “They were too nice to her,” Polgar said. ably warm morning until well after dark, When she was proving herself and rising in cars became boomboxes. Line dances the world rankings, Polgar said the men of- sprouted up from nowhere. There were du- ten made disparaging comments about her ets between strangers. Drivers, catching a

NETFLIX ability and sometimes jokes, which they bystander’s eye, turned up the music to en- thought were funny but were actually hurt- In “The Queen’s Gambit,” Shapkin (Vlad Chiriac) gallantly courage a moment of free-spirited improvi- ful. concedes defeat to Beth (Anya Taylor-Joy). sation. (It was a window down kind of day.) And no one ever resigned to her as Shap- GRANT HINDSLEY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES The past few years have been exhaust- kin did to Beth in Episode 7 by gallantly Nadine Gibson in Seattle after the Biden ing. And when you factor in the past eight holding her hand near his lips. victory. “It’s good to feel this way after months of coronavirus lockdown, street CONTINUED ON PAGE C5 four long years,” she said. CONTINUED ON PAGE C4 C2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

PHOTOGRAPHS BY GORDON WELTERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES A Painter’s New Rule: ‘Never Answer a Critic’

The German artist Neo Rauch that Mr. Rauch was responsible for the re- surgent popularity of painting in the early looks to put a high-profile 2000s and argued that he “opened the door public dispute behind him. for many artists of his generation.” He lauded the artist’s paintings for their time- By THOMAS ROGERS less quality and compared them to the movie “Tenet” because of the way they depict LEIPZIG, GERMANY — Last spring, the Ger- “the past, the present and the future simul- man newspaper Die Zeit received a surpris- taneously.” ing piece of reader mail, from Neo Rauch, But Mr. Ullrich argued that the insular one of Germany’s best-known artists. It and anachronistic nature of Mr. Rauch’s wasn’t a letter, but a photograph of a large work also makes it politically fraught. His painting he had produced in response to a paintings imagine “an alternative world,” recent article. the art historian wrote in Die Zeit, in which The article, by the art historian Wolfgang the artist’s “unfulfilled longing” for a differ- Ullrich, argued that Mr. Rauch was contrib- ent kind of society is satisfied. uting to a rightward tilt in the country’s art Other critics have reacted skeptically to scene, and pointed to public statements Mr. Mr. Ullrich’s arguments. Rose-Maria Rauch had made criticizing political cor- Gropp, an editor at the Frankfurter Allge- rectness and railing against activists’ “Tal- meine Zeitung newspaper who has followed ibanization” of daily life. Mr. Rauch’s career closely, said it was These positions are also reflected in his “problematic” for a critic to “equate an art- art, Mr. Ullrich wrote, adding that the surre- ist’s work with the things he has said in pub- al worlds the artist creates are refuges from lic.” This can lead to unjustified interpreta- “a contemporary society he hates” and from tions, she said, in which ideas are projected an art world that is increasingly fascinated onto an artwork rather than discovered with social justice, postmodernism and within. postcolonialism. Mr. Rauch reacted so strongly, she added, Mr. Rauch’s painting in response showed because he is “sensitive to criticism.” a man whom many presumed to be Mr. Ull- Mr. Ullrich, whose book about the dispute rich defecating into a chamber pot and is “Becoming a Boogeyman,” said the paint- painting with excrement. The figure the VIA GALERIE EIGEN + ART, LEIPZIG AND BERLIN/ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY (ARS), NEW YORK ing that Mr. Rauch produced in response to man paints has its arm outstretched in an his article represented “the first prominent apparent Hitler salute, and the painting is Top, Neo Rauch in his studio with everyday realities. his grandparents after his parents were example of a new right-wing form of art” be- called, “Der Anbräuner,” a term once used in Leipzig, Germany. Above, In other interviews, however, Mr. Rauch killed in a train accident when he was a few cause it turned a left-wing critic into a repel- to designate a person who maliciously ac- the scene at a recent show of has spoken more openly about politics. In weeks old. After completing mandatory lent figure. cuses someone of being a Nazi. his work at the gallery Eigen 2018, he told journalists from the newspa- military service, he attended Leipzig’s He also pointed out that a few weeks after When Die Zeit published the photo, its + Art in Germany. Below, per Handelsblatt that political correctness Academy of Fine Arts, where he studied un- crudeness set off both a media furor and a Wolfgang Ullrich, the art Die Zeit published Mr. Rauch’s response, was restricting free speech and that it re- der Arno Rink, an influential East German the painting was sold at a charity event for debate about Mr. Rauch’s political beliefs — historian whose essay minded him of the authoritarian system in painter. a discussion that resurfaced with the open- prompted an angry reaction 750,000 euros, about $880,000, to Christoph the former East Germany, where he grew After the fall of the Berlin Wall, he had his Gröner, a conservative real-estate developing of an exhibition of new work by Mr. from Mr. Rauch. Mr. Ullrich up. first solo show at Eigen + Art, in 1993. His Rauch at Eigen + Art, the Leipzig gallery went on to publish a book er, whom Mr. Ullrich called a “Trump-like” Mr. Rauch reiterated in person that he be- international breakthrough came in 1995, figure. that represents him, and the publication in about the dispute. lieved “cancel culture, and the phenomena when the gallerist Judy Lybke exhibited September of a book by Mr. Ullrich about Mr. Gröner has recently said that he that come with it, should concern us all” and one of his works at the Armory Show in New planned to start a foundation to take on “un- the dispute. that he was perturbed by the way people York. The fair favored video art and photog- The exhibition, which was set to run truths” about subjects like carbon emis- were pigeonholed as right-wing if they dis- raphy at the time, and Mr. Rauch’s work sions and immigration. Through a spokes- through Dec. 12 but is currently closed be- agreed. “There is a polarization taking stood out as one of few examples of figura- cause of Germany’s new coronavirus lock- woman, he said that he “categorically replace,” he said. tive painting. jects” claims that the purchase was a politi- down, opened as the highest-profile display He emphasized that his views were Eventually, a buzzy new term, the New of Mr. Rauch’s work since the incident. Mr. cal statement, and that it was to benefit rooted in his experiences in East Germany, Leipzig School, was coined to describe a charity. Rauch, 60, is known internationally for a one-party state with an omnipresent do- broad range of artists from that city, includ- paintings that blend elements of Pop Art, Mr. Rauch said that he sold the painting, mestic spying apparatus. “You will not get ing Mr. Rauch, attracting the attention of cu- which was auctioned at a gala for a chil- Surrealism and Social Realism. (A widely put in the gulag” for dissent in today’s Ger- rators and collectors. Two years after the anticipated exhibition of his early work was dren’s hospice, because he wanted some many, he said, but added, “I am once again artist’s show at the Met, Brad Pitt pur- good to come out of the dispute. He also said scheduled for this summer at Leipzig’s Mu- encountering this stilted way of talking, like chased one of his paintings for 1 million the episode had been a learning experience seum of Fine Arts, but Mr. Rauch called it off walking around on tiptoes.” Swiss francs, about $970,000 at the time. for him, and pointed to a sign that he had in spring, saying that his works would be Born in Leipzig, Mr. Rauch was raised by In a telephone interview, Mr. Lybke said overwhelmed in the museum’s busy gal- since affixed to his studio door: “Never an- leries.) swer a critic.” The new show consists of 16 paintings, ‘Cancel culture, and the “I did it once, and I will not do it again,” he largely in keeping with the style of previous said. work by Mr. Rauch, who in 2007 became the phenomena that come Nevertheless, he said that his personal first living German artist to receive a solo with it, should concern preoccupations do sometimes surface in his show in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in us all.’ paintings in ways that he does not fully real- Manhattan and is one of the most expensive ize until they are finished. One recurring living German artists at auction. Many of NEO RAUCH motif of his new exhibition, for instance, is the paintings feature dreamlike groupings spinning tops, which he said represented a of figures in garish colors, assembled into desire to find “balance” in his political posi- horrific or comic scenes — a woman caress- tions. ing a monstrous lizard, a man holding an un- In one of the show’s largest and most conscious mermaid — against an industrial striking paintings, “Die Wurzel” (“The backdrop reminiscent of the area of north- Root”), two acrobats balance on one of the eastern Germany around Leipzig. oversized toys while in the foreground a de- In an interview in his studio in a former monic-looking man with a tail holds up a cotton mill, Mr. Rauch, took two shots of bullhorn, as if speaking at a rally or protest. vodka and said that he had little interest in Mr. Rauch said he had realized that the fig- discussing the offending article. ure at the front represented “the kind of irri- “It is so absurd,” he said, explaining that tating person we increasingly encounter in he sees himself as “the last exponent of the the media, who hopelessly see themselves social center,” not a right-wing figure. He as being on the correct side of the political said that he had been angered by Mr. Ull- trench.” rich’s attempt to politicize his art, which he “The man with the megaphone,” he said, insisted was personal and unconcerned “is not my friend.” THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N C3

ALEXIS SOLOSKI THEATER REVIEW ZACHARY WOOLFE CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK Taking In a Concert While Walking a City Would distractions kill Monday evening I set out on a jog toward Prospect Park, glancing a mood or add depth? down at the screen when I could to see Mr. Aimard grow sweatier over the hourlong program. PIERRE-LAURENT AIMARD, the French pianist, was staring up at (Don’t try this at home; I had the beautiful blue sky on Tuesday some close calls with cars.) morning and playing the solemn The program felt, in these sur- strains of a Beethoven sonata. roundings, appropriately noctur- Staring up out of my phone, that nal, the park’s forested paths a is. I had put it down flat on a mirror of the moody depths and gnarled tree root while I fished out wary, milky, moonlit glints of Mes- a plastic bag with which to man- siaen’s “L’Alouette Lulu” (“The age my dog’s unmentionables. Woodlark”), from his “Catalogue There have been times in my re- d’Oiseaux” (“Catalog of Birds”). viewing career when I felt like I From the beginning, Mr. Aimard’s was handling refuse, but never playing was a study in reverbera- had the sensation been so literal. tion; it was perceptible even through slipping headphones how The proximity of Mr. Aimard’s the music expanded in space and lucid, passionate virtuosity to the time. I only regret that, just as he waste of my toy poodle, Gus, came moved from “L’Alouette Lulu” into about because of an experiment. I the first bars of Beethoven’s wanted to try, for the first time IMAGES VIA BROADWAYHD “Moonlight” Sonata, I acciden- since the coronavirus pandemic tally turned off my phone. largely closed down live performing arts worldwide, to review a Despite that unwelcome pause, concert taken in the way I have Mr. Aimard’s point was clear: The Comedy Ends With a Bang most music since March: while Messiaen’s forlorn yet slyly confi- running in Prospect Park in dent sounds were Beethoven’s, A musical satire looks at a Brooklyn, ducking into the bodega too. The transitions were crucial Who’s Your Baghdaddy, for milk, walking Gus, living life. in this presentation; I think that by paying close attention to those, conflict’s bureaucratic fumbles or How I Started the Iraq War Would earbuds convey a musi- I experienced much of what Mr. Available on demand at cian’s subtle intentions? Would and spy games gone wrong. Aimard wanted me to, even if I curveballcreative.com.au and on distractions — cars, texts, phone lost other aspects of the perform- BroadwayHD. Running time: calls — allow me to follow a sus- ance while trying to keep a half- WOULD IT COMFORT YOU, in this moment of 1 hour 50 minutes. tained train of artistic thought? way decent running pace. an unconceded election and unprecedented Could a performer and I still enter The roiling, abrupt ending of legal challenges, to know that an earlier re- basement meetup has been seamlessly re- into the kind of implied dialogue the “Moonlight” led, without gime did some wildly irresponsible stuff, imagined as a Zoom conference.) Flash- out of which criticism arises? pause, to the dark, wet sounds — too? And would you like various C.I.A. backs — and some fudging of timelines and Yes? Well, sort of. I consumed like the autumn leaves I was agents to sing about it? Then consider a personnel — track Curveball’s arrival and Mr. Aimard’s recital, which was crushing underfoot — of another ticket to “Who’s Your Baghdaddy, or How I the rolling snowball of terrible choices that presented by the Gilmore, an emi- section from Messiaen’s Started the Iraq War,” a smarty pants musi- afforded him credibility. nent keyboard festival based in “Oiseaux,” “La Chouette Hulotte” cal satire with an excruciating title and a There’s a fierce if occasionally goofy in- Kalamazoo, Mich., as a series of (“The Tawny Owl”). The ferocious mostly true story based on what The telligence animating the piece, which fo- episodes, as fragments rather ending of Beethoven’s “Appas- Guardian once called “one of the greatest cuses on five main characters, Martin than a cohesive entity. So much — sionata” Sonata was immediately confidence tricks in the history of modern (Doug Hansell), a weapons inspector; indeed, almost everything — was followed by the similarly pound- intelligence.” Richart (Matthew Predny), a BND detec- lost in terms of my focus. But Mr. ing opening chords of Stock- “Baghdaddy” began at the DC Fringe tive; Nelson (Philip Lowe), a C.I.A. higher Aimard’s overarching agenda, hausen’s “Klavierstück IX.” Festival, then went on to a couple of Off up; and Berry (Laura Murphy) and Jerry connecting Beethoven’s music, in I had saved the “Appassionata” Broadway runs in 2015 and 2017. A show (Adam Rennie), two of his analysts. In their his 250th birthday year, to strands Top, a screenshot of “Who’s Your and “Klavierstück” for Tuesday; about failures of intelligence on multiple individual squares they sing — a mixture of of 20th-century modernism, came Baghdaddy, or How I Started the Iraq what might have been weighty the through with clarity, attesting to levels, it has now reappeared in canny dig- War.” Above, Laura Murphy plays a backpack rap, pop balladry and Sinatra-es- night before now seemed, as I the strength of his vision and the ital form, produced with the assistance of C.I.A. analyst in the musical satire. que swing. The cunning multisyllabic strolled with the dog, practically savvy of his juxtapositions. BroadwayHD, where it streams starting rhymes (hurt ya’/ Goethe; analysis/ paral- sunny — the Beethoven coming I planned to watch the concert Wednesday. An Australian cast, under the ysis) can’t stop, won’t stop. If video swal- across as an attempt to rise above tion ran with the intel. In 2003, Congress de- as it was streamed live from direction of Neil Gooding, gathered in a lows a lot of the actors’ choreography, the darkness, rather than succumb to Berlin on Sunday; in scattered shared house in a Sydney suburb. Follow- clared war on Iraq with Curveball’s sham web team has made the Zoom lozenges it. (It was at the noble beginning of 2020 fashion, I forgot. But it is ing a 20-page Covid safety plan, they per- weapons of mass destruction the casus shimmy all around the screen, like Scrabble the second movement that Gus available until Wednesday, so on formed the show live, then recorded it. belli, a catastrophic whoopsie that would tiles with ants in their pants. decided he needed to go: a colli- (Stay for the credits if you want to see how.) lead to more than 4,000 American combat Online, the show has the passionate en- sion of the sacred and the profane The musical cavorts atop your screen as a deaths. thusiasm that only a house full of musical- on President Street.) short course in digital ingenuity and a hec- “Baghdaddy,” with music and book by theater types afforded gainful employment The Stockhausen is known for tic sprint through a major government Marshall Pailet and lyrics and book by A. D. can generate. Which means that they’re its relentless beginning, but I was screw-up — less deep state than dope state. Penedo, based on a screenplay by J. T. Al- playing to the balcony when a screen gives more struck in Mr. Aimard’s per- Some facts: In 1999, an Iraqi man, claim- len, tells this tale with an antic disposition, you a better-than-front-row seat. So the en- formance — and on this walk — by ing to be a chemical engineer, arrived in like a Le Carré novel sent skidding on a ba- terprise, even with the volume turned way, the sensual, dawnlike curlicues Germany seeking asylum. An official from nana peel. It reframes an espionage snafu way down, can feel a little exhausting. It im- near the end. When he finished, Germany’s intelligence service, the BND, as a story of bureaucracy gone wrong and proves in the second half, when the comeup- this superb pianist bowed to the interviewed him about chemical weapons the dumb things C.I.A. spooks do when pances arrive and the mood and lighting empty studio and walked off, his in Iraq. The man, given the code name they’re angling for praise or dodging blame. darken. “Do you feel like this has gotten less footfalls echoing as his tones had. Curveball, supplied spurious information, The show begins in what might be the funny?” Jerry asks. It has. I didn’t hear him under ideal con- which made its way to the C.I.A. Though the present day with a support-group meeting That’s the awful moral of “Baghdaddy”: VIA THE GILMORE ditions, but so little is ideal these BND raised questions about the source’s for the agents and experts who championed It’s all fun and geopolitical games until The pianist Pierre-Laurent Aimard days. I heard him, is what matters, credibility, George W. Bush’s administra- Curveball’s intel. (What was once a church somebody sends in the troops. playing in a streaming concert. and he was very, very good.

Two Not Touch Crossword Edited by Will Shortz ANSWERS TO PREVIOUS PUZZLES PUZZLE BY ALEX BAJCZ ACROSS 44 Laugh like a 12345 678 91011121314 1 Converted into Stooge fuel, as coal 45 Japan’s oldest 15 16 17 6 Former gridiron religion org. for the 46 ___ Pilate 18 19 Memphis Maniax 50 Corporate raider 20 21 22 and Orlando Rage Carl 9 Maximally 51 *Producer of a 23 24 25 26 27 28 15 Superheroes’ lot of suits? specialties 55 Cary of “The 29 30 31 17 “For richer, Princess Bride” for ___ …” 56 “I, ___” 32 33 34 35 36 37 (vow words) (Langston 18 *Four-time Hughes poem) 38 39 40 41 42 heavyweight 57 Humanities subj. 43 44 45 champ 60 “Cut that out!” nicknamed “The Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally. Real Deal” 62 Big name in 46 47 48 49 50 American book Copyright © 2020 www.krazydad.com 19 Download publishing for 51 52 53 54 without paying, 120+ years … say and a hint to the 55 56 57 58 59 20 Role in “The answers to the Brain Tickler Matrix” starred clues 60 61 62 63 64 21 Prefix with 65 Mistakes skeleton 66 Epithet for Jesus 65 66 22 Like “aurum” for in some church What three professional sports teams, all based around the same city, have names that gold and “ferrum” names 67 68 69 rhyme with each other? for iron 67 Like many 23 *Gift that comes returning spring 11/11/20 with a hitch? breakers 3 Units on an 25 Road sign animal 46 It’s found 29 Lose it PUZZLE BY WILL SHORTZ YESTERDAY’S ANSWER There are thought to be well over a million ants on earth for every human being. 68 Relatives of electric bill 26 Start of an idea beneath the 31 Holes in shoes “ums” crust 4 Ron of Tarzan on 27 Ballet move 32 Paid to play: Var. 69 Take a soak 1960s TV 28 Paper units 47 Like some job 34 Narrow estuary 5 “What’s the training 29 Collapsed, with 35 Thanos, to the DOWN ___?” “in” 48 Series of KenKen Avengers 1 Sammy with four 6 Mandarin “thank 30 About half of all bookings across ANSWERS TO 38 *Place that Oscars you” America PREVIOUS PUZZLES honors those binary code 2 Instrument heard 7 Tax evasion, e.g. 49 Combs who’ve served in “I Got You, 33 Taylor who sang 8 Inspiration for “Tell It to My 43 Twisty curve Babe” 51 Under siege the Beatles’ “Day Heart” Tripper” 52 Super- 35 Last task before ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE 9 Venmo, e.g. sending to print 53 ___ to secrecy 10 Where you’re 36 “Solemn” words 54 Goblins, in SNAFU WOOL SPEW actually going 37 Musk who folklore when you “see COLON HARE I OTA co-founded 58 Lye, in chemistry ONEOF ATIT FLAX a man about a PayPal class horse” PORTAUTHOR I TY 39 Trail mix 59 Move in a spiral EST IMO NIB EGO 11 Quagmire ingredients 12 Speechify 61 Skosh DRAFTSPERSON 40 Goes on a run 13 Take effect 62 Female caribou NA I R S I R T I TUS 41 Home to the ANNA STAND CEDE 14 Reznor of rock’s Cedar Point 63 Most popular INDIA IOR ERAT Nine Inch Nails amusement park U.S. dog breed, familiarly FOUNTA INHEAD 16 Knotted (up) 42 “___ Suave” Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each SYL NCO ACT SSA 24 Relative of a foil (1991 hit) 64 Actress Mendes heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or GROUNDSKEEPER division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6. IDEA RIOS AVERT Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles, For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: [email protected] BUMP AZUL SECTS nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2020 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved. MEET SERE ESSAY Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay. C4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

One Artist’s Vision Frames Biden’s Message on Unity A post-election film was inspired by Lorraine O’Grady’s depictions of togetherness.

By ZACHARY SMALL The Biden campaign approached the artist Lorraine O’Grady in August. Ms. O’Grady had used empty, golden frames to capture the joys of community togetherness at the 1983 African-American Day Parade in Harlem, framing the people as art. The performance was preserved in photographs. Inspired by the kind of unity Ms. O’Grady’s project conveyed, the Democrat- ic candidate’s campaign sought to borrow her concept for a similar message, intended to ease a divided nation. This is how, two Lorraine O’Grady’s 1983 months before the election, with Ms. performance “Art Is... ” O’Grady’s blessing, the campaign created a caught the attention of two-minute film. It landed on the internet on Biden campaign officials. Saturday, shortly after the networks projected a victory for Joseph R. Biden Jr. and Kamala Harris. The Biden film opens with a rendition of “America the Beautiful” by Ray Charles as the camera pans countryside vistas and the Philadelphia skyline. Person after person is captured inside the shiny frames as Ameri- cans celebrate the diversity of a country that includes musicians and fishermen, hairdressers and surfers. “The translation of my ideas is almost direct,” Ms. O’Grady said in an interview. “Biden is saying the same thing to the country that I was saying to the art world,” she said. “We are a very large and diverse community and we all need to be included.” Ms. Grady, who is 86, and the descendant of Jamaican immigrants, taught Dadaism and Futurism at the School of Visual Arts in LORRAINE O’GRADY/ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY (ARS), NEW YORK New York, and became known for her avant-garde Conceptual work. She said on her website that she created “Art Is . . . ” in answer to an acquaintance who noted “avant-garde art doesn’t have anything to do with Black people.” O’Grady decided to bring avant-garde art into the largest Black space she could think of, the one million or more people at the parade. “The concept was that, as people were being framed, they were being acknowledged as art in themselves,” she said. It’s rare for presidential campaigns to unveil new promotional materials after an election has already been won. The video, which has been viewed more than 39 million times on Twitter, was posted on the Biden website and the campaign’s social media channels as a clear indicator that the president-elect recognizes how deeply partisan rancor has split the country he is charged with leading. “Normally I can say that there are a lot of historical precedents, but I really struggle to find an example of this kind of political messaging once the campaign ends,” said Top, a photograph from Lorraine O’Grady’s of Harlem included in the original work, July, “This is my way of throwing my hat in Kathryn Brownell, a historian at Purdue “Art Is . . . ,” which used empty frames to which was Ms. O’Grady’s nod to the history the ring, and it’s because I don’t see any so- University who researches political adver- highlight the joy of community. Above, a scene of landscape painting. The artist’s concept cial progress in these last four years.” tising. “This seems to highlight the chal- from Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s “America the is directly referred to in the Biden video by a The work that inspired the video, “Art Is lenge that President-elect Biden faces in Beautiful” ad, inspired by Ms. O’Grady’s work. character who snaps her own images of a . . . ,” has become Ms. O’Grady’s defining trying to unify the country in a media land- Los Angeles neighborhood. piece. The original staging involved bring- scape that’s divided, polarized and parti- “A piece like this is so easy for advertisers ing ornate picture frames to Harlem’s Afri- san.” the country and three producers. The cam- to appropriate,” said the dealer Alexander can-American Day parade and having at- According to the artist, campaign offi- paign would not disclose how much the vid- Gray, who said he appreciated that the cam- tendees pose inside them. Fifteen actors cials said they were inspired by her 1983 eo cost and said the plan was to keep it on paign had recognized Ms. O’Grady as the wearing white helped stage the work, which performance, called “Art Is . . . ,” after hav- social media channels and not the paid air- creator of the concept. is now remembered primarily through the ing seen photographs of the work in last waves. Throughout the campaign, Mr. Biden re- photographs that documented the event. year’s exhibition, “Soul of a Nation: Art in Ms. O’Grady, who has been busy — a ceived support from celebrated visual art- Those pictures are regarded as a celebra- the Age of Black Power,” at the Broad Mu- book of her collected writings was recently ists. Carrie Mae Weems, Ed Ruscha and tion of Black joy and depict neighborhood seum in Los Angeles. published, and she has been preparing for a Shepard Fairey were among those who con- residents partying and posing for the cam- One of them, Andrew Gauthier, the Biden retrospective at the Brooklyn Museum — tributed art to an advocacy campaign over era. campaign’s video director, said he found the was not directly involved in filming the pro- the summer aimed at inspiring voters to re- “The whole task was to bring an aware- work powerful. “I remember tearing up a motion. However, Alexander Gray Associ- ject the current presidential administra- ness to the segregated, lily-white art world,” bit afterward,” he said in an interview. Mr. ates, the gallery that represents the artist, tion. Many of the artworks incorporated the Ms. O’Grady explained. “Here are people Gauthier said that creating the video in- did provide some feedback to the campaign refrain “Enough of Trump” into their dis- capable of responding to avant-garde art — volved more than 20 videographers across by calling attention to the many landscapes plays. Mr. Ruscha said, in an interview in and this was way before selfies.”

GIA KOURLAS CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK

A Time Right CLUE OF THE DAY For Dancing HISTORY ARTOF MEDICINE In the Streets 2020 MARKS THE CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1 55TH BIRTHDAY OF protests and the election, many Americans THE FIRST PIECE OF are tightly wound. It felt right that collective stress, sleepless nights, frustration and fear EQUIPMENT DEDICATED would spill out of bodies and into the streets. TO THIS PROCESS, NOW And that it was genuine said something, too. USED FOR REGULAR This wasn’t a performative response, but a SCREENINGS gut reaction — a way to express churning emotions, most conspicuously joy, when words alone couldn’t do the trick. FOR THE CORRECT Of course, in a country so divided, only RESPONSE, WATCH some people were dancing in the streets. JEOPARDY! TONIGHT But on both sides of the aisle, dancing kept OR LOOK IN THIS popping up during this election, in strange SPACE TOMORROW yet illuminating ways. Kamala Harris’s IN THE TIMES. dancing turned into a meme, celebrated by supporters but ridiculed by critics. That was strange, too — she’s such an unaffect- Yesterday’s Response: ed, effortless dancer. Writing in The Wall WHAT IS PAN AM? Street Journal, Peggy Noonan, the former Ronald Reagan speechwriter, called Ms. TODD HEISLER/THE NEW YORK TIMES Harris “giddy” on the campaign trail. Watch JEOPARDY! “She’s dancing with drum lines and be- mind us of how uncomfortable he seems to bids it, he addresses the question of why, Dancing in ginning rallies with ‘Wassup, Florida!,’” be in his body. Awkward is one thing; his throughout time, people dance: “They Bedford-Stuyvesant, 7 p.m. on Channel 7 Brooklyn, on Saturday. Ms. Noonan wrote, adding: “She’s going for rigid dancing had no spirit. It didn’t bring danced in prayer or so that their crops him to life in a new way. would be plentiful or so their hunt would be Celebrations broke out all a Happy Warrior vibe, but she’s coming But dancing did come to life in other good. And they danced to stay physically fit over the city after news across as insubstantial, frivolous. When she ways: There was an abundance of soul at and show their community spirit. And they outlets declared Joseph R. started to dance in the rain onstage, in Jack- some voting stations, where instead of suf- danced to celebrate. And that, that is the Biden Jr. the winner of the sonville, Fla., to Mary J. Blige’s ‘Work That,’ fering through long lines, people chose to dancing that we’re talking about.” presidential race. it was embarrassing.” pass the time by dancing. In The Philadel- It’s not frivolous. Last weekend, the ex- Ms. Harris, please, never stop dancing. phia Inquirer, Nicolas O’Rourke, a pastor plosion of dance — which overtook social Like everyone, I watched President and organizing director of Pennsylvania’s media, making it seem like it was happen- Trump’s awkward dance moves — they Working Families Party, said, “When ing everywhere — was a celebration of com- Announcing went viral and inspired a TikTok challenge. there’s so much hate and so much resist- munity. But for those of us in the dance Announcements But when he rocked back and forth to the ance to truth and justice, joy is itself an act world it emphasized another point: While Village People’s “YMCA,” fists clenched of resistance.” The most exhilarating dance the pandemic will continue to prevent pub- Celebrate births, and lips firmly sealed, the emotion it in- moments have been just that: Expressions lic performances for what now looks to be engagements, weddings, spired was dismay. I usually love a dad of joy, pure and simple. (And more conven- another year or so, dance is still alive in the anniversaries and dance, good or bad. There’s something un- ient than a muffled chant through a mask.) world. It’s making headlines, as much for more in The Times. believably tender about watching a person Over the weekend, fragments of Kevin what it looks like as what it feels like. Danc- Call 1-800-238-4637. give dancing a whirl when it doesn’t come Bacon’s speech from “Footloose” (1984) ing is not just about moving your body, but naturally. It’s brave. started to play in a loop in my brain. Plead- reclaiming it — and with that, your faith in But Mr. Trump’s frat-house moves re- ing to hold a dance in a small town that for- the world. THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N C5

PARUL SEHGAL BOOKS OF THE TIMES ‘The Difficult Miracle of Black Poetry in America’ A book that’s a monumental His many endeavors are linked by the ef- earlier sections — Langston Hughes, Paul fort to rescue from oblivion, to supply con- Laurence Dunbar, Gwendolyn Brooks, June tribute to persistence, from the text, to indicate points of continuity while Jordan — become beloved ancestors, be- colonial period to the present. insisting on the multiplicity of experience. come the occasion for poems in later sec- One of Young’s achievements with this new tions. book, six years in the making, is in surfacing If this anthology reads like a form of his- IN HER STIRRING ESSAY “The Difficult Mir- lesser-known writers — specifically women tory, it is also a history of form. It traces the acle of Black Poetry in America,” June Jor- writers, like Anne Spencer and Mae V. Cow- tributaries of English and folk traditions, dan recalled serving as the final judge for a dery, forgotten figures of the Harlem Ren- the rhythms of jazz and the Beats, the influ- poetry prize in the mid-1980s. As she sifted aissance — and interrogating why their ence of modernism and the Black Arts through the last round of manuscripts, she work went missing. Did they never publish Movement. Whatever the style, whatever began to jot down recurring nouns: moon, a book? Did they live in a time, like the the shape of the vessel, the particular hold- elms, lilac, gulley, tundra. 1980s, with scant institutional support for ing power of the poem is clear. More effi- “Sixteen different manuscripts of poetry Black poets? Did they write in trivialized ciently than almost any other form, a poem written in 1985 and not one of them uses the forms? Were they forced to keep their writ- can convey a feeling of simultaneity; the terms of my own Black life!” she noticed. ing secret? past can saturate the present, the future can The poets, all white, wrote of pumphandles Anthologies can be a stay against obscur- rear up behind us, a mood can tip between and snow geese, never of low wages or police ity. Here are poems considered too taboo for lament and praise song. The poem itself be- shootings, never of the global events of the African American Poetry: their time (Angelina Weld Grimké’s ravish- comes a site to discuss the costs of trans- era — of apartheid in South Africa, famine ing love poems, written for another woman) forming struggle into song, as Young puts it. 250 Years of Struggle in Ethiopia. & Song or produced in forms considered marginal Poets grapple with the urgency to docu- “I did not and I would not presume to im- (Lucille Clifton’s jump rope rhymes, pub- ment violence but also chafe at the compul- Edited by Kevin Young pose my urgencies upon white poets writ- MELANIE DUNEA 1,110 pages. Library of lished here for the first time). sion. “This movie can’t be about black pain ing in America,” Jordan wrote. But she mar- From the first pages, this collection com- or cause black pain./this movie can’t be America. $45. veled at the persistence of Black poets, so Am I wrong to think pelled me to read it in an unnatural, oddly about a long history of having a long history intent on writing about freedom even as if five white women had been stripped, bovine way — straight through. (Everyone with hurt,” Danez Smith writes in “dino- their work was derided as “topical” or “slo- broken, the sirens would wail until knows the correct way is in totally haphaz- saurs in the hood.” ganeering”: “This is the difficult miracle of someone was named? ard fashion, beginning with one’s favorites Or the poet is moved in the opposite direc- Black poetry in America: that we persist, — or one’s enemies — nibbling here and Aja Monet takes up this call in “#sayher- tion, sitting at her window, contemplating a published or not, and loved or unloved. We there as you go.) But these poems, however name”: “I am a woman carrying other poem about sky or clouds and stopping her- persist.” conventionally ordered — divided into chro- women in my mouth,” she writes. She self, like Nikki Giovanni in “For Saundra”: The new Library of America anthology nological sections, organized alphabetically names them: Rekia Boyd, Sandra Bland, “Maybe I shouldn’t write at all/but clean “African American Poetry: 250 Years of by author, for the most part — slyly anno- Pearlie Golden and others. my gun/and check my kerosene supply/ Struggle and Song,” edited by Kevin Young, tate one another. Read this way, the book feels like a power- perhaps these are not poetic/times/at all.” is a monumental tribute to that persistence, ful volume of American history, in which po- In “Wednesday Poem,” Joel Dias-Porter from the colonial period to the present. It “I/am a black woman/tall as a cypress,” Mari Evans writes in “I Am A Black Wom- ets beginning with Phyllis Wheatley, the writes, “I open my folder of nature poems,/ features poems on injustice, harassment, country’s first published Black poet, com- then close the folder and slump in a chair./ hunger — protests on the page — but also an.” “Look/on me and be/renewed.” On the adjoining page, Sarah Webster Fabio’s “I ment on their times. Here is the potter Da- What simile can seal a bullet wound?” rapturous odes to music and food, to gawk- vid Drake, who, at a time when literacy was “Surely i am able to write poems/celebrating at beautiful strangers, to boredom and Would Be for You Rain” wards us off wryly: “I would be for you rain;/insistent, persist- proscribed for enslaved people, inscribed ing grass,” Lucille Clifton says and then birth pains and menopause, and, yes, to his work with rhyming couplets about fam- asks: “why/is there under that poem al- moon, elms and lilacs, too. ent, yet/intermittent.” Drought, she writes, “has kinder hands.” She’s followed by Julia ily separation in slavery (“I wonder where ways/another poem?” Young — who has been called “America’s is all my relations/Friendship to all — and Always: the poem behind the poem, the busiest poet” — has written numerous poet- Fields’s “High on the Hog,” with its majestic indifference to anyone’s appetite or needs every nation”). Here is the birth of jazz, the stakes in the smallest things. It is over- ry and essay collections and edited antholo- Scottsboro trial, the murder of Emmett Till, whelming to contemplate the variety and gies of verse about grief and jazz. He is the but the speaker’s own. “I want aperitifs supreme,” she writes. “I’ve been/Urban- the Vietnam War, the murder of Malcolm X, history contained in this volume. The po- poetry editor at The New Yorker and the di- the killings of Michael Brown, Rekia Boyd, ems gathered here have the force of event. rector of the Schomburg Center for Re- planned/Been monyihanned/Enough/And I want/High on the Hog.” Sandra Bland. They were written as acts of public mourn- search in Black Culture at the New York ing, and as secrets; they are love poems and These are moments of wit in a book where The poets address America directly. In Public Library. In January, he will begin a bitter quarrels. They are prized company. darker continuities preside. In her 1989 1853, James M. Whitfield wrote: “America, new role as the director of the Smithsonian’s Closing this book, June Jordan again comes poem “On the Turning Up of Unidentified it is to thee,/Thou boasted land of liberty,—/ National Museum of African American His- to mind; one might say, as she thanked her Black Female Corpses,” Toi Derricotte It is to thee I raise my song,/Thou land of tory and Culture. love in “Poem for Haruko”: “How easily you writes about murdered Black women turn- blood, and crime, and wrong.” And the poets held/my hand/beside the low tide/of the ing up in fields, on highways. address each other. One of the most moving Follow Parul Sehgal on Twitter: @parul_sehgal. aspects of the anthology is to see writers in world.”

Left, Irina Krush, who recently won her eighth U.S. Queens Women’s Championship, said the spirit of “The Queen’s Gambit” squares with her experience in the And Kings chess world. Below left, Garry Kasparov and Judit Polgar before a match in Amid Prague in 2002. Sexism

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1 “There were opponents who refused to shake hands,” she recalled. “There was one who hit his head on the board after he lost.” Not every woman has had negative experiences. Irina Krush, who won her eighth United States Women’s Championship last month, said that she felt as if the chess community and men in particular were very supportive of her when she was an up-and- coming player. She said of the series, “The spirit of what they are showing conforms to my experience.” Whether what happens to Beth is typical or not, the popularity of “The Queen’s Gam- bit” has inspired anew a debate about inequality and sexism in chess and what, if anything, can be done about them. Though chess would seem like one area where men and women should be able to compete on equal footing, historically, very few women have been able to do so. Among the more than 1,700 regular grandmasters worldwide, only 37, including Polgar and SASHA MASLOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Krush, are women. Currently, only one woman, Hou Yifan of China, ranks in the social support. That Beth, in “The Queen’s Top 100, at No. 88, and she has been playing Gambit,” is a loner is likely an important Female grandmasters in infrequently, even before the pandemic. reason she does not quit playing in tourna- chess are rare. A Netflix The superiority of men in the game is so ments. series has brought that well established that the best female play- Shahade said she actually did quit for a fact to light. ers have freely acknowledged it. In a recent while, at about age 12, even though she issue of Mint, in an article titled “Why Wom- came from a chess family. Her father, Mike, en Lose at Chess,” Koneru Humpy, an Indi- was a master and her brother, Greg, bean player currently ranked No. 3 among came an international master. women, said that men are just better play- “I was self-conscious,” Shahade said. “My ers. “It’s proven,” she said. “You have to ac- brother was super talented and had become cept it.” a master so early and so easily. I was a much The dearth of women at the top of the slower learner.” game is one reason that there are separate Shahade, who grew up admiring Polgar, tournaments for women, including a world said it was “totally inspiring” to see Beth’s championship; the World Chess Federation story unfold. Like Beth, who loses all her even created titles for women, such as wom- games to Benny the first time they play en grandmaster. speed chess, she prefers slow, or classical, Having such institutionalized, second- chess. class status might seem like a bad idea, but Of 74,000 members in total, the U.S. Chess not according to Anastasiya Karlovich, a Federation said it has about 10,500 female woman grandmaster who was the press of- members. Shahade wants to increase that ficer for the World Chess Federation for number, as well as their participation. To several years. She said that the women’s ti- that end, Shahade and the federation tles permit more female players to earn a started an online chess club in April to keep living as professionals, thereby increasing female players engaged during the pan- their participation in the game. demic. In the last few weeks, there have Karlovich said that the Netflix show has STANISLAV PESKA/CTK, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS been 80 to 140 participants, with quite a few helped her indirectly: It has made the par- older players. The last meeting also had a ents of her chess students look at her differ- sisters, Susan, who became a grandmaster Krush said that the cultural cleaving be- special guest: Kasparov, who has become a ently. “They have more respect for me. and women’s world champion, and Sofia, tween boys and girls happens at a young big booster of women’s chess since his re- They understand better the life of a player,” who became an international master, to age. Scrolling through the lists of the top tirement from competition in 2005. He was she said. blaze the way and support her. players in the United States who are 7, 8 and also a consultant on the Netflix series. While some men have speculated that the Elizabeth Spiegel is an expert, a level just 9, Krush pointed out there are only a hand- To keep the momentum going, Shahade is reason there are so few top female players below master, and has taught chess for two ful of girls in the Top 10. starting an online group, the Madwoman’s is because they are not wired for it — Kas- decades at I.S. 318, a public middle school in That creates and reinforces another Book Club. The title refers to a pejorative parov once said that it is not in their nature Brooklyn that has won dozens of national problem that discourages women’s partici- name used for the queen in the 15th and 16th — women think the overriding reason is cul- championships. She believes that cultural pation: too few social contacts. Jennifer centuries after it became the most powerful tural expectations and bias. stereotypes definitely affect how people Shahade, a two-time U.S. Women’s Cham- piece on the board. Some 100 people have Polgar said that society and even parents learn and play chess. She noted that boys pion who has written two books about wom- signed up for the group’s first meeting this can undermine their daughters’ efforts to tend to be overconfident, but that is more of en in chess (“Chess Bitch” and “Play Like a Friday. improve, though, in her case, her parents, in a strength than a flaw in chess. On the other Girl!”) and is the women’s program director The subject of the discussion should particular her father, did the opposite: They hand, during class, when girls answer her at the U.S. Chess Federation, said teenage come as no surprise: “The Queen’s Gambit” started teaching her chess when she was of questions, they often begin, “I think I am girls tend to stop playing chess because by Walter Tevis, the book on which the Net- kindergarten age. Polgar also has two older wrong, but . . . ” there are so few of them and they want the flix series is based. C6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1 it’s become more encompassing of many things.” The Hyperpop playlist, which Spotify started in August 2019, began as a direct response to 100 gecs’ viral rise. “The fact that so many people were talking about this project inspired us to look deeper and see if there were other artists making music like this that we didn’t know about,” Lizzy Szabo, an editor at Spotify and the playlist’s lead curator, said in a phone interview. Initially, Hyperpop featured songs by 100 gecs and artists associated with PC Music, the experimental pop collective and label founded by the British producer, singer and songwriter A. G. Cook in 2013, and the fore- runners of the distorted pop sound that’s become associated with the term. Szabo and her colleagues landed on the name after seeing it come up in metadata collected by Glenn McDonald, Spotify’s “data alche- mist,” whose job is finding emerging sounds on the platform and classifying them into “microgenres.” Over email, McDonald said he first saw the term applied to PC Music’s releases in 2014 but it wasn’t until 2018 that hyperpop qualified as a microgenre: “For our catego- rization purposes it was mostly a matter of waiting to see if enough artists would coalesce around a similar ebullient electro- maximalism.” Some of the artists in the scene seemed to resent being grouped together under an ar- bitrary genre term by a big corporation. While some of them make electronic pop in the vein of PC Music, others are more inspired by online rap movements. The name started to become a meme — “hyperpoop” jokes abounded on Twitter — but the spring- board the playlist provided was undeniable. Almost overnight, osquinn watched streams of “Bad Idea” climb into the hundreds of thousands. (On Spotify, osquinn’s music is listed under P4rkr, the name she used before coming out as transgender in April.) The song performed so well on the playlist that two weeks after 100 gecs’ takeover, Szabo and the other editors put her on its “cover,” the lead image at the top of the page. If osquinn has become hyperpop’s most visible star, then glaive, also 15, has had the fastest rise of any artist in the scene. He began recording his first songs at the start of quarantine, at first inspired by the emo rap- per Lil Peep, before finding artists in the hyperpop scene and quickly moving on to a brighter, more up-tempo sound that empha- sizes his intricately layered vocals. “I feel like hyperpop is not a genre,” glaive said on a FaceTime call from his home in a small town outside of Asheville, N.C. “I’ve made straight-up pop songs, nothing hyper about them, but they’ll still get put in the hyperpop label because I’m friends with all the people that make ‘hyperpop.’” The Hyperpop playlist is an example of what Szabo called a “community-based playlist.” Similar to Lorem, another playlist Spotify started in 2019 that targets a specific brand of internet-savvy Gen Z listener and includes various strains of emerging pop music, Hyperpop aims to engage both the young artists who have been included under its ever-expanding umbrella and their increasingly devoted fans. At just over 120,000 subscribers, the playlist is still relatively small, but Szabo said the rate at which listeners add its songs to their own libraries rivals that of Spotify’s biggest playlists. (RapCaviar, one of the platform’s most popular playlists, has over 13 million subscribers.) Eighty percent of its currently featured songs are independent releases and, because of its high level of engagement, the playlist can have a significant impact on artists’ careers. Like many small, passionate scenes, hyperpop has also experienced blowups and backlashes. When A. G. Cook did a takeover of the playlist in September and added 50 songs, some of his picks became controver- MIKEY JOYCE Helped by Teens, a Spotify Playlist Blooms

sial. Drawing connections between old and new, as he explained later in a thread on Twitter, Cook added songs by J Dilla, Kate Bush and others — artists that were decid- edly not part of the of-the-moment hyperpop universe. The fresh names appeared at the top of the playlist, bumping down many of the regulars. “At the time, I was really mad,” osquinn said over an Instagram video call. “People were asking why we were making such a big deal about it, but they didn’t realize there were people who were literally living off that Spotify check.” A sophomore in high school, osquinn said her parents were “speechless” when she showed them her last payout from Dis- troKid. She’s prone to taking long breaks from social media, but has gotten messages on Instagram from managers who want to work with her and A&Rs who want to sign her. Though she wants to make those moves eventually, she has mostly left these messages unanswered. Dan Awad, who manages similarly internet-driven artists like Whethan and Oliver Tree, said he first found glaive’s song “Sick” on SoundCloud in June and thought, “This kid is the best songwriter I’ve ever heard in my life.” He started managing glaive shortly after and said there was immediate interest from major labels. In October, after narrow- ing it down to three options, glaive signed a short-term deal with Interscope for two EPs. Even as some of these artists begin to brush up against the larger music industry, defining what hyperpop is, and what it isn’t, is still evasive. “Hyperpop is a genre but it’s also an artist and listening community,” Sza- bo said. “It’s a playlist that hugs both of those ideals.” The way the term has resisted classification — moving fluidly through digital spaces and pulling in new sounds and artists as it travels — might be its biggest strength. “As CLARK HODGIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES SINNA NASSERI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES far as being a genre, I think it’s still in its Top, Laura Les and Dylan Brady of 100 gecs. Spotify’s Hyperpop playlist infancy and we’re still writing the rules for was a direct response to the band’s rise. Above left, the musician glaive, what it can sound like,” said Les of 100 gecs. a regular on the Hyperpop playlist. Above, the influential A.G. Cook. “Once you can lock down specific elements of what makes something ‘it’ then it’s time to move on and do something else.” C8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 2 STIR-FRIED, NOT MASHED 3 AS GOOD AS PIE Your Thanksgiving 6-7 A MENU FOR TWO 4 OUR STAFF’S WINE PICKS planning starts here, with fresh ideas for side dishes, stuffing, wines, desserts and more.

RESTAURANTS RECIPES WINE SPIRITS WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 D1

A turkey prepared according to Samin Nosrat’s recipe for buttermilk-brined roast chicken. Flattening out the turkey reduces the cooking time.

TWO BIRDS, ONE MESSAGE: FOR COOKING, SIMPLE IS BEST A chef applies her recipe for buttermilk-brined roast chicken to a more complicated turkey, with a little tinkering.

By SAMIN NOSRAT For someone who didn’t grow up celebrating Thanksgiving, I’ve got a lot of strong opinions about turkey. It’s probably because I’ve cooked more of it than practically anyone I know, in just about more ways than I can list. I’ve roasted, braised, grilled, spit-roasted and deep-fried it. I’ve boned it out and made “turchetta.” I’ve dry-brined it, wet-brined it, injected it with brine and stuffed slabs of herbed butter under its skin. I’ve built a makeshift cinder-block oven to cook it at a friend’s farm that lacked a kitchen. I’ve even cooked 20 turkeys in a night, working the holiday in a restaurant. And I once took an impromptu call from the famed rancher Bill Niman. He was just starting to raise heritage turkeys, and wondered if he could swing by with seven different breeds for me to cook for a blind tasting. I figured why not and threw myself into the challenge, roasting all of the breasts and right legs, and braising all of the left legs. I remember that I took lots of notes and that some birds tasted much more turkey-ish than others. As I look back on all of this poultry, though, one thing is clear: No matter how complicated or technical the preparation, no one turkey I’ve ever cooked has been that much more exciting to eat than any other. (Though if it was underseasoned or overcooked, it was less exciting to eat.) The truth is, deep down in my heart, I’ve always secretly hoped that if I cook it just right, a roast turkey will emerge from the oven as tender and juicy as a perfect roast CONTINUED ON PAGE D8 ROMULO YANES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: VIVIAN LUI.

CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK TEJAL RAO Burnout Takes a Seat At the Holiday Table

It’s a good time to remind chaotic vibes of a big holiday that I wasn’t brought up with but adopted as an immi- home cooks to put aside the grant when I moved to the United States. stressful idea of perfection. This year, a day or two in the kitchen for a feast that disappears in minutes is unimag- inable. I don’t think I’m supposed to admit IF WE’D TALKED this time a year ago, I would this here in the Food section, but when I have told you with giddy enthusiasm why I think about cooking, I’m filled with dread. always, every year, without fail, make not People all over the country are exhausted one but two kinds of potato dishes on by the losses of the pandemic, police vio- Thanksgiving (one mashed, one roasted). lence and continuing protests against it, I would have explained, in excruciating and the tensions of the election. Even nerdy detail, why I choose certain varieties of po- cooks who found pleasure in freezing sheets tatoes (the particular starch levels of these of pie dough a week ahead of time (yes, potatoes, the importance of these levels to that’s me) might find the approach of the TAYLOR CALLERY their final textures), and how I treasure the CONTINUED ON PAGE D5 D2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

J. KENJI LÓPEZ-ALT Start a New Thanksgiving Tradition This year, try stir-frying rather especially when you add a handful of chopped fresh cilantro. than mashing the potatoes. Eager to identify that umami flavor I tasted in Xi’an, I reached out to my friends Steph Li and Chris Thomas, who produce AT THE HOLIDAYS, recipes that are simple on their own become more difficult when you the YouTube channel Chinese Cooking De- try to juggle them all in a single kitchen. To mystified out of their home in Shunde. They make things less complicated, I’m taking a pinned down the mystery powders as a particular brand of Chinese chicken bouillon novel approach with my potatoes this year, and a seasoning blend that contains one that requires only a bit of prep work, monosodium glutamate (MSG) and disodi- and a few minutes of attention at dinner um 5’-ribonucleotides. The latter is a mix- time: I’m stir-frying them in my wok. ture of organic compounds that work syner- Several years ago, when walking through gistically with MSG, increasing its umami the bustling Muslim quarter of Xi’an, in flavor by around fourfold. It’s a common in- Shaanxi Province in China, my wife, Adri, gredient in Western chicken bouillon (and and I were surprised to see carts with wide, snack food). flat aluminum pans filled with tiny golden The Xi’an-inspired spiced potatoes are potatoes bubbling away in oil, just as delicious, even without added chicken they’re cooked in Adri’s native Colombia. bouillon, but adding a touch bolsters their There, yellow papas criollas, grown high in flavor considerably. I keep a small jar of the Andes and no bigger than grapes, are MSG on my countertop right next to the salt often served shallow-fried whole until their cellar and the pepper mill (just as my skins are wrinkled and their flesh is so mother and grandmother did). I may start tender that they virtually pop as you eat keeping a jar of powdered bouillon on my them. counter as well; stir-fried potatoes make (I later reached out to the British chef and the holidays easier, but they’re also deli- writer Fuchsia Dunlop, who trained in cious any time of year. China. She identified the potatoes as gaoshan tudou, or “high mountain potatoes,” grown in the Qinling Mountains, just south of Xi’an. Given the potatoes’ compa- HOT AND NUMBING rable alpine growing conditions, their simi- STIR-FRIED NEW POTATOES larity to Andean papas criollas made sense.) TIME: 40 MINUTES In Colombia, the potatoes would be sprin- YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS kled with salt and served with ají, a fresh salsa made with chiles and cilantro. In For the Potatoes: Xi’an, it was a little different. We ordered 2 pounds small yellow new potatoes, and watched as the vendor scooped up scrubbed and rinsed some of the fried potatoes and placed them Kosher salt in a hot wok, rapidly added spices and aro- PHOTOGRAPHS BY JOHNNY MILLER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: SUSAN SPUNGEN. matics, and stir-fried everything for a mo- For the Spice Blend: Drain potatoes and spread in a single layer on a ment, before transferring them to a cup and 2 teaspoons red Sichuan peppercorns rimmed baking sheet to air-dry. handing them over with a few toothpicks. 1 star anise pod The potatoes were remarkable — as 1 teaspoon fennel seeds 2. While the potatoes cook, make the spice moist and buttery as papas criollas, with the 1 teaspoon white peppercorns or ½ blend: In a small bowl, shake the Sichuan complex warm spices of Xi’an: chile, garlic, teaspoon ground white pepper peppercorns and discard any shiny black seeds, Sichuan and white pepper, star anise, cum- twigs or leaf fragments. Add the husks to a dry in, fennel and something that gave it all a 2 teaspoons cumin seeds wok, along with the star anise, fennel seeds, distinct umami. 2 whole dried hot chiles (such as chile de The idea of briefly stir-frying precooked arból or Japonais) or 1 tablespoon white peppercorns and half the cumin seeds. potatoes was immediately appealing to me, red-pepper flakes Toast over medium heat, tossing frequently, and, when we got back home, I started ex- 1 teaspoon kosher salt, plus more to until very aromatic, about 2 minutes. Transfer perimenting. taste mixture to a small bowl to cool slightly. Return To simplify things, I wanted to see if I 1 teaspoon granulated sugar wok to heat and add remaining cumin could do away with the initial shallow fry. I 1 teaspoon powdered chicken bouillon seeds and the chiles. Toss and stir until very found success boiling yellow new potatoes, (or replace with ½ teaspoon salt and aromatic, about 30 seconds. Transfer to a draining them and letting them steam-dry second small bowl. before stir-frying them. Extending the stir- ¼ teaspoon MSG to make the dish fry step to a few minutes (rather than the 30 vegan) 3. When cool, transfer the spice mixture in the seconds the vendors in Xi’an gave them) de- 2 tablespoons toasted sesame seeds first bowl, along with the 2 chiles from the livered potatoes with delightfully brown second bowl to an electric spice grinder or a For Stir-Frying: and crispy bits on their surfaces. Even bet- mortar and pestle. Add salt, sugar and chicken ¼ cup peanut, rice bran or soybean oil ter: You could boil the potatoes earlier in bouillon. Grind to a fine powder and return to 4 medium garlic cloves, minced heat until shimmering. Add potatoes and cook, the day, let them sit at room temperature, the empty bowl. then stir-fry them for a few minutes just be- 2 scallions, chopped into ½-inch pieces stirring and tossing frequently, until browned in fore serving without any loss in quality. 4. Add the cumin seeds that toasted with the spots, about 4 minutes. The method is also highly adaptable, in 1. Place potatoes in a large pot and cover with chiles to the spice grinder or the mortar (no 6. Clear a small space in the center of the wok terms of flavor. The potatoes are good with cool water by 2 inches. Season heavily with need to clean it out) and pound or pulse until and add remaining 1 tablespoon oil to it. just salt and pepper, but some minced fresh salt. (The water should taste like very salty very coarsely ground. (There should be large, rosemary and chopped garlic puts them at Immediately add the garlic, scallions and spice seawater once the salt has dissolved.) Place distinct pieces of cumin seeds.) Add home on a traditional Thanksgiving table. mixture to the oil and stir until aromatic, about half-ground cumin and the sesame seeds to the At my restaurant, we make a spice blend over high heat, bring to a boil and cook until 15 seconds. Toss everything until the potatoes with blistered cumin and mustard seed that there’s no resistance when a knife or cake rest of the spice mixture and stir to incorporate. are thoroughly coated in spices, about 15 we sprinkle over our currywurst. Those fla- tester is poked through the largest potato, 5. Stir-fry the potatoes: When potatoes are dry, seconds. Season to taste with more salt as vors are wonderful with stir-fried potatoes, about 10 minutes after they come to a boil. heat 3 tablespoons oil in the wok over high desired. Transfer to a serving bowl and serve.

powdery flakes and pebbles. 2. Make a well in the center of the mixture and A Mix of Apples add the chilled water all at once. Using your fingers, rake the dry ingredients into the wet and stir until mixed. Continue stirring with your fingers, occasionally squeezing the blend Makes Comfort Pie gently, until large, shaggy clumps form. 3. Press the clumps together and into the This twist on a classic calls tumble of intact slices. The same is true of remaining dry bits to gather into a single mass. the sweet-tart harmony — there’s no one Divide the dough in half and pat each half into a for a cookie crumb bottom. formula for the proportions. It’s a matter of 1-inch-thick disk. Wrap tightly in plastic wrap preference and best determined by tasting and refrigerate until firm, at least 1 hour and up By GENEVIEVE KO the options raw and choosing favorites. to 1 day. For a pandemic Thanksgiving, you need There is, however, a set ratio for the in- 4. On a lightly floured surface, use a floured this apple pie, the dessert equivalent of gredients in this all-butter crust. The recipe work-from-home sweatpants. It’s the is intended for a dough mixed by hand, rolling pin to roll out a dough disk into a height of comfort, and while it may not be which results in flaky layers that a machine 12-inch round. Fit into a standard 9-inch pie sleek — there’s no lattice or sparkly sugared can’t replicate. plate, gently tucking and pressing the dough top — it looks good in an “I want that” way. The pastry chef and cookbook author Jo- against the bottom and sides without stretching The techniques that stray from tradition anne Chang still has her bakers make it. Sprinkle the cookie crumbs in an even layer dough by hand even as her Flour Bakery here make this pie different enough to keep across the bottom and gently press into the has expanded to nine locations in the Bos- one day from blending into the next, but re- dough. Transfer to the refrigerator. Roll out the quire little effort to execute or enjoy. Differ- ton area. The process is foolproof as long as other disk into a 12-inch round, slide onto a ent types of apples, up to eight or so, add the butter doesn’t start to soften, which complexity to the filling, along with spices shouldn’t be an issue for this small batch in parchment paper-lined baking sheet, and and lime juice. Shaping the all-butter dough cold weather. But if you know your kitchen refrigerate while you prepare the filling. is going to be warm, Ms. Chang advised, by hand yields an especially flaky crust, 5. Make the filling: Place a rimmed baking “freeze the butter before you even start and which stays crisp on the bottom thanks to a sheet on the lowest oven rack and heat oven to base layer of cookie crumbs. don’t roll the dough on a countertop that had 425 degrees. Whisk the sugar, cornstarch, What makes this pie stand out is simply a warm stockpot on it.” that it uses as many apple varieties as pos- The other key is to use a light touch to cinnamon, cardamom and salt in a large bowl. sible. Amy Traverso charts 70 apple varie- prevent the crust from becoming tough. Cut each apple into 8 wedges, then cut each ties in “The Apple Lover’s Cookbook,” an The quick motions of rubbing butter into piece into ¼-inch-thick slices crosswise. Add to updated version of which was recently re- flour and gathering doughy shreds into a the bowl and pour the lime juice over, then toss leased by Norton, breaking them into four shaggy mass should feel more yoga flow until evenly coated. categories: firm-tart, tender-tart, firm- than boxing. It’s a calming practice and sweet and tender-sweet. But she also ex- nearly as comforting as eating the results. 6. Scrape half the apples into the chilled plains that you don’t need to know exactly PHOTOGRAPHS BY JOHNNY MILLER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: SUSAN SPUNGEN. bottom crust and press down firmly to what you’re buying. eliminate any gaps. Top with the remaining apples, pressing firmly into a mound. Scatter “If you’re making a pie and you did that 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon trick of getting one of each at the supermar- MIXED APPLES PIE the chilled butter bits evenly on top. ket, you’ll be fine because all of the new va- ½ teaspoon ground cardamom ¼ teaspoon fine sea salt 7. Flip the other dough round over the apples rieties tend to be crisp,” she said. “If you TIME: 2¼ HOURS, PLUS CHILLING AND COOLING pick up a softer Gala or Fuji, you’ll have that YIELD: ONE 9-INCH PIE 3½ pounds/1.5 kilograms apples (about to cover and peel off the parchment. Using too.” 8), a mix of tart, sweet, crunchy and scissors, trim the edges together ½ inch past Ms. Traverso, who is a senior food editor For the Crust: soft varieties such as Granny Smith, the plate’s rim. Fold and tuck the edges under at Yankee magazine and lives near Boston, 1 tablespoon granulated sugar Gala, Opal and Jazz, peeled and cored so that they’re flush with the rim and crimp, prefers apples from nearby farms, as does 2⅓ cups/300 grams all-purpose flour, plus 1 tablespoon fresh lime juice decoratively if you’d like. Using a sharp paring Adrian Lipscombe, the chef and owner of more for rolling the dough 2 tablespoons cold unsalted butter, cut knife, cut 8 (3-inch-long) slits in the center of Uptowne Cafe & Bakery in La Crosse, Wis. ¾ teaspoon fine sea salt into ¼-inch cubes the top dough, spacing evenly. Think of these Ms. Lipscombe drives to orchards by her 1 cup/225 grams cold unsalted butter (2 home and picks a pie mix that includes Har- slits as a guide for cutting the baked pie into sticks), preferably high-fat alson, Pink Lady and Juliet. 1. Make the crust: Whisk sugar and ⅓ cup/80 wedges. European-style, cut into ½-inch cubes “It’s a lot about the texture,” she said. milliliters water in a small bowl until sugar 8. Place the pie on the heated baking sheet ⅓ cup/40 grams spiced cookie crumbs, “And orchard apples still stick with their fla- dissolves, then place in the freezer. In a large and bake for 30 minutes. Reduce oven vors after baking.” crushed from crunchy varieties such as bowl, whisk flour and salt, then toss the butter temperature to 325 degrees and bake until the This filling calls for a balance of soft and Biscoff or gingersnaps cubes until evenly coated. Using your crust is brown and the filling is bubbling, 55 to crisp apples because the tender ones break fingertips, quickly flatten and rub the butter down into a sauce that suspends the firm For the Filling: 60 minutes. A thin paring knife should slide pieces. Adjusting the ratio of soft to crisp ⅔ cup/65 grams granulated sugar into the flour, while tossing the smushed pieces through the apples easily. Transfer the pie plate yields either an apple-butterlike center or a ⅓ cup/45 grams cornstarch to coat until the mixture is mostly thick, to a wire rack to cool completely before slicing. THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N D3

Front Burner FLORENCE FABRICANT

ways you can use it: a palate and serve. Each is simply made TO PROTECT This Apron Is One cleanser before the parade of pies with a blend of rye, bourbon and or instead of the pies altogether; bitters, with the addition of sweet That Gives Back a spoonful to drop into a glass of and dry vermouth for the “per- sparking wine before or after fect” manhattan recipe. Keep Nearly everything about dinner; or a tart companion to them chilled. Each 750-milliliter Thanksgiving prep — from basting scoop alongside the pie. It’s a bottle provides a dozen cocktails: the bird to mashing sweet pota- partnership between Jeni Britton High West Barrel Finished Old- toes — demands an apron. Here’s Bauer, the founder of Jeni’s in Fashioned and Manhattan, $50 a bright new one to consider. Columbus, Ohio, and Pauline each, highwest.com. BlueCut, a chef gear company Lhote, the head winemaker at based in Los Angeles, has commis- Chandon in Yountville, Calif. The sioned Alexandra Bowman, a sorbet doesn’t actually sparkle Black artist, to design the limited- TO BAKE but does deliver piquant fruit: edition apron (worn at right by the An Ancient Grain Flour Jeni’s Sparkling Berry Punch chef Nyesha Arrington). It’s made Featuring Chandon, $12 a pint, For Your Pie Crust of duck canvas, with brass hard- jenis.com. ware, and is decorated with the For the past 10 years, Cup4Cup image of a cluster of Black farm- — a company founded by the chef ers. For every apron purchased, Thomas Keller — has been sup- the company will donate at least plying bakers and cooks with an five to Black-owned restaurants excellent gluten-free alternative through BCAGlobal. The heavy- to regular all-purpose flour. It has duty aprons come in three colors now added a blend of “ancient for adults and in two sizes for kids, grains.” Like the company’s origi- and there are matching face nal flour, it can be used measure- masks: Planting Change apron for-measure in place of regular $75 adult, $48 children, face mask all-purpose so you can go gluten- $18, bluecutaprons.com. free with those recipes for Thanksgiving pie. In this flour’s do is reheat and crisp at 400 TO SPOON blend are oats, millet, cassava, degrees for 25 minutes. Each TO CARVE A Piquant tapioca, teff and buckwheat. It’s succulent joint will serve also dairy-free, so it is suitable for Maybe Just Get two, or possibly three Dessert Collaboration vegan baking: Cup4Cup Ancient The Turkey Leg people. They last a Grains, $13.99 for two pounds, good two weeks, un- The new midnight purple cup4cup.com. For that downsized Thanksgiv- opened, in the refriger- sparkling berry punch ing table this year, Jake Dickson ator, and can be sorbet from Jeni’s Splendid of Dickson’s Farmstand Meats Ice Creams is made with frozen: Confit turkey TO SIP offers a wonderful solution: confit Chandon brut sparkling legs, $28 each, Dickson's On a Busy Day, turkey legs. They’re actually the Farmstand Meats, Chelsea wine, and let me count the leg and thigh of birds raised on Market, 75 Ninth Avenue, Save Time on Cocktails Amish farms. Dickson’s cures the lower level (15th Street), About the last thing you want to turkey legs and then slow cooks 212-242-2630, have to fuss with as guests as- them in duck fat. All you need to dicksonsfarmstand.com. semble for Thanksgiving dinner is measuring and mixing cocktails. High West, a distillery in Park City, Utah, that specializes in whiskeys, comes to the rescue. It has introduced two top-notch TO SERVE barrel-finished drinks — a man- You’ll Want to Dig In hattan and an old-fashioned — To These Pumpkins ready to pour over ice, garnish

These cunning little pumpkin KATRINA FREDERICK (APRON); SUR LA TABLE (PUMPKINS); CHANDON (SORBET); HIGH WEST bowls from Sur La Table add (COCKTAIL); SEAN GELBAUGH (FLOUR) something new to the Thanksgiv- ing table. Buy just one to use for cranberry sauce, whipped cream for a pie or even gravy. (The lid will keep it warm.) Or, with several, you can serve individual soups or baked casseroles or puddings. Each microwave-only vessel, made of glazed stoneware, holds about 20 ounces: Pumpkin bowl with lid, $12, surlatable.com.

Holiday Flavors, But Put on Ice

Skip the pie, and churn some The sorbet is excellent served with slivers of candied ginger on top or with pieces festive ice cream or sorbet. of pumpkin seed brittle. And it’s surpris- ingly amenable to tracings of chilled dark By FLORENCE FABRICANT chocolate sauce. You don’t need a psychic to tell you that The desserts can be prepared up to a Thanksgiving will be a smaller gathering week in advance. Whatever containers you this year. So do you still want to bother bak- use for freezer storage, place a circle of ing pies? parchment paper directly on the top surface There’s another option if you’re serving of the ice cream or sorbet to keep the air out. just a few people: a frozen dessert that can If you tackle both varieties you could serve echo the flavors of that Thanksgiving pie, a scoop of each side-by-side. And should pecan or pumpkin (or both), something that you bake those pies after all, these frozen you’ve made well in advance and can have desserts will be your à la mode. ready to scoop. But you will need an ice cream maker and PUMPKIN-GINGER SORBET some forethought, as several hours must be PECAN PIE ICE CREAM devoted to chilling and freezing. (The ice TIME: 20 MINUTES, PLUS AT LEAST 6 HOURS’ CHILLING AND FREEZING cream mixture needs to be very cold before TIME: 30 MINUTES, PLUS AT LEAST 8 HOURS’ CHILLING YIELD: 1 QUART (6 TO 8 SERVINGS) you begin to churn, and the churned dessert AND FREEZING must then be frozen.) Though it would be YIELD: 5 CUPS (ABOUT 8 SERVINGS) 1 cup pumpkin or winter squash purée, possible to freeze a sorbet in a shallow pan, stirring it every hour or so as it solidifies to 2 cups whole milk fresh or canned keep the texture smooth, that method is far 1 cup heavy cream 3 cups fresh apple cider from ideal and will yield an icier consis- ½ cup light brown sugar 2 tablespoons peeled, finely minced tency, like a granita. There’s just no substi- 2 eggs ginger tute for the texture a machine can offer. 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon This pecan pie ice cream is built on a base 1 cup coarsely chopped pecans ½ teaspoon ground nutmeg of French vanilla, with toasted pecans, ½ teaspoon ground cloves cloaked in maple syrup, swirled in. Making ⅔ cup maple syrup ¼ teaspoon ground black pepper the custard is a delicate operation, like pro- 2 tablespoons melted unsalted butter ducing hollandaise, because of the fragile ¼ teaspoon kosher salt 1 tablespoon honey nature of eggs when heated. Perform this 3 tablespoons dark rum or bourbon part of the recipe when you can give it your 1. Place milk and cream in a heavy saucepan. (optional) full, undisturbed, text-free attention. Stir in the sugar. Heat on medium until scalded 1 teaspoon vanilla extract For the pecans, chopping them by hand PHOTOGRAPHS BY CHRISTOPHER SIMPSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. (about 180 degrees) — bubbles will form FOOD STYLIST: SIMON ANDREWS. with a sharp knife, instead of using a food 1. In a small saucepan mix the pumpkin or processor, will yield more uniform results. around the edges. Remove from heat. over medium-high heat. Toast them, stirring, squash with 1 cup of the cider until thoroughly Though many pecan pie recipes call for 2. Beat eggs in a small bowl until well-blended. until lightly browned. Remove from heat. Pour incorporated. Stir in the ginger, cinnamon, dark corn syrup, I make mine with maple, Gradually whisk several tablespoons of the hot in the maple syrup and add the butter and salt. nutmeg, cloves, pepper and honey. Bring to which I find to be lighter, so that’s what I milk mixture into the eggs, then slowly pour the used for the ice cream. Stir to coat pecans completely. Transfer to a simmer on low heat and cook, stirring egg mixture back into the pan, whisking all the The pumpkin-ginger sorbet is a lighter bowl and refrigerate. occasionally, for 15 minutes. option that can be made vegan-friendly by while. 5. Add the cold custard to your ice cream 2. Transfer to a medium-size bowl, stir in the substituting agave syrup for the honey. 3. Place over medium-low heat and cook, maker and churn until the mixture reaches the remaining 2 cups cider, add the rum or bourbon Though canned pumpkin would be per- stirring constantly with a wooden spoon, until consistency of soft ice cream, 40 to 50 if using, and the vanilla. Refrigerate at least 4 fectly fine, try roasting little honeynut the mixture thickens enough to coat the spoon, squashes, 40 minutes at 400 degrees, then minutes. Transfer it to a bowl. Fold in the hours or overnight, until very cold. 6 minutes or so. As soon as you see the first scraping out the insides, which become a cooled nuts and syrup, swirling them in so they wisps of steam, remove the pan from the heat. 3. Churn the mixture in your ice cream maker smooth purée under the heat. are not thoroughly mixed in. for about 45 minutes, until it reaches the Honeynuts are a delicious, relatively new Keep stirring another 5 minutes or so as the variety of squash, dulcet of flavor and dense mixture cools down. Stir in the vanilla. Transfer 6. Transfer the ice cream to one or more consistency of mashed potatoes. Transfer to a of flesh, with none of the stringiness of some the custard to a bowl, cover and refrigerate containers and freeze until firm, at least 2 container and freeze at least 2 hours to firm up. other types of winter squash or pumpkin. until very cold, about 6 hours or overnight. hours. If necessary, let the ice cream soften a To serve, transfer the sorbet to the refrigerator For one cup of purée, two are perfect. But- bit in the refrigerator or at room temperature and allow to soften for about an hour before 4. Place the pecans in a small, heavy skillet ternut squash would be another option. before scooping. scooping. D4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

WINES OF THE TIMES ERIC ASIMOV Perfect for Toasting an Imperfect Year Here are some options for your Thanksgiving.

IN THIS STRANGE and disquieting year, Thanksgiving planning begins with the question of whether to have any sort of gathering at all. Which wines to drink with the meal will be the least of your worries. That’s as it should be. Selecting wines may cause a mild quiver of anxiety, but it’s never really a problem. Even in the best of times, when you’re embracing aunts, third cousins and your best friend’s sister’s daughter, the joy of the feast and the renewal of ties go a long way toward mitigating the quality of whatever happens to be in your glass. Still, good wine can be a significant asset. It can compel guests to take notice, to pause and ponder rather than gulp and disregard. If bottles are to be opened, why not select them with the same diligence you apply to choosing the perfect recipe for mashed potatoes? Beginning in 2004 and ever since, the Thanksgiving wine panel has annually offered thoughts and recommendations in hopes of smoothing the selection process. We will not allow a global pandemic to hold us back. Nonetheless, we accept that this year is different in almost every possible way. Most obviously, almost 250,000 seats will be empty at Thanksgiving tables. These absent loved ones must be acknowledged even as we try to carry on. Thanksgiving comes as Covid-19 cases are spiking nationwide. Every family will PHOTOGRAPHS BY KARSTEN MORAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES decide how to approach this often joyously not too oaky. rambunctious holiday. Many gatherings I would follow up with a red — a pinot noir will be diminished as people, protecting Tasting Report or syrah, or maybe a Barolo or a Beaujolais. their loved ones and themselves, decide not Whether serving turkey, or downsizing to a to travel or entertain. Thanksgivings for Holiday Worthy duck or chicken, these are all flexible with four or two or even one will not be unusual. wine, so match the bottle to your sense of Somehow, families will manage to bridge White Wines the occasion rather than with the food. ★★★ the distance. Whether through Zoom or the Lioco Sonoma County Chardonnay Maybe you would prefer two whites, or no phone, people will find a way to share their 2018 $22 whites at all. Why not? This is the year to blessings, maybe through a prayer or a Tangy, textured, energetic and balanced, with eliminate rigid constraints. toast. Wine can help forge these links, possi- earthy, stony, floral and citrus flavors. Even so, the wine panel stayed with its bly by opening the same bottles from afar. ★★★ Julian Haart Mosel Riesling “1,000L” philosophy of seeking out lithe, agile wines. Our wine panel was not immune to the 2018 One Liter $24 If you have followed us over the years, you 2020 winnowing. Typically, we assemble Lively, bold and rich, with floral and mineral will have seen the recommendations for monthly in a room at the New York Times flavors. (Vom Boden, New York) many different specific bottles — Beaujo- ★★★ building, where we consider and discuss a Gia Coppola Lake County Orange lais, Loire reds, Italian reds, Oregon pinot range of bottles. In deference to the pan- Riesling 2019 One Liter $25 noirs, rosés, sparklers and even ciders. demic, we haven’t gathered since February. Pretty orange wine, with an amber color, These all continue to be great choices. Still, we did not want to let Thanksgiving flavors of dried fruits and flowers, and a light But we have come to realize that the specif- pass, so we got together outdoors, in the touch of tannins. ics don’t matter nearly so much as the char- rooftop space of the NoMad restaurant in ★★★ Domaine les Aphillanthes Côtes du acter and energy of the wines. Acidity, bal- Manhattan. Even so, we were not entirely Rhône Clémentia Blanc 2019 $20 ance and relatively low alcohol are the whole. Bernard Kirsch, our tasting coordi- A “sunny wine,” as Julia Moskin put it, with watchwords. nator, always joins us, but this year he opted flavors of tropical fruits, flowers and a kiss of out. Our colleague Pete Wells, like so many WE HAVE GOTTEN GOOD at finding bottles honey. (Weygandt-Metzler, Unionville, Pa.) parents dealing with home-schooling, faced that fit these criteria, and this year was no Red Wines a last-minute child-care issue and could not exception. In fact, all eight bottles earned ★★★ Castello di Verduno Verduno attend. three stars, the equivalent of excellent Basadone 2018 $24 That left Florence Fabricant, Julia choices. What separates them are scant de- Fresh and lively, with bright, spicy, incisive Moskin and me, so we invited Thomas Pas- grees of preference. They were all that flavors of purple fruits, earth and a touch of tuszak, NoMad’s wine director, to contrib- good. citrus. (Polaner Selections, Mount Kisco, ute a couple of bottles. We would be tasting For her white, Julia brought a Côtes du N.Y.) eight wines in all. Rhône blanc, a 2019 Clémentia from Do- ★★★ Franck Balthazar Selections Côtes du We stuck with our usual ground rules: maine les Aphillanthes, made from biody- Rhône 2018 $22 Each of us would bring two wines, one white namically farmed viognier, roussanne and Lively, spicy and fresh, with earthy, peppery and one red. None would retail for more clairette. flavors. (Savio Soares Selections, New York) than $25. We adopted these guidelines This was a counterintuitive wine, as vio- ★★★ Forlorn Hope Queen of the Sierra years ago, believing that for big gatherings, gnier in particular can be overbearing, but Rorick Heritage Vineyard Calaveras County nobody wants to spend a lot of money on this was well focused and lively, a “sunny 2017 $22 wine. wine,” Julia said, that offered its tropical Bright, fresh and energetic, with complex For one thing, you are going to need a lot fruit flavors without being too heavy. flavors of red fruits and herbs. of bottles. Our rule of thumb is one bottle per Her red was our favorite, a 2018 Verduno ★★★ Hound’s Tree High Wire North Fork of drinking person. Now, that’s a lot of wine. Basadone from Castello di Verduno, made Long Island Pinot Noir NV $23 You don’t have to drink it all, though. It’s far of pelaverga piccolo grapes organically Smaller gatherings offer different oppor- Light-bodied, with lively flavors of red fruits better to have too much than it is to run out. farmed in the Langhe region of Italy. tunities. You don’t need as much wine, so if and a touch of refreshing bitterness. While the area is best known for its IN AN ORDINARY THANKSGIVING, with a fair you like you can open your finest bottles. Barolo and Barbaresco, Langhe also grows amount of cheerful chaos and plenty of dif- Dinner for four, for example, could begin pelaverga piccolo, one of a group of lesser- What the stars mean Ratings, up to four stars, reflect ferent dishes, pairing wine and food is the with hors d’oeuvres and sparkling wine. It the panel’s reaction to the wines, which were tasted known grapes that offer excellent values. It last thing you want on your mind. Our tried- could be Champagne. But if you want to em- with names and vintages concealed. The wines repre- was fresh, bright, spicy and intriguing. and-true solution is to choose versatile phasize American wines, I have found won- sent a selection generally available in good retail shops Florence, too, went against the grain with wines that will be fine with almost any derful choices from the West Coast: Blue and restaurants and on the internet. Prices are those her white, selecting a so-called orange wine, paid in the New York region. Tasting coordinator: foods. Ox, Cruse, Schramsberg, Iron Horse, Soter a white with some of the characteristics of a Bernard Kirsch. The grapes that go into the wine don’t and Under the Wire are a few names worth red. matter nearly so much as the nature of the knowing about. White wines are usually made by crush- wine itself. That is, you want wines with Follow that with a good white wine, what- ing the grapes and removing the juice from lively acidity and relatively low alcohol, the ever strikes your fancy. Chardonnay, sauvi- the skins, which carry tannins and pig- lasts. sorts of bottles that are refreshing and ener- gnon blanc, chenin blanc, riesling, all will be Acidity, balance ments. If you allow the juice to instead mac- This wine, from Gia Coppola, a grand- gizing over the course of a long feast. great, but don’t stop there. You might like an and relatively low erate with the skins, as you would a red, it daughter of the film director and wine assyrtiko, or maybe a carricante. Maybe alcohol are the picks up an amber tinge and some tannins, producer Francis Ford Coppola, is made you’re beginning with a creamy soup. Any EMAIL [email protected]. And follow Eric watchwords. depending on how long the maceration with riesling grapes grown in Lake County Asimov on Twitter: @EricAsimov. of these wines will work, as long as they are in California. It’s a sort of introduction to orange wines, mild and not particularly tannic but light and balanced, with pretty flavors of dried fruits. SPICED SHRIMP PAIRINGS Many orange wines can seem idiosyn- cratic, and I often wonder whether people TIME: 45 MINUTES will want to drink them over the course of a YIELD: 4 TO 8 SERVINGS long meal. This would be a good candidate to try. 1 pound large shrimp, about 20, Her red was a nonvintage pinot noir, the preferably Gulf, shelled and deveined High Wire from Hound’s Tree on the North ½ teaspoon salt Fork of Long Island — fresh, lively and re- 1 cup plain Greek-style yogurt freshing. 1 tablespoon harissa paste, or to taste I loved Thomas’s white, a 2018 Mosel ries- 1 tablespoon finely minced cilantro ling from Julian Haart that was textured and rich with floral and stony mineral fla- leaves vors. I called it a wake-up wine for the way it 2 tablespoons ras el hanout (Moroccan snapped me to attention, though Julia sug- spice blend) gested it was maybe too bold. 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted Thomas’s red came from Franck Baltha- ½lemon, seeds removed zar, one of my favorite Cornas producers, who also has a small négociant operation. 1. Place shrimp in a bowl and add the salt. Mix This 2018 Côtes du Rhône is 60 percent syrah and 40 percent grenache, farmed or- well and set aside 30 minutes. Meanwhile, stir ganically. It was spicy, earthy and complex, the yogurt and mix in the harissa and cilantro. a lovely wine. Transfer to a serving dish and set aside. I stuck with American wines for my picks. 2. Heat broiler. Rinse and dry shrimp, place in a My white, a 2018 Sonoma County chardon- bowl and add the ras el hanout. Toss to mix nay from Lioco, was tangy, textured and balanced, the sort of white wine that will go thoroughly. Select a shallow baking dish that with almost anything. will hold the shrimp snugly in a single layer. My red was the 2017 Queen of the Sierra Brush with a little of the butter. Arrange shrimp from Forlorn Hope, a blend of trousseau in the dish and brush with remaining butter. noir, mondeuse, zinfandel and a few other Broil close to the source of heat until shrimp grapes, all organically grown in Calaveras are lightly browned and cooked through, 6 to 8 DAVID MALOSH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: MAGGIE RUGGIERO. County in the Sierra Foothills. minutes. (Alternatively, the shrimp can be I loved the freshness and complexity of Rich, sweet flavors dominate the traditional Thanksgiving table, with cranberries offering a welcome acidic glow. Adding placed on soaked wooden skewers, about 3 the fruit, spice and herbal flavors in this some spice to whet the appetite is a good idea, either for a nibble with a glass of wine or a cocktail, or as a first course. shrimp per stick, and broiled or grilled over high wine. Like each of the eight bottles, it went For many years, I have prepared a simply made dish of shrimp, coated with spices and quickly broiled. Some lemon con- beautifully with our meal of NoMad’s roast heat, turning once.) Squeeze the lemon over tributes knife-edge sharpness. Certainly the bright acid-driven whites and the smoothly welcoming reds that were selected chicken. the shrimp. for our tasting would all be excellent partners. These eight bottles all epitomized the sorts of wines to seek out. I can’t emphasize 3. Serve as a cocktail snack directly from the The basic recipe is elastic, easily halved or scaled up. And the spice choices can vary. Here I have opted for ras el hanout, enough, though, that they are only exam- dish with picks to skewer shrimp and harissa a complex North African blend that delivers modest peppery heat along with pungent elements of cumin, fenugreek and dip alongside. ples. Dozens if not hundreds of other wines coriander, as well as the warm astringency of allspice and cloves. Harissa, a North African pepper sauce, seasons the dip. will fit these criteria. They won’t make this When the occasion is not Thanksgiving, the shrimp can be a main dish to serve three or four, paired with rice or farro, or, Thanksgiving seem any more normal, but with this recipe, a buttery tumble of fluffy couscous. And one of our Thanksgiving wine choices. FLORENCE FABRICANT they couldn’t hurt. THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N D5

CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK Burnout Takes a Seat at the Table

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1 holiday overwhelming. When our bodies experience stress, there’s an instant neurological and physio- logical shift as endorphins, epinephrine and glucocorticoids rush in. Our blood pres- sures rise. Our brains focus on the present moment. These tiny, temporary shifts work together to sharpen our senses and help us cope with an obstacle. “Burnout is when that stress is really pro- longed,” said Saumya Dave, a psychiatrist in Atlanta. “We have mechanisms in place to survive, but when the stress is drawn out, when we don’t have an end in sight, when we’ve been stretched too long, too thinly, for an uncertain period of time, it’s burnout.” Long-term stress is toxic. It can weaken the immune system, increase blood pressure and contribute to insomnia, memory loss, depression and more. It results in total emotional exhaustion, accompanied by a sense of detachment and powerlessness. For women of color, particularly Black women, as well as other marginalized groups, burnout is nothing new. But this year it’s been amplified and persistent. Christine Samala, a first-generation Fil- ipina-American living in San Francisco, is an early-stage investor and part of a community potluck group. She’s the kind of cook who makes 100 lumpia at a time, filling the rolls with pork and beef, water chestnuts, celery and carrots. She preps huge piles of vegetables to make her version of the noodle dish pancit, and she used to delight in having friends over for chicken adobo. “I want to look forward to Thanksgiving, but I can’t,” she said. “I’d be pretty disappointed to get my hopes up, and in a week or two or three, it might not seem like a good idea anymore, for everyone’s health and safety.” In the meantime, Ms. Samala is in charge of feeding herself, her wife and her baby, and the family is experiencing what she describes as a mix of boredom and decision- making fatigue: “When it comes to logistics and assessing risk — are we going to do In- stacart? Are we grocery shopping in person? What businesses are we going to support?” In “Burnout: The Secret to Unlocking the Stress Cycle” the authors and sisters Amelia and Emily Nagoski note that finding meaning through goals, acts of service and simply being in loving relationships can be the best way to build a support system that buoys you when you’re stressed (and just works to make life better when you’re not).

And most therapists recommend the sim- TAYLOR CALLERY plest social tools within reach to alleviate day-to-day stress. Taking an exercise class, talking with friends over brunch or going to said. “This is a unique type of grief, and from work to nonwork time,” Ms. Dave said, fect, crusty-edge casserole, is a reminder of see a movie are all reliable ways to find mo- there’s so much we don’t know about how to “and help take you out of that mind-set of the insurmountable gap between the fan- ments of joy and potentially break the cycle cope with it yet.” going from one thing to another with a tasy of the holiday and its much darker, of stress. There’s no easy fix, but she asks patients sense of detachment.” messier reality. “But a lot of these things just aren’t avail- to think about what gave them a sense of joy She suggests a ritual that engages multi- “We’re not going to be able to get together able to us right now,” said Yana Sercarz, a before the pandemic, to identify exactly ple senses, such as warming essential oils the way that we may have, and that’s a psychotherapist in Los Angeles. “We can’t what made them feel anchored or provided or lighting candles. It can’t be meeting hardship,” Ms. Sercarz said. “We can ac- go hang out with our friends. We can’t go to a sense of stability. friends at a bar after work, but maybe it knowledge that it’s hard, and we cannot ex- the gym. And a lot of people are really suf- For me, it’s cooking for friends who are in could be mixing a drink and garnishing it pect so much of ourselves.” fering because of that.” and out of the house all day, and reporting in with nice long citrus peel, then taking it to Home cooks rarely tend to their fatigue in Ms. Dave, the therapist in Atlanta who people’s kitchens, asking them questions, Home cooks rarely the backyard to sip, away from the phone the kitchen with any urgency — dinner has sees her patients via Zoom, said that she learning about them. These things are cur- tend to their fatigue and news apps. For so many, even that to get on the table, period. And it’s easy to had noticed an increase in burnout, but that rently out of the question, but Ms. Dave said small of an amount of time and personal minimize stress in comparison with the she brainstormed smaller, more realistic in the kitchen more visible and immediately threatening it was different this year, with a deep sense with any urgency. space is a luxury, and it can function as a of grief running through it. versions of those activities, and found ways kind of reset button. hardships around us. to integrate these into her patients’ lives. This clear shift in expectations, in expect- But acknowledging the burnout is impor- ACROSS THE COUNTRY, Americans are Instead of dinner, joining friends in ing far less for and from ourselves, isn’t tant precisely because it’s so pervasive, and mourning the deaths of more than 238,000 watching new episodes of “Star Trek: Dis- easy, especially amid the relentlessly cheer- so quietly destructive. people lost to Covid-19. Millions more have covery” each week while group-texting ful seasonal messaging — How to be the per- It’s also the first step to ditching the idea lost their businesses and their jobs, de- with them could be an unexpectedly fulfill- fect hostess! Tips for making this the most we’ve been sold, over and over again, of ferred starting college, canceled trips to see ing replacement. A brunch date with a best perfect Thanksgiving ever! what the perfect Thanksgiving should look family, or celebrated major life events like friend, for example, might turn into a like — a minimum of 30 guests and two kinds weddings and births in isolation. weekly phone call set in the calendar. THOSE KINDS OF HEADLINES are always a of potato dishes! — and instead, celebrating “In some cases, it’s grief for the future “Some sort of daily ritual, even if it’s just touch unhinged, but this year? Every flaw- one that’s possible, however different, and people thought they would have,” Ms. Dave five minutes long, can signal the transition lessly styled photo of a set table, every per- however small.

Boring and Bitter? Not These Brussels Sprouts

A maligned vegetable gets a lots sits in a jar, waiting to add a much- needed spot of brightness. crunchy, creamy, tangy update. The final touch comes in the form of the deeply fruity and woody flavors of date syr- By NIK SHARMA up or Turkish pekmez, a molasses made by Brussels sprouts are among the most tradi- concentrating grape juice. Be generous tional ingredients on the Thanksgiving ta- here. A little extra would not warrant a rep- ble, and, when roasted, this unfairly ma- rimand. ligned brassica shines brilliantly among the Prepare the components of this dish various sides. ahead of time, and assemble them when Preparing them is easy: They don’t really ready to serve. The warm roasted brussels need too much work to yield layers of com- sprouts and cool garlic labneh are height- plex flavor. First, trim the base, and halve or ened when finished with the pickled shal- shred the sprouts. You can mitigate their lots and the sweet-sticky splash of date syr- sharpness by submerging them in a bowl of up — a mix of sweet, sour, bitter, savory and ice-cold water. (The low temperature will salty, alongside a multitude of playful tex- inhibit an enzyme reaction, improving their tures. taste and helping them lose some of their funky smell and bitterness.) Just remember to drain and pat them dry once you’re done BRUSSELS SPROUTS WITH PICKLED — with a kitchen towel, though a salad spin- SHALLOTS AND LABNEH ner will work wonders here. Then, choose the right way to cook them. Boiling doesn’t always do them justice, of- TIME: 40 MINUTES ten leaving them mushy and insipid — even YIELD: 4 SERVINGS boring. Roasting and searing are most cer- For the Pickled Shallots: tainly the way to go, and may spur one of the ¼ cup apple cider vinegar most marvelous transformations of any NIK SHARMA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES (PHOTOGRAPHY AND STYLING) vegetable. Against high heat, they develop 1 teaspoon granulated sugar a medley of flavors and textures: crunchy ½ teaspoon black pepper 2 tablespoons date syrup or pekmez (or teaspoon black pepper. Spread them out in a leaves that shatter in a single bite, only to ½ teaspoon fine sea salt reveal a tender interior. 1 large shallot, peeled and sliced into even maple syrup or honey), for single layer on a rimmed baking sheet or Brussels sprouts tend to benefit from a rings serving roasting pan. Roast for 22 to 30 minutes, until flavorful fat. A dab of butter, a dollop of ghee, golden brown, slightly charred in some spots a splash of extra-virgin olive oil, or chopped For the Brussels Sprouts: 1. Make the pickled shallots: In a small jar or and a little crispy. bacon or pancetta will all breathe new life 1 pound brussels sprouts bowl, mix the vinegar, sugar, black pepper and 3. As brussels sprouts cook, prepare the into them. Coat them in good extra-virgin 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil, plus salt. Stir until the sugar and salt are completely labneh: In a medium bowl, mix the labneh with olive oil. Then, for a Middle Eastern and more for finishing dissolved. Add the shallots and cover the jar the garlic and black pepper, then taste and Mediterranean influence, scatter them over Fine sea salt a bed of labneh. Buy some, or make your with a lid or plastic wrap. Let sit for 30 minutes season with salt. 1 teaspoon black pepper at room temperature. own: Simply strain full-fat yogurt through a 4. Spread the labneh on a serving dish or plate, cheesecloth set over a bowl for a few hours. For the Labneh: 2. Prepare the brussels sprouts: Heat the oven and spoon the sprouts over. Drain and discard The whey will drain out, leaving behind a 1 cup labneh to 400 degrees. Trim the brussels sprouts, velvety lusciousness that provides a the liquid from the pickled shallots, and place 1 garlic clove, peeled and grated discarding any stalks or damaged leaves. Halve creamy-tangy contrast to the crunch of the them on top of the sprouts. Drizzle with the roasted sprouts. As all this unfolds in the ½ teaspoon black pepper the sprouts lengthwise, and toss with 2 date syrup and 1 to 2 tablespoons olive oil. kitchen, a quick cider vinegar pickle of shal- Fine sea salt tablespoons oil. Season with salt to taste and 1 Serve immediately. D6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

MELISSA CLARK A GOOD APPETITE A Tiny and Tasty Thanksgiving

Making a small meal can be just as festive as a feast.

THE WHOLE POINT of Thanksgiving is to go big: a huge turkey surrounded by a bevy of sides and what’s never too many pies, all de- voured by relatives who may or may not be under the influence of free-flowing wine. That’s the way the holiday usually goes. Not so this year. Given the pandemic, current guidelines from the Centers for Dis- ease Control and Prevention rate small Thanksgiving dinners confined to members of your household as the lowest-risk way to celebrate the holiday. Tiny is the new big for Thanksgiving 2020, and, for many people, that means dinner for two. But a Thanksgiving for two can be just as festive and delicious as a feast for 12 — with the distinct advantage that there’s a lot less to clean up when it’s over. It’s simply a matter of scaling the proportions way down. That’s what I did in this menu, which delivers all of the autumnal charm and traditional flavors in a smaller package. And it still leaves room for a favorite family recipe, if you can’t possibly live without Cousin Jessie’s mac and cheese or Uncle Lou’s jig- gly salad, the one with the cream cheese and pecans. The hardest thing about scaling the turkey was deciding whether to go with white meat or dark. I chose thighs, which are a lot easier and forgiving than the more finicky breast. But if you prefer white meat and would be happy for the extra leftovers, you can substitute a roasted breast. Pair the meat with quick-pickled onions and cranberries, which, with their fuchsia hue, add a welcome bit of color that could replace or brighten the usual jamlike cranberry sauce. Stuffing is arguably the next most important dish on the table. This one, filled with sautéed shallots and plenty of herbs, is fairly classic: buttery soft in the center; golden and crunchy on top. You’ll also need something sweet and orange and something spunky and green to round it all out. Here, I offer winter squash doused in a mildly spicy maple glaze, and roasted until velvety and browned at the edges, and sautéed greens, flavored with slivers of garlic and a dash of smoked paprika. Personally, I don’t see anything wrong with baking a pie for dessert, and savoring the leftovers for a few days after. But if that seems excessive, try these rich little date and pumpkin sticky toffee puddings, im- bued with a brown sugar toffee sauce and topped with crème fraîche for some much needed tang. Even if it’s just the two of you, you can still eat until your stomach aches and the only sensible course of action is a bracing walk or a cozy nap (or both). Because even if we are celebrating a little differently this year, some holiday traditions remain sacred.

Scale Down Without Sacrificing Favorites

BY MELISSA CLARK Small skillets, loaf pans and small gratin MAPLE-ROASTED SQUASH TURKEY THIGHS WITH PICKLED dishes are all viable options. And note: Just because you may be cooking Thanks- WITH SAGE AND LIME CRANBERRIES AND ONIONS You’ll want to shave 5 to 10 minutes off the giving dinner for a smaller group this year baking time. doesn’t mean you have to give up your tried- TIME: 35 MINUTES TIME: 1 HOUR, PLUS AT LEAST 2 HOURS’ MARINATING and-true holiday recipes. Here are some YIELD: 2 SERVINGS YIELD: 2 SERVINGS guidelines and strategies for adapting your Gravy 3 tablespoons maple syrup 1 lemon favorites to feed fewer people. Since you won’t be roasting a whole bird, a make-ahead gravy, fortified with good tur- Large pinch of ground cayenne or chile 2 garlic cloves, finely grated, pressed or Turkey key or chicken stock, is the way to go. You powder minced can halve or quarter most gravy recipes, 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into 1 tablespoon minced fresh thyme leaves, The smallest whole bird you’ll probably find but they will thicken a lot faster, so go by the ½-inch cubes preferably lemon thyme will weigh 8 to 10 pounds, serving 6 to 12. recipe’s visual cues rather than timing. ½ teaspoon kosher salt 1½ pounds bone-in, skin-on turkey thighs Using parts gives you more flexibility. For dark meat, thighs are the most forgiving; ¼ teaspoon black pepper (2 medium thighs) throw them in a 375-degree oven, drizzled Mashed Potatoes Large pinch of coriander seeds Kosher salt and black pepper with a little oil and seasoned with salt, until It’s pretty easy to halve or quarter most 1 pound winter squash, such as 1 medium red onion, thinly sliced the skin is golden brown and crisp, and the mashed potato recipes, though they can get dumpling, delicata or butternut, ½ cup coarsely chopped fresh or frozen juices run clear when the thighs are pierced cold quickly. Make them just before serving, halved, seeded and sliced into ½-inch cranberries with a fork. Timing depends on size, but or reheat them in the microwave or in a dou- thick (you don’t have to peel it) 1 tablespoon fresh lime juice anywhere from 45 to 75 minutes should do ble boiler over simmering water. Or keep Fresh lime juice, for serving 2 teaspoons granulated sugar it. them warm in an insulated coffee cup: A 1 tablespoon chopped fresh sage leaves, 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into For white meat lovers, choose breast small amount of mashed potatoes should fit meat, either turkey breast halves for roast- in one quite nicely. for serving cubes ing or preparing sous vide, or some thin cut- ¼ cup chopped fresh cilantro, basil or lets that are perfect for sautéing. But take Casseroles 1. Heat oven to 425 degrees. If you like, line a parsley leaves, for serving care not to overcook. A standard turkey rimmed baking pan with parchment paper or (Sweet Potato, Green Bean, Spoonbread, breast half weighs about 2 pounds, and will Mac and Cheese) foil. (It’s not necessary but will prove helpful 1. Finely grate ½ teaspoon zest from the lemon feed 4 to 6, so consider the cutlets if you’re You can apply the same logic here as you when cleaning up.) and put it in a small bowl with the garlic and not a fan of leftovers. would for stuffing: quarter or halve the reci- thyme. Halve the lemon and squeeze 1 You’ll need ¾ pound to 1½ pounds of 2. In a small pot over medium-high heat, pe, then find a smaller dish in which to bake tablespoon of the juice into the bowl. Mix bone-in meat per person (depending on combine maple syrup and cayenne in a small it. Note that if you’re not trying to brown the your fondness for leftovers) and 6 to 12 everything into a paste. top of your casserole, the depth of the pan pot. Bring to a simmer and let cook until it ounces of boneless meat. becomes less important. reduces by a third, 1 to 3 minutes. Add butter 2. Pat the turkey thighs dry and season with and let it melt. Turn off heat and mix in salt, salt and pepper. Smear turkey with the paste Cranberry Sauce Other Vegetable Sides pepper and coriander. and place thighs on a plate. Refrigerate, Halve the recipe on the bag or this one, uncovered, so the skin can dry out, for at least It’s harder to generalize here, but for most 3. Spread the squash out on the pan and spoon cooking for about 3 to 5 minutes less than vegetable side dishes, halving or quarter- 2 hours and up to 2 days. called for, until you see the cranberries pop maple mixture over the pieces, turning them to ing the recipe should do it. You’ll want take and the liquid boil vigorously. Or, since you coat. Roast until the pieces begin to soften, 15 3. Meanwhile, squeeze the remaining juice note of cook time and pan size. As for pan usually have to buy a 12-ounce bag of minutes. Turn the squash pieces over and roast from the lemon halves into a medium bowl. Add sizes, it probably won’t matter when berries, you may as well cook them all into until glazed and tender, 10 to 20 minutes more. the onion, cranberries, lime juice, sugar and ¼ sautéing, steaming or boiling. But when sauce, and use the leftovers instead in jam Drizzle lime juice and scatter sage leaves over teaspoon salt, tossing well. Let the mixture sit roasting, make sure not to crowd the pan. bars or thumbprint cookies. The sauce will Vegetables need space so they can brown. the top for serving. at room temperature, tossing occasionally, until keep for at least 3 weeks in the fridge. the onions wilt and turn pink, 1 hour. Cover and Pie refrigerate until serving. (These can be made Stuffing You can also just bake a regular-size pie up to 3 days in advance.) If you want to bake a cute, diminutive pie, Most stuffing recipes call for 1 to 1½ pounds and enjoy the leftovers for a few days — or halve most standard pie recipes and bake it 4. Heat oven to 375 degrees. Put turkey thighs of bread and are baked in a 9-by-13-inch pan freeze them. Fruit and nut pies (including in 6- or 7-inch pie tin. Just watch the time: A to feed 6 to 12. Halve or quarter the recipe, apple and pecan) freeze better than cream on a baking pan and dot with butter. Roast the smaller pie will probably take less time to then measure the volume of your uncooked pies like pumpkin, whose silky texture can thighs for 40 to 50 minutes, until the skin is cook through. stuffing, and find a dish where it will fit turn grainy when defrosted. Wrap leftovers crisp, the meat is cooked through and the For pumpkin and pecan pies, choose a snugly. You want to fill the baking dish tightly in plastic wrap or foil, and place in a juices run clear. (No need to rest here.) recipe with a blind-baked crust, so you’ll nearly to the top, so the surface of the stuff- resealable freezer bag before freezing for know the crust will be crisp, even if the 5. Serve turkey with a little of the cranberries ing browns. (If the stuffing mixture is too up to 3 months. Thaw in the refrigerator small amount of filling takes a lot less time low in the pan, it’s harder to get a crisp top.) overnight, or at room temperature for about and pickles on top, with herbs scattered over to firm up in the oven. 2 to 3 hours. everything. THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N D7

SAUTÉED GREENS WITH SMOKED PAPRIKA

TIME: 10 TO 20 MINUTES, DEPENDING ON THE GREENS YIELD: 2 SERVINGS

1½ tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil 1 large shallot, thinly sliced 1 large garlic clove, thinly sliced Kosher salt and black pepper ¼ teaspoon smoked paprika 1 small bunch greens, such as kale, chard, spinach or mustard greens, torn into bite-size pieces (about 6 cups) ¼ cup turkey, chicken or vegetable broth, or use water, plus more as needed Lemon wedges, for serving (optional)

1. Place a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the oil and let it heat up for about 20 seconds. It will thin out to coat the pan. Stir in shallot slices and garlic, and cook until pale golden at the edges and softened, about 2 minutes. Add a big pinch of salt and the paprika. Give everything a stir. 2. Add the greens to the pan, using tongs to toss everything well. Add broth, and let greens simmer, until very soft, about 3 minutes for tender greens, and up to 15 minutes for tougher, mature greens. If the greens still seem tough but the pan is dry, splash in a little water and let cook for another few minutes. 3. Taste and adjust seasoning, if needed. Squeeze on a little lemon juice, if you like, then serve hot or warm.

HERBY BREAD-AND-BUTTER STUFFING

TIME: 45 MINUTES YIELD: 2 SERVINGS

3 tablespoons unsalted butter, plus more for greasing the pan 1 large or 2 small shallots, diced ¼ teaspoon kosher salt, plus a large pinch 1 teaspoon chopped fresh marjoram or thyme leaves (or use a large pinch of dried) ½ to ¾ cup turkey, chicken or vegetable broth 1egg ¼ cup chopped fresh soft herbs (use 2 or 3 of the following: parsley, tarragon, chives, mint, basil, cilantro, dill or celery leaves) About 2½ cups torn-up stale white or whole-wheat bread, not too crusty (3 ounces) Black pepper

1. Heat oven to 375 degrees. Grease a small, PHOTOGRAPHS BY CHRISTOPHER SIMPSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: SIMON ANDREWS. shallow gratin dish, casserole dish or loaf pan with a 3- to 4-cup capacity.

PUMPKIN STICKY TOFFEE 2. In a small skillet, melt 2 tablespoons butter PUDDINGS over medium heat. Stir in shallots and a large pinch of salt. Cook until soft and just starting to TIME: 45 MINUTES brown, 3 to 4 minutes. Stir in marjoram and YIELD: 2 SERVINGS cook for 1 minute longer. For the Puddings: 3. In a medium bowl, whisk together ½ cup 1 tablespoon unsalted butter, cut into broth, egg, chopped herbs and ¼ teaspoon ½-inch cubes, plus more for greasing salt. Fold in bread and shallots, letting the ¼ cup/55 grams pitted, chopped dates bread absorb the liquid. It should be very moist. ¾ teaspoon finely grated lemon zest (If the mixture seems dry, add more stock a ½ teaspoon baking soda little at a time, using up to another ¼ cup.) 2 tablespoons boiling water 4. Spoon stuffing into the prepared baking dish ½ cup pumpkin purée (not pumpkin pie and grind some black pepper onto the top. Cut filling) the remaining tablespoon butter into small ¼ cup/55 grams dark brown sugar pieces and scatter over the top. Bake until ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon golden brown and firm, about 30 minutes. ¼ teaspoon ground cardamom or ginger Serve hot or warm. Pinch of ground cloves ⅛ teaspoon fine sea salt ½ cup/65 grams all-purpose flour Flaky sea salt, for serving Crème fraîche, sour cream or plain yogurt, for serving

For the Sauce: ¼ cups/55 grams dark brown sugar 3 tablespoons pumpkin purée (not pumpkin pie filling) 2 tablespoons heavy cream Large pinch of fine sea salt ¼ cup/55 grams unsalted butter (½ stick), cubed 1 tablespoon bourbon or brandy (optional)

1. Heat oven to 350 degrees. Grease 2 (8-ounce) ramekins or a small, shallow gratin dish with a 2- to 3-cup capacity (see Note). 2. Prepare the puddings: In a large, heatproof bowl, combine the dates, butter, lemon zest 5. Prepare the sauce: In a medium pot over more sauce and crème fraîche dolloped on top. and baking soda. Stir in the boiling water. Let medium heat, combine the sugar, pumpkin sit for 10 minutes or until cool. Note: If your ramekins hold less than 1 cup (8 puree, heavy cream and salt. Bring to a ounces) each, you can divide the batter among 3. Whisk in pumpkin purée, brown sugar, simmer, then remove from the heat. Whisk in 3 or 4 of them and reduce the baking time. This cinnamon, cardamon, cloves and fine sea salt the butter, and bourbon (if using). If the sauce recipe makes two very substantial servings, until well combined, then whisk in the flour. separates, use an immersion or regular blender with leftovers. You can also double or triple the 4. Scrape batter into the prepared ramekins to blend it together. recipe. If doubling, bake in an 8-inch pan; if and bake until just firm when pressed in the 6. Just before serving, heat the broiler. Pour a tripling, use a 9-inch pan. If you make any of center, 28 to 35 minutes. Transfer to a rack little of the sauce over each pudding. Broil until these adjustments, start checking for doneness until ready to serve. (Pudding can be baked up the puddings bubble, 1 to 2 minutes. Sprinkle after 20 minutes. to 8 hours ahead.) tops with flaky sea salt, and serve at once, with D8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Two Birds, One Message: Simple Is Best

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1 chicken. And I suspect I’m not the only one who feels that way. But the fact of the matter is that it’s a different bird! And it has completely different qualities. So let’s stop wishing our turkeys could be chickens, and let’s stop making ourselves unnecessarily miserable by complicating the cooking process. When it comes to turkey, simpler is better. While I’ve finally, grudgingly, admitted that turkey isn’t chicken, it has occurred to me that I might be able to adapt my favorite roast chicken recipe for Thanksgiving. Three years ago, I published a recipe for three-ingredient, buttermilk-brined roast chicken in my book, “Salt, Fat, Acid, Heat.” It’s now among the most beloved of my recipes, and every November, people reach out to ask if they can apply the technique to their holiday turkey. I’ve always answered hesitantly — not having tested it, I wasn’t sure that the skin wouldn’t grow too dark with the longer cooking time, or that the seasoning would be balanced. This year, I figured it was time to try it out for myself. I set about tinkering, and the first thing I changed was timing. The chicken takes a simple overnight dip in the buttermilk, but a turkey weighs three times as much as a chicken, so it needs to spend a full 48 hours in the brine to ensure that the meat is tender and properly seasoned throughout. Next, the salt. Unlike the original chicken recipe, which leaves things to chance, I decided to specify the turkey brine’s ideal salinity — no one wants a bland holiday bird. But I’m a pragmatist, and I know that we’re not all using the same type of salt. I also know that different salts have different levels of salinity by volume, but not by weight. So I encourage you to use a scale to measure out your salt to ensure a balanced brine. It’s just about the trickiest part of the recipe, PHOTOGRAPHS BY ROMULO YANES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: VIVIAN LUI. and I promise you won’t regret it. The last and most obvious change was opposing pressure. without being obsessive, discarding buttermilk. BUTTERMILK-BRINED my decision to spatchcock the turkey. By re- 2. After removing the backbone, remove Set the turkey on a rimmed baking sheet and moving its backbone and flattening it out, I ROAST TURKEY wingtips, neck and giblets, setting them all bring it to room temperature. cut the cooking time by more than half. While in the chicken recipe, the lactose in TIME: 2 HOURS, PLUS 48 HOURS’ BRINING aside for stock and gravy. 6. Position a rack in the upper third of the oven YIELD: 10 TO 14 SERVINGS the buttermilk contributes to perfectly gold- 3. Turn turkey over so breast faces up. Splay and heat to 400 degrees. Transfer turkey, breast-side up, to another rimmed baking sheet en-brown skin, I’d worried that a turkey’s 1 (10- to 14-pound) turkey out its legs and press hard on breastbone until lined with a wire rack or parchment paper. Tuck significantly longer cooking time might 3 quarts buttermilk you hear the cartilage pop and the bird lies yield a blackened bird. thighs inward. 128 grams fine sea salt (about 7 completely flat. Spatchcocking put an end to that fear. Furthermore, laying the bird out flat means tablespoons) 4. Place a 2-gallon resealable bag in a large 7. Place baking sheet on the prepared oven there’s greater surface area for browning — bowl, stock pot or sink. Pour buttermilk and salt rack and roast the turkey, occasionally rotating more of that dark, lacquered skin for every- 1. Two to three days before you plan to cook, in bag and stir to dissolve salt. Place turkey in the pan 180 degrees, until an instant-read one. spatchcock the turkey: Put the turkey on a bag and seal carefully, expelling out air. thermometer inserted into the deepest part of An unexpected boon of spatchcocking is stable cutting board, breast-side down, and use Double-bag the turkey as needed to prevent the breast registers 150 degrees and the how beautifully it streamlines the entire heavy-duty kitchen shears to snip along both thickest part of the thigh without touching bone brining process: Without a backbone, the leakage, then squish the inner bag to distribute sides of the backbone to release it. You can buttermilk all around the turkey. Place it on a registers 165 degrees, about 80 to 100 turkey can just be folded in half and slipped minutes, depending on size. (You may want to into a two-gallon zipper-top plastic bag con- start from the tail or neck end, whichever you rimmed baking sheet and refrigerate for 48 taining the buttermilk and salt. There’s no prefer; just keep the blades of the scissors as hours. Turn the bag every 12 hours so that tent the breast or other hot spots with unwieldy pot or bowl taking up all of your close to the spine as possible. It helps to work every part of the turkey gets marinated. aluminum foil, if darkening too quickly.) refrigerator space. Just slip the bag in wher- incrementally, snipping a little on one side, 5. Three hours before you plan to start cooking, 8. Transfer turkey to a cutting board or platter ever it fits, turn it two or three times a day, then a little on the other, rather than and allow to rest at least 20 minutes before and that’s it. Simplicity is everything here. remove the turkey from the plastic bag and completing one side entirely and then doing the carving. This year will require something differ- second side without the advantage of the scrape off as much buttermilk as you can ent of many of us, whether that means gathering in smaller groups, eating alone on a Zoom call or forgoing some of our usual Thanksgiving comforts. So I’m offering every part of the chicken gets marinated, but three versions of this recipe, for whatever that’s not essential. your holiday entails: the spatchcocked whole turkey; a brined breast, for those 4. Pull the chicken from the fridge an hour who want turkey for four to six people; and before you plan to cook it. Heat the oven to the classic buttermilk chicken, for those 425 degrees with a rack set in the center who may not want or be able to manage a position. turkey. All of the variations yield incredibly 5. Remove the chicken from the plastic bag tender meat that’s seasoned through and and scrape off as much buttermilk as you can through, enveloped in that showstopping without being obsessive. Tightly tie together caramel-brown skin that’s such a pleasure the legs with a piece of butcher’s twine. Place to eat. And they’re all utterly simple and the chicken in a 10-inch cast-iron skillet or a satisfying. In a year full of so many other shallow roasting pan. complications, let your holiday bird be stress-free. 6. Slide the pan all the way to the back of the oven on the center rack. Rotate the pan so that the legs are pointing toward the rear left corner and the breast is pointing toward the center of the oven. (The back corners tend to be the BUTTERMILK-BRINED hottest spots in the oven, so this orientation ROAST CHICKEN protects the breast from overcooking before the legs are done.) Pretty quickly you should ADAPTED FROM "SALT, FAT, ACID, HEAT" BY SAMIN hear the chicken sizzling. NOSRAT (SIMON & SCHUSTER, 2017) TIME: ABOUT 1¾ HOURS, PLUS OVERNIGHT 7. After about 20 minutes, when the chicken MARINATING starts to brown, reduce the heat to 400 YIELD: 4 SERVINGS degrees and continue roasting for 10 minutes. 1 chicken, 3½ to 4 pounds 8. Move the pan so the legs are facing the rear Kosher salt or fine sea salt right corner of the oven. Continue cooking for 2 cups buttermilk another 30 minutes or so, until the chicken is brown all over and the juices run clear when 1. The day before you want to cook the 2. Stir 2 tablespoons kosher salt or 4 bags to prevent leaks and tie the bag with you insert a knife down to the bone between chicken, remove the wingtips by cutting teaspoons fine sea salt into the buttermilk to twine.) the leg and the thigh. If the skin is getting too through the first wing joint with poultry shears dissolve. Place the chicken in a gallon-size 3. Seal the bag, squish the buttermilk all brown before it is cooked through, use a foil or a sharp knife. Reserve for stock. Season resealable plastic bag and pour in the around the chicken, place on a rimmed plate, tent. Remove it to a platter and let it rest for 10 chicken generously with salt and let it sit for 30 buttermilk. (If the chicken won’t fit in a and refrigerate for 12 to 24 hours. If you’re so minutes before carving and serving. minutes. gallon-size bag, double up 2 plastic produce inclined, you can turn the bag periodically so

set the breast on a rimmed plate and bring it to BUTTERMILK-BRINED room temperature. TURKEY BREAST 3. Position a rack in the upper third of the oven TIME: 1 HOUR, PLUS 24 TO 36 HOURS’ BRINING and heat to 425 degrees. Place breast YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS skin-side up on a rimmed baking sheet lined with a wire rack or parchment paper. 2 cups buttermilk 33 grams fine sea salt (2 tablespoons) 4. Place baking sheet on the prepared oven 1 half turkey breast (about 2½ pounds), rack and roast the turkey until an instant-read on or off the bone thermometer inserted into the deepest part of the breast without touching bone registers 150 1. One to two days before you plan to cook, degrees, about 40 minutes for a boneless place buttermilk and salt in a gallon-size breast or 50 minutes for a bone-in breast. (You resealable plastic bag and stir to dissolve salt. may want to tent the breast with aluminum foil Place turkey breast in the bag and seal if it’s darkening too quickly.) carefully, expelling the air. Squish the bag to 5. Transfer turkey to a cutting board or platter distribute buttermilk all around the turkey, and allow to rest at least 15 minutes before place on a rimmed plate, and refrigerate for 24 carving. to 36 hours. If you’re so inclined, you can turn the bag periodically so every part of the turkey gets marinated, but that’s not essential. 2. Two hours before you plan to start cooking, remove the turkey from the plastic bag and scrape off as much buttermilk as you can without being obsessive. Discard buttermilk, THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020 N D9

CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK PETE WELLS Reconstructed Asian Dishes Defy Clichés

The chef Simone Tong applies SILVER APRICOT her international sensibility. 20 CORNELIA STREET (WEST FOURTH STREET), GREENWICH VILLAGE; 929-367-8664; SILVERAPRICOT.NYC IN THE BACKYARD of the new Greenwich Vil- lage restaurant Silver Apricot are a few ta- ...... bles, about a dozen chairs, plexiglass parti- tions to separate them, a couple of patio um- Recommended Scallion puffs; kanpachi crudo; brellas and two heaters, one of them a simu- honeynut squash wontons; brussels sprouts; lacrum of a cast-iron wood stove with a Binchotan grilled prawns; Chinese pulled pork; window through which you can watch the crispy top fried rice. embers flicker electronically. The yard is Drinks and Wine The wines are generally from enclosed by a fence left behind by the last small producers, including Sandhi, Cruse, Lit- restaurant to occupy this address on Cor- torai and other leaders of the leaner and wonkier nelia Street. Iron letters affixed to the pick- New California style. A few are made outside the ets spell out its name, or most of it: H-O-M. state, but all are from the United States, as are The E at the end seems to have been lost. the ciders, sakes and beers. Home and Silver Apricot share more than a fence and an address. When David Page Price $10 to $28. and Barbara Shinn founded Home in 1993, Open Wednesday to Sunday for dinner. they applied the sensibilities of a small, laid- Reservations Accepted back, bistrolike, chef-owned farm-to-table restaurant to American home cooking. For Wheelchair Access The dining room and acces- Mr. Page and Ms. Shinn, this meant recon- sible restroom are one very short step up from figuring the puddings and potato salads the sidewalk level. they used to eat in the Midwest. What the Stars Mean Because of the pandemic, This is not too far from what Simone restaurants are not being given star ratings. Tong, Silver Apricot’s chef and one of its owners, does. I’ll admit though, that the parallel may not be the first thing that strikes you when you are smearing green scallion butter on a warm, snail-shaped puff of flaky pastry that looks like a miniature PHOTOGRAPHS BY EMON HASSAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

raisin danish if the spiral of raisins were re- Top, the chef Simone placed by zha jiang, the savory brown sauce Tong, left, and Emmeline that in northern China is ladled over bowls Zhao, one of her business of noodles by the millions. partners, at Silver The picture will probably not get much Apricot in Manhattan. lyzed them, broken them down and then rein sesame oil and ringed by Romanesco clearer when you follow this with a pliant Clockwise from above built them with her own sensibility; be- cones that stand up like Christmas trees. wedge of Brie-like cheese from Vermont left: scallion puffs with cause she’s grappled with what makes the The synthesis of Chinese ideas and the called Moses Sleeper and a vinegared pickled vegetables; original work, the Chinese elements she Hudson Valley farm-to-table movement is ivory-green button of immature strawberry outdoor seating at the brings into play seem organically woven the basis of almost everything Ms. Tong from a seasonal pickle plate, both sug- restaurant; Binchotan into her version. makes at Silver Apricot. It also plants her gested by the menu as companions for the grilled prawns; Chinese Her take on the Caesar doesn’t rely on firmly in a New York tradition of Chinese- scallion puffs. But home cooking, like home BBQ pulled pork; and hosing down half a head of lettuce with American chefs that extends back to Anita itself, can be a complicated notion. florets and mushrooms. creamy dressing and strafing it with grated Lo, at least, and runs through Thomas Chen Ms. Tong was born in China, in the cheese. The dressing isn’t creamy at all. It at Tuome, Joe Ng of RedFarm and Jonathan Sichuan city of Chengdu, and lived there for starts with oyster sauce, that classic condi- Wu of the late and lamented Fung Tu. the first years of her life. Then she moved ment for Chinese greens. In place of ancho- When Silver Apricot opened, in July, it around Asia — to Hong Kong, Macau, Bei- vies, Ms. Tong stirs in a purée of fried dace, started with just takeout and delivery. Even jing, Shenzhen and Singapore — and Aus- a canned fish that she used to eat with con- once outdoor dining began, the menu kept tralia as her parents chased dreams of en- gee in Hong Kong and Macau. As this dark evolving. trepreneurial success. For the past decade, Blending Chinese and savory sauce works its way into the Two meals a month apart suggested that she has lived in New York. In 2017, after ideas with the warm folds of lettuce, she hits the surface Ms. Tong is zeroing in on something. A cooking in restaurants run by Wylie with sesame seeds and toasted chips of gar- smoked pork shoulder that threads togeth- Dufresne, an idol of hers, she opened her farm-to-table lic. It sounds like too much. It isn’t. er Chinese and American ideas about bar- own place, Little Tong Noodle Shop. movement. Her caramelized brussels sprouts are, to duck eggs, it is the perfect partner for the becue was unnervingly sweet in September. As you eat your way across the dozen or begin, neither too crunchy nor too soft, and squash, while also tasting like a mountain By October, it had shrugged off its ketchupy so items on Silver Apricot’s menu, it be- their chile-spiked maple glaze is not too cheese that was aged inside a running shoe. quality and become terrifically appealing. comes clear that Ms. Tong has taken what sweet, and whenever you start to remem- Ms. Tong and Emmeline Zhao, one of her Ms. Zhao, the general manager, assem- she learned from New York’s restaurant ber that brussels sprouts are really just un- business partners, closed the original Little bled the wine list. It is a much more serious culture and added it to what she already dergrown cabbages you bite into one of the Tong and its twin in Midtown this year. But undertaking than her list at Little Tong, knew about Chinese cooking. Her cooking thin, crisp dimes of fried Chinese sausage the restaurants contained the seeds from which more or less reached its zenith with a feels personal and autobiographical. that Ms. Tong has thrown into the pan. which their new restaurant grew. In it early sake packaged in a glass decorated with At times, you may wonder whether Ms. There is a stab at crab Rangoon that tries days, Little Tong Noodle Shops drew lines pandas. All the alcohol at Silver Apricot is Tong has learned the customs of her too hard; although the peekytoe crab Ms. for Ms. Tong’s bowls of mixian, the long, produced in the United States, with a num- adopted city a little too well. Charred ro- Tong employs is much better than the imita- slender rice noodles eaten by the yard in the ber of wines from Cruse, Sandhi and other maine with a Caesar-ish dressing, cara- tion crab that the old tiki huts used to favor, Chinese province of Yunnan. One patch of leaders of the leaner, less interventionist, melized brussels sprouts, kanpachi crudo it’s not clear that turning the molten filling the menu looked in another direction, more ecologically gentle style that has and other small-plates tropes of the past into a chilled, spiced cream cheese dip for though. Called Little Eats, it was an evolv- come out of California over the past decade. few years proceed across the menu as pre- fried wonton chips improves on the original. ing roster of side dishes in which Ms. Tong Is it reading too deeply into the list to see dictably as the corgis trotting down the pal- Anyway, Ms. Tong has found a higher evoked Yunnan with local produce, the the legacy of Ms. Shinn and Mr. Page, who ace halls in “The Crown.” purpose for wontons: stuffing them with same stuff that would have been on sale at eventually sold Home and became pioneers What rescues all these dishes from cliché, whipped honeynut squash, then boiling the Union Square Greenmarket that week. of sustainable American winemaking on though, is that Ms. Tong takes them as seri- them. On their own, they are sweet enough From the stir-fried fiddleheads and the East End of Long Island? The winery ously as if they were classics. She has ana- to pass as dessert, but nobody who has spruce tips she served when that Little they built, Shinn Estate Vineyards, isn’t on tasted the sauce Ms. Tong serves them in Tong opened, it’s not a giant leap to Silver the list. But they sold it some time ago. As I EMAIL [email protected]. will commit that mistake. Made from cured Apricot’s stir-fry of mushrooms marinated said, home is a complicated concept.

OFF THE MENU FLORENCE FABRICANT

HEADLINER Mark’s Off Madison bar, featuring natural wines se- and the pork is braised and sea- The chef Mark Strausman was on the verge of opening his own restau- lected by Ms. Greening, a master soned with Korean pepper aioli. rant in the former A Voce space at Madison Square Park when the sommelier, and small plates like In partnership with Kevin Shin, pandemic struck. Plans were not just delayed; they were adjusted to chicken liver pâté. Starting in the restaurant offers the sand- accommodate required safety protocols and to adapt to what Mr. December, a more formal dining wiches to stay (limited seating) Strausman (right) saw as long-term changes restaurants would have room, the Back Room at Winona’s, or to go (or for delivery): 191 to make. Greater emphasis was placed on the spacious outdoor ter- will offer prix fixe dinners Thurs- Knickerbocker Avenue (Jefferson race, with partial enclosures and heaters to permit dining in colder days, Fridays and Saturdays. Street), Bushwick, Brooklyn, weather. Inside, the bar will not be available for seating but will display (Thursday): 676 Flushing Avenue 929-295-6644, kingwangs.com. retail baked goods, including Mr. Strausman’s bagels, baked in-house (Tompkins Avenue), South Mottley Kitchenette Espresso and made popular during his many years as the executive chef for Williamsburg, Brooklyn, 718-388- Bar and Cafe An offshoot of the Fred’s at Barneys. Touch-free systems for ordering and paying are in 4900, winonasbk.com. caterer Kat Creech’s handsome place. An airy room, done in pale wood tones, is divided into two areas Side Door This gastro pub with cafe and restaurant, Mottley with seating for a total of 26 at the moment. Part of the kitchen is set an extensive array of creative Kitchen, this spot nearby will aside for takeout and delivery. “It’s probably going to make up almost burgers, flatbreads with assorted serve breakfast and lunch, like half of our business from what I can see,” he said. “This winter, it will toppings, and an international the original. (Friday): 2430 Third be the norm.” The menu lists what Mr. Strausman calls his “greatest roster of sandwiches including Avenue (East 134th Street), Mott hits,” including Estelle’s chicken soup, lasagna della nonna, sautéed banh mi and an Israeli sabich, Haven, Bronx, 505-803-4815, chicken livers, smoked fish platters and coffee cake for brunch. At JOSHUA BRIGHT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES combines sports bar features (a mottleykitchenette.com. dinner, he’s also serving slow-roasted chicken in the style of Nanni Il bank of TV screens) with wine Sant Ambroeus Coffee Bar at Valetto in honor of Luigi Nanni’s Upper East Side restaurant. (Opens ond Avenue), 212-287-0107, 25 percent capacity. There are 30 bar elements (vintage mirrors). Monday): 41 Madison Avenue (26th Street), 646-838-8300, jspec-ny.com. seats outdoors. (Thursday): 505 Brookfield Place This group of The executive chef, Dan Nis- Milanese-style cafes and restau- marksoffmadison.com. Tasca The multilevel space that Columbus Avenue (84th Street), torescu, was at Parker & Quinn. 212-362-2211, tasca-nyc.com. rants has opened a financial was Kefi is now this Latin-Carib- (Wednesday): 151 East 57th district outpost, selling an array bean-Spanish restaurant with the Winona’s Cressida Greening, Street, 646-422-7660, sidedoornyc of coffee-based drinks and more. OPENING closed because of the pandemic, chef Rufino Peralta in the kitchen. from England, worked at the .com. The menu includes alcoholic so the distributor decided to open Expect sancochito, a Caribbean Breslin before opening her own King Wang’s American classics beverages, pastries, sandwiches J-Spec The specialty here, in the its own restaurant. The versatility seafood and vegetable soup; catering company. Now, with her space that was Jewel Bako, is like a fried chicken sandwich, and gelato. An adjoining restau- of Wagyu is apparent, in hand cassava-crusted scallops with husband, Emir Dupeyron, run- pulled pork on a bun, and cheese- rant is in the works: Brookfield Wagyu beef from different re- rolls, sliders, teppan-grilled cuts sherry vinaigrette; and paella for ning the restaurant, she’s ready to gions of Japan. The owner, Tomoe steak take advantage of the Asian Place, 200 Vesey Street (West (sold by weight), rice and noodle two. The restaurant, accented serve breakfast, with dishes like larder in the hands of Tom Wang, Street), 212-732-0907, Food Services, is a New York- dishes, and sukiyaki dishes. There with tropical foliage, includes a smoked salmon tartine, and based distributor of imported who worked at Danji and for santambroeus.com. is seating outside, and socially main dining room, a bar area in lunch, with lamb meatballs, ...... Japanese beef. Its business was Daniel Boulud. The fried chicken distanced tables inside. (Wednes- the front and a wine room with a among other dishes. After 5 p.m., is garnished with Sichuan slaw, More restaurant news is online suffering, with many of its clients day): 239 East Fifth Street (Sec- fireplace, seating a total of 65 at the restaurant becomes a wine at nytimes.com/food. D10 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2020

Was There Ever a Battle So Sweet?

As Diwali nears, trying to alter Indians’ taste in chocolate.

By PRIYA KRISHNA In India, few foreign confections have been more eagerly embraced than chocolate — and no brand defines this affinity more than Cadbury. “Cadbury is in our blood,” said L. Nitin Chordia, who runs a small chocolate company, Kocoatrait, in Chennai with his wife, Poonam. “It is a completely Indian product to us.” First imported to the country by the British during colonization, chocolate — most of it milk chocolate — is now a daily habit for one in five Indians, said a 2019 report by the market-research company Mintel. And one brand, Cadbury, accounts for two-thirds of all sales, according to 2019 data from Nielsen. Cadbury does particularly brisk business around Diwali, the festival of lights celebrated across South Asia (Saturday this year), when it has become popular to give chocolate instead of just mithai, traditional Indian sweets. This brand loyalty endures even among members of the Indian diaspora, like Rajani Konkipudi, 47, who grew up in Visakhapat- nam, in Andhra Pradesh, and now lives in the Detroit area. Her father used to bring back Cadbury fruit-and-nut bars — rich, silky-smooth and studded with raisins and almonds — from work trips to Birmingham, England, where the company was founded. In 2005, she visited Cadbury’s factory in Birmingham to make, as she called it, the “holy pilgrimage.” A decade later, she is one of several smaller competitors seeking to challenge the dominance of Cadbury, and of milk choco- EMILY ELCONIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES late in general, among Indians. Ms. Konkipudi’s business, Dwaar Choco- late, in East Township, Mich., sells small- batch chocolate that is a far cry from her corporate rival’s. Her cacao beans come from family-run farms in Ecuador and In- dia, and wind up in cardamom- and pistachio-speckled bars meant to mimic the taste of pistachio kulfi, or truffles inspired by paan, a crunchy, sharply flavored after-dinner snack in which she replaces betel nuts with cocoa nibs. Her customer base is diverse, but she is focused on the Indian diaspora, hoping to inspire a greater appreciation for bitter, dark chocolate and an interest in supporting independent businesses, like hers, that oversee every step of the chocolate-making process, and produce their bars in small batches, using ethical practices. In India and abroad, more Indians are

Top, the Hindu god Ganesh, rendered in dark ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES chocolate by Dwaar

Chocolate. Above, from EMILY ELCONIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES left: Anil Viswanathan of Mondelez India; the raw goods; Rajani Konkipudi, who owns Dwaar. Center, from left: L. Nitin Chordia, who runs a small chocolate company; Surbhi Sahni, who owns Tagmo Treats; Elliott Curelop, far right, and Harshit Gupta, founders of Madhu Chocolate. Below left, Alak Vasa, a founder of Elements Truffles. Below, a Cadbury grid. Bottom, traditional

PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES sweets. getting into the chocolate business, hoping to capitalize on the treat’s popularity. Their biggest challenge isn’t financing or distribution, but the enduring nostalgia throughout India and the diaspora for Cadbury. BRITTAINY NEWMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

AFTER INDIA WON independence in 1947, Cadbury permanently set up shop in the SARAH KARLAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES country. Other European chocolate brands — Ferrero Rocher, Lindt, Godiva — would Curelop added, “the onus is on us to educate win fans in subsequent decades. But their people” about the ethics of chocolate mak- products were seen as luxurious imports. ing, and to explain that “everything costs a “Chocolate was considered a rich-man’s lot more because the people down the line gift, a status symbol,” Ms. Konkipudi said. are getting what they should be making.” Cadbury found success by doing the op- Surbhi Sahni, 45, who owns Tagmo posite: framing the brand as part of Indian Treats, in Yonkers, N.Y., draws a young, culture and marketing its chocolates as an savvy crowd for her chocolate-coated besan alternative to mithai. Today, Cadbury bars ladoos and kaju katli. About 40 to 50 percent are ubiquitous, priced as low as five rupees of annual sales occur during Diwali. (less than 10 cents) and available in 2.5 mil- She believes that Cadbury chocolates will lion stores. Like mithai, a broad category of lose relevance among younger Indians. “I milk- and nut-based confections that are ex- don’t see us going to buy Cadbury for giving changed during any festivity — weddings, ‘Cadbury is in our gifts for Diwali,” she said. “I see us buying graduations and especially holidays like Di- locally and supporting smaller companies.” wali — Cadbury’s prime offerings are very blood. It is a completely Indian In India, Hill Wild and Kocoatrait have sweet, heavy on dairy, and often include been joined by a growing number of inde- . nuts and fruits The company formalized product to us.’ pendent chocolate businesses, including this connection in 2003, introducing the slo- Soklet and Mason & Company, that offer gan “Kuch meetha ho jaaye” (“Let’s have dark chocolate and heavily tout their sus- something sweet” in Hindi). A year later, tainable-farming methods. BRYAN ANSELM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES sales had grown tenfold. Recognizing this rise in environmental “Overnight, people understood that choc- consciousness — particularly among Gen- olate could be something that was for a cele- accounted for high-quality beans and fair band, Leiyolan Vashum, in Ukhrul, Mani- eration Z, Mr. Viswanathan said — Cadbury bration; that really unlocked the way we compensation for farmworkers in Ecuador, pur. She channels those flavors by incorpo- refocused its marketing starting in 2018 to told stories,” said Anil Viswanathan, the where her beans are grown. rating locally harvested sesame and perilla emphasize its relationship with cocoa farm- senior director of chocolate marketing for Ms. Vasa discovered that the most suc- seeds, plum and wild apple in her bars. ers and its efforts to raise their income and Mondelez India. (Mondelez International is cessful way to woo this audience was to in- train them in sustainable cocoa cultivation. Cadbury’s parent company; in the United corporate flavors familiar to Indians like WITH DIWALI APPROACHING, some of these Mr. Chordia, of Kocoatrait, said Cad- States, the Hershey Company has a licens- rose and cardamom — essentially counter- companies are hoping to build on the mo- bury’s flavors are too ingrained in the Indi- ing agreement to manufacture Cadbury’s ing people’s fond memories of Cadbury with mentum generated by Cadbury for giving an consciousness for any company to chocolate, using a different recipe than that other tastes they loved. chocolate during cultural festivities, but change those preferences completely. Even used overseas.) Madhu Chocolate, started by Elliott with a new generation of South Asians. Cadbury has struggled to get customers to Growing up in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, Alak Curelop and Harshit Gupta in 2018 in Last year, the Madhu partners — Mr. branch out. In 2008, it introduced a dark- Vasa, who owns Elements Truffles in Union Austin, Texas, has adopted a similar strat- Curelop, 35, and Mr. Gupta, 34 — put out a chocolate bar, Bournville, whose sales, Mr. City, N.J., used to make frequent trips to the egy; its most popular offering is a masala Diwali box almost as an afterthought. It Viswanathan said, paled in comparison to store with her grandfather to buy Cadbury chai dark-chocolate bar whose mild sweet- sold out so quickly that this year, they are its sweeter milk-chocolate counterparts. chocolate. She founded Elements in 2015 ness is tempered with heady ginger and producing 25 times as many boxes, featur- Mr. Chordia recalled an ill-fated attempt with her husband, Kushal Choksi, seeking clove. “When we talk about masala chai, ing chocolates mixed with India-grown co- to give his older cousins in Mumbai a box of to emphasize the health benefits of dark people are like, ‘This is how my mom makes conut and black pepper, and packaging Kocoatrait’s dark chocolates last Diwali. chocolate and make sweets free of refined chai,’” Mr. Gupta said. adorned with a folksy, jewel-toned illustra- “They were wondering why there is not sugar, as a wholesome alternative to mass- Mr. Curelop added, “You are going up tion of a peacock, India’s national bird. enough sweetness in the chocolate,” he said. market brands. against people’s emotions at the end.” Young South Asian-Americans, who “If it is not sweet, you would never get any But when Ms. Vasa, 43, hosted an early The wide consumption of dried fruits and make up half of Madhu’s customers, are a appreciation of the gift.” tasting for friends and family in Ah- nuts in India — and the cult popularity of big market for these boxes. They don’t have “Products that are sugary and creamy, medabad, many said her dark chocolates Cadbury’s fruit-and-nut bar — informs as deep an attachment to Cadbury as their that is what will always be the majority in were too bitter. Some were also surprised Zeinorin Stephen’s offerings at Hill Wild, a elders, Mr. Gupta said. India,” he added. “You cannot undo the that a bar cost $7 — even though that price company she founded in 2017 with her hus- If the flavors can draw people in, Mr. work of the last century.”