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Exam examinations: unified state examination 10 years

5 life hacks to prepare for the exam in English In Russia the law on the exam marks 10 years, but the concept of the exam much longer. First experiences with the implementation of a unified examination date back to 1997. Then, some schools have started testing according to the methodology of the exam. The tests were rather crude, but conceptualized. Ideologist of the introduction of the exam was the current rector of PFUR Vladimir Filippov and former Minister of education of the Russian Federation (Filippov also actively advocated the accession of Russia to the Bologna system of education). In an interview with TASS Filippov said:

The idea (use) belongs to all our educational community. In the obvious form it was first put forward at the Congress of education workers in the Kremlin in early January 2000. Vladimir Filippov A year after the Congress in the Kremlin, in 2001, the experiment with the exam was conducted in the republics of , , Yakutia, Samara and Rostov regions. The students passed examinations in Russian language, , , , , , and social studies. In those days, the results of a single is not mandatory for admission to the University. But this changed in 2009, when the exam became compulsory. Today the exam is conducted for 18 subjects and is compulsory for all applicants to higher educational institutions. (source: greenmama.ru) Tested courses to prepare for the exam and the OGE In subsequent years, the list of regions, conducting exam, grew along with the number of participating pilot graduates. In practice, tested technology of data collection and processing, were training, and most importantly — developed public debate on the question of the exam. Foreign experience

On the territory of the former USSR exams like exam are not something unique. Similar exams exist in Ukraine (EIT independent External evaluation), Kazakhstan (UNT — Unified national testing), Belarus (Centralized testing) and Azerbaijan (TQDK — the state Commission on student admission). All of these systems are not identical, differ in small and large details, but in principle solve the same task — to bring schooling to more or less the same standard and to enable all high school graduates to enroll in those to which they wish regardless of distance, money and personal interest are involved in the admission of persons. 9 useful YouTube channels to prepare for the exam Abroad, one of the most durable and advanced test certification of systems used in the USA. American colleges and universities take the following common types of examinations: SAT (Scholastic Achievement Test) is launched in 1926,prepared by the pedagogical testing service ETS (Educational Testing Service — 1947) and the Committee on the colleges ( Board — 1899), and the test ACT (American College Testing) — 1959. Remnants of the Soviet system and the prerequisites for implementation

The Russian education system is very much inherited from the Soviet era. Exams was one of the sick issues of the educational system. Corruption (for example, purchase of medical certificates to obtain preferential status of the applicant), the inability to go to College to children from remote areas, lack of uniform admission standards that turned the universities into "a state within a state" with its own rules and procedures of admission. Now, all universities have a list of items and points that need to recruit the applicant. Take the right amount you're. (source: medicinform.net) Previously, the student had to pass two tests: one final examination in all school subjects, and the second entrance in the University. It is worth saying that today, some universities with a special status (e.g. St. Petersburg state University and Moscow state University), and creative universities (various art and theatre) has retained its special introductory competitions. According to the former Minister of education of Russia Vladimir Filippov, the introduction of the exam was due to two large issues that remained from Soviet times: "first, we needed an objective mechanism to evaluate the performance of graduates of the school, because the exam in high school, usually the same teacher who taught, and exhibited the rating on the exams — that is actually himself, so the two were extremely rare. Second, was the problem with the universities, which imposes different requirements for the applicants for the same specialty, who sometimes even surpassed the level of the school curriculum. Another problem was the fact that for the inhabitants of Siberia and the Far East, for example, because of distance and money, it was difficult to come to another city to apply to the University. Especially considering the fact that each of them had their own paid training courses, graduates which has always been much easier to go". (source: vse-frazi.ru) Such conditions have created the conditions for the modernization of the graduation certification form and bring it to a uniform pattern. Filippov and his followers did a lot for this. Through their work to pupils from distant villages, towns and settlements in Siberia, the far East or in the Northern Urals is now no need to spend huge money on travelling to the places of entrance exams in the Central universities. Thanks exam can only send copies of examination results by mail and enjoy the warm summer. This opportunity is priceless, because now people are more likely to take advantage of educational social mobility. Thanks to a study at the University recent graduates have the opportunity to begin to live in a big city and to reach their potential. Resistance

The education community is split on the question of the implementation of the exam. Existed (and still exist) large groups of teachers, parents, students and pupils, who understand all the pros and cons of the exam, but still in favor. And there are those who are against. So, opponents of the exam are University professors, because they used to do tutoring and to prepare children specifically in your University. Before University Tutors preparing graduates solely for exams in St. Petersburg state University, ITMO teachers trained in ITMO and so on. The exam showed General requirements, destroying the old system, and many University professors have lost their additional income. "In turn, the rectors were against it, because with his entrance exams to decide who to take, who not," says Vladimir Filippov. The pros and cons of the exam

The exam allows you to compare the quality of schooling in different parts of the country. However, as with any complex system, the exam is not ideal. The exam large number of disadvantages, which are often the mirror image of his advantages. (source: pikabu.ru) For example, one of the declared advantages of the exam is that the exam provides an absolute transparency, which guarantees to all graduates of the General conditions. The cheating is almost impossible — in the classroom is being monitored constantly, at the slightest sign of cheating or use of mobile student is sent to retake them, and his job is canceled. But as they say, the hackers in any security system the weakest link is people. Because of this, the conditions for students are not equal. Somewhere control can be very tough, but somewhere there. Somewhere for students openly can solve the teacher, as it happens in small villages, for example. The author of this text went to University with a guy from a distant village in Buryatia, whose parents work at a local school. It so happened that they had the exam for my son. In this context, it is difficult to say that the quality of knowledge of rural graduates can objectively compete, for example, with the Central schools. But the question of objectivity in General very difficult. (source: livejournal.com) For many years a school teacher worked in the same paradigm, and the exam changed. Here we see how the mass-oriented Soviet school tradition meets with the exam that is designed to teach new. As a result, the exam is prepared on the basis of old models, which negatively affects the quality of knowledge. Probably fix it it can only a new generation of teachers. Implementation difficulties of the exam

The exam prevents a number of factors. In the first place — the very Patriotic school tradition. Teachers and students have come under severe pressure. From the results of the exam depends on the prestige of the school and the loyalty of officials from the local Ministry of education. Is not the process of learning and the pursuit of numbers and targets. Children are under constant pressure. Ideally, the exam should develop responsibility for themselves and for their lives, but in practice it turns out that the student is responsible for school, for teachers, for the region. And responsibility for themselves among the lost. The school is not saying that after the exam does not end life, it is possible to try again. For the students the exam is like a fairytale that ends with "they lived happily ever after". After the exam though temporary collapse occurs. For Teens that are in the process of identity formation, this is a very serious stress, which not many can handle. In the is the word "overcare" that can be translated as "Hyper". But only in the Russian school of Hyper this turns into a vicious circle where a student acts as a tool to achieve quantitative indicators. In addition to bureaucracy and corruption the effective functioning of the exam interfere with other factors. For example, the inadequacy of textbooks, the knowledge, which makes the exam. But it is rather not a problem of a single exam. The exam complies with the Federal standards of education, but the textbooks... In Russia there are plenty of tutorials on many subjects (history, social studies, etc.), which may computer programming help not coincide with each other. The knowledge that students do not learn in the classroom, must be obtained from a tutor or in special courses. Make money as school teachers and University professors — until the system finds equilibrium itself. Although this is absurd, because ideally the exam should be put in the assimilation of the school program lessons. (source: pikabu.ru) The problem of teaching materials is compounded by the General discourse regarding the quality of knowledge acquired by students. The concept of the exam assumes that all graduates need the same knowledge for exams, but as we can see from the example above, this is still a problem. For example, in 2009, the journalism faculty of Moscow state University conducted a dictation test among freshmen, who yesterday was taking the exam. Dictation showed that of the 200 first-year students, only 40 people have made at least eight errors per page of text, the rest was made up to 25 errors. Moreover, serious mistakes were noticed even among those who passed the exam on 100 points. But there is another problem that lies much deeper. Students from distant settlements, only formally are in the same position before the city, because in the Siberian village difficult to find a qualified tutor in social studies or science. Thus, "stabellini" from a remote village is likely to lose in the knowledge of the average urban graduate. The quality of knowledge

How to be real knowledge? The exam helped to improve them? Helped children to become smarter? A difficult question. At University, I interned at one of the best humanitarian schools of the city of Ulan-Ude. Two months I taught English at the . Children of the nearly confusing of the graduating class of Gorbachev and Brezhnev, I don't know what year adopted the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In General, their knowledge about society practically do not go beyond the everyday perception. It's not bad, but means that the bad education gives a broad knowledge about the world. Large concepts such as civil society, individualism, humanism, Yes even communism for many of these children often inaccessible and uninteresting. It's sad, because such knowledge is not just words in textbooks. These concepts define the lives of millions of people in dozens of countries. This knowledge provides a platform of individual and society. Though it's corny, but we can say that the vast number of Russian schoolchildren do not have the critical thinking, which is vital for the modern man. This slows down the process of maturation and socialization. To prove this fact it is difficult, I just have to see. (source: pikabu.ru) Use destroyed the Soviet legacy in the form of medals for excellent training and benefits associated with them. Now the profile of the Olympics are of great value: first place in the prestigious competition can give automatic 100 points on the desired object. This system is much clearer and more transparent medals. Able children really stand out in the competition. Students in practice apply their knowledge and skills, achieving victory and depend only on himself, not from the school administration, which decides whom to give a medal and who does not. The exam helps highlight the truly extraordinary children, not just those who are simply well versed in the school curriculum. But for the sake of justice it is worth noting that in 2016 gold medal and the GTO began to give 10 points, respectively. Through the exam many talented graduates have left a small depressed cities and regions, moving to where their talents and abilities are more in demand. Some returned home after receiving an excellent education. They work for the good of his house, which is also honorable. In my example, I can say that of the nearly 90 people in my class of 2010 more than half thanks to the exam managed to leave and get first-class education. Problems of implementation

Learning to understand is not always the same. Alas, the test system exam is plus and minus one final exam. Not the first public debate raises the question of whether the test part of the examination in Humanities (Russian language, literature, history, and social science). Here we see a case where the micrometers measure construction tape measure — a good tool, but applied illogically. The recent public discussion and really start to achieve success. So, in the exam on the Russian language are those tasks which check the knowledge of language and literacy, and the ability to solve the tests. It is hoped that the trend will be due to change of the exam and other humanitarian items. 10 years school children across Russia are obliged to take the . Is he good? It's hard to say. The exam is not ideal, but it is better than the chaos that was before. The precedent of the introduction of the exam is an important example for our entire country, because never before in Russia was not such a powerful training and testing before the reform. The exam tested the seven years before to become law. Model exam can be a model that can work on many other vital reforms in the country. Exam showed us what important questions you need to discuss and find solutions to problems. A scene from the movie "Harry Potter and the philosopher's stone" (2001, directed by Chris Columbus)(source: hsto.org) The exam can be, and does not make a person smarter or better, but it enables the most stubborn and persistent to make the first step on the way to a great life. Those who do not need it all, going overboard with the exam, and without it.