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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 064 811 EC 042 255 AUTHOR Segal, Julius, Ed. TITLE Mental Health Program Reports - 5. INSTITUTION Health Services and Mental Health Administration (DREW), Bethesda, Md. PUB DATE Dec 71 NOTE 397p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402 ($1.75) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$13.16 DESCRIPTORS Child Abuse; Disadvantaged Youth; Drug Abuse; *Emotionally Disturbed; *Exceptional Child Education; Feedback; *Mental Health; Mental Health Clinics; Physiology; Program Descriptions; *Research Projects; *Services ABSTRACT The volume is reported to reflect the broad range of National Institute of Mental Health activities in areas of research, development of mental health manpower, and delivery of mental health services. Twenty papers examine, respectively, relationship of life histories and biochemistry of siblings and twins to schizophrenia, training of Navaho medicine men, development of intelligence in babies, studies of child abuse and infant accidents, community mental health center in Appalachia, educating new leaders via Operation Hope, manner in which social organization of animal communities can lead to a population crisis destroying them, community mental health center in the San Francisco westside, nonprofessionals serving aged public housing tenants, nursery schools in service of mental health, followup survey of long term effects of lysergic acid diethylamide, preschool program for disadvantaged children, infant stimulation as part of well baby care in a disadvantaged area, mental illness and competency to stand trial, studying consciousness with physiological feedback technique, voluntary control of internal states, asymmetry of huran brain and implications for training, controlling brain functions, controlling autonomic functions, and drug abuse. (CB) 111IIIII SCOPE OF INTEREST NOTICE The ERIC Facility has assigned this docum ocessing to: .1 ... , : A t' In our judgement, this document is also of interest to the clearing- houses noted to the right. Index- ing should reflect their spe.ual points of %new. 0 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM REPORTS-5 Julius Segal, Ph.D., Editor Authors: Antoinette Gattozzi Gay Luce Maya Pines Clarissa Wittenberg Herbert Yahraes DHEW Publication No. (HSM) 72-9042 Printed December 1971 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION,AND WELFARE Public Health Service Health Services and Mental HealthAdministration National Institute of Mental Health Program Analysis and Evaluation Branch Office of Program Planning and Evaluation 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Md. 20852 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDU CATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG- INATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN- IONS STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU- CATION POSITION OR POLICY. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 61.75 (paper cover) STOCK NUMBER 1724-0176 FOREWORD This volume, fifth in the NIMH series of Program Reports, reflects the broad range of Institute activities in research, the development of mental health manpower, and the delivery of men- tal health services. Displayed through lut is the Institute'scontinu- ing concern with issues of national importanceamong them, for example, the well-being of children ; the fate of disadvantaged minority group members ; the impact of social stress on behavior and health ; and the threats posed by such public health problems as drug abuse, aging, and schizophrenia. The Institute's high priority effort in child mental health is apparent throughoutin reports ranging from a basic studyof the child's intellectual development, to a demonstration of how nursery schools can be used as an instrument for mentalhealth. A number of chapters deal in depth with techniques for reversing the behavioral penalties of intellectual and emotional deprivation among youth. Reflecting another of the Institute's major goalsthe provision of high quality mental health services to all segments of the popu- lationare a number of studies describing innovative approaches designed to meet the needs of disadvantaged citizens and members of minority groups. Through a program of infant stimulation and well-baby care, one study shows that marked improvements in intellectual development and verbal ability can be achieved. An- other team of investigators has provided dramatic evidence that, properly motivated and placed in a college setting, angry young people in the ghetto demonstrate untapped depths of wisdom and ability. Still another creative project demonstrates how meaning- ful, effective mental health services can be brought to a population with unique cultural traditions and norms. For Navaho Indians, "the medicine man" is central to the concept of psychic and physi- cal well-being ; an Institute training program has capitalized on the perpetuation of this ancient tradition while fostering the health and harmony of the Navaho community. Throughout this volume the reader will find examples of the Institute's effort to help solve human problems of broad social significance. In one report, for example, the psychological and physiological penalties of overpopulation are dramatically por- trayed through the results of a long-term study by a team of Institute scientists. The implication of their data, they warn, are clear : we must chooseand soonbetween survival or extinction 4 through overcrowding our planet. In another chapter, the reader will learn of one of the first efforts to track the long-term effects of LSD, and in still another, of the continuing efforts to uncover the baffling origins of schizophrenia. Reported here, too, are the results of a study addressing one of the most challenging human problems in contemporary American lifehow to provide our aged citizens, parents, and grandparents with the sena I of dignity, worth, and well-being so easily eroded in the latter years. The delivery of mental health services to the Nation's runl citizens is the focus of an especially detailed chapter while still another deals in some depth with complex issues in the relationship between criminal justice and mental illness. Finally, a group of reports featured in this volume will intro- duce to the reader a new field of behavioral research with resound- ing implications for understanding and treating psychosomatic illness. Known alternatively as "instrumental conditioning" or "biofeedback," this new technique has permitted human beings as well as animals to acquire control over physiological functions such as heart rate and blood pressure that were formerly thought to be involuntary. The results of biofeedback experiments have encouraged clinical studies showing that patients with hyperten- sion, with cardiac arrhythmias, tension headaches, and other ail- ments have begun to control their own symptoms by "mental" means. As indicated by the projects described here, physiological training may indeed become a new form of treatment and an important technique in the field of preventive medicine. Taken as a whole, this volume offers a panorama of NIMH efforts. The representative nature of the work reported will' indi- cate not only the direction of new treatment approaches, but the substance of rapidly approaching frontiers in mental health re- search, &jt4vvvjif2w1 BERTRAM S. BROWN, M.D. Director NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH iv CONTENTS SCHIZOPHRENIA : NEW LIGHT FROM THE LIFE HISTORIES AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF SIBLINGS AND TWINS 1 Investigators William Pollin, M.D. James R. Stabenau, M.D. Loren Mosher, M.D. Joe Tupin, M.D. Axel Hoffer, M.D. Martin Allen, M.D. Barbara Scupi, M.S.W. THE IMPORTANCE OF PSYCHIC MEDICINE : TRAINING NAVAHO MEDICINE MEN 20 Director John Dick THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENCE IN BABIES 44 Investigator Jerome S. Bruner, Ph. D. STUDIES OF CHILD ABUSE AND INFANT ACCIDENTS 58 Investigator Elizabeth Elmer, M.S.S. Co-Investigators Grace Gregg, M.D. Byron Wright, M.A. John B. Reinhart, M.D. Contributors Thomas McHenry, M.D. Bertram Girdony, M.D. Paul Geisel, Ph.D. A COMMUNITYMENTAL HEALTH CENTER IN APPALACHIA 90 Director Richard M. Stai, M.S.W. Investigators Logan Gragg, M.D. Hazel G. Price OPERATION HOPE : EDUCATING NEW LEADERS___ 140 Director A. Paul Parks HOW THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF ANIMAL COMMUNITIES CAN LEAD TO A POPULATION CRISIS WHICH DESTROYS THEM 158 Investigator John B. Calhoun, Ph. D. SAN FRANCISCO WESTSIDE : A COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER SERVES THE PEOPLE 174 Director William Goldman, M.D. NONPROFESSIONALS SERVE AGED PUBLIC HOUSING TENANTS: THE SENIOR ADVISORY SERVICE 188 Investigators Jean Wallace Carey Jeannette Katz Friedman NURSERY SCHOOLS IN THE SERVICEOF MENTAL HEALTH 204 Investigator Mary B. Lane, Ed.D. LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF LSDAFOLLOW-UP SURVEY 229 Investigator William H. McGlothlin, Ph.D. A PRE-SCHOOL PROGRAMFOR DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN 240 Director Constance N. Swander Co-Director Gladys R. Blankenship INFANT STIMULATION AS PARTOF WELL BABY CARE IN A DISADVANTAGEDAREA 257 Investigator Margaret F. Gutelius, M.D. MENTAL ILLNESS AND COMPETENCYTO STAND TRIAL 272 Investigator A. Louis McGarry, M.D. Co-Investigator William J. Curran, J.D., L.L.M., S.M.Hyg. Research Associates_ Paul D.Lipsitt, L.L.B., Ph.D. David Lelos, M.A. Ralph Schwitzgebel, Ed.D. Arthur H. Rosenberg, L.L.M., J.D. Neil Chayet, L.L.B. Eugene Balconoff, M.D. Richard Bendt, M.D. Program Reportson Biofeedback STUDYING ASPECTS OFCONSCIOUSNESS WITH THE PHYSIOLOGICALFEEDBACK TECHNIQUE_- 291 Investigator