South Western Australia Temperate Forests

Conservation Management Zones of Australia

Prepared by the Department of the Environment Acknowledgements This project and its associated products are the result of collaboration between the Department of the Environment’s Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE; Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (DoA), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.

Special thanks to CSIRO researchers Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns underpinned identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.

Image Credits Front Cover: Karri Forest at Boranup – Platours Page 4: D’Entrecasteaux National Park, near Windy Harbour – Tourism Western Australia Page 10: Whale, near Busselton – David Ashley Page 14: Sugarloaf Rock, Cape Naturaliste – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 15: Numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus) – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 16: Red-capped Parrot (Purpureicephalus spurius) – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 17: Canal Rocks, south of Yallingup – Tourism Western Australia Page 18: Red-tailed Phascogale (Phascogale calura) – Babs and Bert Wells (CALM) Page 21: Quokka (Setonix brachyurus), Rottnest Island – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 23: Baudins Black-Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii) – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 24: Rainbow Bee-Eater (Merops ornatus) – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 30: Noisy Scrub-bird, Tjimiluk (Atrichornis clamosus) – Allan Rose Page 34: Boranup State Forest, Margaret River – Tourism Western Australia Page 35: Blue Tinsel Lily (Calectasia cyanea) – Murray Fagg Page 36: Eucalyptus open forests with a shrubby understorey (Eucalyptus marginata) – Neil Riches Page 37: Eucalyptus woodlands with a shrubby understorey (Eucalyptus wandoo) – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.au Page 38: Eucalyptus tall open forest with a fine-leaved shrubby understorey Eucalyptus( marginata) – Sleepcreature Back Cover: Karri Forest at Boranup – Platours

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Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Contents

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country ��2 Introduction ��2 Zone at a glance ��3 Population characteristics ��6 Employment, volunteering and incomes ��9 Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice ��11 Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas �� 13 Zone vegetation characteristics �� 15 Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands ��17 World and National Heritage �� 18 Major National Reserve System properties �� 19 EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities �� 20 EPBC Act (1999) threatened species �� 21 EPBC Act (1999) migratory species �� 27 Threatened endemic species �� 29 Invasive species �� 32 Vegetation profiles and management recommendations �� 35

Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country The Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country.

Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.

The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.

The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.

The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.

Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.

The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.

2 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Zone at a glance

Area of zone: Population density: 5,353,845 hectares

% of Australia: 3.65 people 0.70% per square kilometre

Zone population characteristics Zone employment characteristics 200,000 190,194

150,000 2.9%

100,000 Number of people

50,000

0 otal T er 65 Ov a second language English as

ndigenous 97.1% I outh (15–24) Y

Employed Unemployed

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

3 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Eastern Australia Temperate Woodlands Regional centres Population Top five agricultural commodities Value (millions) Albany 33,650 Fruit $199 Bridgetown 1,518 Lamb $172 Collie 6,994 Wool $165 Denmark 2,291 Cereals for grain $139 Donnybrook 2,236 Beef $130 Dunsborough 1,708 Total value of agricultural commodities (including other $1,294 Manjimup 4,172 commodities not listed here) Margaret River 5,313 Mount Barker 1,794 Climate characteristics* Perth (outskirts) 62,273 Mean annual temperature 15.2 Celsius Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 28.4 Celsius Natural Resource Management (NRM) regions Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 5.6 Celsius Southwest Catchments Council Inc WA Mean Annual Rainfall 824.3 mm South Coast NRM Inc WA Dominant rainfall season Winter Peel Harvey Catchment Council WA Perth Region NRM WA * The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Wheatbelt NRM Council Inc WA Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package). For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

4 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests National Reserve System area Native Title area

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation 19% Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

81%

NRS area Other area

Native vegetation clearance level Number of threatened species by class

2 4 3 3 4 14 1

42% 30

58%

143

Cleared (ha) Uncleared (ha) Plants Birds Mammals Reptiles Crustaceans Frogs Sharks Fish Other

Status of EPBC Act listed threatened species, communities and migratory species

Vulnerable species 73

Endangered species 108

Critically endangered species 23 8 Conservation dependant 2

Migratory species 101

Threatened ecological 11 communities

022446688 110

Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).

5 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Population characteristics

Population

Population by age group Indigenous population by age group

15% 20% 22% 2% 33%

12%

38% 22%

15% 21%

0–14 years 15–24 years 25–39 years 0–14 years 15–24 years 25–39 years 40–64 years 65 years and over 40–64 years 65 years and over

Farmer and farm managers by age group Gender of farmers and farm managers

22% 17% 1,446

3,413

59%

15–24 years 25–39 years Male Female 40–64 years 65 years and over

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

6 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Languages spoken at home English 89.65% Other languages 4.74% Not stated 5.55%

Non-English languages spoken at home* Indigenous languages spoken at home**

6% 7.23%

0.65% 29.05% 0.91% 0.72% 14.98% 0.88%

2.93%

3.32%

9.90%

29.43% 94%

Northern European Western Desert Language (including Scandinavia, Celtic, Germanic, Dutch) Other Australian Indigenous Languages Southern European Eastern European ** Please note, these gures are based on the proportion of the population who indicated in the 2011 ABS Census Central Asian, Turkic, Iranic and Semitic that they spoke an Indigenous language at home. Southern Asian, Dravidan and Indo-Ayran South-East Asian East Asian Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander African Paci c / Oceanic Sign language

* Please note, these gures are based on the proportion of the population who indicated in the 2011 ABS Census that they spoke a language other than English at home.

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

7 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Education

Highest level of educational attainment Highest level of educational attainment – total population – Indigenous community 45% 40%

40% 35% 35% 30% 30% 25% 25% 20% 20% 15% 15% 10% 10%

5% 5% 0% 0% l l e e e e w w ve ve Le Le ti cat ti cat /Not stated /Not stated ti cate ti cate ee/Graduat ee/Graduat ee/Advanced ee/Advanced ears 11 and 12 ears 11 and 12 Y Y Cer Cer ears 10 or belo ears 10 or belo Y Y Diploma and Diploma and School School nadequately described nadequately described I I School School No Educational Attainment No Educational Attainment Bachelor Degr Bachelor Degr ostgraduate Degr ostgraduate Degr Diploma & Graduate Cer Diploma & Graduate Cer P P 15–24 years 25–39 years 15–24 years 25–39 years 40–64 years 65 years and over 40–64 years 65 years and over

Highest level of educational attainment Post-school qualication types* – farmers and farm managers 10,000 60% 9,000 8,000 50% 7,000

40% 6,000 5,000 30% 4,000 3,000 20% 2,000

10% 1,000 0 0% l e e w ve 65 years Le ti cat and above /Not stated 40–64 years old 25–39 years old 15–24 years old ti cate ee/Graduat ee/Advanced ears 11 and 12 Y Cer ears 10 or belo Y Natural and Physical Sciences Diploma and School

nadequately described Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies I School

No Educational Attainment Health and education Bachelor Degr ostgraduate Degr Diploma & Graduate Cer

P Architecture, building, society and culture and creative arts 15–24 years 25–39 years Information Technology, Management 40–64 years 65 years and over and Commerce and service industries

* Please note, this table omits quali cations of mixed eld, quali cations that are not adequately described, and information relating to census respondents who have not stated their quali cation or are not applicable (i.e. Not of age to have post-school quali cation). Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

8 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Employment, volunteering and incomes

Employment

Employment status of general population* Employment by industry 90%

80% 7% 2% 8% 70% 5%

60% 16% 9% 50%

40% 30%

20% 16% 10% 13%

6% 65 years 18% and above 15–24 years old 25–39 years old 40–64 years old

Employed Agriculture, forestry and sheries Unemployed Mining Not in labour force or not stated Manufacturing Utilities, construction and transport Employment* Please note the %status gures are of relative general to each population* of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are Employmentaggregates of the following status Au ofstra Indigenouslian Bureau of Statis population*tics categories: Employed = Employed full-time;Health, Employed Social par Assistance,t-time; Education and training 90%90%and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and UnemployedP ubliclooking administration for part-time and safety work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ 80%80%category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the populationWholesale that is not and of r etail trade working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for Serthisvices report, 70%70%as the national quarterly employment gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population. Food, accommodation, arts and recreation 60% 60% Unknown/not stated 50%50%

40%40%

30%30%

20%20%

10%10%

0% 0% 65 years 65 years and above and above ndigenous ndigenous ndigenous ndigenous I I I I 15–24 years old 25–39 years old 40–64 years old 15–24 years old 40–64 years old 25–39 years old

EmployeEmployed d UnemployeUnemployed d Not Notin labour in labour force fo orrce not or statednot stated * Please note the % gures are relative to each of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are aggregates of the following Australian Bureau of Statistics categories: Employed = Employed full-time; Employed part-time; and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and Unemployed looking for part-time work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the population that is not of working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for this report, as the national quarterly employment gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population.

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

9 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Volunteering Income

Volunteering rates Total household income (% of households)* 80%

70% 13% 19.4% 60%

50% 5.5%

40%

30% 15.2% 20%

10%

46.9% 65 years and above 40–64 years old 25–39 years old 15–24 years old

Not a volunteer Under $20,800 $20,800–64,999 $65,000–$103,999 Volunteer Over $104,000 Not Stated/Partially Stated Not stated or not applicable * Please note these gures have been derived from the ABS Equivalised Total Household Income (HIED)Census 2011 data. ABS data categories have been aggregated for the purposes of this report. For more information see: http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/censushome. nsf/home/statementsdwellinghied?opendocument&navpos=430 In the 2011–12 nancial year, persons who earned $67,500 or less were eligible for Low Income Tax Oset. Human Services applied the following de nitions of “low income” as eligibility criteria for the Low Income Supplement in the 2012–13 nancial year: Income below $30,000 for singles, $45,000 combined for couples, or $60,000 combined for couples or singles with a dependent child.

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

10 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice Australian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Number of people employed in agriculture, shing, forestry and downstream industries

Agriculture industries (production) 6,112

79 Agriculture downstream industries, including services, 2,634 food and beverage

Fishing industry, including production and downstream 204 seafood processing 83 and wholesaling 83 Forestry industry, including production, logging, sawmilling 1,208 and downstream wood and paper product manufacturing

Agricultural commodity values

Value of agricultural commodities^ $200

$180

$160

$140

$120

$100 illions M $80

$60

$40

$20

$0 y y rk ool ruit ops Ha Po F Beef Nuts Eggs W Dair Lamb e cr or seed or grain Oilseeds oadacr Cereals for grain egume f or consumption L egetables f V ther br O Nurseries and cut owers egetables f V

^ Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced. The value estimates in this publication are derived by the multiplication of price and quantity estimates of agricultural commodities. Price information is estimated based on the average unit value of a given commodity realised in the market place. For more information please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Lookup/7503.0Explanatory%20Notes12010-11?OpenDocument

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

11 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

Feral animal control* Native vegetation protection and regeneration* (% of agricultural holdings) (% of agricultural holdings) 100% 2.0% 90% 1.8% 80% 1.6% 70% 1.4% 60% 1.2%

50% 1.0% 40% 0.8% 30% 0.6% 20% 0.4% 10% 0.2% 0% 0.0% e ol tio n ther O essur No data eral goats F eral animals cluding stock of f No management ther (unspeci ed) Managing weeds eral animal contr f O Stopping mechanical or chemical destruc Reducing grazing pr encing o /ex F

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0

Sought advice when adopting Sources of advice**^ native vegetation management**

22.98% s s s s s s s No No No No No No No Ye Ye Ye Ye Ye Ye Ye 77.02% oup oup gion nment ch and ver tion gr e or farmer rmer gr Go Resear Fa A/NRM re tension o cer oduc ex CM pr ivate consultant or agribusiness agent eers or neighbours Landcar employed facilitator P Pr

Yes No elopment Corporation Dev

** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only. ^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice. For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-practice-change.pdf

12 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Land tenure Land use

0.91% 11% 1% 3.14% 1% 1%

44.59%

50.02% 55% 26% 0.42% 1.29%

Crown Land – Private – Leased Conservation and Natural Environments Crown Land – Public Cropping and Horticulture Crown Land – Public – Leased Grazing Modi ed Pastures Crown Land – Unknown – Leased Plantation Forestry Freehold – Unknown Industry, Residential, Services and Mining No Data/Unknown Production Forestry (native vegetation) Production from Irrigated Agriculture and Plantations Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/Pages/Default.aspx

Indigenous Land Councils South-West Aboriginal Land and Sea Council: http://www.noongar.org.au

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

13 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Local Government Areas Local Government Areas City Of Albany WA Shire Of Kalamunda WA City Of Armadale WA Shire Of Katanning WA City Of Busselton WA Shire Of Kojonup WA City Of Gosnells WA Shire Of Manjimup WA City Of Swan WA Shire Of Moora WA Shire Of Augusta-Margaret River WA Shire Of Mundaring WA Shire Of Beverley WA Shire Of Murray WA Shire Of Boddington WA Shire Of Nannup WA Shire Of Boyup Brook WA Shire Of Narrogin WA Shire Of Bridgetown-Greenbushes WA Shire Of Northam WA Shire Of Brookton WA Shire Of Pingelly WA Shire Of Broomehill-Tambellup WA Shire Of Plantagenet WA Shire Of Capel WA Shire Of Serpentine-Jarrahdale WA Shire Of Chittering WA Shire Of Toodyay WA Shire Of Collie WA Shire Of Victoria Plains WA Shire Of Cranbrook WA Shire Of Wagin WA Shire Of Cuballing WA Shire Of Wandering WA Shire Of Dardanup WA Shire Of Waroona WA Shire Of Denmark WA Shire Of West Arthur WA Shire Of Donnybrook-Balingup WA Shire Of Williams WA Shire Of Gingin WA Shire Of Woodanilling WA Shire Of Harvey WA Shire Of York WA

14 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Zone vegetation characteristics

Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVS) with >1% original distribution within zone 60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Melaleuca Other shrublands Eucalyptus tall open forests with woodlands with a open forests open forest with a a shrubby understorey shrubby understorey and woodlands ne-leaved shrubby understorey Pre 1750 percentage of CMZ area Present day percentage of CMZ area

15 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.

It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.

Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.

For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system

16 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands

Ramsar wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares For more information on Ramsar please refer to: Muir-Byenup System WA 10,639 http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/water/water-our- environment/wetlands/ramsar-convention-wetlands

Nationally Important Wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Criteria Avon River Valley WA 0.12 6 Blackwood River (Lower Reaches) WA 325.08 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and Tributaries System Broke Inlet System WA 5,118.44 1, 2, 3, 6 Byenup Lagoon System WA 10,347.44 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Chittering-Needonga Lakes WA 225.78 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 Doggerup Creek System WA 16,052.39 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 Gingilup-Jasper Wetland System WA 2,766.05 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 Lake Muir WA 3,993.94 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Lake Pleasant View System WA 436.70 1, 3, 6 Maringup Lake WA 274.35 1, 2, 4, 6 Moates Lake System WA 474.07 1, 3, 4, 6 Mt Soho Swamps WA 331.85 4, 6 The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification Owingup Swamp System WA 906.70 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and Oyster Harbour WA 1,580.50 1, 2, 3, 6 distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape. Wannamal Lake System WA 177.49 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria: 1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia. distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. 2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across 3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail. Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums 4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa. (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type 5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level. 6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance. occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally are therefore not represented. Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition

17 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests World and National Heritage

Heritage Heritage values World or National type Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone Stirling Range National Natural WA 4,489.2 0.08 National Park Porongurup National Natural WA 2,685.9 0.05 National Park Goldfields Water Supply Scheme, National Historic WA 16.6 0.0003 Western Australia Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

18 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Major National Reserve System properties

Major National Reserve System properties IUCN Name Property type Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone category Mt Roe National Park II WA 127,800 2.39 D’Entrecasteaux National Park II WA 118,089 2.21 Tone-Perup Nature Reserve IA WA 55,974 1.05 Shannon National Park II WA 52,622 0.98 Wandoo National Park II WA 46,375 0.87 Mt Frankland South National Park II WA 42,294 0.79 Mt Lindesay National Park II WA 39,573 0.74 Mount Frankland National Park II WA 37,122 0.69 Lane Poole Reserve 5(1)(g) Reserve II WA 29,541 0.55 Mt Frankland North National Park II WA 22,070 0.41 Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park II WA 21,761 0.41 Greater Kingston National Park II WA 21,114 0.39 Blackwood River National Park II WA 20,487 0.38 Greater Beedelup National Park II WA 19,287 0.36 Milyeannup National Park II WA 18,698 0.35 Wellington National Park II WA 17,431 0.33 Hilliger National Park II WA 16,986 0.32 Monadnocks 5(1)(g) Reserve II WA 15,519 0.29 Conservation Park Walpole-Nornalup National Park II WA 14,858 0.28 Greater Hawke National Park II WA 14,008 0.26

The IUCN categories are as follows: Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories Ib Wilderness Area classify protected areas according to their II National Park management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as III Natural Monument or Feature the United Nations and are utilised by many IV Habitat/Species Management Area national governments, including the Australian V Protected Landscape/ Seascape Government, as the global standard for VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources defining and recording protected areas.

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/ For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.

19 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities

Threatened ecological communities % of total Name Listing status % of zone** distribution* Aquatic Root Mat Community 1 in Endangered 100 0.005 Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Aquatic Root Mat Community 2 in Endangered 100 0.005 Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Aquatic Root Mat Community 3 in Caves of the Endangered 100 0.005 Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Aquatic Root Mat Community 4 in Caves of the Endangered 100 0.005 Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Scott River Ironstone Association Endangered 100 0.013 Shrublands on southern Swan Coastal Plain ironstones Endangered 36.76 0.002 Shrublands and Woodlands of the eastern Swan Coastal Plain Endangered 22.98 0.002 Critically Claypans of the Swan Coastal Plain 5.2 0.008 Endangered Corymbia calophylla – Kingia australis woodlands Endangered 3 0.001 on heavy soils of the Swan Coastal Plain Proteaceae Dominated Kwongkan Shrublands of the Endangered 0.22 0.049 Southeast Coastal Floristic Province of Western Australia Corymbia calophylla – Xanthorrhoea preissii woodlands Endangered 0.09 0.00002 and shrublands of the Swan Coastal Plain * % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone. ** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.

The threatened ecological communities above are listed underThe Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities

20 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests EPBC Act (1999) threatened species

Threatened mammals % of total % of Common name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Quokka Setonix brachyurus Vulnerable 100 0.02 Critically Gilbert’s Potoroo Potorous gilbertii 99.97 0.03 Endangered Western Ringtail Possum Pseudocheirus occidentalis Vulnerable 75.65 15.30 Woylie Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi Endangered 56.59 7.85 Chuditch, Western Quoll Dasyurus geoffroii Vulnerable 32.2 99.28 Red-tailed Phascogale Phascogale calura Endangered 31.9 7.68 Numbat Myrmecobius fasciatus Vulnerable 21.14 2.18 Black-flanked Rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis lateralis Vulnerable 9.25 0.66 Dibbler Parantechinus apicalis Endangered 0.64 0.18 Greater Bilby Macrotis lagotis Vulnerable 0.01 0.28 Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/a Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable n/a n/a Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

21 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened birds % of total % of Common name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Muir’s Corella (southern), Cacatua pastinator pastinator Vulnerable 99.08 17.81 Western Long-billed Corella (southern) Noisy Scrub-bird, Tjimiluk Atrichornis clamosus Vulnerable 91.59 3.20 Baudin’s Black-Cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus baudinii Vulnerable 84.93 90.41 Long-billed Black-Cockatoo Psophodes nigrogularis Western Whipbird (western heath) Endangered 25.05 0.26 nigrogularis Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus latirostris Endangered 24.24 99.88 Short-billed Black-Cockatoo Western Bristlebird Dasyornis longirostris Vulnerable 20.05 2.51 Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 2.78 19.25 Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 0.25 5.02 Cape Barren Goose (south-western), Cereopsis novaehollandiae Vulnerable 0.03 0.01 Recherche Cape Barren Goose grisea Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 0.01 0.01 Critically May be May be Western Ground Parrot, Kyloring Pezoporus flaviventris Endangered present present May be May be Forest Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii naso Vulnerable present present Diomedea exulans Amsterdam Albatross Endangered n/a n/a amsterdamensis Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a Diomedea epomophora Northern Royal Albatross Endangered n/a n/a sanfordi Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered n/a n/a Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche carteri Vulnerable n/a n/a Antipodean Albatross Diomedea exulans antipodensis Vulnerable n/a n/a Diomedea epomophora Southern Royal Albatross Vulnerable n/a n/a epomophora White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable n/a n/a Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable n/a n/a Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Vulnerable n/a n/a Blue Petrel Halobaena caerulea Vulnerable n/a n/a Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Vulnerable n/a n/a Thalassarche melanophris Campbell Albatross Vulnerable n/a n/a impavida Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable n/a n/a Australian Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris melanops Vulnerable n/a n/a

22 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened reptiles % of total % of Common Name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered n/a n/a Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered n/a n/a Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable n/a n/a Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Vulnerable n/a n/a

23 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Other threatened fauna % of total % of Common name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Hairy Marron, Margaret River Hairy Critically Cherax tenuimanus 100 0.004 Marron, Margaret River Marron Endangered Critically Margaret River Burrowing Crayfish Engaewa pseudoreducta 100 0.0002 Endangered Spotted Galaxias (western subspecies), Critically Western Spotted Galaxias, Galaxias truttaceus hesperius 100 0.16 Endangered Western Trout Galaxias Walpole Burrowing Crayfish Engaewa walpolea Endangered 100 0.11 Sunset Frog Spicospina flammocaerulea Endangered 100 1.66 White-bellied Frog, Creek Frog Geocrinia alba Endangered 100 0.40 Balston’s Pygmy Perch Nannatherina balstoni Vulnerable 100 0.10 Orange-bellied Frog Geocrinia vitellina Vulnerable 100 0.06 Critically Dunsborough Burrowing Crayfish Engaewa reducta 79.41 0.10 Endangered Shield-backed Trapdoor Spider, Idiosoma nigrum Vulnerable 0.21 0.28 Black Rugose Trapdoor Spider Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) Carcharias taurus Vulnerable n/a n/a Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable n/a n/a

24 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened flora % of total % of Common Name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Hay River Featherflower, Critically Verticordia apecta 100 0.10 Scruffy Verticordia Endangered Critically Orange Dryandra Banksia aurantia 100 0.34 Endangered Critically Reedia Reedia spathacea 100 0.76 Endangered Critically Boscabel Conostylis Conostylis setigera subsp. dasys 100 0.01 Endangered Giant Spider-orchid Caladenia excelsa Endangered 100 0.12 Scarp Darwinia Darwinia apiculata Endangered 100 0.01 Scarlet Leschenaultia Lechenaultia laricina Endangered 100 0.25 Mountain Villarsia Villarsia calthifolia Endangered 100 0.02 Collie Jacksonia Jacksonia velveta Endangered 100 0.06 Majestic Spider-orchid Caladenia winfieldii Endangered 100 4.19 Rulingia sp. Trigwell Bridge Trigwell’s Rulingia Endangered 100 3.80 (R.Smith s.n. 20/6/1989) Meelup Mallee Eucalyptus phylacis Endangered 100 0.07 Naturaliste Nancy Wurmbea calcicola Endangered 100 0.05 Scott River Boronia Boronia exilis Endangered 100 0.11 Roundleaf Honeysuckle Lambertia orbifolia Endangered 100 0.37 Scott River Darwinia Darwinia ferricola Endangered 100 0.04 Rare Grevillea Grevillea rara Endangered 100 0.02 Verticordia fimbrilepis Southern Shy Featherflower Vulnerable 100 0.01 subsp. australis Apium prostratum subsp. Fine-leaved Apium, Porongurup Celery Porongurup Range Vulnerable 100 0.00 (G.J.Keighery 8631) Grevillea brachystylis None Vulnerable 100 0.04 subsp. australis Good’s Banksia Banksia goodii Vulnerable 100 0.24 South-Coast Mignonette Orchid Microtis globula Vulnerable 100 0.02 Diels’ Currant Bush Leptomeria dielsiana Vulnerable 100 0.38 Christine’s Spider Orchid Caladenia christineae Vulnerable 100 0.64 Harrington’s Spider-orchid, Caladenia harringtoniae Vulnerable 100 5.96 Pink Spider-orchid Zig Zag Grevillea Grevillea flexuosa Vulnerable 99.98 0.13 Augusta Kennedia Kennedia lateritia Endangered 99.92 0.00 Critically Lodge’s Spider-orchid Caladenia lodgeana 99.9 0.49 Endangered Critically Blue Tinsel Lily Calectasia cyanea 99.84 0.20 Endangered Slender Tailflower Anthocercis gracilis Vulnerable 99.79 0.19

25 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened flora % of total % of Common Name Scientific name Status distribution* zone** Wing-fruited Lasiopetalum Lasiopetalum pterocarpum Endangered 99.61 0.15 Critically Branched Hemigenia Hemigenia ramosissima 98.55 0.17 Endangered Tall Donkey Orchid Diuris drummondii Vulnerable 96.38 4.18 Bindoon Starbush Asterolasia nivea Vulnerable 95.81 0.05 Verticordia densiflora Long-stalked Featherflower Endangered 94.55 0.21 var. pedunculata Cossack Spider-orchid Caladenia dorrienii Endangered 94.33 2.29 Grass Wattle, Chittering Grass Wattle Acacia anomala Vulnerable 93.63 0.05 a shrub Grevillea corrugata Endangered 91.92 2.32 Thomasia sp. Green Green Hill Thomasia Endangered 90.62 0.05 Hill (S.Paust 1322) Dunsborough Spider-orchid Caladenia viridescens Endangered 88.15 0.04 Granite Banksia, Banksia verticillata Vulnerable 88 0.65 Albany Banksia, River Banksia Leafless Rock Wattle Acacia aphylla Vulnerable 87.54 0.08 Two Peoples Bay Andersonia Andersonia pinaster Vulnerable 87.31 0.06 Hook-leaf Isopogon Isopogon uncinatus Endangered 84.01 4.34 Caladenia caesarea Cape Spider-orchid Endangered 83.25 0.01 subsp. maritima Thelymitra manginii None Endangered 82.46 2.48 K.Dixon & Batty ms. Banksia squarrosa Whicher Range Dryandra Vulnerable 80.45 3.42 subsp. argillacea

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone. ** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone. The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

26 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests EPBC Act (1999) migratory species

Migratory birds Migratory birds Common name Scientific name Common name Scientific name Amsterdam Albatross Diomedea amsterdamensis Marsh Sandpiper, Tringa stagnatilis Antipodean Albatross Diomedea antipodensis Little Greenshank Asian Dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Australian Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris melanops Northern Diomedea sanfordi Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica Royal Albatross Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Osprey Pandion haliaetus Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva Blue Petrel Halobaena caerulea Pacific Gull Larus pacificus Rostratula benghalensis Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus Painted Snipe Campbell Albatross Thalassarche impavida (sensu lato) Cape Barren Goose Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Cereopsis (south-western), Recherche Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura novaehollandiae grisea Cape Barren Goose Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus Caspian Tern Sterna caspia Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus Cattle Egret Ardea ibis Red-capped Plover Charadrius ruficapillus Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Recurvirostra Red-necked Avocet Crested Tern Sterna bergii novaehollandiae Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Fairy Tern Sterna nereis Sanderling Calidris alba Flesh-footed Shearwater, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata Puffinus carneipes Fleshy-footed Shearwater Shy Albatross, Thalassarche cauta Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus Tasmanian Shy Albatross (sensu stricto) Great Egret, Silver Gull Larus novaehollandiae Ardea alba White Egret Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata Great Skua Catharacta skua Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Greater Sand Plover, Southern Diomedea epomophora Charadrius leschenaultii Large Sand Plover Royal Albatross (sensu stricto) Great-winged Petrel Pterodroma macroptera Swinhoe’s Snipe Gallinago megala Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena Hooded Plover Thinornis rubricollis Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross Indian Yellow-nosed (sensu lato) Thalassarche carteri Albatross Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus Lesser Sand Plover, White-bellied Charadrius mongolus Haliaeetus leucogaster Mongolian Plover Sea-Eagle Little Curlew, White-capped Numenius minutus Thalassarche steadi Little Whimbrel Albatross Little Penguin Eudyptula minor White-faced Pelagodroma marina Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis Storm-Petrel Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola

27 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Other migratory species Common name Scientific name Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Australian Smooth Pipefish, Smooth Pipefish Lissocampus caudalis Bonyhead Pipefish, Bony-headed Pipefish Nannocampus subosseus Brushtail Pipefish Leptoichthys fistularius Common Seadragon, Weedy Seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Gale’s Pipefish Campichthys galei Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Gunther’s Pipehorse, Indonesian Pipefish Solegnathus lettiensis Hairy Pipefish Urocampus carinirostris Javelin Pipefish Lissocampus runa Leafy Seadragon Phycodurus eques Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Longsnout Pipefish, Australian Long-snout Pipefish, Vanacampus poecilolaemus Long-snouted Pipefish Mother-of-pearl Pipefish Vanacampus margaritifer New Zealand Fur-seal Arctocephalus forsteri Port Phillip Pipefish Vanacampus phillipi Prophet’s Pipefish Lissocampus fatiloquus Pugnose Pipefish, Pug-nosed Pipefish Pugnaso curtirostris Red Pipefish Notiocampus ruber Rhino Pipefish, Macleay’s Crested Pipefish, Histiogamphelus cristatus Ring-back Pipefish Sawtooth Pipefish Maroubra perserrata Short-head Seahorse, Short-snouted Seahorse Hippocampus breviceps Southern Pygmy Pipehorse Acentronura australe Spotted Pipefish, Gulf Pipefish Stigmatopora argus Upside-down Pipefish, Eastern Upside-down Pipefish, Heraldia nocturna Eastern Upside-down Pipefish West Australian Seahorse Hippocampus subelongatus Western Crested Pipefish Mitotichthys meraculus Western Spiny Seahorse, Narrow-bellied Seahorse Hippocampus angustus Widebody Pipefish, Wide-bodied Pipefish, Black Pipefish Stigmatopora nigra

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species

28 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened endemic species

Threatened endemic species Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status Crabs, Yabbies Critically Critically Cherax tenuimanus Recorded in reserves Isopods and Allies Endangered Endangered Crabs, Yabbies Not recorded Critically Critically Engaewa pseudoreducta Isopods and Allies in reserves Endangered Endangered Crabs, Yabbies Critically Engaewa reducta Recorded in reserves Endangered Isopods and Allies Endangered Crabs, Yabbies Not recorded Engaewa walpolea Endangered Endangered Isopods and Allies in reserves Dragonflies Archiargiolestes pusillissimus Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened Fish Galaxiella munda Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened Fish Galaxiella nigrostriata Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened Fish Lepidogalaxias salamandroides Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened Fish Nannatherina balstoni Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Data Deficient Critically Frogs Geocrinia alba Recorded in reserves Endangered Endangered Frogs Geocrinia lutea Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened Frogs Geocrinia vitellina Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Vulnerable Frogs Spicospina flammocaerulea Recorded in reserves Endangered Vulnerable Molluscs Glacidorbis occidentalis Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable Molluscs Austroassiminea letha Recorded in reserves n/a Endangered Plants Caladenia christineae Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Plants Caladenia dorrienii Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Caladenia excelsa Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Caladenia harringtoniae Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Not recorded Plants Caladenia viridescens Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Caladenia winfieldii Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Microtis globula Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Plants Ornduffia calthifolia Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Andersonia pinaster Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Not recorded Plants Gastrolobium modestum Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Kennedia glabrata Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Plants Kennedia laterita Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Wurmbea calcicola Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Lasiopetalum pterocarpum Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Pimelea rara Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

29 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Threatened endemic species Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status Not recorded Plants Darwinia ferricola Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Eucalyptus phylacis Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Critically Plants Verticordia apecta Recorded in reserves n/a Endangered Not recorded Critically Plants Hydatella leptogyne n/a in reserves Endangered Critically Plants Reedia spathacea Recorded in reserves n/a Endangered Not recorded Plants Adenanthos velutinus Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Banksia goodii Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Plants Grevillea corrugata Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Not recorded Plants Grevillea rara Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Lambertia orbifolia Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Asterolasia nivea Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Plants Boronia exilis Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a Plants Meziella trifida Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a Reptiles Elapognathus minor Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened

30 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Concentrations of unreserved endemic species

0 25 50 100 Kilometres

Data Sources: - All biodiversity data have been derived from the Australian Natura l Heritage Assessment Tool, which includes species location records from Australian museums, Australian herbaria, Birds Australia, CSIRO, state and territory governments and other sources. - Weighted endemism / richness scores are calculated for all species within a specified group with the exception of vascular plants (includes only 75 families) and vertebrates (does not include fish species). For a full list of taxa included in ANHAT see Concentration of endemics www.environment.gov.au/heritage/index.html 1 Australian Natural Heritage - Drainage and waterbodies have been derived from the Geoscience Assessment Tool 2 Australia GEODATA TOPO 10M 2002 - Locality data have been derived from the Geoscience Australia South Western Australia 3 - 7 GEODATA TOPO 10M 2002 data layer Temperate Forests CMZ 8 - 20 Caveat: While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy and SW Australia temperate forests completeness, no guarantee is given, nor responsibility taken by the Commonwealth for errors or omissions and the Commonwealth does Concentrations of unreserved CMZ Boundaries not accept responsibility in respect of any information or advice given endemic species in relation to, or as a consequence of, anything contained herein. Parks and Reserves Produced by: The Department of the Environment. © Commonwealth of Australia 2008

The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts. Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian- natural-heritage-assessment-tool

31 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Invasive species

Invasive mammals Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone** Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.98 99.99 Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.87 99.99 Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.7 99.99 House Mouse Mus musculus 1.45 96.00 Pig Sus scrofa 1.43 93.64 Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 4.34 90.09 Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 7.03 50.32 Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.9 41.97 Goat Capra hircus 0.8 32.10 Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 0.45 14.17 Northern Palm Squirrel, Funambulus pennantii 60.19 9.12 Five-striped Palm Squirrel Brown Rat, Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus 0.01 0.02

Other invasive fauna Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone** Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 1.95 93.05 Laughing Turtle-dove, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis 13.38 77.72 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 3.47 45.91 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 1.01 40.88 Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 2.25 35.01 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 4.01 20.78 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 0.38 20.78 European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 0.54 9.12 Mute Swan Cygnus olor 20.18 0.99 May be Asian House Gecko Hemidactylus frenatus May be present present May be Common Myna, Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis May be present present May be Common Blackbird, Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula May be present present

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone. ** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

32 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Invasive flora Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone** Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Asparagus asparagoides 6.52 99.99 Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus Radiata Pine Monterey Pine, Pinus radiata 11.69 99.78 Insignis Pine, Wilding Pine Genista sp. X Broom 20.21 99.78 Genista monspessulana Blackberry, European Blackberry Rubus fruticosus aggregate 5.64 87.70 Bitou Bush, Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera 3.37 35.47 Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed 5.6 33.28 subsp. monilifera Salix spp. except S.babylonica, Willows except Weeping Willow, S.x calodendron & 2.41 29.71 Pussy Willow and Sterile Pussy Willow S.x reichardtii Gorse, Furze Ulex europaeus 3.43 25.52 Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana camara 2.24 19.70 Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage African Boxthorn, Boxthorn Lycium ferocissimum 1.92 18.84 Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarix aphylla 1.39 18.29 Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris 0.24 15.61 Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom, Common Broom, Genista monspessulana 4.42 12.31 French Broom, Soft Broom Salvinia, Giant Salvinia, Salvinia molesta 1.6 9.12 Aquarium Watermoss, Kariba Weed Flax-leaved Broom, Genista linifolia 6.63 5.07 Mediterranean Broom, Flax Broom Madeira Vine, Jalap, Lamb’s-tail, Mignonette Vine, Anredera cordifolia 2.19 3.81 Anredera, Gulf Madeiravine, Heartleaf Madeiravine, Potato Vine Silver Nightshade, Silver-leaved Nightshade, White Horse Nettle, Silver-leaf Nightshade, Tomato Weed, White Nightshade, Bull-nettle, Solanum elaeagnifolium 0.83 2.30 Prairie-berry, Satansbos, Silver-leaf Bitter-apple, Silverleaf-nettle, Trompillo Asparagus Fern, Climbing Asparagus Fern Asparagus scandens 5.33 1.92 Delta Arrowhead, Arrowhead, Sagittaria platyphylla 0.74 1.17 Slender Arrowhead Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid, Nile Lily Eichhornia crassipes 0.66 1.15 Broom, English Broom, Scotch Broom, Common Broom, Cytisus scoparius 0.17 0.75 Scottish Broom, Spanish Broom Asparagus Fern, Ground Asparagus, Basket Fern, Sprengi’s Fern, Asparagus aethiopicus 1.24 0.71 Bushy Asparagus, Emerald Asparagus

33 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Invasive flora Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone** Bridal Veil, Bridal Veil Creeper, Pale Berry Asparagus Fern, Asparagus Fern, Asparagus declinatus 5.85 0.63 South African Creeper May be Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. May be present present May be Olive, Common Olive Olea europaea May be present present May be Ward’s Weed Carrichtera annua May be present present May be Para Grass Brachiaria mutica May be present present * % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone. ** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone. For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

34 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Vegetation profiles and management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

35 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Eucalyptus open forests with a shrubby understorey vegetation profile

Change in extent

57.1%

67.17% 38.3% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus marginata; Eucalyptus rudis; Eucalyptus diversicolor; Corymbia calophylla; Eucalyptus cornuta; Eucalyptus jacksonii;

Eucalyptus guilfoyleii; Eucalyptus brevostylis; Eucalyptus y

subangusta; Allocasuarina fraseriana; Agonis flexuosa; Eucalyptus -1750 Pre wandoo; Acacia browniana; Agonis marginata; Bossiaea linophyll; esent da cycad; vine; xanthorrhoea; Anarthria prolifera; Conostylis sp.; Pr Johnsonia lupulina; sedge; shrub; forb; fern.

Management recommendations

Protection Sustainable Rehabilitation Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural Management Management Management Animal Management Practice Management

Protect remnants Minimise spray If remnants show Frequent, intense Manage Manage Undertake fox Maintain strict from clearing. drift from adjacent little evidence fires impact Phytophthora Bridal Creeper and rabbit baiting hygiene protocols agricultural lands. of regeneration, negatively on plants outbreaks as and Blackberry. and shooting, and to avoid spreading Do not allow bore revegetate with that have long this affects food feral cat trapping. Phytophthora water extraction. Maintain native locally sourced seed. juvenile phases or are sources for wildlife. by vehicle tyres, Falling water tables vegetation remnants slow to set seed. Ensure foxes and earthmoving are a key threat and paddock trees ALCOA bauxite Where few or no rabbits are managed machinery and to the health of as this provides mine rehabilitation Ensure remnants are mature hollow simultaneously boots. forest systems in protection against sites in this region monitored closely for bearing trees are to prevent foxes Western Australia. dryland salinity. provide excellent weeds after planned present within a switching to Treat dieback with examples of Jarrah fire or wildfire. remnant, provide predation on native phosphite in early Retain Fence paddock Forest rehabilitation. nesting boxes for species, and/or rabbit Summer, and repeat hollow-bearing trees and exclude See http://www. arboreal mammals population increases. 4–5 weeks later. Sites trees and stock. If no saplings alcoa.com/australia/ and birds. Monitor should be treated for fallen timber. appear after fencing en/info_page/ regularly for invasive a wide area around and stock exclusion, mining_rehab.asp birds and bees. an infected site. Buffer remnants then replant with adjacent to tubestock from For more in depth If fallen timber has Remove all parts of agricultural locally sourced seed. information on been removed from badly affected plants, lands with undertaking remnants, replace including as much native vegetation. rehabilitation of with untreated, of the root system forest sites, please recycled timber as possible. contact your local as it provides Natural Resource habitat for wildlife. Manage public Management region. access to control the spread of dieback.

36 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Eucalyptus woodlands with a shrubby understorey vegetation profile

Change in extent

30.4%

33.39% Remaining

Commonly found species 10.1% within this community Eucalyptus marginata; Eucalyptus wandoo; Corymbia calophylla; Eucalyptus loxophleba; Eucalyptus occidentalis;

Eucalyptus astringens; Banksia grandis; Nuytsia floribunda; y

Acacia acuminata; Gastrolobium calycinum; Dryandra -1750 Pre sessilis; Hakea cristata; Hibbertia hypericoides; sedge; esent da shrub; cycad; forb. Pr

Management recommendations

Protection Sustainable Rehabilitation Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural Management Management Management Animal Management Practice Management

Encourage uptake Where possible, Facilitate natural Fire is an important If fallen timber has Ensure aggressive Undertake fox Maintain strict of conservation exclude stock regeneration ecological process been removed from perennial weeds and rabbit baiting hygiene protocols through fencing and agreements from remnants. to stimulate remnants, replace with are controlled in and shooting, and to avoid spreading stock management. coarse woody debris and covenants regeneration. Please rehabilitation sites. feral cat trapping. Phytophthora Maintain native Overstorey eucalypt (such as untreated on private land. species may not consult your local railway sleepers) by vehicle vegetation remnants Moraea fugax, Ensure foxes and Please refer to the easily regenerate Natural Resource as this provides tyres, earthmoving following website and paddock trees if sites have been Management habitat for wildlife. M. collina and M. rabbits are managed machinery as this provides previously grazed. flaccida, Hesperantha simultaneously for more information region for advice Maintain and protect and boots. protection against Natural regeneration spp. and Sparaxis to prevent foxes on private land is more likely where on site appropriate mature trees as it can conservation: dryland salinity. lichens and mosses fire regimes. take 150–180 years spp bulb species switching to Treat dieback with http://www. are still present. for tree hollows to are particularly predation on native phosphite in early Fence paddock dpaw.wa.gov.au/ develop. Hollows problematic in species, and/or rabbit Summer, and repeat trees. If no saplings Undertake management/ revegetation where no provide shelter and Wandoo woodland population increases. 4–5 weeks later. Sites appear after fencing breeding habitat for off-reserve- natural regeneration remnants. should be treated for and stock exclusion, occurs. Ensure seed mammals and birds. conservation/ a wide area around then replant and tubestock is locally If few or no mature nature-conservation- an infected site. with tubestock from sourced and attempt hollow bearing trees to replicate the covenant-program are present within locally sourced seed. structure and diversity Remove all parts of remnants, provide Ban firewood of local, high quality badly affected plants, Minimise spray remnants on similar nesting boxes. Monitor harvesting. including as much of drift from adjacent soils and aspect. these regularly for invasive birds and the root system agricultural lands. Monitor and actively feral honey bees. as possible. manage weed species Create in rehabilitation sites. See http://www. Manage public dpaw.wa.gov.au/ windbreaks with Link existing remnants access to control native vegetation to where possible. Ideally get-involved/wildlife- rehabilitation-and- the spread reduce soil erosion. through wide corridors, but even paddock courses for more of dieback. trees can provide information on wildlife Minimise bore valuable linkages rehabilitation. water extraction. within landscapes.

37 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Eucalyptus tall open forest with a fine-leaved shrubby understorey vegetation profile

Change in extent

5.1%

4.1% 81.25% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus diversicolor; Eucalyptus marginata; Corymbia calophylla; Eucalyptus jacksonii; Banksia grandis; Eucalyptus guilfoyleii; Agonis flexuosa; Trymalium spathulatum; Acacia y divergens; Bossiaea linophylla; Chorilaena quercifolia; Hovea 1750 e- Pr elliptica; Cassytha glabella; Hibbertia tetrandra; Pteridium esent da esculentum; Anigozanthos flavidus; Dampiera hederacea; Pr Lepidosperma longitudinale; shrub; fern.

Management recommendations

Protection Sustainable Rehabilitation Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural Management Management Management Animal Management Practice Management

Protect Implement Encourage Maintain strict hollow-bearing trees. evidence-based regeneration hygiene protocols timber harvesting through fencing to avoid spreading Do not allow timber practices. remnants and Phytophthora harvesting and road excluding by vehicle construction which recreational bike, tyres, earthmoving fragment remnants. trail bike and machinery horse riding from and boots. Maintain standing rehabilitation sites. dead trees and Treat dieback with fallen timber. In sites that show phosphite in early no evidence of Summer, and repeat Please see regeneration, 4–5 weeks later. Sites the following undertake active should be treated for website for more rehabilitation. a wide area around information on an infected site. protecting forests Attempt to replicate http://www.dpaw. the vegetation Remove all parts of wa.gov.au structure and badly affected plants, composition present including as much of in local, high quality the root system remnants on similar as possible. soils and aspects. Manage public access to control the spread of dieback.

38 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Notes

39 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Notes

40 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests Notes

41 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Temperate Forests ALC100.0915