Contributions of the putamen to cognitive function Shawn W. Ell University of Maine Sebastien Helie University of California, Santa Barbara Steve Hutchinson University of Maine September 7, 2011 To appear in: Horizons in Neuroscience Research, Vol. 7 Address correspondence to: Shawn W. Ell Psychology Department Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences University of Maine 5742 Little Hall, Room 301 Orono, ME 04469-5742
[email protected] Sebastien Helie Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106
[email protected] running head: Putamen and Cognition ABSTRACT It is now well accepted that the basal ganglia contribute to cognition. Much of the cognitive functionality of the basal ganglia has been attributed to the striatum in general, and the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens in particular. The putamen, however, has inherited the motor functionality classically ascribed to the basal ganglia. Although there is no doubt that the putamen plays a critical role in motor execution and motor learning, recent data suggest a role for the putamen in learning and memory that is not directly tied to motor functioning. These data suggest that the putamen, much like the caudate and accumbens, is actively involved in a variety of cognitive functions such as episodic memory, cognitive control, and category learning. In this chapter, we review anatomical, electrophysiological, lesion, and imaging data supporting the putamen’s role in cognition. INTRODUCTION For decades, the basal ganglia (BG) were synonymous with motor function. There is now widespread recognition that the BG are also critical for a variety of cognitive functions.