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Phylogenetic Relationships of Discyphus Scopulariae
Phytotaxa 173 (2): 127–139 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.2.3 Phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus scopulariae (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences: evidence supporting recognition of a new subtribe, Discyphinae GERARDO A. SALAZAR1, CÁSSIO VAN DEN BERG2 & ALEX POPOVKIN3 1Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-367, 04510 México, Distrito Federal, México; E-mail: [email protected] 2Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s.n., 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil 3Fazenda Rio do Negro, Entre Rios, Bahia, Brazil Abstract The monospecific genus Discyphus, previously considered a member of Spiranthinae (Orchidoideae: Cranichideae), displays both vegetative and floral morphological peculiarities that are out of place in that subtribe. These include a single, sessile, cordate leaf that clasps the base of the inflorescence and lies flat on the substrate, petals that are long-decurrent on the column, labellum margins free from sides of the column and a column provided with two separate, cup-shaped stigmatic areas. Because of its morphological uniqueness, the phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus have been considered obscure. In this study, we analyse nucleotide sequences of plastid and nuclear DNA under maximum parsimony -
Asgap Indigenous Orchid Study Group Issn 1036-9651
ASGAP INDIGENOUS ORCHID STUDY GROUP ISSN 1036-9651 Group Leaders: Don and Pauline Lawie P.O. Box 230, BABINDA 4861 Phone: 0740 671 577 Newsletter 53 December 2005 MAJORS MOUNTAIN - A WALK TO PARADISE FOR A NATIVE ORCHID GROWER t~r; I1 -&d by Mark Nowochatko In Mid August 2005 the Atherton Tablelands Branch of SGAP conducted a field day at Major's Mountain, just east of Ravenshoe on the Evelyn Tableland in North Queensland. A group of 20 plus diehard SGAP enthusiasts met at the trailhead and undertook the walk of approximately 3 km one way. With the first 2.1 km easy going, the balance is a strenuous climb to an elevation of around 1,100 metres. II I1 Moving from the main track to the Major's Mountain goat trail, the orchids started with a Plectorrhiza tridentata and several Bulbophyllurns. Shortly after the steep climbing starts the orchid zone is reached. The pace slowed considerably as everyone explored this wonderful orchid habitat, and the difficulty of the walk faded away. Dendrobium adae in bloom greeted the walkers; some flowers with a significant amount of red on the back of the tepals caught the interest of several people. Amongst the orchids in bloom visible at eye level was Sarcochilusfalcatus. The plants are small with flowers nearly as large as the plants. A stunning Sarcochilus borealis (olivaceous) on a tree trunk barely 100 mm off the ground tested the determination of several photographers. (Mind you the ground was sloping up at over 50°.*) Several plants of Taeniophyllum were found carrying seed pods, but without the flowers positive identification of the species was not possible. -
Australian Vegetation Classification and the International Vegetation Classification Framework: an Overview with Case Studies
Australian Journal of Botany © CSIRO 2021 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT20076_AC Supplementary material Australian Vegetation Classification and the International Vegetation Classification framework: an overview with case studies Esteban H. MuldavinA,G, Eda AddicottB,F, John T. HunterC, Donna LewisD and Don Faber-LangendoenE ANatural Heritage New Mexico, Biology Department, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA. BQueensland Herbarium, Department of Environmental Science, Brisbane Botanic Gardens Mount Coot-tha, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong Qld 40066, Australia. CSchool of Environmental & Rural Science, Natural Resources Building, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. DNorthern Territory Herbarium, Department of Environment, Parks and Water Security, PO Box 496, Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia. ENatureServe, 2550 South Clark Street, Suite 930, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. FAustralian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, PO Box 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. GCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Page 1 of 14 Characterising species for Australian Darwin Stringybark Scleromorphic Woodland Macrogroup (Eucalyptus tetrodonta Scleromorphic Woodland macrogroup), Groups and Alliances Methods for determining Characterising species are outlined in the Methods section of the manuscript. Table S1. Characterising species for Australian Darwin Stringybark Scleromorphic Woodland Macrogroup (Eucalyptus tetrodonta Scleromorphic Woodland Macrogroup) and for Corymbia ferruginea and Eucalyptus tetrodonta -
Fitzroy, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Appendix: Orchid Potting Mixtures - an Abridged Historical Review 1
Appendix: Orchid potting mixtures - An abridged historical review 1 T. J. SHEEHAN Introduction There is little doubt that potting media development over time has been the salvation of orchid growers (Bomba, 1975). When epiphytic orchids were first introduced into England and other European countries in the 18th century growers could not envision plants growing in anything but soil. '"Peat and loam' were good for everything and frequently became the mass murderers of the first generation of epiphytic orchids," Hooker is believed to have said around the end of the 19th century; England had become the graveyard of tropical orchids. Undoubtedly this was in reference to the concern individuals were having over the potting media problems. This problem also drew the attention of such noted individuals as John Lindley and Sir Joseph Paxton, as well as the Gardener's Chronicle, who noted that "The Rule of Thumb" had nothing to say about orchid growing; it was only effective in orchid killing (Bomba 1975). Fortunately, the ingenuity of growers solved the problem as innovative potting mixes evolved over the years. After visiting a number of orchid growing establishments it immediately becomes obvious to any orchid grower, professional or hobbyist, that orchids, both epiphytic and terrestrial, will grow in a wide variety of media. It has often been stated that epiphytic orchids can be grown in any medium except soil as long as watering and fertilization are adjusted to fit the mix being used. Ter restrial orchids seem to thrive in any medium that contains 40% or more organic matter. Reading cultural recommendations from the early days of orchid growing is most interesting and highly recommended. -
Balancing the Costs of Carbon Gain and Water Transport: Testing a New Theoretical Framework for Plant Functional Ecology
Ecology Letters, (2014) 17: 82–91 doi: 10.1111/ele.12211 LETTER Balancing the costs of carbon gain and water transport: testing a new theoretical framework for plant functional ecology Abstract I. Colin Prentice,1,2* Ning Dong,1 A novel framework is presented for the analysis of ecophysiological field measurements and mod- Sean M. Gleason,1 Vincent Maire1 elling. The hypothesis ‘leaves minimise the summed unit costs of transpiration and carboxylation’ and Ian J. Wright1 predicts leaf-internal/ambient CO2 ratios (ci/ca) and slopes of maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) or leaf nitrogen (Narea) vs. stomatal conductance. Analysis of data on woody species from con- 1Department of Biological Sciences, trasting climates (cold-hot, dry-wet) yielded steeper slopes and lower mean ci/ca ratios at the dry Macquarie University, North Ryde, or cold sites than at the wet or hot sites. High atmospheric vapour pressure deficit implies low ci/ NSW, 2109, Australia ca in dry climates. High water viscosity (more costly transport) and low photorespiration (less 2AXA Chair of Biosphere and costly photosynthesis) imply low ci/ca in cold climates. Observed site-mean ci/ca shifts are pre- Climate Impacts, Department of Life dicted quantitatively for temperature contrasts (by photorespiration plus viscosity effects) and Sciences and Grantham Institute for approximately for aridity contrasts. The theory explains the dependency of c /c ratios on temper- Climate Change, Imperial College, i a d13 Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK ature and vapour pressure deficit, and observed relationships of leaf C and Narea to aridity. *Correspondence: Keywords E-mail: [email protected] Aridity, nitrogen, optimality, photosynthesis, plant functional traits, stable isotopes, stomatal con- ductance, temperature, transpiration, viscosity. -
Vegetation Survey of Batavia Downs, Cape York Peninsula
QR91003 Vegetation survey of Batavia Downs Cape York Peninsula V. J. Neldner, J. R. Clarkson Botany Branch Department of Primary Industries & Brisbane Queensland Government Technical Report This report is a scanned copy and some detail may be illegible or lost. Before acting on any information, readers are strongly advised to ensure that numerals, percentages and details are correct. This report is intended to provide information only on the subject under review. There are limitations inherent in land resource studies, such as accuracy in relation to map scale and assumptions regarding socio-economic factors for land evaluation. Before acting on the information conveyed in this report, readers should ensure that they have received adequate professional information and advice specific to their enquiry. While all care has been taken in the preparation of this report neither the Queensland Government nor its officers or staff accepts any responsibility for any loss or damage that may result from any inaccuracy or omission in the information contained herein. © State of Queensland 1991 For information about this report contact [email protected] Research Establishments Publication QR91003 Vegetation survey of Batavia Downs Cape York Peninsula V. J. Neldner, J. R. Clarkson Botany Branch Department of Primary Industries Brisbane ISSN 0813-4391 Agdex 301/06 This publication was prepared for officers of the Department of Primary Industries. It may be distributed to other interested individuals and organisations. © Queensland Government 1991 Department of Primary Industries, Queensland GPO Box 46 Brisbane Qld4001 Ill Contents List of figures Page iv List of tables iv List of plates iv Summary v 1. -
Burdekin, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Cape York, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Guide to Users Background What is the summary for and where does it come from? This summary has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. It highlights important elements of the biodiversity of the region in two ways: • Listing species which may be significant for management because they are found only in the region, mainly in the region, or they have a conservation status such as endangered or vulnerable. • Comparing the region to other parts of Australia in terms of the composition and distribution of its species, to suggest components of its biodiversity which may be nationally significant. The summary was produced using the Australian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. The list of families covered in ANHAT is shown in Appendix 1. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are are not not included included in the in the summary. • The data used for this summary come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. -
Biodiversity Summary: Wet Tropics, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Australian Orchid Name Index (16/2/2007)
AUSTRALIAN ORCHID NAME INDEX (16/2/2007) by Mark A. Clements and David L. Jones Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research/Australian National Herbarium GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Corresponding author: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The Australian Orchid Name Index (AONI) provides the currently accepted scientific names, together with their synonyms, of all Australian orchids including those in external territories. The appropriate scientific name for each orchid taxon is based on data published in the scientific or historical literature, and/or from study of the relevant type specimens or illustrations and study of taxa as herbarium specimens, in the field or in the living state. Structure of the index: Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Accepted names for taxa are in bold, followed by the author(s), place and date of publication, details of the type(s), including where it is held and assessment of its status. The institution(s) where type specimen(s) are housed are recorded using the international codes for Herbaria (Appendix 1) as listed in Holmgren et al’s Index Herbariorum (1981) continuously updated, see [http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp]. Citation of authors follows Brummit & Powell (1992) Authors of Plant Names; for book abbreviations, the standard is Taxonomic Literature, 2nd edn. (Stafleu & Cowan 1976-88; supplements, 1992-2000); and periodicals are abbreviated according to B-P- H/S (Bridson, 1992) [http://www.ipni.org/index.html]. Synonyms are provided with relevant information on place of publication and details of the type(s). They are indented and listed in chronological order under the accepted taxon name. -
AUSTRALIAN ORCHID NAME INDEX (27/4/2006) by Mark A. Clements
AUSTRALIAN ORCHID NAME INDEX (27/4/2006) by Mark A. Clements and David L. Jones Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research/Australian National Herbarium GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Corresponding author: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The Australian Orchid Name Index (AONI) provides the currently accepted scientific names, together with their synonyms, of all Australian orchids including those in external territories. The appropriate scientific name for each orchid taxon is based on data published in the scientific or historical literature, and/or from study of the relevant type specimens or illustrations and study of taxa as herbarium specimens, in the field or in the living state. Structure of the index: Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Accepted names for taxa are in bold, followed by the author(s), place and date of publication, details of the type(s), including where it is held and assessment of its status. The institution(s) where type specimen(s) are housed are recorded using the international codes for Herbaria (Appendix 1) as listed in Holmgren et al’s Index Herbariorum (1981) continuously updated, see [http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp]. Citation of authors follows Brummit & Powell (1992) Authors of Plant Names; for book abbreviations, the standard is Taxonomic Literature, 2nd edn. (Stafleu & Cowan 1976-88; supplements, 1992-2000); and periodicals are abbreviated according to B-P-H/S (Bridson, 1992) [http://www.ipni.org/index.html]. Synonyms are provided with relevant information on place of publication and details of the type(s). They are indented and listed in chronological order under the accepted taxon name.