Global / China Internet Trends
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Global / China Internet Trends Shantou University / Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business / Hong Kong University November 7, 2005 [email protected] [email protected] 1 Outline • Attributes of Winning Companies • Global Internet • China Internet • Your Questions 2 Attributes of Winning Companies 3 Attributes of Winning Companies… 1. Large market opportunities - it is better to have 10%, and rising, market share of a $1 billion market than 100% of a $100M market 2. Good technology/service that offers a significant value/service proposition to its customers 3. Simple, direct mission and strong culture 4. Missionary (not mercenary), passionate, maniacally-focused founder(s) 5. Technology magnets (never underestimate the power of great engineers) 6. Great management team / board of directors / committed partners 7. Ability to lead change and embrace chaos 8. Leading/sustainable market position with first-mover advantage 9. Brand leadership, leading reach and market share 10.Global presence 4 …Attributes of Winning Companies 11. Insane customer focus and rapidly growing customer base 12. Stickiness and customer loyalty 13. Extensible product line(s) with focus on constant improvement and regeneration 14. Clear, broad distribution plans 15. Opportunity to increase customer “touch points” 16. Strong business and milestone momentum 17. Annuity-like business with sustainable operating leverage assisted by barriers-to-entry 18. High gross margins 19. Path to improving operating margins 20. Low-cost infrastructure and development efforts 5 Global Internet 6 Internet Data Points: Global… Global N. America = 23% of Internet users in 2005; was 66% in 1995 S. Korea Broadband penetration of 70%+ - No. 1 in world China More Internet users < age of 30 than anywhere 7 …Internet Data Points: Communications… Broadband 179MM global subscribers (+45% Y/Y, CQ2); 57MM in Asia; 45MM in N. America Mobile 1.1T SMSs sent with $50B in revenue in 2004 (Informa 5/05); Messaging more emails sent in Japan via mobile than PC (DoCoMo 2005) 61MM registered Skype users (10/05) - fastest product ramp VoIP ever? Denmark VoIP minutes > landline voice minutes Tencent 16MM peak simultaneous Instant Message users, China, CQ2 8 …Internet Data Points: Content… 7.6B global searches (+74% Y/Y, 5/05); 384MM global unique Google visitors (+36%, 5/05) per comScore Personalization 40MM+ estimated My Yahoo! users Blogging 27% of US Internet users read blogs, 11/04 Yahoo! ~1.6B streaming video (music…) sessions (+100% Y/Y, CQ3) 695MM cumulative iTunes as of 9/05; 7MM iPods sold in Digital Media CQ3:05 (+220% Y/Y); 1MM videos sold in 20 days (10/05) $3B annualized ringtone sales (Informa 5/05) - vs. $495MM Ringtones cumulative iTunes sales (7/05) 9 …Internet Data Points: Payments PayPal 87MM accounts (+53% Y/Y, CQ3); 25MM users (+41% Y/Y) Mobile Payments 4MM+ NTT DoCoMo wallet phone users (CQ1) in Japan 10 Top 5 Global Internet Market Cap Leaders Google + Yahoo! + eBay + Yahoo! Japan + Amazon.com • $ 2B = market value - pre-2000 IPO • $178B = market value - Nasdaq peak – 3/10/00 • $ 32B = market value - Nasdaq trough – 10/9/02 • $273B = market value - 10/28/05 For Google we include $100MM in post-money valuation 11 Significant Infrastructure Builds… Capital Expenditures (US$ in Millions) C2003 C2004 C2005E Google $177 $319 $796 Y/Y 375% 80% 150% Yahoo! $117 $246 $405 Y/Y 128% 109% 65% eBay (1) $365 $293 $381 Y/Y 163% (20%) 30% Amazon.com $46 $89 $200 Y/Y 17% 94% 124% Source: Company filings, Morgan Stanley Research. Figures exclude capital expenditures from acquired companies. (1) C2003 includes $125.1MM purchase of additional office space. E = Morgan Stanley Research estimates. 12 …Significant Infrastructure Builds To organize all the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful. -Google’s Mission Statement 13 Communications Changing / Being Changed 1975 2005 Mobile VoIP IM Pace of innovation across communication devices, services and networks continues to rise Landline Phone Email Blogs 14 Communications = 44% (& Rising) of US Online Usage 100% 90 80 70 60 50 Communications 40 30 20 % of Time Spent on Activity % of Time Spent 10 0 Email IM Voice Browsing / Discussion / Search Other Chat Source: comScore Media Metrix, based on average minutes per visitor by category (8/05). Browsing / Other includes general web-surfing activity not listed in other categories, including anything from news sites (cnn.com) to retail (Amazon.com) to job sites. 15 Hierarchy of Needs? 1943 - Maslow 2005 - ? ;) Self- actualization Internet / Mobile Phone Esteem Belonging Shelter Safety Food / Water Physiological Created for discussion purposes and perhaps a bit of humor. Not intended to discredit Maslow’s hierarchy of needs which we believe to be accurate. 16 Global Users / Innovation Internet Users – 1B Mobile Subscribers – 2B C2005E (1) C2005E (2) N. America N. America 11% South 23% South America America 11% 5% Europe 19% Europe 24% ROW 12% Asia ROW Pacific 18% 36% Asia Pacific 41% (1) Source: Morgan Stanley Research. (2) Source: Morgan Stanley Communications Equipment Research: Scott Coleman, John Marchetti. 17 In / Entering Major Computing Cycles 4 major computing cycles over past 50 years Mainframe Æ Minicomputer Æ PC Æ PC Internet (Narrowband) In / entering 2 most profound cycles ever PC Internet (Broadband) Æ Mobile Internet Why now? 1) Broadband becoming pervasive 2) Internet-enabled mobile devices becoming pervasive - in effect, becoming small / functional computers 3) Global technology innovation may be at all time high 18 Broadband Becoming Pervasive 80 60% 70 Broadband Ramp in 50% 60 25-30% Penetration Sweet Spot… 40% 50 40 30% (MM) 30 20% 20 10% 10 US Residential Broadband Households Households Broadband Residential US 0 0% 2002 2003 2004 2005E 2006E 2007E 2008E 2009E 2010E 2011E US Residential Broadband Households % of Total US Households Morgan Stanley Research. 19 Mobile Broadband in Early Stages Global 2.5G / 3G Penetration 1,600 60% 1,400 50% 1,200 40% 1,000 800 30% 600 20% Subscribers (MM) 400 10% % of Total Wireless Subscribers 200 0 0% 2005E 2006E 2007E 2008E 2009E 2.5G Subscribers 3G Subscribers % 2.5G Penetration % 3G Penetration Source: Morgan Stanley Telecom, Internet Research. 20 Broadband vs. Mobile Internet Revenue Composition? Top 10 Internet Companies - Revenue Composition Revenue Composition - Mobile Internet CQ2 Annualized - $28B C2005E - $19B Payments 3% Music & Video Personalization (1) 4% Games 35% 10% Advertising Gambling 36% 1% Search / 411 Commerce 16% Other Info & 61% Infotainment Enterprise 24% Services 10% Source: Left Chart - Morgan Stanley Research estimates: includes revenue from Google, eBay, Yahoo!, Yahoo! Japan, Amazon.com, T-Online, InterActive, Time Warner (AOL only), Microsoft (MSN only), and Rakuten. Right Chart – Morgan Stanley Research estimates, Global Data. Informa (5/05), Ovum (5/05). (1) Personalization includes ringtones, wallpapers, and screensavers. If SMS / MMS were added to Mobile Internet—it would add $55B to total revenue and would account for 74% of total revenue. 21 Global Internet Thesis 10-15% user growth 20-30% usage growth 30%+ monetization growth 22 China Internet 23 China Internet China Internet Potential to reach more Most consumers + Chinese consumers than = Size (1.3B) other industries Fastest growing economy Fastest growing (19x GDP expansion + industry in China = Growth over past 20 years) 24 -1- Growing Faster than Other Markets…with More Potential • China leads world in mobile subscribers • China ranks No. 2 in Internet users • More Internet users under the age of 30 than any other country • Growth drivers for Chinese Internet have been / are robust 25 -2- China Internet is Mobile vs. PC-Centric Mobile Users Internet Users Mobile Phone to Installed PCs Country (MM) (MM) Internet User Ratio(MM) China 363 100 3.6:1 53 US 177 211 0.8:1 207 Japan 88 78 1.1:1 55 Germany 69 51 1.4:1 39 UK 54 37 1.5:1 26 Italy 54 32 1.7:1 16 S. Korea 37 32 1.2:1 27 Euromonitor, CNNIC, World Bank, Morgan Stanley Research (July 2005) 26 -3- Internet Helps Bring About Cultural Evolution Pre-Internet Age Post-Internet Age Status Gaping holes Filling in holes Information Regulated (Top 10 Newspapers all Portals (Sina, Sohu)- alternative state-owned) news sources Only 8 model movies during the New entertainment formats, such Entertainment Cultural Revolution as Online Gaming (Shanda, NetEase) Interaction Deficient due to one-child policy Instant messaging (Tencent) and MVAS (TOM Online, Sina) offer connectivity Source: Morgan Stanley Research. 27 -4- Foreign Interests Accelerating Foreign Entrants Local Targets Dates Transaction Type Market Position of Target eBay EachNet Jul-03 Acquisition No. 1 in online auction Yahoo! 3721.com Nov-03 Acquisition No. 2 in paid search Google Baidu Jun-04 Bought 3% Stake No. 1 in paid search InterActive eLong Jul-04 Bought 30% Stake No. 2 in online traveling Amazon.com Joyo Aug-04 Acquisition Leading ecommerce store Monster.com ChinaHR Feb-05 Bought 40% Stake No. 2 in online recruiting Yahoo! Alibaba Aug-05 Bought 40% Stake No. 1 in B2B marketplace Source: Morgan Stanley Research (Market positions were based on our estimates on the dates of transactions) 28 -5- Mergers and Acquisitions Active Vertical integration ‘Hostile’ share purchase ‘Poison Pill’ Shanda vs. Sina Sina vs. Shanda • TOM Online bought Puccini • Sina acquired Memestar & Crillion • Sohu acquired ChinaRen, Focus.net, and 17173.com Horizontal China Internet • Shanda purchased PC game/ mobile game/ casual game integration companies 29 -6- A League of Big Players Industry Companies Industry Rank Market Share Online Advertising Sina No. 1 30% Sohu No. 2 25% Total share = 55% of industry rev Online Gaming Shanda No. 1 39% NetEase No. 2 18% Total share = 58% of industry rev MVAS Sina No.1 16% Tom Online No. 2 15% Tencent No. 3 10% Total share = 41% of industry rev Instant Messaging (IM) Tencent No.