H2172 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2007 COMMUNICATION FROM THE Whereas Dr. Garang skillfully managed to tlewoman from Florida (Ms. ROS- CLERK OF THE HOUSE consolidate his base after the devastating LEHTINEN) each will control 20 minutes. split in the SPLM/A in 1991; The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- The Chair recognizes the gentleman Whereas as the undisputed leader of the from New Jersey. fore the House the following commu- SPLM/A, Dr. Garang demonstrated remark- nication from the Clerk of the House of able political and military leadership for GENERAL LEAVE Representatives: over two decades; Mr. PAYNE. Madam Speaker, I ask Whereas Dr. Garang was a soldier, a schol- unanimous consent that all Members HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ar, a statesman, and a father, who had a Washington, DC, March 5, 2007. may have 5 legislative days to revise clear vision and unwavering love for his peo- Hon. NANCY PELOSI, and extend their remarks and include ple and country; Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, extraneous material on the resolution Whereas Dr. Garang fought for 22 years to Washington, DC. under consideration. achieve a just peace for his people, but only DEAR MADAM SPEAKER: Pursuant to the served 21 days as First Vice President of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there permission granted in Clause 2(h) of Rule II Sudan; objection to the request of the gen- of the Rules of the U.S. House of Representa- Whereas Dr. Garang fought not only for tleman from New Jersey? tives, the Clerk received the following mes- the people in Southern Sudan, but also for There was no objection. sage from the Secretary of the Senate on the forgotten and long marginalized people Mr. PAYNE. Madam Speaker, I yield March 2, 2007, at 12:30 pm: That the Senate passed S. 743. of the Nuba Mountains, Southern Blue Nile, myself such time as I may consume. That the Senate agreed to without amend- Darfur, and other regions of the country; I rise in strong support of House Res- ment H. Con. Res. 47. Whereas Dr. Garang worked tirelessly to olution 98. That the Senate agreed to S. Con Res. 16. help build international support for a new Let me begin by thanking Chairman Sudan that would be multi-ethnic, multi-re- Appointments: LANTOS for his leadership in the For- ligious, democratic, and united; eign Affairs Committee, which allowed British-American Interparliamentary Whereas the new Sudan envisioned by Dr. Group Garang, if fully realized, would be a country our resolution to come through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Par- in which all Sudanese would live in peace committee, and our ranking member. liamentary Assembly without discrimination and hatred, with And I would like to also give special Canada-United States Interparliamentary equality, pride, and dignity; acknowledgment to Congressman Group Whereas Dr. Garang creatively and pains- Mexico-United States Interparliamentary FRANK Wolf, who for many, many takingly managed the often conflicting aspi- years, even preceding my entrance to Group rations of his people for an independent With best wishes, I am, Congress, was working on issues deal- Southern Sudan and his vision for a new ing with the problem in Sudan. And he Sincerely, Sudan; LORRAINE C. MILLER, Whereas the Comprehensive Peace Agree- worked very closely with the late Dr. Clerk of the House. ment, which was signed by the Government John Garang de Mabior to help bring f of Sudan and the SPLM/A on January 9, 2005, about peace in southern Sudan. ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER provides Southern Sudan the right to self de- Madam Speaker, H. Res. 98 honors termination through a referendum after six PRO TEMPORE the life and achievements of Dr. John years and also offers the northern establish- Garang de Mabior and reaffirms the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- ment in Sudan the opportunity to make continued commitment of the House of ant to clause 8 of rule XX, the Chair unity attractive during the interim period; Representatives to a just and lasting Whereas on July 8, 2005, millions of people will postpone further proceedings peace in Sudan. The resolution honors today on motions to suspend the rules throughout Sudan came to show their sup- port in Khartoum when Dr. Garang was the life and achievements of Dr. on which a recorded vote or the yeas sworn in as First Vice President of Sudan; Garang; reaffirms its commitment to a and nays are ordered, or on which the and just and lasting peace in the Republic vote is objected to under clause 6 of Whereas on July 30, 2005, Dr. John Garang of Sudan; calls for the full implementa- rule XX. died in a helicopter crash returning to tion of the Comprehensive Peace Record votes on postponed questions Southern Sudan from Uganda: Now, there- Agreement without delay; strongly will be taken later today. fore, be it Resolved, That the House of Representa- urges the people of southern Sudan and f tives— its leaders to continue to support Dr. HONORING THE LIFE AND (1) honors the life and achievements of Dr. Garang’s vision for a new Sudan; and ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE LATE John Garang de Mabior; strongly supports the creation of a Dr. DR. JOHN GARANG DE MABIOR (2) reaffirms its commitment to a just and John Garang de Mabior Institute for lasting peace in the Republic of the Sudan; Agriculture, Peace, and Economic De- Mr. PAYNE. Madam Speaker, I move (3) calls for full implementation of the velopment in southern Sudan. to suspend the rules and agree to the Comprehensive Peace Agreement without Dr. Garang had a vision for a new resolution (H. Res. 98) honoring the life any delay; Sudan, a Sudan which is multicultural, and achievements of the late Dr. John (4) strongly urges the people of Southern Sudan and its leaders to continue to support multi-ethnic, and peaceful. He fought Garang de Mabior and reaffirming the for 21 years as the leader of the Suda- continued commitment of the House of Dr. Garang’s vision for a new Sudan; (5) strongly urges the full commitment of nese People’s Liberation Movement/ Representatives to a just and lasting the United States, the United Nations, the Army to achieve a just peace for his peace in the Republic of the Sudan, as European Union, the African Union, and the people but only served 21 days as the amended. League of Arab States to support Dr. first Vice President of Sudan before The Clerk read as follows: Garang’s vision for a new Sudan by endors- being killed in a tragic and mysterious H. RES. 98 ing democratic elections throughout Sudan helicopter crash on July 30, 2005, in his in 2009, as provided by the Comprehensive Whereas Dr. John Garang de Mabior, Peace Agreement; region of south Sudan where he was to founder and leader of the Sudan People’s (6) strongly supports the creation of a Dr. be sworn in as President. Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), was John Garang de Mabior Institute for Agri- Dr. John, as he was affectionately born on June 23, 1945, in Bor, Sudan; culture, Peace, and Economic Development called, was a powerful human being and Whereas Dr. Garang joined the Anya-Nya in Southern Sudan; and Movement in 1970, a liberation movement in a symbol of a people’s freedom from op- (7) directs the Clerk of the House of Rep- Southern Sudan, and after the 1972 Addis pression. Dr. John was born into a poor resentatives to transmit an enrolled copy of Ababa Peace Agreement, he became a mem- family of the Dinka ethnic group in the this resolution to the Secretary of State ber of the Sudanese Armed Forces; Upper Nile region of Sudan. He was or- with a request that the Secretary transmit Whereas as Deputy Director of the Mili- it to Dr. Garang’s widow, Rebecca Garang, phaned by the age of 10 but supported tary Research Branch of the Sudanese and to the Government of Southern Sudan, by his family members. When the first Armed Forces, Dr. Garang demonstrated his through the Office of the Sudan People’s Lib- civil war started in 1962, he was too leadership abilities in the early stages of his eration Movement (SPLM) in the District of young to fight and was sent away to military career; Columbia. Whereas Dr. Garang studied economics at school in Tanzania and later came to Grinnell College and received his master of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- the U.S. to get his degree and studied arts and doctorate degrees from Iowa State ant to the rule, the gentleman from at the University of California Berke- University; New Jersey (Mr. PAYNE) and the gen- ley but decided to go back.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:33 Mar 07, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.010 H06MRPT1 ccoleman on PROD1PC60 with HOUSE March 6, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H2173 b 1230 government which, by the way, came Sudan, associated militias and the The fact is that Dr. Garang was a to power in a bloody coup in 1989. This Sudan People’s Liberation Army. person that we honor and respected so same government harbored Osama bin Any analyst will tell you that war is much, and he will live on in that coun- Laden for 5 years between 1991 and 1996. a terrible business, and the war in try. But there was this tragic and mys- He plotted several terrorist attacks Southern Sudan was no exception. terious crash on July 30, 2005, which from there. There were no saints. That said, it is took his life. At the time I was trav- However, the Comprehensive Peace clear that without the leadership of Dr. eling the region in hopes of seeing Dr. Agreement so many people have Garang, it is likely that the oppressors Garang in Southern Sudan to discuss worked for has not been implemented would have succeeded and that the op- the status of the Comprehensive Peace fully, and the genocide in Darfur is not portunity for peace presented by the Agreement. It was a terribly saddening abating. We must be firm with Khar- conclusion of the Comprehensive Peace situation when I received the news of toum. Khartoum must comply with the Agreement for Sudan in 2005 would his crash. CPA. Khartoum must stop the killings have been lost. Besides leaving behind a wife and five in Darfur. Dr. Garang envisioned a united demo- children, he also was mourned by the I urge my colleagues to support the cratic Sudan, a country in which all people of all of Sudan, from east, west, passage of this resolution. citizens enjoyed the freedom to live, to the center, to the north as well as the I also want to take the opportunity worship and to prosper without the south. They all saw him as their hope on the floor of the House of Represent- fear of discrimination or persecution. for future peace and justice in Sudan. atives to congratulate Ghana on 50 If realized, this dream would proffer Thankfully, the number two member years of independence from Britain. untold benefits, not only for the people of the SPLM, Dr. Salva Kiir, was in- Today, people from all over Ghana and of the south, but also for those fighting stalled as the new first vice president all over the world and many heads of inequality in eastern Sudan and of the government of Sudan and Presi- state are celebrating the first Sub-Sa- Darfur. He fought fiercely toward this dent of the government of South haran country to gain its independence end and succeeded in overcoming seem- Sudan, and we are working to help pro- 50 years ago. So the correlation be- ingly insurmountable challenges so fessionalize the government of South- tween the new Southern Sudan and that the south could negotiate with ern Sudan and the SPLA. This is a crit- what happened 50 years ago in Ghana is one voice. ical time for real and lasting peace in very important. After years of negotiations and Sudan. Let us remember that Ghana’s first countless failed attempts, it appeared We must support the government of leader, Kwame Nkrumah, had a broad that Dr. Garang’s efforts would finally Southern Sudan in development efforts vision of African unity. President pay off in January of 2005 as the his- and arrange for elections in 2 years. We Nkrumah did not make a distinction toric peace agreement which would end also must ensure that the people of between north and south. He called it Africa’s longest running civil war was Southern Sudan get the right to self- one continent. His belief is in one Afri- signed in Nairobi, Kenya. His tragic determination through a referendum in ca, one of the underpinnings for Afri- death on July 30, 2005 proved to be the 2011, as provided for in the Comprehen- can unity. first major test of the Comprehensive sive Peace Agreement. So Africa certainly has a long way to Peace Agreement for Sudan. Unfortu- I have followed the crisis in Sudan go, but the continent as a whole is nately, it would not be the last. for most of the last 21 years as the Is- more stable today than it was many It is critical that the United States lamic government in Khartoum waged years ago, and with better governance Government not lose sight of the chal- war against the Sudanese People’s Lib- and use of resources, as well as fairer lenges that remain in implementation. eration Army/Movement and the people trade policies by the U.S. and other Too many innocents have died. It is of the south. More than 4 million peo- Western countries, African countries time for all Sudanese to pursue the ple were displaced from Southern can grow and develop into one of the path toward peace and it is incumbent Sudan, and over 2 million people were most important areas in the world. upon us to help them on their way. killed over the course of this 21 year Madam Speaker, I reserve the bal- I urge my colleagues to support this war. During that time, the National ance of my time. important resolution. Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Madam Speak- Islamist Front Government, led by Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Madam er, I yield myself such time as I may Omar el Bashir, committed innumer- Speaker, I rise today in strong support of H. consume. able brutalities of unimaginable scope Res. 98. I rise to honor the life and achieve- Madam Speaker, I thank Chairman against the people of the South and the ments of the late Dr. John Garang de Mabior. PAYNE for his words. I am also pleased marginalized areas of Southern Blue I rise to reaffirm the continued commitment of to support House Resolution 98, high- Nile and Nuba Mountains. It was the the House of Representatives to a just and lighting the life and achievements of longest running war in Africa until lasting peace in the Republic of the Sudan. the late John Garang and reaffirming January 9, 2005, when the parties Let me express my thanks to Mr. PAYNE and signed the Comprehensive Peace Agree- the commitment of the House to a just Mr. WOLF, the chair and ranking member of ment. and lasting peace in Sudan. the Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health I was in Nairobi for the signing of the While much attention is currently fo- of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, respec- CPA and was cautiously hopeful that cused on the crisis in Darfur and that tively. I also wish to express my appreciation the long awaited peace in Sudan would region of western Sudan, it is critical to the many other co-sponsors of this resolu- work. However, once the north-south that we do not allow ourselves to be- tion who have worked long and hard to help conflict reached a point where an come complacent in the south. After bring about a just and lasting peace in South- agreement was imminent, the govern- all, it was in the south that over 20 ern Sudan. ment began its attack on the innocent years of war between the government Madam Speaker, the life of Dr. John Garang civilians in Darfur. With the help of in Khartoum and the Sudan People’s de Mabior, ‘‘Dr. John,’’ as he was affection- the Janjaweed, the National Congress Liberation Army left over 2 million ately called, is testimony to mankind’s innate Party, formerly the National Islamic people dead and 4 million others dis- capacity to do good and a powerful symbol of Front, had destroyed villages and com- placed. It was in the south that the a peoples’ struggle for freedom. In honoring munities, and maimed, raped, killed government of Sudan honed its craft in Dr. John today, we also keep alive the dreams and terrorized the people of Darfur. genocide, manipulating ethnic ten- of his people. One day peace and justice will In the annual Country Report on sions, arming proxy militias, con- flow like milk and honey for all people through- Human Rights released today, the ducting aerial bombardments of civil- out Southern Sudan. State Department called Darfur ‘‘the ians and engaging in forced displace- Dr. John was born into a poor family of the most sobering reality in 2006.’’ Over ment, mass murder, looting, torture Dinka ethnic group, in the Upper Nile Region 400,000 are dead; more than 2.5 million and rape. It was also in the south that of Sudan. He was orphaned by the age of 10 displaced. a generation of boys was lost, having but was supported by his family members. It The people of Sudan have suffered been forcibly conscripted to serve as truly took a village to raise a child and what tremendously under the hands of this child soldiers for the Armed Forces of a child he was!

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:33 Mar 07, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.015 H06MRPT1 ccoleman on PROD1PC60 with HOUSE H2174 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2007 When the civil war broke out in 1962, Dr. paign of displacement, starvation, rape, mass It is also not too early to begin the hard John was too young to fight and was sent murder, and terror as we are witnessing in thinking and hard work needed to transform away to high school in Tanzania. In 1969, he Darfur for the last 3 years. At least 400,000 the Darfur region from killing field to economi- earned a scholarship attend Grinnell College people have been killed; more than 2 million cally, politically, and socially viable and peace- in Iowa. After graduation he could have at- innocent civilians have been forced to flee ful community. This work will, of course, re- tended graduate school at the University of their homes and now live in displaced-persons quire the active and purposeful engagement of California at Berkeley but turned it down, camps in Sudan or in refugee camps in neigh- the United States and other key stakeholders, choosing instead, to return to Tanzania to boring Chad; and more than 3.5 million men, such as China, and the Arab League. In this study agricultural economics where he could women, and children are completely reliant on connection, I have been engaged in an on- be closer to his people. international aid for survival. Unless the world going dialogue with government representa- In 1972, Dr. John joined the Sudanese mili- stirs from its slumber and takes concerted and tives of Egypt, a dialogue that has already tary and became a career soldier. He eventu- decisive action to relieve this suffering, the on- yielded significant dividends. For example, ally took a leave and earned his doctorate in going genocide in Darfur will stand as one of Egypt has implemented several fast track agricultural economics from the University of the blackest marks on humankind for centuries projects in southern Sudan in different sectors Iowa. But a life of academic repose was not to come. The people of Darfur cannot wait. involving health, agriculture, electricity, irriga- for Dr. John for he was a man of action and The time has come for decisive leadership tion, infrastructure, and education in order to passion. And the actions and passions of his from the United States. make unity an even more attractive option to time called him to a life of struggle on behalf It has been more than 2 years since I and the people of south Sudan. of the oppressed people of his country. my colleagues in the Congressional Black It must be noted that no just and lasting In 1983, Dr. John left the military and joined Caucus Darfur Task Force met with Secretary peace in Sudan can be achieved without the the newly created Sudanese Peoples’ Libera- Colin Powell to press successfully for the ad- responsible intervention of China. For too long tion Army, a movement opposed to the impo- ministration to declare that the campaign of China, which is Sudan’s biggest oil customer, sition of Sharia law. Thus began his long ca- ethnic cleansing and atrocities carried out has also served as Khartoum’s enabler and reer as the political and military leader of the against civilians primarily by the Government protector by preventing the U.N. Security people of Southern Sudan. of Sudan and its allied Janjaweed militias is Council from imposing more serious sanctions Throughout this struggle, Dr. John devel- genocide. on Sudan in response to the genocide and oped a strong political and personal relation- It has been more than a year since I flew to crimes against humanity committed in Darfur. ship with many Members of the House of Rep- Chad and walked across the border to Sudan As former Deputy Secretary of State Robert resentatives. and met with African Union troops who plead- Zoellick stated in a major policy speech on The struggle for justice in Sudan was not a ed for more peacekeeping authority and the China a year ago: ‘‘China should take more partisan issue for Members of Congress. resources to protect the refugees from vio- than oil from Sudan—it should take some re- Strong bonds of collegiality and friendship lence, rather than merely monitor it. After re- sponsibility for resolving Sudan’s human cri- were formed through our efforts to shape U.S. turning from that Congressional delegation, I sis.’’ Based on my meetings with Zhou foreign policy toward Sudan. worked with other Members of Congress to Wenzhong, China’s ambassador to the United In that sense, Dr. John’s life and struggle, secure increased funding to aid the thousands States, I am hopeful that China can be per- and the struggle of the Southern Sudanese of Sudanese displaced to refugee camps in suaded to provide the type of constructive people served to unite Democrats and Repub- Chad and to provide additional funding to as- leadership in Sudan befitting a great power. licans in a common cause for freedom. sist Chad in responding to the humanitarian There is much work to be done and not When I first met with Dr. John in my con- crisis. much time, Madam Speaker. And I have no gressional office, I recall he did not waste It has been almost 2 years since the UN doubt that our response will be worthy of our words. In his soft-spoken way, he laid out very Security Council adopted Resolution 1556 de- responsibility as a world leader. But today, it clearly his vision for Southern Sudan. And, in manding that the government of Sudan disarm is right and good and just to pause, reflect, his highly dignified way, this powerfully char- the Janjaweed. This demand was later fol- and honor the remarkable life of a remarkable ismatic man of deep conviction and strong lowed by Resolution 1706, which authorizes a human being—Dr. John Garang de Mabior, moral character asked for my support and the 20,000 strong U.N. peacekeeping force. which we will do by adopting H. Res. 98. support of the United States Congress on be- It has been 6 months since the Darfur I urge all my colleagues to join me in sup- half of his people. It was clear to me then, as Peace Agreement was brokered in May 2006 porting the resolution. it is now, that Dr. John lived a purposeful life between the Government of Sudan and one Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Madam Speak- of singular devotion to the liberation and well- faction of Darfur rebels. er, I yield back the balance of my time. being of his people. But still the violence continues; indeed, the Mr. PAYNE. Madam Speaker, I have Dr. John’s tragic death in the mountains of violence is escalating. This violence is making no further requests for time, and I Uganda shocked the world. It seems enor- it even more dangerous, if not impossible, for yield back the balance of my time. mously unjust for this man, who brought his most of the millions of displaced persons to The SPEAKER pro tempore. The people through a long and devastating civil return to their homes and for humanitarian re- question is on the motion offered by war, who became Vice President of Sudan, lief agencies to bring food and medical aid. the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. and who later became head of Southern According to Jan Egeland, the U.N.’s top hu- PAYNE) that the House suspend the Sudan, to die in 2005 in a helicopter crash. manitarian official, the situation in Darfur is rules and agree to the resolution, H. Madam Speaker, out of this historic tragedy, ‘‘going from real bad to catastrophic.’’ Res. 98, as amended. the people of Southern Sudan have been We have come full circle. Violence is in- The question was taken. called to carry on. As Dr. John said after being creasing, peace treaties are falling apart, and The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the inaugurated: ‘‘I congratulate the Sudanese again as a member of the Congressional opinion of the Chair, two-thirds being people. This is not my peace or the peace of Black Caucus Darfur Taskforce and a ranking in the affirmative, the ayes have it. al-Bashir; it is the peace of the Sudanese peo- member on the House Judiciary immigration Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Madam ple.’’ subcommittee, I have been meeting with Sec- Speaker, on that I demand the yeas Madam Speaker, the recognition this House retary of State Condoleezza Rice seeking an and nays. today gives Dr. John Garang de Mabior increase in the number of refugee visas for The yeas and nays were ordered. should also remind us of the importance of re- Darfur students to come to the United States The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- doubling our resolve to end the genocide in to study. I will continue my ongoing, unceasing ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the Darfur. There is wide-spread and broad- efforts to end the suffering in Darfur and bring Chair’s prior announcement, further based consensus in America and between peace to Sudan. These efforts include inten- proceedings on this question will be Democrats and Republicans that the ongoing sifying my discussions with Secretary Rice, postponed. genocide in Darfur is intolerable and must be the United States Ambassador to the United ended. Thus, this is an area in which there is Nations, representatives of the Arab League, f ample opportunity for the Congress and the and humanitarian groups such as Human Bush administration to find common ground to Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and var- NATO FREEDOM CONSOLIDATION alleviate the overwhelming suffering in Darfur. ious African public policy groups to discuss ACT OF 2007 Not since the Rwandan genocide of 1994 ways and means of bringing peace to that Mr. TANNER. Madam Speaker, I has the world seen such a systematic cam- troubled land. move to suspend the rules and pass the

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