ALL-TERRAIN MOBILITY FOR ALL The Global Vehicle Trust CONTENTS

The Founder 4 The Problem 5 The Expert & The Solution 6 Prototypes 10 Testing 12 The OX Difference 14 Benchmarking 16 Flat Pack 18 Self Assembly 19 Approach Angles and Loading 20 Load Carrying & Seating 21 ALL-TERRAIN MOBILITY FOR ALL Technical Specifications 24 Sir Torquil Norman 26 The Global Vehicle Trust oxgvt.com Professor Gordon Murray 27 4 5

THE FOUNDER THE PROBLEM

Between leading the pioneering redevelopment of The Across the developing world there is an intense need Those vehicles that do exist are often designed for quite Roundhouse in North London through his charity (The Norman for improved transport both for everyday living and in different purposes, are too heavy, too complicated and Trust) and writing a book, Torquil Norman was pondering the emergencies. Many millions of people in poor countries unsuited to local conditions. world motor industry’s obsession with supplying heavier and are trapped in a life of poverty and drudgery, exploited more complex cars to around just 20% of the world’s population. by a small minority of their co-habitants. The clear consequence is that young people leave their villages for the large cities or attempt to move to more Further excited by Tony Howarth’s ‘Africar’ project to create a Food, water, medicine, schools and transport are prosperous areas... vehicle specifically for the developing world, Sir Torquil was dependent for their daily needs on unreliable vehicles encouraged to take his thinking further. and uncertain availability. 6 7

THE EXPERT THE COLLABORATION

The Norman Trust briefed world-renowned car designer Gordon “The OX design and prototyping programme is undoubtedly one of the Murray, on a unique humanitarian programme to create a most interesting and challenging I have undertaken during my 45 years lightweight truck designed for the developing world. of car design, including my years in F1! The added challenge of a flat-packed vehicle design over the already tough targets for cost,durability and weight saving made for a fascinating and stimulating journey from concept to prototype. The most satisfying elements of the project for me are that the OX will make such a difference to so many people and that it has no competitor in any part of the world. It has been a privilege to work alongside Torquil to make his vision a reality.” Professor Gordon Murray CEO & Technical Director, Gordon Murray Design

THE SOLUTION

• A vehicle that will provide mobility for rural areas in developing countries with poor infrastructure • Lightweight, rugged and durable to maximise payload for goods and people • Capable of operating in adverse terrain and hostile conditions • Low cost, simple maintenance and fewer parts • Designed for self-assembly using simple procedures and instructions • Supplied fully assembled or flat-packed for easy shipping and local assembly WAS BORN 10 11

PROTOTYPING AND BUILD 12 13

EXTENSIVE TESTING INCLUDING MILLBROOK, UK AND IDIADA, SPAIN. 14 15

WHY THE OX IS DIFFERENT THE PROTOTYPES PERFORMED Technical ABOVE EXPECTATIONS...

n No need for 4-wheel drive n Power-train Four-wheel drive systems add weight, complexity and cost to a The current power-train is an ultra-reliable Ford 2.2l diesel n Central driving position vehicle, reduce ground clearance and increase tyre wear and fuel system. As technologies develop, it could be switched to for easy positioning on and consumption. Through clever and innovative design, the 2-wheel an electrical or, for example, a hydrogen-powered system. off road and can be used in drive OX has most of the attributes of a 4-wheel drive vehicle, At present, these systems are not easily re-fuelled in the left- and right-hand drive without the negative aspects. developing world. countries The OX has been specifically designed to perform as well or better than a 4-wheel drive vehicle in most situations, whilst n Structure n A light vehicle weighing offering low cost and durable mobility. It is worth noting that one At the heart of the OX is a strong but light sub-assembly that just 1,600 kg, combined of the world’s most successful all-terrain vehicles is the 2-wheel functions as a chassis, and the external shell is of all-flat, with fully independent drive Renault 4L, with more than 8 million sold. extremely strong bonded-wood composite. The glass panels OXGlide™ suspension are also flat, which keeps initial costs low, and facilitates allowing it to travel smoothly n Ground clearance compact storage in the replacement-parts supply chain, thus over rough ground Covering rough ground depends less upon the number of driven keeping maintenance costs down. wheels than the balance and the ground clearance of the vehicle. n Proven 2.2-litre turbo So the OX is driven by two wheels, which allows a great deal more diesel Ford engine, for ground clearance without the need for very large wheels and excellent performance, costly tyres. In addition, its wide wheel-base allows it to follow the economy and reliability tracks of larger vehicles on unpaved roads.

n Grip n 12v power socket n Wide track, high n Front-wheel-drive with n Overall length n Removable The OX grips the surface over which it is travelling very effectively to power electrical ground clearance, weight distribution of 71% similar to an average canopy – can because it has fully independent OXGlide™ suspension on all four equipment and short overhangs and over the front axle when car but with a payload be used as an wheels. This also makes the vehicle much more stable over rough accessories uncluttered underside. unloaded and 50% when of up to 2,000 kg – emergency ground than is usually the case with off-road vehicles. More than one metre fully loaded, producing easy double most current shelter wading depth handling in both modes pick ups! 16 17

ALL-TERRAIN COMPARISONS ALL-TERRAIN COMPARISONS An all-terrain vehicle should have the following features if it is going to be truly effective in coping with mud, deep sand, deep ruts, steep An all-terrain vehicle which is designed to service communities in rural areas at a reasonable cost should have the following features: climbs, deep wading, highly cambered surfaces and dusty conditions: OX 4x4 Cab Truck 4x4 Passenger Vehicle Condition Feature OX 4x4 Cab Truck 4x4 Passenger Vehicle Low-cost spare parts L L L Rutted Roads All-independent suspension L L L Bolt-on body panels L L L Steep Climbs At least 45° approach and departure angle L L L Common suspension parts LH and RH L L L Rutted Roads Very good ramp-over angle L L L Simple accident damage repair L L L Deep Sand Smooth underside L L L In-field chassis repair L L L Mud & Sand Lightweight L L L Flat packing L L L Traction High percentage of weight over driven wheels L L L DIY assembly L L L Wading Good wading depth – engine running L L L High load-carrying capacity (2,000 kg) Wading Good wading depth – engine stop/start L L L L L L Dust Fully sealed fuel filler / air filter / water header L L L High load people carrier (13 people) L L L Rutted Ramps High ground clearance – fully laden L L L Small, manoeuvrable vehicle L L L Rutted Roads Wide track L L L Flexible load space L L L Traction & Grip Good tyres L L L Low floor load L L L Steep Banks Traversing angle L L L 8 x 44-gal water/fluid drums carrying capacity L L L Steep Roads Low centre of gravity L L L 3 x 150 pallet carrying capacity L L L Rutted Roads Long wheel travel L L L High-capacity cabin stowage L L L Low-angle loading ramp L L L 1,200km range L L L Simple windscreen repair L L L Zero corrosion body L L L Three-seat cab L L L Central driving position L L L 18 19

AND IT IS CAPABLE OF BEING FLAT-PACKED... DESIGNED FOR SELF-ASSEMBLY...

The OX is tightly arranged in its own load-bearing flat-pack after section. It Three trained (but not necessarily expert) people can put an OX is then transferred to a container (six OXen to a 40ft high-cube container, together locally in approximately 12 hours. The vehicle can be three times as many as most vehicles). As well as being more ecologically supplied fully assembled if preferred. sound than assembly-line manufacture, this system means that OXen can be quickly transported to where they are needed and may benefit from reduced import duty.

* Six units in 40ft high-cube container 20 21

THE DETAILS – APPROACH ANGLES, LOAD-CARRYING AND SEATING LADEN MASS AND CENTRE OF GRAVITY

Approach Angles Load Path Laden-Mass Inertia Forces Load-Carrying Capacity 8 x 44-gallon drums, or 3 x Euro pallets

Centre of Gravity - Fully Laden

50% 50%

45° 55°

139° 23

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 24 25

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

DIMENSIONS & SPECIFICATIONS ENGINE CHASSIS

Type Length 4681 mm Fuel Tank Capacity 150 Litres 4-Cylinder 16-Valve Diesel Ford PT22 Main Frame Welded Steel Sections Capacity Width 2070 mm Weight Distribution (Kerb) 71% Front 29% Rear 2198 cc Body Frame Welded Steel Sections Bore Height 2385 mm Weight Distribution (Fully Laden) 50% Front 50% Rear 86 mm Body Engineered Laminated Panels Stroke Track 1788 mm Turning Circle 11.9 m 94.6 mm Mechanically Fastened Comp. Ratio TM Wheelbase 2955 mm Wheel Size 16 in 15.5 : 1 Front OXGlide Suspension Leading Arms – Hydraulic, Power Dry Weight 1600 kg Tyre Size 205/80 R16 114 KW (100 HP) @ 3500 rpm Telescopic Dampers and Coil Torque Gross Vehicle Weight 3500 kg Load Area Length 2865 mm 385 Nm @ 1300 - 2100 rpm Springs, Progressive-Rate Payload 1900 kg Load Area Width 1863 mm Geometry and Progressive-Rate 3 TRANSMISSION Front Brakes 300 mm Dia Ventilated Discs Load Area Volume (to sides) 3.95 m Bump Stops. 3 TM Rear Brakes 280 mm Dia Solid Discs Load Area Volume (maximum) 8.87 m Rear OXGlide Suspension Trailing Arms – Hydraulic, Gearbox Brakes Power Assisted Width Between Wheel Arches 1325 mm 5 Speed Telescopic Dampers and Gear Change Handbrake Cable - Rear Wheels Cabin Stowage 500 Litres All Synchromesh – Manual Triple-Rate Coil Springs, Clutch Steering Rack and Pinion Ground Clearance (Powertrain) 250 mm Single Plate – Dry Progressive-Rate Geometry Output Gearchange Cable Ground Clearance (Chassis) 400 mm CV Joints – Drive Shafts FWD and Progressive-Rate Bump Stops Instrumentation Speedometer - Fuel Gauge - Water Gauge Wading Depth 1300 mm Lighting Head - Tail - Indicators - Fog Approach Angle 45 Degrees Ventilation Head - Feet - Manual Departure Angle 55 Degrees Windscreen Three-Piece Laminated Ramp Break-Over Angle 19 Degrees Windscreen Wipers Triple - Electric Traversing Turnover angle (Kerb) 53 Degrees Electrical System 12 Volt Traversing Turnover Angle (Fully Laden) 48 Degrees NB: Specification is subject to change during development. 26 27

SIR TORQUIL NORMAN PROFESSOR GORDON MURRAY

Torquil Norman studied law and economics at Cambridge and people. After retiring from Bluebird Toys plc, in 1996 he bought Professor Gordon Murray is CEO and Technical Director at Gordon The Company’s first project, the McLaren F1 road car, is still Harvard. He went on to work as a banker for over 10 years (1957-67), the famous old railway engine shed in Camden, the Roundhouse, Murray Design. Born in Durban, South Africa in 1946, Gordon gained regarded as the world’s best-engineered car. A racing version won at J.P. Morgan and Company in New York and at Philip Hill, Higginson through the Norman Trust. Over the following 11 years, in addition a Mechanical Engineering Diploma from Natal Technical College. two World Sportscar Championships and the Le Mans 24-hour race Erlanger’s in London, followed by a further five years as General to its own contribution of over £7million, the Trust raised more on its first attempt in 1995. McLaren Cars then completed several Manager of Mineral Separation Ltd, a large industrial holding than £30 million to buy the building and its adjacent car park and He designed, built and raced his own sports car (IGM Ford) in the other successful projects culminating in the Mercedes-Benz SLR company, with particular responsibility for its smaller companies. refurbish the entire complex as a centre for young people from all National Class in South Africa during 1967 and 1968. McLaren programme. backgrounds to work in a wide range of the arts – from music and From 1973 he became the Chief Executive of toy manufacturing theatre to all modern media including radio, TV production and In 1969 Gordon moved to the UK and joined the Formula Gordon left McLaren in 2005 to set up his new company, Gordon company, Berwick Timpo Ltd and, between 1980 and 1996 was other associated skills. One team as Technical Director, winning two World Championships Murray Design Limited. The new British company, operating from Executive Chairman of the successful Bluebird Toys plc, which (1981 & 1983) during his 17 years with the team. Gordon joined Shalford in Surrey, aims to be the world leader in automotive during the years from 1980 to 1995 grew from zero to sales of almost The Roundhouse Studios have since worked with around 40,000 McLaren Racing as Technical Director in 1988 and three consecutive design and reverses the current industry trend for sub-contracting £100m. young people and the Roundhouse main space has become one of Championship wins (1988, 1989 and 1990) followed. 1990 saw by having a complete in-house capability for design, prototyping London’s most popular centres for entertainment and education. Gordon move away from , after 50 Grand Prix wins, to and development. The company remains compact and focused and Torquil has been involved with a wide range of charitable enterprises, enable him to concentrate his efforts on establishing a new company undertakes automotive and other engineering programmes in an including the Roundhouse Trust, Airborne Assault, The Fleet Air Arm After retiring from the Roundhouse he devoted two years to writing for the Group – McLaren Cars Ltd. efficient and innovative way. Museum and the Tavistock Clinic Foundation, among others. the well regarded book Kick the Tyres Light the Fires about the way In 1986, Torquil and his wife Anne, as parents of five children, Britain was being governed... and should be governed. Since then he founded the Norman Trust, a charity to support children and young has devoted his time to the OX project with Gordon Murray. Registered address:

Global Vehicle Trust, c/o Katten Muchin Rosenman UK LLP, 65 St. Paul’s Churchyard, London EC4M 8AB.

E [email protected] W oxgvt.com