Zum Neuen Naturbezug in Der Popkultur Der Gegenwart

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Zum Neuen Naturbezug in Der Popkultur Der Gegenwart 2016-08-16 11-29-06 --- Projekt: transcript.anzeigen / Dokument: FAX ID 0178437731119544|(S. 1- 2) VOR1639.p 437731119552 Aus: Johannes Springer, Thomas Dören (Hg.) Draußen Zum neuen Naturbezug in der Popkultur der Gegenwart September 2016, 304 Seiten, kart., zahlr. Abb., 29,99 €, ISBN 978-3-8376-1639-2 Die Popkultur ist wieder vermehrt von Naturbezügen geprägt. In Songs, Fil- men, Romanen, in der Auseinandersetzung mit Vergemeinschaftungen und dem eigenen Körper tauchen Wälder, Folkgitarren und grüne Hipster auf. Doch diese Phänomene sind keine naive Rückkehr zur Hippiekultur – sie werden zu dem der Popkultur ganz eigenen Spiel mit den gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen. Die Beiträger_innen widmen sich diesem neuen Naturbezug in der Popkultur und thematisieren dabei u.a. New Weird America und Festivalkultur, Auto- renfilme und »Avatar«, Indie Folk und Vollbärte sowie Neuinterpretationen von Klassikern wie Vashti Bunyan oder Ken Kesey. Johannes Springer (Dipl.-Pol.) forscht und unterrichtet zu Fragen populärer Kultur u.a. an der Hochschule Osnabrück. Thomas Dören (M.A.) ist Kulturwissenschaftler und -arbeiter. Weitere Informationen und Bestellung unter: www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-1639-2 © 2016 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2016-08-16 11-29-06 --- Projekt: transcript.anzeigen / Dokument: FAX ID 0178437731119544|(S. 1- 2) VOR1639.p 437731119552 Inhaltsverzeichnis 7 Einleitung Johannes Springer und Thomas Dören 25 Von einem Berglöwen gefressen werden. Die Natur als Widerständigkeit in der utopischen Literatur Millay Hyatt 35 Verloren in einem diamantenen Tag? Die onto logische Unbestimmtheit der Hippie-Kultur und ihre Remediatisierung im New Weird America. ­Eine­­kultur-­und­medientheoretische­Reflexion­­ auf Vashti Bunyans Stimme Jochen Bonz 65 »The newness, the newness of all«. Intensitäten und Kartierungen von Naturerfahrung im US-amerikanischen Indie Folk Thomas Ebke 97 Den Kopf auf dem Land freibekommen? Eine Relektüre künstlerischer »Zurück zur Natur«- Experimente­der­70er­Jahre Keith Halfacree 119 Musikfestivals als »zyklische Orte«: Fairport’s­Cropredy­Convention Chris Anderton 139 »Du solltest jetzt eigentlich groß genug sein«: Homosoziale Bindungen und die Männlichkeit der Wildnis in Ken Keseys Manchmal ein großes Verlangen Jill E. Anderson 163 Zwischen Bären und Hipstern: Vollbärte­im­Kontext­geschlechtlicher­und­­sexueller­ Identitäten­in­den­westlichen­2000ern Thomas Dören 183 Das ist nicht unser Land: Das Kino von Ben Rivers Michael Sicinski 199 Eine natürliche Welt in der künstlichen. Die mythisierte Wildnis in Sean Penns Into the Wild Benjamin Moldenhauer 215 Naturpornografie ­in­Avatar Dan Podjed 235 Dual Nature – Pop Art und der Ursprung eines kritischen Naturbegriffs Tobias Lander 259 Aufbruch in die Höhe. Ein naturnaher Erfahrungsbericht Elke Krasny 275 »Im Pop kann es ›Natur‹ nur ›Over the rainbow‹ geben« Ein Interview mit Didi Neidhart. Von Johannes Springer 301 Autor_innen Einleitung JOHANNES SPRINGER UND THOMAS DÖREN Im Rückblick auf das erste Jahrzehnt unseres Jahrhunderts zeigen sich Charakteristika dieser Zeit, die im alltäglichen Erleben als Selbstver- ständlichkeiten erscheinen. Einen solchen Topos unserer Zeit bildet zweifellos das Thema »Natur«.1 In enormer Massierung fanden in den vergangenen Jahren symbolische Einschreibungen in Natur von thema- tisch andockender Literatur, Musik, Bild-Medien, Mode und anderen sozialen und kulturellen Aktivitäten und Bewegungen statt.2 Nicht nur auf der Ebene der kulturellen Produktion hat also ein »greening« statt- gefunden, auch in der akademischen Diskussion dieser Felder haben sich insbesondere Ideen und Konzepte der Ecomusicology, des Ecocriticism und Green Cultural Studies Geltung verschaffen können.3 Vorliegendem 1 Von Natur als erster oder ursprünglicher Natur ist dabei erwartbar selten die Rede. Siehe hierzu u. a. Clark Ausführungen zu »Post-Nature« (2014) oder Mortons Idee von »Ecology without Nature« (2009), die Ideen wie Authentizi- tät, Reinheit, Ganzheit stark in Frage stellen. 2 Wir folgen hier Kleiners Skizzierung von Pop als Feld bzw. kultureller For- mation, die u. a. »Musik, Mode, Sexualität, Jugend, Filme, alltägliche Macht- kämpfe oder Szenebildung angeht.« (Kleiner 2011 46f). 3 Gerade für den Bereich der Ecomusicology trifft dies zu, wo es nun ein Ausgreifen des Ansatzes von Klassikeranalysen zu z. B. Grateful Dead (vgl. Kopp 2009) auf Avant-Pop wie James Ferraros Hypnagogic-Kompositionen (Ottum 2014) oder Joanna Newsoms Folk-Interpretation (Coleman 2014) gibt, wo vorher Pedelty (2012) oder Ingram (2010) Grundlagenarbeit betrieben. Ge- rade im Bereich von Popmusik als (Performance-)Industrie gibt es eine Legion an aktuellem Schrifttum. Zuletzt: Zifkos (2015) und Green et al (2015). Für andere Felder siehe z. B. Hochman (1998). 7 Draußen — Zum neuen Naturbezug in der Popkultur der Gegenwart Buch geht es darum, zu eruieren, welche popkulturellen Schneisen in den letzten Jahren hin zur »Natur« beziehungsweise durch das Dickicht der Naturalisierung geschlagen wurden. Pop scheint uns dabei als Parameter zur Auseinandersetzung mit dem Dispositiv »Natur« in besonderem Maße geeignet zu sein. Zeich- nete sich Pop in den vergangenen 60 Jahren doch beständig durch eine interessante Doppelfunktion aus. Zum einen wirkte Pop als besonders feiner Seismograph, der gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen dadurch an- zeigte, dass er sie in die Zuspitzung führte und überdeutlich ausstellte. Zum anderen entwickelte die Popkultur Alternativen; man denke hier etwa an die großen Popsubkulturen wie die Mods, die Hippies und Punk und ihre gegenkulturellen Weltartikulationen und Werte. Ermutigt durch irritierende Umgangsweisen mit »Natur«, etwa in den musikalisch-sozi- alen Experimenten im Dunstkreis des »New Weird America« (vgl. Keen- an 2003) oder Jewelled Antlers (vgl. Stoppelkamp; Werthschulte 2007), in der Mode Cosmic Wonders (vgl. Momus 2007), in den Fotografien Mark Borthwicks (vgl. Springer 2010), in Peter Coffins Installationen, in Hipster- und queeren Vollbärten (vgl. Dören 2008), in der Renaissance von Denkern wie William Morris durch zeitgenössische Pop-Figuren wie Jeremy Deller oder Darren Hayman, in publizistischen Reihen wie Judith Schalanskys »Naturkunden«, in Filmen Ben Rivers’, Kelly Reichardts, Matthew Lessners (vgl. Springer 2011) oder im Multimedia-Phänomen Will Oldham fanden wir auch bezüglich des generellen Umgangs des Pop mit »Natur« eine entsprechende Doppelfunktion. Und entsprechend: einen besonders vielschichtigen, eigenwilligen und komplexen Umgang mit dem Phänomen. Das Thema gewinnt insbesondere dadurch an Kom- plexität, dass in dieser Naturthematisierung Pop-Prämissen, wie sie etwa Hecken 2012 (S. 96ff) in Abgrenzung zur Populärkultur unter dem Stich- wort Künstlichkeit als zwingende Voraussetzung von Pop formulierte, interessante Varianten erfahren (vgl. z. B. Dören und Neidhart in diesem Band dazu). Zwei wesentliche Beiträge, die zum Ende der Nullerjahre erschie- nen und den Versuch machten, diese popgeschichtlich und theoretisch zu sortieren, waren die weithin diskutierten Bücher zu »Retromania« von Reynolds (2012) auf der einen Seite, Greif (2010, 2011) zum Hipster auf der anderen. Beide thematisieren die popkulturelle Naturbegeisterung dieses Jahrzehnts an zentralen Stellen. Der ansonsten seine recht kultur- pessimistische These von Stagnation und der erstickenden Übermächtig- keit des Vergangenen ausbreitende Reynolds liest den amerikanischen Free-Folk mit seinen Bärten, das »Hinterwäldlerische und Gegenkultu- 8 JOHANNES SPRINGER UND THOMAS DÖREN — Einleitung relle vereinigenden« Orten und mit freien Folk-, Drone-, Free-Jazz-Jams aufwartenden Acts als zumindest ansatzweise das Pendant zum briti- schen Hauntology-Genre (vgl. Reynolds 2012: 311) Ruft man sich in Erinnerung, welche Vergangenheit die britischen Hauntologen in einem Akt von »radical nostalgia« (Bonnett) evozieren, nämlich den technokra- tischen Fortschrittsoptimismus der Nachkriegsjahrzehnte, den »popular modernism« (Fisher), Wohlfahrtsstaat und seine kulturellen Regulations- weisen, dann wird deutlich, wie man diese tentative Analogisierung auch deuten könnte: Free Folk und sein in verschiedenen Formen mit Natur spielendes Zeichenrepertoire als eine Kritik neoliberaler Gegenwart ins- besondere gentrifizierter amerikanischer Großstädte, in denen kollekti- ves Handeln und Leben, wie es diese »Horden« (vgl. Diederichsen 2005) nun performen, immer schwerer geworden ist, über den Umweg radi- kaler Nostalgie.4 Spiegel kommt in seinen umfangreichen, auf Keenans Pionierarbeit aufbauenden, empirischen Arbeiten zu dieser Szene (2012, 2013) zu ähnlichen Folgerungen: »How can ›free folk‹ be described in, or linked to, explicitly political terms? I presented ideas from a variety of texts that see these scenes especially as they manifested and accumu- lated in the mid-2000s) as a »spiritual community of values« fostering a collectivity and creativity that’s opposed to ›Corporate America‹ and a (neo-)conservative articulation of politics and society. Artistic collabo- ration, mutual care, a DIY ethos and a great musical or sonic openness opposing repressive or at least hegemonic form are combined into an al- ternative model of musical-social practice. But the actual chances of such an assemblage’s ›success‹ are hard to delineate.« (Spiegel 2013: 178) 4 Neidhart spricht in diesem Band zu diesem Zusammenhang eher kritisch von »Resignationsorten«. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Gentrifizierung von Innenstädten und kreativen Migrationsbewegungen jedenfalls ist ein vieldis- kutiertes Thema,
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