Top 30 & Climbers

A selection of annual and perennial climbers, climbing shrubs and vines with flowers to help our pollinating insects

List Curated by Thomas McBride From research data collected and collated at the National Botanic Garden of Wales

NB: Butterflies and Moths are not studied at the NBGW so any data on nectar beneficial for them is taken from Butterfly Conservation About Vines and Climbers Climbing plants may be shrubs or herbaceous plants but are characterised by an ability to entwine themselves around trees or non-living structures. Vines, a subsection of climbers, specifically climb by using tendrils which twist around branches or crevasses to stabilise the ; such as passionflowers or grapevines. Some shrubs which may climb walls are also considered climbers, such as firethorn or Japanese wisteria. Other naturally grow up trees and hold on by wrapping their whole stem tightly around the trunk. Examples of these sort of climbers include ivy and . Climbers can be very useful in a garden when used carefully. They can be trained up trellises on walls, obelisk trellises or over the tops of pergolas. They can also be grown up trees or wigwam frames. Climbing plants, on the whole, will not take kindly to being planted in the middle of a border. Some will grow up small shrubs or perennials, others will attempt to grow up themselves, but, in general, it is best to always plant them with a trellis or distinct structure in which to climb up. Map Maps depict the native area of the plant (in green) Guide to using these pages: They also show areas the plant is naturalised (in purple)

Latin Binomial All maps shown Name are derived from ‘Plants of the Common World Online’; English courtesy of Kew Name Gardens

Flowering Period Photograph (this is when it is good of the plant for pollinators!) in flower

Plant Family

Insect groups known to Growing habit favour the and mature size nectar of this of the plant plant

Useful knowledge or warnings about the plant RHS AGM cultivars of this species (or a related species occasionally) i Key to these Pages Warnings

Additional information on these garden plants

This plant would The flowers only be suitable for and/or leaves meadow-style have a Pleasant Plant tissue is highly planting scent toxic if ingested

The plant has edible parts that are Sap may cause irritation Plant is often used in commonly eaten or (Wash hands after touching traditional Herbal Remedies used in cooking or avoid touching)

ii Temperature RHS Hardiness Scale

Some of the plants listed in our Top 200 are not fully H1a - Above 15ºC hardy in all or some parts of the United Kingdom. H1b - Minimum 10ºC Plants without a thermometer symbol are fully hardy in the severest UK Winter; equating to H5 or hardier. H1c - Minimum 5ºC Plants with a coloured thermometer symbol are hardy to varying degrees as follows: H2 - Minimum 1ºC

H3 - Minimum -5ºC

H4 - Minimum -10ºC

H5 - Minimum -15ºC Almost Hardy Half-Hardy Not Frost Hardy Not Hardy (H4) (H3) (H2) (H1) iii Pollinators Our data on pollinators has been collected from studies spanning over a decade. Pollinator symbols appear when plants are proven to be good nectar (a) (b) plants for certain insects. It should be noted that all bee and hoverfly data is ours but lepidoptera data is taken from Butterfly Conservation.

Our data spans a wide range of different insect species. For simplicity, these species have been condensed into six easy icons to represent them: (c) (d) a) Honeybees c) Bumblebees e) Moths b) Hoverflies d) Butterflies f) Solitary Bees (Includes Moths)

(e) (f) iv Actinidia chinensis Golden Kiwi

China

- None - Spring .

Actinidiaceae Kiwi Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Manuel M. V. & Ting Chen (Flower) 1 Actinidia tetramera Rosy Crab-Apple Kiwi

China

Var. maloides Spring .

Actinidiaceae Kiwi Family

12ft Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) BBC Gardeners World 2 grandiflora Chinese Trumpet

East Asia

Related Hybrid: (C. Radicans x C. grandiflora) Summer . Campsis x tagliabuana ‘Madame Galen’

Bignoniaceae Trumpet Vine Family

10ft+ Climber

* This plant will not survive below -10’c night temperatures, protect from very harsh winter nights Photograph from Flickr (CC) Philip Chang 3 Trumpet Vine

N. America

f. flava Summer .

Bignoniaceae Trumpet Vine Family

10ft+ Climber

* This plant will not survive below -10’c night temperatures, protect from very harsh winter nights Photograph from Flickr (CC) Harald Henkel 4 Ceanothus thyrsiflorus N. America Blueblossom Californian-Lilac

‘Mystery Blue’ Mid Spring - Early Summer var. repens

Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family

Medium Shrub*

* This plant will not survive below -10’c night Photograph from Flickr (CC) Kirt Edbom temperatures, protect from very harsh winter nights *C. thyrsiflorus var. repens is a climbing version. 5 Other cultivars are generally more shrub-like in habit. Hedera helix Europe European Ivy

Many AGM varieties Late Summer but none that flower - Late Autumn

Araliaceae Ivy Family

8ft Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Peter Stenzel 6 Humulus lupulus Hops

Afro-Eurasia

‘Aureus’ Summer .

Cannabaceae Cannabis Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph © Thomas McBride 7 Hydrangea anomala Climbing Hydrangea

East Asia

ssp. petiolaris Summer .

Hydrangeaceae Hydrangea Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Linda de Volder 8 Ipomoea purpurea C & S America Purple Morning Glory

None Summer .

Convolvulaceae Bindweed Family

10ft Climbing Perennial

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Maja Dumat * This plant can only be grown outside during the summer (above 5’c night temperatures) 9 Ipomoea tricolor Mexico Morning Glory

‘Heavenly Blue’ Summer .

Convolvulaceae Bindweed Family

8ft Climbing Annual

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Maja Dumat * This plant can only be grown outside during the summer (above 5’c night temperatures) 10 Jasminum officinale C. Asia Jasmine

‘Argentovariegatum’ Midsummer - Early Autumn ‘Frojas’ ‘Inverleith’

Oleaceae Olive Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Chupacabra Viranesque 11 Kerria japonica Japanese Marigold-bush

East Asia

‘Golden Guinea’ Late Spring - Midsummer ‘Pleniflora*’

Rosaceae Rose Family

Medium Shrub

* Double flowered cultivars are not good for most pollinating insects so try to buy single flowers when possible Photograph from Flickr (CC) A. Qiao 12 Lathyrus latifolius Europe Everlasting Sweet Pea

‘Albus’ Summer . -Species-

Fabaceae Legume Family

6ft Climber Perennial

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Julia C 13 Lathyrus odoratus Italia Sweet Pea

‘Lipstick’ ‘Bristol’ Midsummer - Early Autumn ‘Solway series’

Fabaceae Legume Family

6ft Climber Annual

Photograph by Thomas McBride * This plant, if sown early, should be sown inside during winter (cannot survive below -5’c night temperatures)14 Lonicera etrusca Etruscan Honeysuckle

Mediterranean

‘Superba’ Early Summer - Early Autumn

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Wikipedia (CC) Franz Xaver 15 Lonicera periclymenum Europe European Honeysuckle

‘Graham Thomas’ Late Spring - Mid Autumn ‘Serotina’

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

10ft+ Climber/Vine

Photograph from Flickr (CC) A. Qiao 16 Lonicera sempervirens N. America Coral Honeysuckle

Related Hybrid: Late Spring L. tragophylla x L. sempervirens - Early Autumn x tellmanniana

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

10ft+ Climber/Vine

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Bruce Kirchoff 17 Lonicera tragophylla Chinese Honeysuckle

China

- Species - Summer . Related Hybrid: ‘Mandarin’

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Karl Nickless 18 Passiflora caerulea S. America Blue Passionflower

- Species - Midsummer - Early Autumn ‘Constance Eliott’

Passifloraceae Passion Fruit Family

10ft+ Vine

* This plant will not survive below -10’c night temperatures, protect from very harsh winter nights Photograph from Flickr (CC) bvi4092 ** The fruit and flowers are edible but 19not commonly consumed. The leaves are poisonous when raw; containing cyanide. Passiflora incarnata N. America Purple Passionflower

None Summer .

Passifloraceae Passion Fruit Family

6ft Vine

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Judy Gallagher 20 Pyracantha coccinea Eurasia Red Firethorn

Summer . ‘Orange Glow’ A/W (Berries) ‘Teton’

Rosaceae Rose Family

Medium Shrub

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Scott Zona (Berries), Janice Waltzer (Flowers) 21 Rosa banksiae Lady Banks’ Rose

China

‘Lutea’* Late Spring - Midsummer (var. lutescens)

Rosaceae Rose Family

20ft+ Climber

* Double flowered cultivars are not good for most pollinating insects so try to buy single flowers when possible Photograph from Wikipedia (CC) T. Kiya 22 Rosa filipes Kiftsgate Rose

China

‘Kiftsgate’ Summer .

Rosaceae Rose Family

20ft+ Climber

Photograph from Wikipedia (CC) Pookerella 23 Solanum crispum S. America Potato-vine

* ‘Glasnevin’ Midsummer - Early Autumn

Solanaceae Potato Family

10ft+ Climber

* This plant will not survive below -10’c night temperatures, protect from very harsh winter nights Photograph from Flickr (CC) Spencer Aloysius 24 Tropaeolum majus Peru Garden Nasturtium

F

‘Alaska series’ Midsummer - Early Autumn ‘Whirlybird series’

Tropaeolaceae Nasturtium Family

1ft Trailing Annual

* This plant will not survive below -5’c night temperatures Photograph from Flickr (CC) Mayank Sharma 25 Tropaeolum peregrinum Canary Creeper

S. America

None Midsummer - Early Autumn

Tropaeolaceae Nasturtium Family

10ft+ Climber

* This plant will not survive below -5’c night temperatures. Grow in a sheltered location or treat as an annual. Photograph from Wikipedia (CC) Niepokój Zbigniew 26 Tropaeolum speciosum Chile Flame Nasturtium

- Species - Midsummer - Early Autumn

Tropaeolaceae Nasturtium Family

9ft Climber

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Scott Zona 27 Vitis vinifera Eurasia Grapevine

‘Boskoop Glory’ Summer . ‘Purpurea’

Vitaceae Grape Family

10ft+ Vine

Photograph from Flickr (CC) Andreas Rockstein, Morgan Sherwood (Fruit) 28 Wisteria floribunda Japanese Wisteria

Japan

‘Domino’ ‘Rosea’ Summer . ‘Lawrence’

Fabaceae Legume Family

10ft+ Climber

Photograph from Wikipedia (CC) Forest & Kim Starr 29 Wisteria sinensis Chinese Wisteria

China

‘Amethyst’ ‘Jako’ Mid Spring - Early Summer ‘Prolific’

Fabaceae Legume Family

10ft+ Vine

Photograph from Flickr (CC) ukgardenphotos 30