DOCSLIB.ORG

Organic Pig Production in Free Range Systems

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Organic Pig Production in Free Range Systems Institute of Organic Farming Albert Sundrum Friedrich Weißmann Organic pig production in free range systems Published as: Landbauforschung Völkenrode Sonderheft 281 Braunschweig Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL) 2005 Sonderheft 281 Special Issue Organic pig production in free range systems edited by Albert Sundrum and Friedrich Weißmann Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de . Die Verantwortung für die Inhalte der einzelnen Beiträge liegt bei den jeweiligen Verfassern bzw. Verfasserinnen. 2005 Landbauforschung Völkenrode - FAL Agricultural Research Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft (FAL) Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany [email protected] Preis / Price: 7 € ISSN 0376-0723 ISBN 3-86576-005-8 Table of contents Preface A. Sundrum and F. Weissmann ……………………………………………………………... 1 Integration of organic pig production into land use J. E. Hermansen ……………………………………………………………………………... 3 Behaviour, performance and carcass quality of three genotypes of growing-finishing pigs in outdoor pig production in Austria: A pilot study Simone Laister and S. Konrad .......………………………………………………………….. 13 Performance, carcass and meat quality of different pig genotypes in an extensive outdoor fattening system on grass clover in organic farming F. Weissmann, G. Biedermann and A. Klitzing ...................................................................... 19 Fattening pigs in an outdoor system as a part of the crop rotation within organic farming: Growth performance and carcass yield Antje Farke and A. Sundrum ………………………………………………………………... 25 Integration of organic pig production within crop rotation: Implications on nutrient losses M. Quintern ………………………………………………………………………………….. 31 Outdoor pig farming in the Netherlands H. van der Mheen and H. Vermeer ....……………………………………………………….. 41 Documentation of animal health in organic pig herds: A case study Marianne Bonde, N. P. Baadsgaard and J. T. Sørensen ……………………………………... 45 Landbauforschung Völkenrode, Special Issue 281 1 Preface Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture through the Federal Agency for Agriculture and According to different consumer surveys, a Foods, was to identify problems within free range considerable market potential is forecast for systems and to provide strategies for its im• organically produced pork. However, supply provement. Free range systems for fattening pigs clearly lags behind demand. Compared to have to take into account various aspects at the other areas, organic pig production is of mi same time. Therefore only a system-oriented nor relevance in organic agriculture in almost approach seems to be adequate to deal with the all European countries and is still in its be problems. Thus, an interdisciplinary workshop ginnings. There are many reasons for this was organized within the above-mentioned pro which also differ from country to country. ject in December 2003. The objectives were to Beside a lack of market transparency as well provide an overview of the many different as an insufficient marketing structure, there aspects and problems and to discuss possible are severe problems with regard to the con solution strategies. The following papers are ba version of conventional pig units into organic sed on this workshop. The contributions are in units. Among other factors, the traditional tended to provide comprehensive information on housing systems with fully-slatted floors the current state of the art and to support the de cannot be used in organic pig production. velopment of free range systems for fattening Rebuilding and new buildings based on the pigs with regard to the increasing demand for indoor and outdoor areas prescribed in the organic pork. EEC-Regulation (2092/91) are very expen sive. Thus, organic free range systems might Witzenhausen and Trenthorst, May 2005 be a fundamental alternative to keeping pigs indoors. Albert Sundrum Friedrich Weissmann While in some countries free range systems for sows are well established, only little ex Head of the Depart- Section Leader for Or perience and knowledge are available con ment of Animal Nutri- ganic Meat Production, tion and Animal Institute of Organic cerning the production of fattening pigs in Health, University of Farming, Federal Agri- outdoor systems. The objective in a project Kassel, Germany cultural Research Centre, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Braunschweig, Germany 2 A. Sundrum and F. Weißmann (eds.), Organic pig production in free range systems, 2005 Landbauforschung Völkenrode, Special Issue 281 3 Integration of organic pig production that the difference is related to the fact that it is far into land use more difficult for the farmers to change the produc­ tion system for pigs compared to production systems J. E. Hermansen 1 for cows and other ruminants in a way that gives a harmonious balance between the different aims of organic farming. Introduction The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the Livestock often plays an important role – besides prospects and constraints for an integration of pig supporting income for the farmers – in obtaining production into land use based on the Danish ex­ some of the principle aims in organic farming i.e. perience so far. diversified production and supporting biological cycles within the farming system. However, some Typical pig production systems main conflicts may appear in how and to what Some main requirements within EU as related to pig degree the different aims can be obtained. In relation production are that pigs should have access to graz­ to livestock, conflicts may appear in the most ing for at least some part of the year. Though, fin­ appropriate keeping practice related to consideration ishers can be housed in barns if they have access to of the basic aspects of their innate behaviour on one an outdoor run in at least 80% of their lifetime. The hand, the risk of pollution from the production on weaning age for piglets should be at least 40 days. the other and, in addition, the aim of producing in sufficient quantities. These possible conflicts are In different countries or different certification bod­ reflected in the compromises set in national or EU ies, stricter rules can be implemented. So, several regulations on organic farming. The regulations, ways of organic pig production take place due to however, often develop after an intensive debate different practice as well as different regulations in where, sometimes, you may get the impression that different countries. The typical way in Denmark livestock production may be acceptable but not represents some of the major challenges to be met desirable in organic farming, at least for some for the development of the organic pig production. species. In the long term, it therefore seems Typically, sows are kept in outdoor systems all year important that production systems are developed so round (Figure 1 and 2) and pigs are moved to an that different sorts of livestock production can indoor pig unit with an outdoor yard when they are contribute directly to a steadily increasing fulfilling weaned at seven weeks of age. This system was of the organic ideals on a national scale or at farm stimulated by a simultaneous development of out­ level. This is in particular true as regards pig door systems for conventional sow production as production. indicated in Table 1. Since 1996, the number of sows housed outdoors has doubled and the organic Andresen (2000) puts words to the idea saying that production has increased fourfold. However, as it the view on livestock should be changed from appears from Table 1, stagnation in organic pig considering them as being passive (receivers) to production seems to take place. The number, 74,000, active parts of the sustainable development of of finishers is only less than 0.3% of the total Dan­ production systems. More focus should be put on ish pork production of approximately 23 mill. per the (various) capabilities of the animals and less on year. This underlines the underdevelopment of this the "requirements" of the animals. The challenge is sector in Denmark. then to give conditions so that the livestock can optimize the value of their various capabilities rather Because it is part of the organic regulations to have than to control the animal in the environment. The the sows on pasture for at least 150 days during emphasis on animal performance then shifts from summertime and a number of conventional farmers mere feed conversion to functional efficiency in the had positive experiences with keeping their sow farming system. This leads to new parameters for herds outdoors all year round, the Danish organic evaluation. producers choose this system too. In this way, they have only one production system for their sow herd In contrast to milk and beef products organic pork instead of having both, a system for summer hous­ were not on the top five list in any of 18 European ing and a system for winter housing. The layout of Countries (Michelsen et al 1999). There is no reason the paddocks depends on soil type and the available to believe that this difference is caused by a differ­ land at the individual farm. The paddocks are nor­ ence in the consumers’ preferences. It is more likely mally moved to a new field every spring, often in a two-year crop rotation - one year with barley with an under-sown grass-ley and one year with sows on 1 Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of pasture. The stocking rate is adjusted to an excretion Agroecology, Postboks 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark, Email: [email protected] 4 A. Sundrum and F. Weißmann (eds.), Organic pig production in free range systems, 2005 of 140 kg N in pigs manure per ha and year (often • Born alive/litter: 11.8 versus 12.1 practised as 280 kg N/ha every second year). • Weaned/litter 9.8 versus 10.8 The way of production may be different in other countries. In some countries, the sows are mainly (Lauritsen et al., 2000; Larsen, 2001). Number of kept at pasture in the summer period.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies
    Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, USA Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Lynn Ekblad, Different Angles, Ames, Iowa Graphics and layout by Richard Beachler, Instructional Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames ISBN 1-887383-23-9 ISSN 0194-4088 06 05 04 03 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies. p. cm. -- (Task force report, ISSN 0194-4088 ; no. 140) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-887383-23-9 (alk. paper) 1. Pests--Integrated control. I. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. II. Series: Task force report (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology) ; no. 140. SB950.I4573 2003 632'.9--dc21 2003006389 Task Force Report No. 140 June 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Ames, Iowa, USA Task Force Members Kenneth R. Barker (Chair), Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh Esther Day, American Farmland Trust, DeKalb, Illinois Timothy J. Gibb, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Maud A. Hinchee, ArborGen, Summerville, South Carolina Nancy C. Hinkle, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens Barry J. Jacobsen, Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman James Knight, Department of Animal and Range Science, Montana State University, Bozeman Kenneth A. Langeland, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville Evan Nebeker, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State David A. Rosenberger, Plant Pathology Department, Cornell University–Hudson Valley Laboratory, High- land, New York Donald P.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of the Energy Potential of Chicken Manure in Poland
    energies Article Assessment of the Energy Potential of Chicken Manure in Poland Mariusz Ta´nczuk 1,*, Robert Junga 1, Alicja Kolasa-Wi˛ecek 2 and Patrycja Niemiec 1 1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, 45-271 Opole, Poland; [email protected] (R.J.); [email protected] (P.N.) 2 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Opole University, 45-047 Opole, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-664-475-355 Received: 2 January 2019; Accepted: 25 March 2019; Published: 1 April 2019 Abstract: Animal waste, including chicken manure, is a category of biomass considered for application in the energy industry. Poland is leading poultry producer in Europe, with a chicken population assessed at over 176 million animals. This paper aims to determine the theoretical and technical energy potential of chicken manure in Poland. The volume of chicken manure was assessed as 4.49 million tons per year considering three particular poultry rearing systems. The physicochemical properties of examined manure specimens indicate considerable conformity with the data reported in the literature. The results of proximate and ultimate analyses confirm a considerable effect of the rearing system on the energy parameters of the manure. The heating value of the chicken manure was calculated for the high moisture material in the condition as received from the farms. The value of annual theoretical energy potential in Poland was found to be equal to around 40.38 PJ. Annual technical potential of chicken biomass determined for four different energy conversion paths occurred significantly smaller then theoretical and has the value from 9.01 PJ to 27.3 PJ.
    [Show full text]
  • Free-Range Environment
    The requirements listed in this document pertain to shell egg labels that contain the USDA grademark, only. MANDATORY LABELING REQUIREMENTS • It is strongly recommended that you verify applicable State requirements before submitting labels for Federal approval. • FDA = The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA); the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (FPLA); and the regulations promulgated under these acts (21 CFR). • USDA = 7 CFR Part 56; AMS 56 Principal Display Panel (PDP): • The term principal display panel means the part of a label that is most likely to be displayed, presented, shown, or examined under customary conditions of display for retail sale. • The principal display panel shall be large enough to accommodate all the mandatory label information required to be placed on the container with clarity and conspicuousness and without obscuring design, vignettes, or crowding. • The Producer, Distributor, or Carton Manufacturer must declare the PDP or alternate PDP’s prior to issuance of a USDA approval number. Contact this office to further discuss the selection of the PDP. PDP = Top View, only. Back Hinge PDP Front Lip PDP = Top View and Front Lip (Alternate Display Panels) Back Hinge PDP Front Lip • If the Top View and Front Lip are selected as the PDP’s, all required mandatory information must be placed on both panels (Top View and Front Lip). • Overwrapped, Sleeved, or Case containers: All mandatory labeling information must be placed on the top panel or information panel. No mandatory labeling requirements may be placed on the bottom panel. Page 1 08/22/2016 Information Panel: • The information panel as it applies to packaged food means that part of the label immediately contiguous and to the right of the principal display panel (PDP) as observed by an individual facing the principal display panel.
    [Show full text]
  • Clarendon Farm Eggs: Free-Range an Ethical, Profitable Approach | the Weekly Times
    1/22/2018 Clarendon Farm Eggs: Free-range an ethical, profitable approach | The Weekly Times Menu Digital Print Edition Subscribe Login NEWS AGRIBUSINESS DAIRY LIVESTOCK CROPPING PROPERTY Hen haven: Ian Littleton at Clarendon Farm Eggs at Gulgong in NSW, where he runs hens at 1500 a hectare under his Humane Choice’s Free Range Project. ON FARM Clarendon Farm Eggs: Free-range an ethical, profitable approach SARAH HUDSON, The Weekly Times January 9, 2018 12:00am Subscriber only IN THE poultry industry, you’d be hard-pressed to find anyone more knowledgeable about hen farming than Ian Littleton. The 66-year-old runs a 120ha poultry farm at Gulgong in NSW, called Clarendon Farm Eggs, stocking 6000 free-range Lowman chooks, and selling 1500 dozen eggs a week through wholesale and retail markets in Sydney. http://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/agribusiness/on-farm/clarendon-farm-eggs-freerange-an-ethical-profitable-approach/news-story/0dae808c575… 1/5 1/22/2018 Clarendon Farm Eggs: Free-range an ethical, profitable approach | The Weekly Times But the property is more of a semi-retirement project, following a six-decade career Menu Digital Print Edition Subscribe Login in the poultry industry, from which his accumulated knowledge has led to best- practice innovation across all farm productions. IAN LITTLETON GULGONG, NSW STNEWSOCKS 6 00AGRIBUSINESS0 free-range Lowm aDAIRYn chooks oLIVESTOCKn 120ha farm CROPPING PROPERTY HAS 14 mobile chook homes SELLS 1500 dozen eggs a week through wholesale and retail markets in Sydney ACCREDITED with Humane Choice’s Free Range Project Ian grew up on a poultry farm near Toowoomba in Queensland, and, after his father passed away and the farm was sold, studied an agricultural degree at Queensland Agricultural College, specialising in poultry production.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study on Fridays Farm – Planting Trees to Encourage Ranging Behaviour in Laying Hens
    Case Study on Fridays Farm – planting trees to encourage ranging behaviour in laying hens Introduction Free range eggs represent over 50% of the egg sales in the UK, putting Great Britain in a unique spot when it comes to egg production. Consumer demand for better animal welfare continues to build year on year, so investing in free range/organic systems with the highest welfare potential represents the most future-proofed investment. A good range is a key element of these systems. This case study aims to demonstrate best practice in providing a good range that stimulates hens to forage outside during daytime. Ranging stimulates meaningful behaviours Ranging enhances the opportunity for birds to express their full behavioural repertoire and ensures the highest welfare potential in a system. In natural conditions hens spend 50 to 90% of their time foraging, which involves searching and scratching at the ground or litter for potential food items (seeds, earthworms, flying insects, grit), followed by investigation and selection of food items by pecking. Ranging behaviour of birds (i.e. the extent to which they utilise the outdoor area) is affected by time of day, age, feeding system, weather conditions, previous experience, genetic strain, and importantly the quality of the outdoor environment provided. Fridays Ltd A third generation family business based in the South East, Fridays has been farming for over fifty years. Today Fridays supplies eggs to supermarkets and foodservice companies across the UK. Free range egg production has been an important part of the company’s activities from the dawn of modern free range farming almost forty years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Free-Range Poultry Production - a Review
    113 Free-range Poultry Production - A Review Z. H. Miao*, P. C. Glatz and Y. J. Ru Livestock Systems, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia 5371 ABSTRACT : With the demand for free-range products increasing and the pressure on the intensive poultry industry to improve poultry welfare especially in western countries, the number of free-range poultry farms has increased significantly. The USA, Australia and European countries have developed Codes of Practice for free-range poultry farming which detail the minimum standards of husbandry and welfare for birds. However, the performance and liveability of free-range birds needs to be improved and more knowledge is required on bird husbandry, feed supply, disease control and heat wave management. This review examines the husbandry, welfare, nutrition and disease issues associated with free-range poultry systems and discusses the potential of incorporating free-range poultry into a crop-pasture rotation system. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 1 : 113-132) Key Words : Forage, Nutrient Requirement, Poultry Husbandry, Animal Welfare, Free-range Egg, Free-range Meat INTRODUCTION must be from flocks that are kept in the following conditions: There has been a resurgence of interest in free-range 1. The hens must have continuous daytime access to 서식 있음: 글머리 기호 및 poultry farming in recent years in developed countries, as a open-air runs. 번호 매기기 result of welfare concerns associated with farming of 2. The ground to which hens have access must be poultry under intensive conditions. For the “best positive mainly covered with vegetation.
    [Show full text]
  • 'What's Wrong with High-Welfare Animal Products'
    What’s Wrong with High- Welfare Animal Products? Meat, milk and eggs produced under so-called ‘higher welfare’ schemes – including Freedom Food, free-range and organic – have become increasingly popular amongst consumers in recent years, thanks in part to high profile publicity campaigns by celebrity chefs such as Jamie Oliver and Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall. These campaigns have helped bring to the attention of a mass audience, the terrible conditions and appalling suffering inside factory farms. Consequently, many people are now choosing free-range and organic labels in an attempt to reduce animal suffering and ease their consciences. But how much do these schemes really benefit found similar problems on an RSPCA-approved the animals? egg-laying farm. Freedom Food farms are officially The following focuses on chickens and pigs inspected just once a year. because they are the species subjected to the most overtly intensive breeding and rearing Freedom Food rules state that only slow growing regimes. breeds of chicken can be reared. This is intended to prevent welfare problems associated with factory farming, such as leg disorders and heart failure. Freedom Food However, our investigation revealed that, by the age of seven days, many of the 30,000 chicks contained The RSPCA is supposed to help animals but it has, 6 in the unit to which we made repeat visits already 4 instead, been involved in their intensive production 5 had painful hip and leg injuries. This prevented them 4 and slaughter for the past decade through its 6 from reaching water and food and caused their slow, 3 Freedom Food scheme.
    [Show full text]
  • Starting a Free Range Pastured Egg Farm
    Starting a Pastured, free range Egg Farm Introduction The free range egg industry has expanded rapidly and attracted both commercial and small scale farming interest. This developed into a long running battle over just what a free range egg was and, unfortunately, corporate interests have muscled in on demand and changed this farming system to something that does not meet with most expectations of what free range should be. It is time to move on and leave them to a descriptor that they themselves have devalued and relegated to supermarket shelves and price cutting wars. Pastured Eggs The pastured free range system of farming can be far more complex than initially expected and catches new entrants to this industry by surprise. As with any new industry going through the growth phase, pastured egg farming can look like an attractive prospect as it is perceived as an inexpensive way to get into agriculture, is quite often sold as a ‘business package’, and as something easy to do yet offers a high returns. The purpose of this booklet is to outline the issues that should be addressed in a proposal for a small scale pastured egg business and to identify potential risks and problems for those new to the industry. The Australian Egg Industry There are three recognized systems of egg production in Australia and the guidelines for these are set out in the ‘Model Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals – Domestic Poultry 4thEdition’ (Model Code) and they are defined as: ‘Free-range: hens are housed in sheds and have access to an outdoor range Barn laid: hens are free to roam within a shed which may have more than one level Cage hens: are continuously housed in cages within a shed’ (Primary Industries Report Series 83, 2014) Barn Laid and Caged are terms that are better defined but are becoming less popular in the Australian market.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Integrated Pest Management? Summer 2017
    Volume 4, Issue 3 What is Integrated Pest Management? Summer 2017 In this Issue All Articles by Jason Detzel, Livestock Educator Ulster County CCE unless otherwise What is Integrated Pest noted Management? (1) An introduction into the practices and methods Well, summer is here and that means it is the Biological Control (3) season of plenty, and by that I mean plenty of Utilizing parasitic wasps to control pests! We have dedicated this entire issue of flies in dairy barns Livestock 360 to integrated pest Cultural Controls (5) management. If you have any pest issues, Photo Credit: NRCS Are deer our most invasive pests? this is the place to start. Mechanical and Physical Controls (6) Keeping your flock safe from Integrated pest management (IPM) is scientifically based, whole-farm strategy that aerial predators focuses on long term prevention of pests and the damage they cause through a Chemical Control (7) combination of techniques such as biological control, habitat manipulation, Chemical control of parasitic modification of cultural practices, and use of resistant varieties. Basically we can worms use this system to identify and evaluate pests and their damage, formulate Utilzing IPM to Protect Bee treatment plans that specifically target these pests while avoiding beneficial Populations (9) What IPM means for todays organisms in the environment, and monitor the results. The focus of IPM is really on beekeeper the long term control and suppression of pests that affect plants and animals. IPM Species Specific References (11) The genesis of IPM can be traced back to pesticide resistance. The early use of Links to IPM resources pesticides as a magic bullet was quickly thwarted by the biological tenacity and The Back Page (12) rapid evolution of pests.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Production, Husbandry and Sustainability of Free-Range Pig Production Systems
    1615 Review of Production, Husbandry and Sustainability of Free-range Pig Production Systems Z. H. Miao*, P. C. Glatz and Y. J. Ru Livestock Systems, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy South Australia, Australia 5371 ABSTRACT : A review was undertaken to obtain information on the sustainability of pig free-range production systems including the management, performance and health of pigs in the system. Modern outdoor rearing systems requires simple portable and flexible housing with low cost fencing. Local pig breeds and outdoor-adapted breeds for certain environment are generally more suitable for free-range systems. Free-range farms should be located in a low rainfall area and paddocks should be relatively flat, with light topsoil overlying free-draining subsoil with the absence of sharp stones that can cause foot damage. Huts or shelters are crucial for protecting pigs from direct sun burn and heat stress, especially when shade from trees and other facilities is not available. Pigs commonly graze on strip pastures and are rotated between paddocks. The zones of thermal comfort for the sow and piglet differ markedly; between 12-22°C for the sow and 30-37°C for piglets. Offering wallows for free-range pigs meets their behavioural requirements, and also overcomes the effects of high ambient temperatures on feed intake. Pigs can increase their evaporative heat loss via an increase in the proportion of wet skin by using a wallow, or through water drips and spray. Mud from wallows can also coat the skin of pigs, preventing sunburn. Under grazing conditions, it is difficult to control the fibre intake of pigs although a high energy, low fibre diet can be used.
    [Show full text]
  • Factory Farming: Assessing Investment Risks
    FACTORY FARMING: ASSESSING INVESTMENT RISKS 2016 report Find out more, or join us, at: fairr.org Follow us: @FAIRRinitiative FACTORY FARMING: KILLER STATS INVESTORS CAN’T IGNORE DOWN INVESTORS IN 52.3 reason for rapid user of MCDONALDS AND KFC O O antibiotics HIT BY US$10.8BN LOSS 27.6 N 1 spread of bird (H5N2) N 1 OF MARKET CAP IN 2014 DUE TO FOOD 11.4 and swine (H1N1) flu in the US SAFETY SCANDAL AT A CHINESE SUPPLIER 7.9 industry losses due to US bird of all antibiotics in the US now used UP 88.2 [FarmEcon] [CDC] $3.3bn flu outbreak in 2015 80% in animal factory farms ALTERNATIVE FOOD TECH COMPANY 65.3 HAMPTON CREEK SET TO BE FASTEST GROWING 59.9 FOOD COMPANY IN HISTORY, BENEFITING 12.7 FROM IMPACT OF 2015 85% US BIRD FLU CRISIS 66.2 of all soya DOWN 39.4 globally is used ANIMAL WELFARE in animal feeds, SCANDAL LEADS TO 57.1 a major cause of LARGEST MEAT RECALL deforestation [WWF] IN US HISTORY, 28.4 of global GHG AND BANKRUPTCY emissions, more FOR MEAT-PACKER 75.5 14% consumer HALLMARK/WESTLAND than the transport O IN 2012 24.9 N 1 of water in sector* [FAO] drought-stricken DOWN 11.4 INVESTORS IN TYSON [Pacific Institute] FOODS EXPOSED AFTER 7.9 * from livestock sector as a whole, with factory California COMPANY REVEALS farming as key component ENVIRONMENTAL 88.2 VIOLATIONS. rise in 'heat stress' days set to hit cattle and rising hit on profits of California POSSIBLE $500M OF 59.9 [UC Davis] 21% industry due to warming climate $250m dairies due to drought in 2015 REGULAR GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS AT RISK 12.7 fairr.org fairr.org | 1 KEY FINDINGS FOREWORD AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INVESTORS Animal factory farming is exposed to at least 28 environmental, social This report explores the industrialisation of the world’s meat and fish production, a relatively recent Increasingly, major investors and governance (ESG) issues that could significantly damage financial trend, and assesses the potential risks that a range are paying attention to value over the short or long-term.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing a Free-Range Poultry Enterprise by Terry Poole Improved Village Poultry Keeping a Trainers Handbook by Russell Parker
    2020 Zambia Agribusiness Society Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Systems of Poultry Production .............................................................................................................. 1 Traditional Production or Extensive System ....................................................................................... 1 Pastured Poultry ............................................................................................................................. 1 Semi-Intensive ................................................................................................................................ 2 Yard and Crop ................................................................................................................................. 2 Innovative ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Free Range ...................................................................................................................................... 3 What You Need ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Land, Housing and Equipment ........................................................................................................ 4 Day Old Chicks................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]