Page 1 of 47 the DAUGHTERS of the REPUBLIC of TEXAS BOARD
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Battles of the Texas Revolution: 1835 Campaign © Stephen L. Hardin, Ph.D., McMurry University Battle of Gonzales Date: October 2, 1835 Texian Force: 150 Texian Commander: John Henry Moore Centralist Force: 100 Centralist Commander: Francisco Castañeda Texian Casualties: 1 wounded Centralist Casualties: 2 killed Analysis: Opening engagement of the Texas Revolution, hence the “Lexington of Texas.” The Texians actually boasted two artillery pieces: the six-pound “Come-and-Take-It” cannon and another that Castañeda described as an “esmeril”—a diminutive gun firing a ball that weighed about ¼ of a pound. The esmeril remains on display at the Gonzales Memorial Museum. While more a skirmish than a battle, the engagement was nonetheless important as the spark that set off the powder keg. Shots were fired; blood was shed; the dye was cast. Battle of Gonzales: Location and Images Capture of the Presidio La Bahía (Goliad) Date: October 9, 1835 Texian Force: 125 Texian Commander: George Collinsworth Centralist Force: 50 Centralist Commander: Juan López Sandoval Texian Casualties: 1 wounded Centralist Casualties: 1 killed, 3 wounded Analysis: Centralist General Martín Perfecto de Cos stripped the garrison, leaving a skeleton force to defend the presidio. The small number was insufficient to defend the perimeter. Following an assault lasting about half an hour, the centralist garrison capitulated. Collinsworth paroled the captured centralists, most of whom retired to a point below the Rio Grande. Texian militiamen appropriated some $10,000 worth of enemy supplies, including numerous cannon. Collinsworth transferred the artillery to General Stephen F. Austin’s “Volunteer Army of the People of Texas” outside San Antonio de Béxar. -
Independence Trail Region, Known As the “Cradle of Texas Liberty,” Comprises a 28-County Area Stretching More Than 200 Miles from San Antonio to Galveston
n the saga of Texas history, no era is more distinctive or accented by epic events than Texas’ struggle for independence and its years as a sovereign republic. During the early 1800s, Spain enacted policies to fend off the encroachment of European rivals into its New World territories west of Louisiana. I As a last-ditch defense of what’s now Texas, the Spanish Crown allowed immigrants from the U.S. to settle between the Trinity and Guadalupe rivers. The first settlers were the Old Three Hundred families who established Stephen F. Austin’s initial colony. Lured by land as cheap as four cents per acre, homesteaders came to Texas, first in a trickle, then a flood. In 1821, sovereignty shifted when Mexico won independence from Spain, but Anglo-American immigrants soon outnumbered Tejanos (Mexican-Texans). Gen. Antonio López de Santa Anna seized control of Mexico in 1833 and gripped the country with ironhanded rule. By 1835, the dictator tried to stop immigration to Texas, limit settlers’ weapons, impose high tariffs and abolish slavery — changes resisted by most Texans. Texas The Independence ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Trail ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ On March 2, 1836, after more than a year of conclaves, failed negotiations and a few armed conflicts, citizen delegates met at what’s now Washington-on-the-Brazos and declared Texas independent. They adopted a constitution and voted to raise an army under Gen. Sam Houston. TEXAS STATE LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES Gen. Sam Houston THC The San Jacinto Monument towers over the battlefield where Texas forces defeated the Mexican Army. TEXAS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Four days later, the Alamo fell to Santa Anna. -
The Texian Sept
Calendar of Events 2015 Quarterly Meetings THE TEXIAN Sept. 11-12, 2015 La Quinta Inn & Suites Belton, 229 West Loop 121, The Official Publication of The Sons of the Republic of Texas Belton, TX 76513; (866) 527-1498, Room Rate $101 + tax, cut off date August 21, 2015; Please identify yourself as SRT. VOL VIII NUMBER 3 AUGUST 2015 Hampton Inn & Suites, 7006 Navarro, Victoria, TX 77904; Dec. 4-5, 2015 ND (361) 573-9911, Room Rate $99 + tax, 1 King or 2 Queen NEWS RELEASE FOR THE 202 ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF MEDINA cut off date November 18, 2015; Please identify yourself as AUGUST 15, 2015 SRT. The public is invited to attend our 15th annual ceremony commemorating the Battle of Medina, this being the 202nd anniversary of the bloodiest battle in Texas history! The Battle of Medina occurred on August 18, 1813 2015 SRT Events between the Royal Spanish Army and the Republican Army of the North when between 800 and 1,300 Ameri- March 2 Texas Independence Day March 6 Fall of the Alamo cans, Tejanos, Indians, and Spanish soldiers died in this all but forgotten battle which historians have named March 27 Goliad Massacre the Gutierrez-Magee Expedition. Since August 18th is on Tuesday this year, we will hold our normal com- April 21 San Jacinto Day memorative ceremony beginning at 10:00 a.m. on Saturday, August 15, 2015 under the large Oak trees on Old September 19 Texian Navy Day on the Battleship Texas Applewhite Road. We will have a Color Guard representing the U.S.A., Spain, Texas and Mexico, plus descen- October 2 Battle of Gonzales dants of the men who fought and died in this battle. -
Mission Refugio Original Site Calhoun County, Texas
Mission Refugio Original Site Calhoun County, Texas Context When, at the close of the seventeenth century, the French and the Spaniards first attempted to occupy the Gulf coast near Matagorda Bay, that region was the home of a group of native tribes now called Karankawa. The principal tribes of the group were the Cujane, Karankawa, Guapite (or Coapite), Coco, and Copane. They were closely interrelated, and all apparently spoke dialects of the same language, which was different from that of their neighbors farther inland. The Karankawa dwelt most commonly along the coast to the east and the west of Matagorda Bay; the Coco on the mainland east of Matagorda Bay near the lower Colorado River: the Cujane and Guapite on either side of the bay, particularly to the west of it; and the Copane from the mouth of the Guadalupe River to around Copano Bay, to which the tribe has given its name1. Their total number was estimated at from four to five hundred fighting men. 1 The Spanish Missions in Texas comprise a series of religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans, Jesuits, and Franciscans to spread the Christian doctrine among the local Native Americans, but with the added benefit of giving Spain a toehold in the frontier land. The missions introduced European livestock, fruits, vegetables, and industry into the Texas region. In addition to the presidio (fort) and pueblo (town), the misión was one of the three major agencies employed by the Spanish crown to extend its borders and consolidate its colonial territories. In all, twenty-six missions were maintained for different lengths of time within the future boundaries of the state. -
Wydanie Specjalne
HISTORIC@ WYDANIE SPECJALNE ISSN 1898-4428 NUMER 15 (XII 2013) Czasopismo naukowe doktorantów Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego Historic@ Zespół redakcyjny: Bartłomiej Szegda (redaktor naczelny), Paweł Róg, Jolanta Ślęzak, Justyna Krawiecka Copyright by Jan Jawornicki Czasopismo naukowe doktorantów Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego Historic@ Zespół redakcyjny: Bartłomiej Szegda (redaktor naczelny), Paweł Róg, Jolanta Ślęzak, Justyna Krawiecka Damian Knutel Projekt graficzny: Paweł Róg Korekta: Jolanta Ślęzak, Justyna Krawiecka Skład i łamanie: Bartłomiej Szegda, Damian Knutel Adres: Instytut Historii, Al. Rejtana 16 c, 35-959 Rzeszów tel. (0-17) 872 13 03, fax. (0-17) 872 12 85 e – mail: [email protected] http://www.univ.rzeszow.pl/instytut_historii.php?id=historica Polityczno-militarne dzieje Teksasu w latach 1821-1846 Łukasz Traczyk Praca napisana pod kierunkiem dr hab. Andrzeja Bonusiaka, prof. UR Recenzent wydawniczy: prof. dr hab. Wiesława Piątkowska - Stepaniak Uniwersytet Opolski Rzeszów 2013 Spis treści Wstęp 5 Rozdział 1 Teksas jako kolonia meksykańska 9 1.1 Teksas – położenie, obszar, miasta 9 1.2 Koloniści początku wieku 11 1.3 Stephen Austin – „Ojciec Teksasu” 14 1.4 Proklamowanie Republiki Fredonii dalsze rozruchy w Teksasie 21 1.5 Teksas pod kontrolą – misja generała Terana 24 1.4 Zjazd w San Felipe de Austin – koncepcje nowej konstytucji stanu Teksas 32 Rozdział 2 Rewolucja teksaska i powstanie Republiki Teksasu 42 2.1 Rok 1835 w Teksasie, oblężenie San Antonio de Bexar 42 2.2 Deklaracja niepodległości Teksasu 51 2.3 Oblężenie Alamo i masakra w Goliad 56 2.3 Droga do San Jacinto – faktyczne ustanowienie Republiki Teksasu 68 Rozdział 3 Lone Star Republic i jej aneksja 80 3.1 Teksas w latach 1836-1838. -
Jeanne Albrecht, PR Coordinator Sellmark 210-392-9047 [email protected] (Please Email Or Call for Photos, Videos, Advance Interviews, Etc.) October 2015
Media Contact: Jeanne Albrecht, PR Coordinator Sellmark 210-392-9047 [email protected] (Please email or call for photos, videos, advance interviews, etc.) October 2015 For Immediate Release: Washington on the Brazos to mark 180th Anniversary of Texas Independence and 100th Birthday of this State Park 2016 will be an especially important year for Washington on the Brazos State Historic Site: not only is it the 180th anniversary of the signing of the Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico in 1836 at Washington on the Brazos, but it will also be the state park's 100th birthday. It was March 2, 1836 when 59 delegates bravely met in Washington, Texas to make a formal declaration of independence from Mexico. From 1836 until 1846, the Republic of Texas proudly existed as a separate nation. To commemorate the 180th anniversary of Texas Independence, the three entities that administer and support this site—Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept (TPWD), Blinn College and Washington on the Brazos State Park Association—are planning some Texas-sized celebrations. “Texas Independence Day Celebration” (TIDC) is an annual two-day celebration from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Saturday, March 5 and Sunday, March 6, 2016 on the expansive 293-acre park grounds and its three incredible attractions: Star of the Republic Museum (collections and programs honoring history of early Texans, administered by Blinn College); Independence Hall (replica of the site where representatives wrote the Texas Declaration of Independence); and Barrington Living History Farm (where interpreters dress, work and farm as did the original residents of this homestead). -
Goliad State Park
GOLIAD STATE PARK 44 1 A RICH HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE t k Missions Espiritu Santo and Rosario tell a story of faith, sacrifice and the creation of a distinctive ranching heritage. The missions also reveal the story of the i . ~ ~ 41 t destruction of the Karankawa, Aranama and Tamique r '/R Indians' way of life. The birthplace of Ignacio Zaragoza tells of a boy who became a military hero revered by people of two nations. The story begins with the roving bands of hunter z z gatherer Indians known to history as Karankawa, Aranama and Tamique. Their world changed dramati cally with the arrival of the French at Matagorda Bay and the thousands of Spaniards who followed. Intent GOLIAD STATE PARK IS on protecting their land holdings, the Spanish Crown and Roman Catholic Church reasoned that through COMPRISED OF THREE HISTORIC mission settlements they could populate the land and hold it. They enthusiastically began "civilizing and SITES THAT TOGETHER REVEAL Christianizing" the often unwilling native people with 300 YEARS OF TEXAS HISTORY. the intention of making them Spanish citizens. THESE THREE SITES HARBOR MEMORIES OF THE AMERICAN Uj a INDIAN, SPANISH, MEXICAN AND ANGLO CULTURES. HERE THESE GROUPS COLLIDED, BUT FRAGMENTS OF THEIR CULTURES ENDURED, CREATING THE TEXAN IDENTITY. Karankawa - Coastal people G 0 L I A D S T A T E P A R K ; .: . _. - _.. n < , ,..,...r,, MISSION NUESTRA clay pots used for storage and cooking, ground corn into meal ,,.,,,. , _,........ ' with stone manos and metates and harvested crops. - _ " = . ., - -_ ,, , y .. SENORA DEL ESPIRITU , -, Ranching, however, became the main occupation at Espiritu e; L i O ' Santo. -
THE TEXIAN the Official Publication of the Sons of the Republic of Texas
THE TEXIAN The Official Publication of The Sons of the Republic of Texas VOL VIII NUMBER 1 JANUARY 2015 HUNDREDS HONOR BLAS HERRERA On November 2nd, sixteen members of the SRT along with Herrera family members and The Former Texas Rangers Association honored the memory of Blas Herrera, Republic of Texas Army veteran and Texas Ranger. Herrera fought at the Battle of Bexar in 1835, was a scout in Juan Seguin’s command and was credited with bringing word of the approach of Santa Anna’s army to Bexar in February 1836. He was at the Battle of San Jacinto and served in the Texas Rangers in the late 1830’s. His grave site near San Antonio was the site of a Ranger Cross dedication on this same date. Mike Young of the Moses Austin chapter was the Master of Ceremonies. Jason Torres, Ken Pfeiffer, Carlos Torres, Chris Lancaster, Hector Pacheco, Ed Heath, Hank Ortega (pictured), George Harcourt, Jason Chall, Joe Lopez, Ken McAnear, Johnny Brannan, Al Davis, Jimmy Peet, Art Martinez de Vara (Mayor of Von Ormy) and John Hinnant all of the Alamo Chapter were in attendance. Several Alamo Chapter members are direct descendants of Blas. PRESIDENT GENERAL’S MESSAGE enjoyed a good time at the Hospital- Scott gave the second place award to Mr. ity room, thanks to Ron Brown and his De Vara and the first place award went committee, and thru the scuttlebutt, I to Mr. Matovina and Mr. de la Teja. Mr. understand that everyone enjoyed their de la Teja is a three time winner of this Friday night meals. -
Competing Mexican and Anglo Placenaming in Texas, 1821–1836 Gene Rhea Tucker University of Texas at Arlington, USA
names, Vol. 59 No. 3, September, 2011, 139–51 Re-Naming Texas: Competing Mexican and Anglo Placenaming in Texas, 1821–1836 Gene Rhea Tucker University of Texas at Arlington, USA When Mexico gained its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, numerous placenames across the country changed to become uniquely “Mexican.” This “national project” of Mexicanization attempted to foster a nation-wide sense of mexicanidad, highlighting the country’s Amerindian past and commemorating its patriotic heroes. Communities and provinces of the former New Spain chose new toponyms to emphasize their newfound Mexican identity. This process extended to the northern province of Texas, as officials and settlers tried to utilize typically Mexican placenames in an attempt to Mexicanize the province. The toponyms used by settlers in Texas, however, reflected the stresses between its Mexican and Anglo inhabitants. Though some settlers tried to prove their loyalty to Mexico, most immi- grants from the United States, with little respect for their new homeland, clung tenaciously to their culture and refused to assimilate. This included their use of the English language and typically American placenames. Mexico lost the power to name Texas, and it eventually lost power in Texas. keywords Mexico, Texas, toponyms, Mexicanization, nationalism Toponyms, like any other cultural artifact, can illustrate the history of a place and the people who lived there. Nation-states have utilized placenames to project their power over the landscape and the population under their control. They can use the power of names to create a sense of nationalism, honoring heroes and history. One popular example is the Russian city of St Petersburg, which, for political reasons, went from St Petersburg to Petrograd to Leningrad and back to St Petersburg over eight decades in the twentieth century. -
Page 1 of 36 the DAUGHTERS of the REPUBLIC of TEXAS BOARD
THE DAUGHTERS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TEXAS BOARD OF MANAGEMENT MEETING Minutes of the Regular Meeting September 12-13, 2014 LBJ National Park, Johnson City, Texas The regular meeting of the Board of Management (BOM) of the Daughters of The Republic of Texas met on Friday, September 12, 2014, at the Johnson Settlement. President General Ellen S. McCaffrey declared the presence of a quorum and called the meeting called to order at 9:00 am. Members Present: Ellen McCaffrey, Betty Edwards, Carolyn Raney, Nancy Matlock, Melissa Goodrich, Beverly Locklin, Pat Horridge, Esther Silva, Janie Babcock, K. Jenschke, Kim Zapalac, Elizabeth Ann White, Debra Pearson, Karen Thompson, Pat Gaines, Susan Aikin, Nona Hoyer, Lacretia McReynolds, Mary Ann Oliver Excused absence: Ora Jane Johnson, Kathy Howell, Arlene Garey, Ronda Helton, Billie Dawson, Barbara Stevens Guests: GayNell Wells, Alice Nowotny, Faye Elder, Kay Crews, Mary Goodwin, Leslie Racine, Dusky Waters, JohnEllen Becker, Martha Fleitas, Pam Lynn, Kim Williams, Steve Franke CPA, Nancy Shurtleff, Linda Dietert, Judy Tannehill, Sherry Causey, Melinda Tomerlin, Judy Wolfe, Joyce Rodgers, Gaylon Hecker, Judy Sien, Evelyn Reininger Chaplain General Nancy Matlock gave the invocation. Fifth Vice President General Carolyn Raney led the pledges to the U.S. and Texas Flags. REPORTS OF THE OFFICERS GENERAL President General Ellen S. McCaffrey filed The past two months have been filled with travel and meetings. I met privately with Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson on July 8th. The Commissioner came to Headquarters with his twins and while he and I chatted, his children toured our Museum. There have been two meetings with our architect and the various engineers that will be involved in constructing the new building. -
Land and Freedom. the Irish in the Texas Revolution
LAND AND FREEDOM: THE IRISH IN THE TEXAS REVOLUTION GRAHAM DA VIS Bath College of Higher Education (Resumen) Los inmigrantes irlandeses jugaron un papel interesante en la Revolución tejana de 1836. Su experiencia puede sugerir que el énfasis que la retórica contemporánea otorga al conflicto cultural, que también se ha utilizado para justificar la guerra, no fuera el elemento decisivo en la revolución. Muchos irlandeses vinieron a Tejas entre 1829 y 1834 para aprovechar de una oportunidad única y atractiva: el gobierno mejicano ofreció extensas concesiones de terreno a empresarios, quienes, a su vez, alistaron a colonizadores irlandeses para poblar las nuevas comunidades rancheras. Los colonizadores vinieron en búsqueda de libertad y fortuna, pero fueron obligados a participar en una guerra para defenderlas. Los eventos dramáticos de la época anterior a la revolución forzaron a todos los vecinos de Tejas, los anglo americanos, los téjanos y los irlandeses, a declarar su apoyo a favor de uno de los dos bandos del conflicto, los centralistas o los federalistas, y luego por la República de Tejas o Méjico. Many peoples assign themselves historie roles and not a few claim a historie mission as God's chosen people as the defenders of the true faith, members of a superior culture or beneficiaries of a manifest destiny. At the birth of a republic, fashioned by bitter struggle, massacre and military victory, a triumphalist rhetoric is to be expected. What is more unexpected and intriguing is the language and outlook of the participants in the Texas Revolution—a language of freedom that incorporated a variety of meanings and identities. -
Flags of the Texas Revolution
Flags of the Texas Revolution San Jacinto Battleground SHS visitsanjacinto.com [email protected] Flags of the Texas Revolution Flag Court at San Jacinto Battleground Flag Court at San Jacinto Battleground Dodson Lone Star Flag (September 1835) Dodson Lone Star Flag (September 1835) Lynchburg Flag (September 1835) Lynchburg Flag (September 1835) Come and Take It Flag (October 1835) Come and Take It Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) 1824 Flag (October 1835) New Orleans Grays Flag (October/November 1835) New Orleans Grays Flag (October/November 1835) New Orleans Grays Flag (October/November 1835) Troutman Flag (November 1835) Troutman Flag (November 1835) Troutman Flag (November 1835) Troutman Flag (November 1835) Bloody Arm Flag (December 1835) Bloody Arm Flag (December 1835) Brown’s Independence Flag Brown’s Independence Flag Liberty Flag (December 1835) Liberty Flag (December 1835) Liberty Flag (December 1835) Liberty Flag (December 1835) Liberty Flag (December 1835) Austin’s Flag (January 1836) Austin’s Flag (January 1836) Austin’s Flag (January 1836) Baker’s Flag (February 1836) Baker’s Flag (February 1836) Texas Naval Flag (April 1836) Texas Naval Flag (April 1836) Mexican Standards Mexican Standards Mexican Standards Mexican Standards National Standard (December 1836) Bibliography Alamo, The. “Stories of Texas Women: Flag Makers of the Texas Revolution.” Medium, October 17, 2016. https://officialalamo.medium.com/stories-of-texas-women-flag- makers-of-the-texas-revolution-7636f9c5575. Asbury, Samuel E., and Juan Nepomuceno Almonte. “The Private Journal of Juan Nepomuceno Almonte, February 1-April 16, 1836.” The Southwestern Historical Quarterly 48, no.