DOCSLIB.ORG

Definitions of Medicare Code Edits

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Preliminary 07/31/07 Definitions of Medicare Code Edits 3 PBL–011 October 2007 07/31/07 Preliminary 3M Health Information Systems, Inc. 100 Barnes Road Wallingford, CT 06492 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— \ This manual was written, designed, and produced by the Documenta- tion Department of 3M Health Information Systems, Inc. 3M is a trademark of 3M Company. Document number PBL–011 October 2007 ii Definitions of Medicare Code Edits October 2007 Preliminary 07/31/07 About this document THE MEDICARE CODE EDITOR (MCE) detects and reports errors in the coding claims data. This manual contains a descrip- tion of each coding edit with corresponding ICD-9-CM code lists. The coding edit information in this manual is effective from 10/01/2007 to 09/30/2008. October 2007 About this document iii 07/31/07 Preliminary iv Definitions of Medicare Code Edits October 2007 Preliminary 07/31/07 Contents Preface About this document iii Chapter 1 Edit code lists 1.3 1. Invalid diagnosis or procedure code 1.4 2. E-code as principal diagnosis 1.4 3. Duplicate of PDX 1.4 4. Age conflict 1.4 5. Sex conflict 1.19 6. Manifestation code as principal diagnosis 1.37 7. Non-specific principal diagnosis 1.40 8. Questionable admission 1.40 9. Unacceptable principal diagnosis 1.41 10. Non-specific O.R. procedure 1.48 11. Non-covered procedure 1.48 12. Open biopsy check 1.51 13. Bilateral procedure 1.52 14. Invalid age 1.53 15. Invalid sex 1.53 16. Invalid discharge status 1.53 17. Limited coverage 1.53 Chapter 2 Code list changes 2.3 Changes to existing edits 2.3 Index I.1 October 2007 Contents v 07/31/07 Preliminary vi Definitions of Medicare Code Edits October 2007 Chapter 1 1Edit code lists Contents Edit code lists 1.3 1. Invalid diagnosis or procedure code 1.4 2. E-code as principal diagnosis 1.4 3. Duplicate of PDX 1.4 4. Age conflict 1.4 5. Sex conflict 1.19 6. Manifestation code as principal diagnosis 1.37 7. Non-specific principal diagnosis 1.40 8. Questionable admission 1.40 9. Unacceptable principal diagnosis 1.41 10. Non-specific O.R. procedure 1.48 11. Non-covered procedure 1.48 12. Open biopsy check 1.51 13. Bilateral procedure 1.52 14. Invalid age 1.53 15. Invalid sex 1.53 16. Invalid discharge status 1.53 17. Limited coverage 1.53 1.2 Definitions of Medicare Code Edits October 2007 Chapter 1 Edit code lists BELOW IS A LIST of edits described in this chapter. 1. Invalid diagnosis or procedure code 2. E-code as principal diagnosis 3. Duplicate of PDX 4. Age conflict 5. Sex conflict 6. Manifestation code as principal diagnosis 7. Non-specific principal diagnosis (Discontinued as of 10/01/07) 8. Questionable admission 9. Unacceptable principal diagnosis 10. Non-specific O.R. procedure (Discontinued as of 10/01/07) 11. Non-covered procedure 12. Open biopsy check 13. Bilateral procedure 14. Invalid age 15. Invalid sex 16. Invalid discharge status 17. Limited coverage October 2007 Edit code lists 1.3 1. Invalid diagnosis or The Medicare Code Editor checks each diagnosis including the procedure code admitting diagnosis and each procedure against a table of valid ICD-9-CM codes. If an entered code does not agree with any code on the internal list, it is assumed to be invalid or that the 4th or 5th digit of the code is invalid or missing. For a list of all valid ICD-9-CM codes, see volumes 2 (diseases) and 3 (procedures) of the International Classification of Dis- eases, 9th Revision, Fourth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). 2. E-code as principal E-codes are ICD-9-CM codes beginning with the letter E. They diagnosis describe the circumstance causing an injury, not the nature of the injury, and therefore should not be used as a principal diagnosis. For a list of all E-codes, see volume 2 (diseases) of the Interna- tional Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Fourth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). 3. Duplicate of PDX Whenever a secondary diagnosis is coded the same as the princi- pal diagnosis, the secondary diagnosis is identified as a duplicate of the principal diagnosis. 4. Age conflict The Medicare Code Editor detects inconsistencies between a patient’s age and any diagnosis on the patient’s record. For example, a five-year-old patient with benign prostatic hypertro- phy or a 78-year-old patient coded with a delivery. In the above cases, the diagnosis is clinically and virtually impos- sible in a patient of the stated age. Therefore, either the diagnosis or the age is presumed to be incorrect. There are four age categories for diagnoses in the program: ◆ Newborn. Age of 0 years; a subset of diagnoses intended only for newborns and neonates (e.g., fetal distress, perinatal jaundice). ◆ Pediatric. Age range is 0–17 years inclusive (e.g., Reye’s syndrome, routine child health exam). ◆ Maternity. Age range is 12–55 years inclusive (e.g., diabe- tes in pregnancy, antepartum pulmonary complication). ◆ Adult. Age range is 15–124 years inclusive (e.g., senile delir- ium, mature cataract). The following pages contain lists of ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes with corresponding English descriptions for each of the age cate- gories described above. 1.4 Definitions of Medicare Code Edits October 2007 Newborn diagnoses 27701 Cystic fibrosis w ileus 76497 Fet grwth ret 1750-1999g 74783 Persistent fetal circ 76498 Fet grwth ret 2000-2499g 76077 Mat anticonv aff NB/fet 76499 Fet growth ret 2500+g 76078 Mat antimetabol aff NB 76500 Extreme immatur wtNOS 7620 Placenta previa aff NB 76501 Extreme immatur <500g 7621 Placenta hem NEC aff NB 76502 Extreme immatur 500-749g 7622 Abn plac NEC/NOS aff NB 76503 Extreme immatur 750-999g 7623 Placent transfusion syn 76504 Extreme immat 1000-1249g 7624 Prolapsed cord aff NB 76505 Extreme immat 1250-1499g 7625 Oth umbil cord compress 76506 Extreme immat 1500-1749g 7626 Umbil cond NEC aff NB 76507 Extreme immat 1750-1999g 7627 Chorioamnionitis aff NB 76508 Extreme immat 2000-2499g 7628 Abn amnion NEC aff NB 76509 Extreme immat 2500+g 7629 Abn amnion NOS aff NB 76510 Preterm infant NEC wtNOS 7630 Breech del/extrac aff NB 76511 Preterm NEC <500g 7631 Malpos/dispro NEC aff NB 76512 Preterm NEC 500-749g 7632 Forceps delivery aff NB 76513 Preterm NEC 750-999g 7633 Vacuum extrac del aff NB 76514 Preterm NEC 1000-1249g 7634 Cesarean delivery aff NB 76515 Preterm NEC 1250-1499g 7635 Mat anesth/analg aff NB 76516 Preterm NEC 1500-1749g 7636 Precipitate del aff NB 76517 Preterm NEC 1750-1999g 7637 Abn uterine contr aff NB 76518 Preterm NEC 2000-2499g 76381 Ab ftl hrt rt/rh b/f lab 76519 Preterm NEC 2500+g 76382 Ab ftl hrt rt/rh dur lab 76520 Weeks of gestation NOS 76383 Ab ftl hrt rt/rhy NOS 76521 <24 comp wks gestation 76384 Meconium dur del aff NB 76522 24 comp weeks gestation 76389 Compl del NEC aff NB 76523 25-26 comp wks gestation 7639 Compl deliv NOS aff NB 76524 27-28 comp wks gestation 76400 Light-for-dates wtNOS 76525 29-30 comp wks gestation 76401 Light-for-dates <500g 76526 31-32 comp wks gestation 76402 Lt-for-dates 500-749g 76527 33-34 comp wks gestation 76403 Lt-for-dates 750-999g 76528 35-36 comp wks gestation 76404 Lt-for-dates 1000-1249g 76529 37+ comp wks gestation 76405 Lt-for-dates 1250-1499g 7660 Exceptionally large baby 76406 Lt-for-dates 1500-1749g 7661 Heavy-for-date infan NEC 76407 Lt-for-dates 1750-1999g 76621 Post-term infant 76408 Lt-for-dates 2000-2499g 76622 Prolong gestation-infant 76409 Lt-for-dates 2500+g 7670 Cerebral hem at birth 76410 Lt-for-date w/mal wtNOS 76711 Epicranial subapo hemorr 76411 Lt-for-date w/mal <500g 76719 Injuries to scalp NEC 76412 Lt-date w/mal 500-749g 7672 Clavicle fx at birth 76413 Lt-date w/mal 750-999g 7673 Bone injury NEC at birth 76414 Lt-date w/mal 1000-1249g 7674 Spinal cord inj at birth 76415 Lt-date w/mal 1250-1499g 7675 Facial nerve inj-birth 76416 Lt-date w/mal 1500-1749g 7676 Brach plexus inj-birth 76417 Lt-date w/mal 1750-1999g 7677 Nerve inj NEC at birth 76418 Lt-date w/mal 2000-2499g 7678 Birth trauma NEC 76419 Lt-for-date w/mal 2500+g 7679 Birth trauma NOS 76420 Fetal malnutrition wtNOS 7680 Fetal death-anoxia NOS 76421 Fetal malnutrition <500g 7681 Fet death-anoxia dur lab 76422 Fetal malnutr 500-749g 7682 Fet distress befor labor 76423 Fetal mal 750-999g 7683 Fetal distrs dur lab/del 76424 Fetal mal 1000-1249g 7684 Fetal distress NOS 76425 Fetal mal 1250-1499g 7685 Severe birth asphyxia 76426 Fetal mal 1500-1749g 7686 Mild/mod birth asphyxia 76427 Fetal malnutr 1750-1999g 7687 Hypoxic-ischemic enceph 76428 Fetal malnutr 2000-2499g 7689 Birth asphyxia NOS 76429 Fetal malnutr 2500+g 769 Respiratory distress syn 76490 Fet growth retard wtNOS 7700 Congenital pneumonia 76491 Fet growth retard <500g 77010 Fetal & newborn asp NOS 76492 Fet growth ret 500-749g 77011 Meconium asp wo resp sym 76493 Fet growth ret 750-999g 77012 Meconium asp w resp symp 76494 Fet grwth ret 1000-1249g 77013 Amniotc asp w/o resp sym 76495 Fet grwth ret 1250-1499g 77014 Amniotic asp w resp sym 76496 Fet grwth ret 1500-1749g 77015 Blood asp w/o resp sympt October 2007 Edit code lists 1.5 Newborn diagnoses 77016 Blood asp w resp sympt 77589 Neonat endo/met dis NEC 77017 NB asp w/o resp symp NEC 7759 Transient met dis NB NOS 77018 NB asp w resp symp NEC 7760 NB hemorrhagic disease 7702 NB interstit emphysema 7761 Neonatal thrombocytopen 7703 NB pulmonary hemorrhage 7762 Dissem intravasc coag NB 7704 Primary atelectasis 7763 Oth neonatal coag dis 7705 NB atelectasis NEC/NOS 7764 Polycythemia neonatorum 7706 NB transitory tachypnea 7765 Congenital anemia 77081 Primary apnea of newborn 7766 Anemia of prematurity
Recommended publications
  • Hysteroscopy and Endometrial Ablation Using Novasure

    Hysteroscopy and Endometrial Ablation Using Novasure

    Hysteroscopy and Endometrial Ablation Using Novasure What is a hysteroscopy and endometrial ablation using Novasure? This is a procedure where a doctor uses a thin tube with a tiny camera to look inside the uterus. There are no incisions. Saline solution is used to expand the uterus in order to look at the inside of the uterus. The Novasure device is then used to burn the lining of the uterus. When is this surgery used? To evaluate and or treat diseases of the uterus • Painful periods. • Heavy or irregular vaginal bleeding. How do I prepare for surgery? • Before surgery, a pre-op appointment will be scheduled with your doctor at their office or with a nurse practitioner or physician assistant at Domino Farms. • Depending on your health, we may ask you to see your primary doctor, a specialist, and/or an anesthesiologist to make sure you are healthy for surgery. • The lab work for your surgery must be done at least 3 days before surgery. • Some medications need to be stopped before the surgery. A list of medications will be provided at your pre-operative appointment. • Smoking can affect your surgery and recovery. Smokers may have difficulty breathing during the surgery and tend to heal more slowly after surgery. If you are a smoker, it is best to quit 6-8 weeks before surgery. If you are unable to stop smoking before surgery, your doctor can order a nicotine patch while you are in the hospital. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (734) 763-6295 - 1 - • You will be told at your pre-op visit whether you will need a bowel prep for your surgery and if you do, what type you will use.
  • Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting

    Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting

    Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Directoras Adriana Kaplan y Laura Nuño Gómez Coordinadoras Magaly Thill y Nora Salas Seoane Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Directoras Adriana Kaplan y Laura Nuño Gómez Coordinadoras Magaly Thill y Nora Salas Seoane Neus Aliaga Sonia Núñez Puente Rut Bermejo Casado Laura Nuño Gómez Clara Carvalho Els Leye Giovanna Cavatorta Carla Moleiro Gily Coene Maya Pellicciari Ricardo Falcão Francesco Pompeo Lidia Fernández Montes Julia Ropero Carrasco Diana Fernández Romero Nora Salas Seoane Sabrina Flamini Cristina Santinho Michela Fusaschi Magaly Thill Cecilia Gallotti Valentina Vitale Adriana Kaplan Edición y revisión de la versión original en inglés Lucy Deegan Leirião This publication has been produced with the financial support of the Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme 2014-2020 of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of its authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. It is part of the Multisectoral Academic Programme to prevent and combat Female Genital Mutilation (FGM/C). © Los autores Editorial DYKINSON, S.L. Meléndez Valdés, 61 – 28015 Madrid Teléfono (+34) 91544 28 46 – (+34) 91544 28 69 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.dykinson.es http://www.dykinson.com ISBN: Preimpresión: Besing Servicios Gráfi cos, S.L. [email protected] Table of contents List of abbreviations ..................................................................................... 15 Institutions and authors ............................................................................... 17 Chapter I. Introduction to the Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on FGM/C .............................................................................. 25 Laura Nuño Gómez and Adriana Kaplan 1.
  • Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery Exceptional

    Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery Exceptional

    FEMALE GENITAL COSMETIC SURGERY EXCEPTIONAL FUNDING REQUIRED BaNES, Swindon and Wiltshire CCG (BSW) does not normally fund elective vaginal labial surgery, vaginoplasty or hymenorrhaphy. Clinicians must ensure there is a clear clinical rationale for any potential intervention, as all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-clinical reasons are defined as Female Genital Mutilation and as such are against the law. (The Female Genital Mutilation Act of 2003) Clinicians must be alert to the possibility that some patients who seek revision surgery may do so as a result of previous interventions which are classed as unlawful under the Act. Background Labiaplasty A labiaplasty is a surgical procedure to reduce the size of the labia minora. Labiaplasty is generally a cosmetic procedure to change appearance alone and common consequence of childbirth is not sufficient reason to apply for funding. Labiaplasty is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. Vaginoplasty Non-reconstructive vaginoplasty or "vaginal rejuvenation" is used to restore vaginal tone and appearance. As this is generally considered a cosmetic procedure, vaginoplasty is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. Hymenorrhaphy Hymenorrhaphy, or hymen reconstruction surgery, is a cosmetic procedure and is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. This policy does not relate to reversal of female genital mutilation. This policy is informed by the NHS England (2013) Interim Clinical Commissioning Policy Labiaplasty, Vaginoplasty & Hymenorrhaphy. (Armed Forces Commissioning Policy Task and Finish Group) Reference: Policy Name Review Date Version BSW-CP046 Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery March 2023 4.1 .
  • Urology Services in the ASC

    Urology Services in the ASC

    Urology Services in the ASC Brad D. Lerner, MD, FACS, CASC Medical Director Summit ASC President of Chesapeake Urology Associates Chief of Urology Union Memorial Hospital Urologic Consultant NFL Baltimore Ravens Learning Objectives: Describe the numerous basic and advanced urology cases/lines of service that can be provided in an ASC setting Discuss various opportunities regarding clinical, operational and financial aspects of urology lines of service in an ASC setting Why Offer Urology Services in Your ASC? Majority of urologic surgical services are already outpatient Many urologic procedures are high volume, short duration and low cost Increasing emphasis on movement of site of service for surgical cases from hospitals and insurance carriers to ASCs There are still some case types where patients are traditionally admitted or placed in extended recovery status that can be converted to strictly outpatient status and would be suitable for an ASC Potential core of fee-for-service case types (microsurgery, aesthetics, prosthetics, etc.) Increasing Population of Those Aged 65 and Over As of 2018, it was estimated that there were 51 million persons aged 65 and over (15.63% of total population) By 2030, it is expected that there will be 72.1 million persons aged 65 and over National ASC Statistics - 2017 Urology cases represented 6% of total case mix for ASCs Urology cases were 4th in median net revenue per case (approximately $2,400) – behind Orthopedics, ENT and Podiatry Urology comprised 3% of single specialty ASCs (5th behind
  • Native Kidney Biopsy

    Native Kidney Biopsy

    Mohammed E, et al., J Nephrol Renal Ther 2020, 6: 034 DOI: 10.24966/NRT-7313/100034 HSOA Journal of Nephrology & Renal Therapy Review Article Native Kidney Biopsy: An Introduction The burden of non communicable diseases has been a worldwide Update and Best Practice public health challenge, as chronic diseases compose 61% of global deaths and 49% of the global burden of diseases. Currently, many Evidence countries are encountering a fast transformation in the disease pro- file from first generation diseases such as infectious diseases to the encumbrance of non communicable diseases. In addition, Chronic Ehab Mohammed1, Issa Al Salmi1 *, Shilpa Ramaiah1 and Suad Hannawi2 Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a global public health challenge as 10% of the global population is affected [1,2]. 1Nephrologist, The Renal Medicine Department, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman The scarcity of well-trained renal pathologists, even in high-in- come countries, is a major obstacle to use of biopsy samples. The ISN 2Medicine Department, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, UAE is working worldwide to enhance development of local renal patholo- gy expertise. Levin et al stated that analysis of kidney biopsy samples can be used to stratify CKD into distinct subgroups of diseases based Abstract on specific histological patterns, when combined with the clinical pre- sentation [3]. Diabetes mellitus and hypertensive nephropathy are the Objectives: To Provide up-to-date guidelines for medical and nurs- commonly identified causes of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD). ing staffs on the pre, during, and post care of a patient undergoing a Also, many patients with glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythe- percutaneous-kidney-biopsy-PKB.
  • Reversible Signal Abnormalities in the Hippocampus and Neocortex After Prolonged Seizures

    Reversible Signal Abnormalities in the Hippocampus and Neocortex After Prolonged Seizures

    Reversible Signal Abnormalities in the Hippocampus and Neocortex after Prolonged Seizures Stephen Chan, Steven S. M. Chin, Krishnan Kartha, Douglas R. Nordli, Robert R. Goodman, Timothy A. Pedley, and Sadek K. Hilal PURPOSE: To investigate the phenomenon of reversible increased signal intensity of medial temporal lobe structures and cerebral neocortex seen on MR images of six patients with recent prolonged seizure activity. METHODS: After excluding patients with known causes of reversible signal abnormalities (such as hypertensive encephalopathy), we retrospectively reviewed the clinical findings and MR studies of six patients whose MR studies showed reversible signal abnor- malities. MR pulse sequences included T2-weighted spin-echo coronal views or conventional short-tau inversion-recovery coronal images of the temporal lobes. RESULTS: All six MR studies showed increased signal intensity within the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus in five studies. All follow-up MR examinations showed partial or complete resolution of the hyperin- tensity within the medial temporal lobe and the neocortex. In one patient, results of a brain biopsy revealed severe cerebral cortical gliosis. Temporal lobectomy performed 4 years later showed moderate cortical gliosis and nonspecific hippocampal cell loss and gliosis. CONCLUSION: Sig- nificant hyperintensity within the temporal lobe is demonstrable on MR images after prolonged seizure activity, suggestive of seizure-induced edema or gliosis. Damage to medial temporal lobe structures by prolonged seizure activity indicates a possible mechanism of epileptogenic disorders. Index terms: Brain, magnetic resonance; Brain, temporal lobe; Hippocampus; Seizures AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:1725–1731, October 1996 Prolonged seizure activity is associated with character of the acute neuronal loss in the hip- long-lasting neurologic damage and even death pocampus seen after an episode of status epi- in humans (1–3); prompt treatment is required lepticus is different from the neuronal loss and to forestall irreversible changes (4).
  • Brian D Earp, Jennifer Hendry, Michael Thomson Medical Law Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, Autumn 2017, Pages 604–627

    Brian D Earp, Jennifer Hendry, Michael Thomson Medical Law Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, Autumn 2017, Pages 604–627

    This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in “Medical Law Review, following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version: Reason and Paradox in Medical and Family Law: Shaping Children's Bodies Brian D Earp, Jennifer Hendry, Michael Thomson Medical Law Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, Autumn 2017, Pages 604–627, The article is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/medlaw/article- abstract/25/4/604/3852239?redirectedFrom=fulltext REASON AND PARADOX IN MEDICAL AND FAMILY LAW: SHAPING CHILDREN’S BODIES Brian D. Earp, Jennifer Hendry & Michael Thomson ABSTRACT Legal outcomes often depend on the adjudication of what may appear to be straightforward distinctions. In this article, we consider two such distinctions that appear in medical and family law deliberations: the distinction between religion and culture, and between therapeutic and non-therapeutic. These distinctions can impact what constitutes ‘reasonable parenting’ or a child’s ‘best interests’ and thus the limitations that may be placed on parental actions. Such distinctions are often imagined to be asocial facts, there for the judge to discover. We challenge this view, however, by examining the controversial case of B and G [2015]. In this case, Sir James Munby stated that the cutting of both male and female children’s genitals for non- therapeutic reasons constituted ‘significant harm’ for the purposes of the Children Act 1989. He went on to conclude, however, that while it can never be reasonable parenting to inflict any form of non-therapeutic genital cutting on a female child, such cutting on male children was currently tolerated.
  • Endometrial Ablation

    Endometrial Ablation

    PATIENT INFORMATION A publication of Jackson-Madison County General Hospital Surgical Services Endometrial Ablation As an alternative to hysterectomy, your doctor may recommend a procedure called an endometrial ablation. The endometrium is the lining of the uterus. The word ablation means destroy. This surgery eliminates the endometrial lining of the uterus. It is often used in cases of very heavy menstrual bleeding. Because this surgery causes a decrease in the chances of becoming pregnant, it is not recommended for women who still want to have children. The advantage of this procedure is that your recovery time is usually faster than with hysterectomy. Your doctor will use general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia to perform the procedure. He will talk with you about the type of anesthesia that will be used in your case. This surgery can be done in an outpatient setting. During the procedure, a narrow, lighted viewing tube (the size of a pencil) called a hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. A tiny camera that is attached shows the uterus on a monitor. There are several ways the endometrial lining can be ablated (destroyed). Those methods include laser, radio waves, electrical current, freezing, hot water (balloon), or heated loop. The instruments are inserted through the tube to perform the ablation. Your doctor may also do a laparoscopy at the same time to be sure there are not other conditions that might require treatment or further surgery. In a laparoscopy, a small, lighted scope is used to look at the other organs in the pelvis.
  • Asymptotic Medicine by Karmen Lončarek Karmen.Loncarek@Markant.Hr

    Asymptotic Medicine by Karmen Lončarek [email protected]

    HeAltH of tHe HeAltH SySteM 83 doi: 10.3325/cmj.2009.50.83 Asymptotic Medicine By Karmen Lončarek [email protected] Medicine and “Big Pharma” (1), as its strongest ally, are rap- although extreme, example: suppose there was a medi- idly reorienting toward treating the healthy people, which cation that could make everybody’s skin color exactly the is well reflected in the Ray Moynihan’s term of disease same. If everyone took the medication, discrimination mongering (2) and Richard Smith’s list of non-diseases (3). based on skin color would certainly be eliminated. How- The most obvious and commonest reasons for this trend ever, having the “wrong” skin color is not a “lifestyle prob- are profit (healthy people are more numerous and wealth- lem,” nor are aging, menopause, or shyness (13). Obviously, ier than ill people), defensive medicine (fear from lawsuits medicine plays a role of strong social regulator, concealing for malpractice) (4), greater personal satisfaction, and bet- some aspects of social injustice and inequality. ter health outcomes (generally, healthy people have bet- ter outcomes than the sick ones). However, there are some TECHNOLOGY OF USELESSNESS other, less obvious, reasons why physicians choose to treat healthy people. Besides physician-healthy patient relation, there is also a second important element of modern medicine – medi- Let us take a look at the list of the most prevalent medical cal technology. procedures (Box 1) and the most common pharmaceuti- cal interventions (Box 2) aimed at healthy people (lifestyle There are two scenarios about the future of technology – pharmacology), which pervade almost all medical special- one is that totally useful technology would finally bring us to ties (5-9).
  • Fearful Symmetries: Essays and Testimonies Around Excision and Circumcision. Rodopi

    Fearful Symmetries: Essays and Testimonies Around Excision and Circumcision. Rodopi

    Fearful Symmetries Matatu Journal for African Culture and Society ————————————]^——————————— EDITORIAL BOARD Gordon Collier Christine Matzke Frank Schulze–Engler Geoffrey V. Davis Aderemi Raji–Oyelade Chantal Zabus †Ezenwa–Ohaeto TECHNICAL AND CARIBBEAN EDITOR Gordon Collier ———————————— ]^ ——————————— BOARD OF ADVISORS Anne V. Adams (Ithaca NY) Jürgen Martini (Magdeburg, Germany) Eckhard Breitinger (Bayreuth, Germany) Henning Melber (Windhoek, Namibia) Margaret J. Daymond (Durban, South Africa) Amadou Booker Sadji (Dakar, Senegal) Anne Fuchs (Nice, France) Reinhard Sander (San Juan, Puerto Rico) James Gibbs (Bristol, England) John A. Stotesbury (Joensuu, Finland) Johan U. Jacobs (Durban, South Africa) Peter O. Stummer (Munich, Germany) Jürgen Jansen (Aachen, Germany) Ahmed Yerma (Lagos, Nigeria)i — Founding Editor: Holger G. Ehling — ]^ Matatu is a journal on African and African diaspora literatures and societies dedicated to interdisciplinary dialogue between literary and cultural studies, historiography, the social sciences and cultural anthropology. ]^ Matatu is animated by a lively interest in African culture and literature (including the Afro- Caribbean) that moves beyond worn-out clichés of ‘cultural authenticity’ and ‘national liberation’ towards critical exploration of African modernities. The East African public transport vehicle from which Matatu takes its name is both a component and a symbol of these modernities: based on ‘Western’ (these days usually Japanese) technology, it is a vigorously African institution; it is usually
  • Infection on Neurological Implanted Devices

    Infection on Neurological Implanted Devices

    ECCMID Amsterdam 09.04.2016 Challenging complex infections for ID physicians Infection on neurological implanted devices Anna Conen, MD MSc Deputy Head Physician Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene ESCMIDKantonsspital Aarau, eLibrary Switzerland by author Disclosures Received travel grants from Gilead, Merck Sharp Dohme, ViiV Healthcare, Bristol- Myers Squibb and Janssen. ESCMID eLibrary by author Outline • Diagnosis of implant-associated infections • Treatment concepts of implant-associated infections • Specific infections associated with the following implants: Craniotomy/bone flap Cranioplasty Deep brain stimulator Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt Neurological implants ESCMIDSpinal cord stimulator External ventricular eLibrary drainage Ventriculo-atrial shunt by author Risk of implant-associated infections Device No. inserted in the US, Infection rate, % per year Fracture fixation devices 2,000,000 5–10 Dental implants 1,000,000 5–10 Joint prostheses 600,000 1–3 Neurosurgical implants 450,000 3–15 Cardiac pacemakers 300,000 1–7 Mammary implants 130,000 1–2 Mechanical heart valves 85,000 1–3 Penile implants 15,000 1–3 Heart assist devices 700 25–50 ESCMID eLibraryDarouiche RO. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 33:1567-1572 by author Concept and diagnosis of biofilm Biofilm Sonication - Bacteria adhere to implant - Sonication of implants*: surface detachment of biofilm - Embed in a matrix - Sonication fluid plated on - In stationary growth phase culture media - Slowly replicate Standard method: 3 Sonication of tissue biopsies implant: Sensitivity ~60% Sensitivity 80-90% *Cranioplasty, shunts, screws, plates, stimulators, etc. Zimmerli W. J Infect Dis. 1982;146(4):487-97. Trampuz A. NEJM 2007;357:654–663. Portillo M. J Clin Microbiol 2015;53(5):1622-7.
  • Endometrial Ablation

    Endometrial Ablation

    AQ The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FAQ134 fSPECIAL PROCEDURES Endometrial Ablation • What is endometrial ablation? • Why is endometrial ablation done? • Who should not have endometrial ablation? • Can I still get pregnant after having endometrial ablation? • What techniques are used to perform endometrial ablation? • What should I expect after the procedure? • What are the risks associated with endometrial ablation? • Glossary What is endometrial ablation? Endometrial ablation destroys a thin layer of the lining of the uterus and stops the menstrual flow in many women. In some women, menstrual bleeding does not stop but is reduced to normal or lighter levels. If ablation does not control heavy bleeding, further treatment or surgery may be required. Why is endometrial ablation done? Endometrial ablation is used to treat many causes of heavy bleeding. In most cases, women with heavy bleeding are treated first with medication. If heavy bleeding cannot be controlled with medication, endometrial ablation may be used. Who should not have endometrial ablation? Endometrial ablation should not be done in women past menopause. It is not recommended for women with certain medical conditions, including the following: • Disorders of the uterus or endometrium • Endometrial hyperplasia • Cancer of the uterus • Recent pregnancy • Current or recent infection of the uterus Can I still get pregnant after having endometrial ablation? Pregnancy is not likely after ablation, but it can happen. If it does, the risk of miscarriage and other problems are greatly increased. If a woman still wants to become pregnant, she should not have this procedure. Women who have endometrial ablation should use birth control until after menopause.