DOCSLIB.ORG

Asymptotic Medicine by Karmen Lončarek [email protected]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Asymptotic Medicine by Karmen Lončarek Karmen.Loncarek@Markant.Hr HeAltH of tHe HeAltH SySteM 83 doi: 10.3325/cmj.2009.50.83 Asymptotic Medicine By Karmen Lončarek [email protected] Medicine and “Big Pharma” (1), as its strongest ally, are rap- although extreme, example: suppose there was a medi- idly reorienting toward treating the healthy people, which cation that could make everybody’s skin color exactly the is well reflected in the Ray Moynihan’s term of disease same. If everyone took the medication, discrimination mongering (2) and Richard Smith’s list of non-diseases (3). based on skin color would certainly be eliminated. How- The most obvious and commonest reasons for this trend ever, having the “wrong” skin color is not a “lifestyle prob- are profit (healthy people are more numerous and wealth- lem,” nor are aging, menopause, or shyness (13). Obviously, ier than ill people), defensive medicine (fear from lawsuits medicine plays a role of strong social regulator, concealing for malpractice) (4), greater personal satisfaction, and bet- some aspects of social injustice and inequality. ter health outcomes (generally, healthy people have bet- ter outcomes than the sick ones). However, there are some TECHNOLOGY OF USELESSNESS other, less obvious, reasons why physicians choose to treat healthy people. Besides physician-healthy patient relation, there is also a second important element of modern medicine – medi- Let us take a look at the list of the most prevalent medical cal technology. procedures (Box 1) and the most common pharmaceuti- cal interventions (Box 2) aimed at healthy people (lifestyle There are two scenarios about the future of technology – pharmacology), which pervade almost all medical special- one is that totally useful technology would finally bring us to ties (5-9). the Utopia and the other that technology would overpower us and create the Dystopia. Today, a third scenario is emerg- FEEL-GOOD DRUGS AND COERCIVE NORMALITY ing: the rise of useless technology or the technology of use- lessness. We still remember the technology of Star Wars, but The above-listed medical procedures and pharmaceuticals we are also aware of the huge amounts of nuclear weap- make the patient feel better without curative properties. ons that could destroy the planet not only once, but many Furthermore, most of these treatments and medications times: all of these extremely elaborate and extremely expen- are basically targeted less to help the patient, or “patient,” sive items are genuinely and undeniably useless. Moreover, and more to “help” the society by “normalizing” the patients their real value is mainly in their uselessness – their creation and, subsequently, by homogenizing the population. and production was from the beginning driven by the idea that these weapons will never be activated (14). Virtually, any unpleasant or socially unwanted human con- dition can become the object of medical-pharmaceutical LOW-HANGING FRUIT treatment, and justification is almost universal: in today’s globalized culture, physical and mental well-being (euphe- Similar technology of uselessness can be detected in health mism for “normality” or coercive normality) are highly ap- care systems, especially in many transitional countries, ie, preciated and of a great social value and any aberration diagnostic image devices that cannot be used because no from this socially demanded “normality” has a great impact staff was trained to use them (I cannot corroborate my ob- on patient’s quality of life (12). servation by any reference because this problem is not the one that local physicians or journalists are allowed to re- In other words, physicians are dealing with social injustices search or write about). by prescribing drugs to render their patients more similar to the norm, and thus concealing the fact that it is up to so- Many expensive medications can be described as a high- ciety to eliminate injustice while retaining the population’s hanging fruit, ie, they are extremely complicated to de- heterogeneity. velop, extremely expensive, and of very little benefit. When we compare the cost-benefit ratio of low-hang- It is not so annoying when a physician deals with patient’s ing medical fruits like soap and running water used in prominent ears or snub nose, but let us take an illustrative, the prevention of infectious diseases (15) with that www.cmj.hr 84 HeAltH of tHe HeAltH SySteM Croat Med J. 2009; 50: 83-6 of modern high-hanging fruits (like extremely expensive SHRINKING AREAS OF PEAK-SHAPED KNOWLEDGE cytostatics that extend the life for only a few weeks or ex- tremely expensive medical apparatuses, like 25-gauge vit- There is also a third important element of modern med- rectomy, that provide relatively small benefit compared icine, ie, medical education. We can see that it has been with smaller gauge vitrectomies) (16,17), we see that the taken over by a trend of fragmentation into narrowly con- latter asymptotically approaches the infinity – to the point fined specializations and sub-specializations, and that phy- of medical l’art pour l’art, pure medical technology eman- sicians are forced to develop a peak-shaped knowledge by cipated and liberated of usefulness. learning more and more on progressively shrinking areas Box 1.. List of the most prevalent medical procedures aimed for healthy people Pediatrics sliding genioplasty of the jawbone) Esthetic dentistry (7) Routine circumcision of neonates Cheek augmentation Tooth whitening Umbilical cord blood banking Collagen, fat, and other tissue filler injec- Tooth contouring tions (eg, hyaluronic acid) Dermatology Enamel-shaping (or tooth bonding; an Scalp advancement Skin lightening (with kojic acid, polyphe- enamel-like dental composite material is nol extract from acerola, arbutine; laser Facial implants applied to a tooth’s surface) treatments) Ophthalmology Dental bridges Cosmetic tattooing Subconjunctival decorative implants Cosmetic porcelain veneers Hair transplantation Eyelash transplantation Gingivoplasty (gum lift) Permanent hair removal (laser epilation) Laser pupilloplasty (permanent dilation of Gingivectomy Injection of botulinum toxin pupils) Dental implants Injectable facial implants (collagen, hyal- Blepharoplasty, including Asian blepharo- Microabrasion uronic acid, autologous fat tissue) plasty in order to look more Caucasian Crowns Laser skin resurfacing Eyelash-lengthening drug tradename Orthodontic treatments Chemical peeling Latisse, bimatoprost solution 0.03%, pro- Jaw wiring (orthodontic brackets prevent- duced by Allergan, was developed from Mesotherapy ing the eating of solid foods) Microdermabrasion drug used for the treatment of glaucoma) Orthopedics Aesthetic treatment of leg veins (sclero- Andrology/male urology therapy, laser therapy) Scrotal implants Rib removal (the lowest ribs surgically removed to make the waist thinner) General surgery: procedures of body Penis enlargement (with a filler injections contouring or fat grafting) Leg lengthening surgery (Ilizarov tech- Abdominoplasty (“tummy tuck”) nique of surgical lengthening of leg bones) Gynecology and obstetrics (5) Mammoplasty (breast reshaping): breast Cosmetic surgery of the feet (eg, shorten- Labiaplasty augmentation (fat grafting, saline or ing of the secnd toe) silicone gel prosthetics); breast reduction; Cosmetic genitoplasty Otorhinolaringology breast lift Vaginal rejuvenation Rhinoplasty Male pectoral implant Designer vaginoplasty Otoplasty Buttock augmentation (silicone implants Hymenorrhaphy (revirgination) or fat grafting) G-spot amplification Non-surgical therapy of non-apnoic snor- Liposuction Elective Cesarean section on term ing Mandibular advancement splints “Abdominal etching” liposuction tech- Digestive surgery (different procedures nique (creates definition of “six-pack abs”) of bariatric surgery or weight loss Continuous positive airway pressure Brachioplasty (surgical treatment for upper surgery) (6) devices arm soft tissue excess and laxity) Biliopancreatic diversion Surgical therapy of non- apnoic snoring “Thighplasty” Jejuno-ileal bypass Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty Scar revision Vertical banded gastroplasty Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty Radical surgical makeover (4-5 surgical Adjustable gastric band Palatal stiffening techniques procedures at a time) Sleeve gastrectomy Pillar implants Maxillofacial surgery Gastric bypass surgery Injection snoreplasty Rhytidectomy (“face lift”) Sleeve gastrectomy with duodenal switch Radiofrequency ablation of the soft palate Chin augmentation (with an implant or by Implantable gastric stimulation or tongue base www.cmj.hr Lončarek 85 Box 2. List of lifestyle pharmaceuticals (8) Drug therapy for obesity: sibutramine, orlistat, phentermine, diethylpropion, fluoxetine, bupropion, amphetamine, methamphetamine; sertraline, topiramate, zonisamide, rimonabant Use of human growth hormone for normal, healthy, aging adults (9) Norethisterone for postponing the menstruation Pharmaceuticals targeted to alleviate the menopausal “symptoms” (hormone replacement therapy, local therapy for vaginal dryness, nutritional supplements, black cohosh extract...) Pharmaceuticals targeted to alleviate the “symptoms” of normal aging or “somatopause” (nootropics; psychopharmaca; hormones; ecodrugs ie, plants and herbs with known hallucinogenic, sedative or stimulating effects) (10) Pharmaceuticals for erectile dysfunction (sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, phentolamine, apomorphine) Dapoxetine against premature ejaculation Pharmaceuticals for androgenetic baldness (finasteride, dutasteride, minoxidil, topical caffeine) Testosterone
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
    Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Directoras Adriana Kaplan y Laura Nuño Gómez Coordinadoras Magaly Thill y Nora Salas Seoane Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Directoras Adriana Kaplan y Laura Nuño Gómez Coordinadoras Magaly Thill y Nora Salas Seoane Neus Aliaga Sonia Núñez Puente Rut Bermejo Casado Laura Nuño Gómez Clara Carvalho Els Leye Giovanna Cavatorta Carla Moleiro Gily Coene Maya Pellicciari Ricardo Falcão Francesco Pompeo Lidia Fernández Montes Julia Ropero Carrasco Diana Fernández Romero Nora Salas Seoane Sabrina Flamini Cristina Santinho Michela Fusaschi Magaly Thill Cecilia Gallotti Valentina Vitale Adriana Kaplan Edición y revisión de la versión original en inglés Lucy Deegan Leirião This publication has been produced with the financial support of the Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme 2014-2020 of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of its authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. It is part of the Multisectoral Academic Programme to prevent and combat Female Genital Mutilation (FGM/C). © Los autores Editorial DYKINSON, S.L. Meléndez Valdés, 61 – 28015 Madrid Teléfono (+34) 91544 28 46 – (+34) 91544 28 69 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.dykinson.es http://www.dykinson.com ISBN: Preimpresión: Besing Servicios Gráfi cos, S.L. [email protected] Table of contents List of abbreviations ..................................................................................... 15 Institutions and authors ............................................................................... 17 Chapter I. Introduction to the Multisectoral Academic Training Guide on FGM/C .............................................................................. 25 Laura Nuño Gómez and Adriana Kaplan 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery Exceptional
    FEMALE GENITAL COSMETIC SURGERY EXCEPTIONAL FUNDING REQUIRED BaNES, Swindon and Wiltshire CCG (BSW) does not normally fund elective vaginal labial surgery, vaginoplasty or hymenorrhaphy. Clinicians must ensure there is a clear clinical rationale for any potential intervention, as all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-clinical reasons are defined as Female Genital Mutilation and as such are against the law. (The Female Genital Mutilation Act of 2003) Clinicians must be alert to the possibility that some patients who seek revision surgery may do so as a result of previous interventions which are classed as unlawful under the Act. Background Labiaplasty A labiaplasty is a surgical procedure to reduce the size of the labia minora. Labiaplasty is generally a cosmetic procedure to change appearance alone and common consequence of childbirth is not sufficient reason to apply for funding. Labiaplasty is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. Vaginoplasty Non-reconstructive vaginoplasty or "vaginal rejuvenation" is used to restore vaginal tone and appearance. As this is generally considered a cosmetic procedure, vaginoplasty is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. Hymenorrhaphy Hymenorrhaphy, or hymen reconstruction surgery, is a cosmetic procedure and is not normally supported or funded by the CCG. This policy does not relate to reversal of female genital mutilation. This policy is informed by the NHS England (2013) Interim Clinical Commissioning Policy Labiaplasty, Vaginoplasty & Hymenorrhaphy. (Armed Forces Commissioning Policy Task and Finish Group) Reference: Policy Name Review Date Version BSW-CP046 Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery March 2023 4.1 .
    [Show full text]
  • Brian D Earp, Jennifer Hendry, Michael Thomson Medical Law Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, Autumn 2017, Pages 604–627
    This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in “Medical Law Review, following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version: Reason and Paradox in Medical and Family Law: Shaping Children's Bodies Brian D Earp, Jennifer Hendry, Michael Thomson Medical Law Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, Autumn 2017, Pages 604–627, The article is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/medlaw/article- abstract/25/4/604/3852239?redirectedFrom=fulltext REASON AND PARADOX IN MEDICAL AND FAMILY LAW: SHAPING CHILDREN’S BODIES Brian D. Earp, Jennifer Hendry & Michael Thomson ABSTRACT Legal outcomes often depend on the adjudication of what may appear to be straightforward distinctions. In this article, we consider two such distinctions that appear in medical and family law deliberations: the distinction between religion and culture, and between therapeutic and non-therapeutic. These distinctions can impact what constitutes ‘reasonable parenting’ or a child’s ‘best interests’ and thus the limitations that may be placed on parental actions. Such distinctions are often imagined to be asocial facts, there for the judge to discover. We challenge this view, however, by examining the controversial case of B and G [2015]. In this case, Sir James Munby stated that the cutting of both male and female children’s genitals for non- therapeutic reasons constituted ‘significant harm’ for the purposes of the Children Act 1989. He went on to conclude, however, that while it can never be reasonable parenting to inflict any form of non-therapeutic genital cutting on a female child, such cutting on male children was currently tolerated.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 Oeming in VULVA VANITAS
    IN VULVA VANITAS – The Rise of Labiaplasty in the West By Madita Oeming, University of Paderborn, Germany Abstract Since the turn of the 21 st century, more and more women choose to undergo Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery (FGCS) to fit a vulvovaginal aesthetic ideal. With a focus on reduction labiaplasty as the currently most widespread of these procedures, this article examines FGCS through a critical cultural studies lens to position it within larger feminist debates about body image, consumer culture, and female agency. A central question is where our Western ideal of female genital appearance comes from that incites the desire to undergo surgical body modification? Against the backdrop of post-colonial criticism, the article challenges the distinction between FGM in non-Western cultures and FGCS in the West through questioning the notion of informed consent associated with the latter. By bringing together otherwise separate voices from various disciplines, the overall aim is to present FGCS as an intricate interface between biology, psychology, culture, and media discourse. 1 “It’s time to let my labia rip and rearrange this.” – from “Pussy Manifesto” by Bitch & Animal 1 Try this: walk into a drug store, grab a shopping cart, and put inside every product designed to optimize the female-coded body. Spoiler alert! One cart will not be enough. Shampoo to make our hair shiny, lotions to make our skin smooth, toothpaste to whiten our teeth, concealer to hide our freckles, gloss to boost our lips, face masks to make us look like we had enough sleep, fake nails, fake lashes, fake tan – the assortment is as endless as its subtext is loud and clear: your body needs modification! A plethora of anti-something products provide an exhaustive list of things we are supposed to work on: frizz, cellulite, pimples, puffiness, dark circles, body hair, brittle nails, stretch marks, belly fat, to name just a few; and of course, any sign of aging whatsoever, from grey hair to wrinkles to saggy arm skin.
    [Show full text]
  • Labiaplasty / Vaginoplasty Commissioning Policy
    Commissioning Statement: Condition or Labiaplasty / Vaginoplasty Treatment: Background: This commissioning policy is needed as cosmetic procedures are not routinely commissioned. Labiaplasty is a surgical procedure where the folds of the labia minora are partially removed, usually for cosmetic reasons alone to change appearance. Non-reconstructive vaginoplasty or "vaginal rejuvenation" is another cosmetic procedure used to restore vaginal tone and appearance Note: Female circumcision is prohibited in law by the Female Genital Mutilation Act 20031 and is the subject of multi-agency guidelines from the Department of Health. Patients who have undergone female genital mutilation should be referred to a specialist female genital mutilation clinic via NHS England. Commissioning The CCG will ONLY routinely commission reconstructive labiaplasty/ position: vaginoplasty: • Following surgery for cancer; • vaginal repair following delivery; • for dyspareunia caused by scarring from vaginal delivery (including Fenton‟s procedure); • for scarring caused by underlying dermatology condition such as Lichen Sclerosis NHS North Yorkshire CCG does not routinely commission labiaplasty/ vaginoplasty, for cosmetic reasons, as these procedures are considered to be of limited clinical value. This is in line with the Interim Clinical Commissioning Policy produced by NHS England. Requests for labiaplasty will be considered, via a request to the IFR Panel, for the following indication: • Where the labia are directly contributing to recurrent disease or infection Requests for vaginoplasty will be considered, via a request to the IFR Panel, for the following indication: • Congenital absence or significant developmental/endocrine abnormalities of the vaginal canal, The clinician needs to submit an application to the CCG‟s Individual Funding Request Panel (IFR) Referral Exceptional cases can be referred to the CCG’s Individual Funding Guidance: Request Panel for prior approval.
    [Show full text]
  • Female Cosmetic Genital Surgery: Lifestyle Or Science?
    FEATURE Female Cosmetic Genital Surgery: lifestyle or science? BY ILIAS GIARENIS AND LINDA CARDOZO he demand for female cosmetic vaginal rejuvenation®’ or ‘G shot®’, functional reasons, it might be justifiable genital surgery (FCGS) has makes the scientific assessment of these to attract public funding. A clear and increased over the last decade [1]. operations very difficult. The terminology strict selection process of appropriate TThis rise is difficult to quantify, needs to be standardised in an effort to candidates for FCGS is required to allow as the majority of these procedures are avoid ambiguity and inconsistency [7]. allocation of government funding. performed in the private sector. However, Additionally, conflicts of interest prevent this trend is also obvious within national studying trademarked or proprietary Normal anatomy and patient health systems (NHS, UK), where the treatments [8]. There is a well-recognised perception number of operations coded as ‘excision lack of robust evidence on the safety A robust selection process would be of excess labial tissue’ increased from and benefits of these procedures [9]. In impossible without understanding of the 568 in 2002 to 1,064 in 2008 [2]. view of this, colleges and associations of normal anatomy of the female genitalia. A number of reasons could explain obstetrics and gynaecology have issued A small cross-sectional study reporting the increasing demand for FCGS. warnings about the performance of such on the normal dimensions and exact Younger women favour less pubic hair, operations [10]. positioning of the vagina, urethra, clitoris which results in easier visualisation and labia, showed a wide natural variation of the external genitalia [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Icd-9-Cm (2010)
    ICD-9-CM (2010) PROCEDURE CODE LONG DESCRIPTION SHORT DESCRIPTION 0001 Therapeutic ultrasound of vessels of head and neck Ther ult head & neck ves 0002 Therapeutic ultrasound of heart Ther ultrasound of heart 0003 Therapeutic ultrasound of peripheral vascular vessels Ther ult peripheral ves 0009 Other therapeutic ultrasound Other therapeutic ultsnd 0010 Implantation of chemotherapeutic agent Implant chemothera agent 0011 Infusion of drotrecogin alfa (activated) Infus drotrecogin alfa 0012 Administration of inhaled nitric oxide Adm inhal nitric oxide 0013 Injection or infusion of nesiritide Inject/infus nesiritide 0014 Injection or infusion of oxazolidinone class of antibiotics Injection oxazolidinone 0015 High-dose infusion interleukin-2 [IL-2] High-dose infusion IL-2 0016 Pressurized treatment of venous bypass graft [conduit] with pharmaceutical substance Pressurized treat graft 0017 Infusion of vasopressor agent Infusion of vasopressor 0018 Infusion of immunosuppressive antibody therapy Infus immunosup antibody 0019 Disruption of blood brain barrier via infusion [BBBD] BBBD via infusion 0021 Intravascular imaging of extracranial cerebral vessels IVUS extracran cereb ves 0022 Intravascular imaging of intrathoracic vessels IVUS intrathoracic ves 0023 Intravascular imaging of peripheral vessels IVUS peripheral vessels 0024 Intravascular imaging of coronary vessels IVUS coronary vessels 0025 Intravascular imaging of renal vessels IVUS renal vessels 0028 Intravascular imaging, other specified vessel(s) Intravascul imaging NEC 0029 Intravascular
    [Show full text]
  • For One Drop of Blood: Virginity, Sexual Norms and Medical Processes in Hymenoplasty Consultations in the Netherlands Sherria Ayuandini Washington University in St
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Summer 8-15-2017 For One Drop of Blood: Virginity, Sexual Norms and Medical Processes in Hymenoplasty Consultations in the Netherlands Sherria Ayuandini Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Ayuandini, Sherria, "For One Drop of Blood: Virginity, Sexual Norms and Medical Processes in Hymenoplasty Consultations in the Netherlands" (2017). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1206. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/1206 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Anthropology Department Dissertation Examination Committee: John Richard Bowen, Chair Jan Willem Duyvendak, Co-Chair Anita Hardon Annemarie Mol Annelies Moors Shanti Parikh Bradley Stoner Marguerite van den Berg For One Drop of Blood: Virginity, Sexual Norms and Medical Processes in Hymenoplasty Consultations in the Netherlands by Sherria Ayuandini A dissertation presented to The Graduate School of Washington University in
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Annex 2. AHRQ ICD-9 Procedure Codes 0044 PROC-VESSEL
    Annex 2. AHRQ ICD-9 Procedure Codes 0044 PROC-VESSEL BIFURCATION OCT06- 0201 LINEAR CRANIECTOMY 0050 IMPL CRT PACEMAKER SYS 0202 ELEVATE SKULL FX FRAGMNT 0051 IMPL CRT DEFIBRILLAT SYS 0203 SKULL FLAP FORMATION 0052 IMP/REP LEAD LF VEN SYS 0204 BONE GRAFT TO SKULL 0053 IMP/REP CRT PACEMAKR GEN 0205 SKULL PLATE INSERTION 0054 IMP/REP CRT DEFIB GENAT 0206 CRANIAL OSTEOPLASTY NEC 0056 INS/REP IMPL SENSOR LEAD OCT06- 0207 SKULL PLATE REMOVAL 0057 IMP/REP SUBCUE CARD DEV OCT06- 0211 SIMPLE SUTURE OF DURA 0061 PERC ANGIO PRECEREB VES (OCT 04) 0212 BRAIN MENINGE REPAIR NEC 0062 PERC ANGIO INTRACRAN VES (OCT 04) 0213 MENINGE VESSEL LIGATION 0066 PTCA OR CORONARY ATHER OCT05- 0214 CHOROID PLEXECTOMY 0070 REV HIP REPL-ACETAB/FEM OCT05- 022 VENTRICULOSTOMY 0071 REV HIP REPL-ACETAB COMP OCT05- 0231 VENTRICL SHUNT-HEAD/NECK 0072 REV HIP REPL-FEM COMP OCT05- 0232 VENTRI SHUNT-CIRCULA SYS 0073 REV HIP REPL-LINER/HEAD OCT05- 0233 VENTRICL SHUNT-THORAX 0074 HIP REPL SURF-METAL/POLY OCT05- 0234 VENTRICL SHUNT-ABDOMEN 0075 HIP REP SURF-METAL/METAL OCT05- 0235 VENTRI SHUNT-UNINARY SYS 0076 HIP REP SURF-CERMC/CERMC OCT05- 0239 OTHER VENTRICULAR SHUNT 0077 HIP REPL SURF-CERMC/POLY OCT06- 0242 REPLACE VENTRICLE SHUNT 0080 REV KNEE REPLACEMT-TOTAL OCT05- 0243 REMOVE VENTRICLE SHUNT 0081 REV KNEE REPL-TIBIA COMP OCT05- 0291 LYSIS CORTICAL ADHESION 0082 REV KNEE REPL-FEMUR COMP OCT05- 0292 BRAIN REPAIR 0083 REV KNEE REPLACE-PATELLA OCT05- 0293 IMPLANT BRAIN STIMULATOR 0084 REV KNEE REPL-TIBIA LIN OCT05- 0294 INSERT/REPLAC SKULL TONG 0085 RESRF HIPTOTAL-ACET/FEM
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenorrhaphy (Hymenoplasty)
    Information delivered to: Version 4 November 2019 Patient’s name: ____________________________ Date: ___________________________________________ Signature: • Indications The surgeon uses the sequelae of the torn hymen by making an incision in the middle part and bringing them together. If the remains of the hymen are not enough, he takes a sample from the surrounding mucous membrane to rebuild a solid membrane. He then sutures with an absorbable suture which disappears after ten to fifteen days. The scar, which is hidden in the folds of the hymen, is completely invisible. • After the surgery The patient feels very mild pain and can return to work the next day. In order to allow proper healing, she must avoid physical activities, saunas and swimming pools for one month. Hymenoplasty is a procedure which allows women to regain an intact hymen before marriage or rebuild psychologically • Results of Hymenoplasty after an unhappy experience. Hymenoplasty is a surgical The results of the hymenoplasty are immediate and last until procedure that uses a flap of vaginal lining to reconstruct a the next sexual intercourse. It is undetectable, even in the broken hymen or creates one for a woman who was born event of a gynecological examination before a wedding. without. • Hymenoplasty – Indications Blood loss is not systematic when the hymen ruptures. The hymen is the membrane that separates the vagina and However, even if there is no bleeding, the man will feel the vulva which breaks during the first sexual intercourse. resistance at the moment of penetration. The hymen is elastic depending on the woman. Some To increase the probability of bleeding before a marriage, women are born without a hymen, in others, it is broken by some women do not hesitate to have surgery a week before horse riding, cycling, gymnastics, or even by inserting a the wedding, so that the unhealed wound causes bleeding tampon.
    [Show full text]
  • Female Genitalia Individual Funding Request Policy
    FEMALE GENITALIA INDIVIDUAL FUNDING REQUEST POLICY Version: 1819.v4b Recommendation by: Somerset CCG Clinical Commissioning Policy Forum (CCPF) Date Ratified: June 2018 Name of Originator/Author: IFR Manager Approved by Responsible Somerset CCG Clinical Executive Committee/Individual: Committee (CEC) Publication/issue date: October 2018 Review date: Earliest of either NICE publication or 3 years from issue Target audience: SCCG: NHS Providers GP Practices Contracts Team Medical Directors: Taunton & Somerset NHS FT Yeovil District Hospital NHS FT Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS FT Somerset Partnership NHS FT Application Form Generic IFR Application INSERT NAME OF POLICY (Arial 12) CONTENTS Section Page Version Control 1 1 General Principles 2 2 Policy Criteria 3 3 Background 4 4 Individual Funding Process 5 5 Access To Policy 6 6 References 6 VERSION CONTROL Document Status: Current policy Version: 1819.v4a DOCUMENT CHANGE HISTORY Version Date Comments V8e December 2015 Remove from the Guidance for Clinicians Document to individual policy 1516.v3 December 2015 Include more data to General Principles item 12 and the background information 1516.v4 July 2017 Change CSU template to SCCG template 1516.v4a June 2018 3 year review no change to criteria, move to SCCG policy template Equality Impact Assessment 20151118 V1 (EIA) Form OR EIA Screening Form completed. Date: Quality Impact Assessment March 2018 QIA. Date: Sponsoring Director: Sandra Cory Document Reference: 1819.v4a 1 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES 1.1 Funding approval will only be given
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Image on Aspects in Different Gynecological Surgery
    logy & Ob o st ec e tr n i y c s G Ali et al., Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale) 2016, 6:7 Gynecology & Obstetrics DOI: 10.4172/2161-0932.1000i101 ISSN: 2161-0932 Clinical Image Article Open Access Clinical Image on Aspects in Different Gynecological Surgery Zakira Ali*, Al-khima Bafobi, Mund-el Naza and Esarkha Afolama Women Centre, Saudi Hospital, Dubai, Saudi Arabia *Corresponding author: Zakira Ali, Resident, Women Centre, Saudi Hospital, Dubai, Saudi Arabia, Tel: +971 4 389 0000; E-mail: [email protected] Received Date: July 30, 2016; Accepted Date: July 30, 2016; Published Date: July 31, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Ali Z et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Author’s gynecology studies have given several types of surgeries and out of which are embroiled herein section below in the form of images. Keywords: Gynecology; Laparoscopy; Hymenoplasty; Penile Gynecology Laparoscopic Surgery Gynecologic laparoscopy is an alternative to open surgery. It uses a laparoscope to look inside your pelvic area. Open surgery often requires a large incision (Figures 1 and 2). Figure 3: Hymenoplasty in Saudi Women. Figure 1: Laparoscopic view of endometriosis (the dark spots represent endometriosis). Breast Implants A breast implant is a prosthesis used to change the size, shape, and contour of a woman’s breast. In reconstructive plastic surgery, breast implants can be placed to restore a natural looking breast mound for post–mastectomy breast reconstruction patients or to correct congenital defects and deformities of the chest wall.
    [Show full text]