DOCSLIB.ORG

RED ALGAE · RHODOPHYTA WEEK 2 Notebook Requirements (22 Drawings) 1) Rhodymenia Spp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
RED ALGAE · RHODOPHYTA WEEK 2 Notebook Requirements (22 Drawings) 1) Rhodymenia Spp RED ALGAE · RHODOPHYTA WEEK 2 Notebook Requirements (22 drawings) 1) Rhodymenia spp. -2 drawings (thallus and cross section) 2) Callophyllis spp-2 drawings (thallus and cross section) 3) Mazzaella spp.- 6 drawings (3 thallus drawings, 3 cross sections) 4) Mastocarpus species complex- 3 drawings (2 thallus drawings and 1 cross section of the tetrasporphyte) 5) Endocladia muricata- 2 drawings (thallus under dissecting scope and cross section) 6) Caliarthron spp.& Mesophyllum spp- 2 drawings (thallus and cross section) 7) Bossiella spp.- 1 drawing 8) Corrallina spp- 1 drawing 9) Unknowns- 3 drawings & keying steps Class Florideophyceae cont. E. Order Rhodymeniales Thalli multiaxial; plants erect to decumbent or creeping; branches solid or hollow; tetrasporangia embedded just beneath surface, scattered or in sori, cruciate or tetrahedral. Species: Rhodymenia 1. Draw thallus. 2. Prepare a cross section and use the compound scope to observe. 3. Draw cross section of internal structure. Look for large isodiametric medullary cells that grade to small cortical cells. F. Order Gigartinales Thalli of various morphologies, mostly fleshy, formed by compact aggregation of filaments; tetrasporangia zonately or cruciately divided, scattered and embedded in cortex or grouped in deep internal sori; cells usually small with discoid chloroplasts, without pyrenoids. Uni- or multiaxial species. Species: Callophyllis 1. Draw thallus. 2. Prepare a cross section and use the compound scope to observe 3. Draw cross section of internal structure. Look for medullary cells mixed with branched filaments (see figure on page 462 in MAC to see uniseriate filaments mixed with medullary cells). Q: Compare and contrast the external and internal structure of Rhodymenia with the external and internal structure of Callophyllis. In what ways do they look the same and in what ways do they look different? Species: Mastocarpus papillatus species complex (C. Agardh) Lindstrom Mastocarpus demonstrates heteromorphic alternation of generations. The two generations are: Mastocarpus = upright, gametophyte/carposporophyte “Petrocelis” stage = crustose pseudoparenchymatous tetrasporophyte 1. Draw the thallus of Mastocarpus gametophyte & carposporophyte 2. Make a cross section of the crustose stage. Draw the filament orientation and look for tetrasporangia. If they are present, include the tetrasporangia in your drawing. Q: What type of tetrasporangia does the “Petrocelis” stage have? (see diagram below) Cruciate Zonate Tetrahedral Q: Which alga is the 1N stage and which is the 2N stage? Species: Mazzaella flaccida (forme rl y Iridaea flaccida) 1. Draw the thallus and a cross section of all three life history stages of Mazzaella. Be able to recognize all three life history phases. Label the cortex, medulla, and reproductive structures. Carposporophyte = Large bumps Tetrasporophyte = Small bumps Male Gametophyte = Smooth Q: What is the thallus construction of this alga? Q: What type of tetrasporangia does Mazzaella have? (See diagram above) Species: Endocladia muricata Prepare a macroscopic piece of the thallus for the dissecting scope, a cross section for the compound scope, and observe: 1. Draw the external morphology & draw the cross section. Q: Is this algae uniaxial or multiaxial? 2. Reproductive features. Look for the wart-like, golden, elevated bumps on branches bearing female reproductive structures. These are called nemathecia. 3. Note tiny co nical spines on the side of the thallus. What is their function? G. Order Corallinales A group of calcified red algae with thalli of crustose bases and articulated fronds; usually saxicolous, sometimes epiphytic or epizoic. Coralline algae may be non- geniculate or geniculate. The non-geniculate coralline algae are crustose, forming a thin, prostrate mass of modified filaments on the substrate. Geniculate corallines are articulated into two tissue types: genicula and intergenicula. The genicula are made of filaments only, and are not calcified, while both cortex and filaments make up the calcified intergenicula. The intergenicular medulla are composed of arching tiers of cells of same length. Geniculate Species: Calliarthron spp, Bossiella spp. & Corallina spp 1. Decalcify a small portion of Caliarthron with 5% HCl for 1 hour prior to sectioning. 2. Draw decalcified sample, label genicula and intergenicula. 3. Section through a conceptacle to view tetrasporangia. Sketch a conceptacle and a tetrasporangium. What type of tetrasporangium did you find? See diagram above. Observe and sketch: 4. External structure of Bosiella & Corralina spp. Label conceptacles,genicula and intergenicula. Non-geniculate Species: Mesophyllum sp. Mesophyllum is a non-geniculate alga, found epiphytically on geniculate corallines. 4. Draw the thallus of Mesophyllum on the geniculate alga it was found on. Unknowns- Write out steps for key and draw external thallus of the 3 unknowns. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Habitat Matters for Inorganic Carbon Acquisition in 38 Species Of
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations August 2013 Habitat Matters for Inorganic Carbon Acquisition in 38 Species of Red Macroalgae (Rhodophyta) from Puget Sound, Washington, USA Maurizio Murru University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Murru, Maurizio, "Habitat Matters for Inorganic Carbon Acquisition in 38 Species of Red Macroalgae (Rhodophyta) from Puget Sound, Washington, USA" (2013). Theses and Dissertations. 259. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/259 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HABITAT MATTERS FOR INORGANIC CARBON ACQUISITION IN 38 SPECIES OF RED MACROALGAE (RHODOPHYTA) FROM PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON, USA1 by Maurizio Murru A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee August 2013 ABSTRACT HABITAT MATTERS FOR INORGANIC CARBON ACQUISITION IN 38 SPECIES OF RED MACROALGAE (RHODOPHYTA) FROM PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON, USA1 by Maurizio Murru The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2013 Under the Supervision of Professor Craig D. Sandgren, and John A. Berges (Acting) The ability of macroalgae to photosynthetically raise the pH and deplete the inorganic carbon pool from the surrounding medium has been in the past correlated with habitat and growth conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 Table A1
    OIK-00806 Kordas, R. L., Dudgeon, S., Storey, S., and Harley, C. D. G. 2014. Intertidal community responses to field-based experimental warming. – Oikos doi: 10.1111/oik.00806 Appendix 1 Table A1. Thermal information for invertebrate species observed on Salt Spring Island, BC. Species name refers to the species identified in Salt Spring plots. If thermal information was unavailable for that species, information for a congeneric from same region is provided (species in parentheses). Response types were defined as; optimum - the temperature where a functional trait is maximized; critical - the mean temperature at which individuals lose some essential function (e.g. growth); lethal - temperature where a predefined percentage of individuals die after a fixed duration of exposure (e.g., LT50). Population refers to the location where individuals were collected for temperature experiments in the referenced study. Distribution and zonation information retrieved from (Invertebrates of the Salish Sea, EOL) or reference listed in entry below. Other abbreviations are: n/g - not given in paper, n/d - no data for this species (or congeneric from the same geographic region). Invertebrate species Response Type Temp. Medium Exposure Population Zone NE Pacific Distribution Reference (°C) time Amphipods n/d for NE low- many spp. worldwide (Gammaridea) Pacific spp high Balanus glandula max HSP critical 33 air 8.5 hrs Charleston, OR high N. Baja – Aleutian Is, Berger and Emlet 2007 production AK survival lethal 44 air 3 hrs Vancouver, BC Liao & Harley unpub Chthamalus dalli cirri beating optimum 28 water 1hr/ 5°C Puget Sound, WA high S. CA – S. Alaska Southward and Southward 1967 cirri beating lethal 35 water 1hr/ 5°C survival lethal 46 air 3 hrs Vancouver, BC Liao & Harley unpub Emplectonema gracile n/d low- Chile – Aleutian Islands, mid AK Littorina plena n/d high Baja – S.
    [Show full text]
  • Efecto De La Escala Espacial Sobre Los Factores Que Determinan La Invasión De Macroalgas Exóticas En La Costa Del Pacífico SE
    Universidad de Concepción Dirección de Postgrado Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas área Botánica Efecto de la escala espacial sobre los factores que determinan la invasión de macroalgas exóticas en la costa del Pacífico SE. Tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas área Botánica CRISTÓBAL ALONSO VILLASEÑOR PARADA CONCEPCIÓN-CHILE 2017 Profesor Guía: Aníbal Pauchard Cortés Dpto. de Conservación y Manejo de Recursos, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Profesor Co-Guía: Erasmo Macaya Horta Dpto. de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción Esta tesis fue desarrollada en el Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción. Profesor Guía Dr. Aníbal Pauchard Cortés Profesor Co-Guía Dr. Erasmo Macaya Horta Comisión Evaluadora Dr. Lohengrin Cavieres Dra. Paula Neill Nuñez Director del Programa Dr. Pablo Guerrero Director Escuela de Postgrado Dra. Ximena García C. ii DEDICATORIA A Álvaro y María Paz A Jaime y Patricia A Sebastián y Marcia A Miriam y Alejandro y a la más hermosa de todas las princesas: Ilda Rosa Riffo Rodríguez (Q.E. P.D.) “Investigar es ver lo que todo el mundo ha visto, y pensar lo que nadie más ha pensado” Albert Szent “El amor por todas las criaturas vivientes es el más notable atributo del hombre” Charles Darwin “La ciencia sin religión es coja, la religión sin la ciencia es ciega” Albert Einstein iii AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a la Beca CONICYT N°21110927 que financió tanto mis estudios de doctorado, así como también parte importante de este proyecto de investigación.
    [Show full text]
  • Red Algae Respond to Waves: Morphological and Mechanical Variation in Mastocarpus Papillatus Along a Gradient of Force
    Reference: Biol. Bull. 208: 114–119. (April 2005) © 2005 Marine Biological Laboratory Red Algae Respond to Waves: Morphological and Mechanical Variation in Mastocarpus papillatus Along a Gradient of Force JUSTIN A. KITZES AND MARK W. DENNY* Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California, 93950 Abstract. Intertidal algae are exposed to the potentially tive to other biological materials (Denny et al., 1989), algal severe drag forces generated by crashing waves, and several distribution and abundance may be constrained by wave species of brown algae respond, in part, by varying the force (e.g., Shaughnessy et al., 1996). The question of strength of their stipe material. In contrast, previous mea- whether algal populations respond to variation in wave surements have suggested that the material strength of red intensity with morphological or mechanical adjustments to algae is constant across wave exposures. Here, we reexam- their shape or strength remains both open and intriguing. ine the responses to drag of the intertidal red alga Masto- Previous laboratory and field studies have demonstrated carpus papillatus Ku¨tzing. By measuring individuals at that some species of brown algae (Ochrophyta, class multiple sites along a known force gradient, we discern Phaeophyceae) exhibit considerable variability in breaking responses overlooked by previous methods, which com- force, cross-sectional area, and material strength in response pared groups of individuals between “exposed” and “pro- to differing exposure conditions (Charters et al., 1969; tected” sites. This improved resolution reveals that material Armstrong, 1987; McEacheron and Thomas, 1987; Gerard, strength and stipe cross-sectional area are both positively 1987; Koehl and Alberte, 1988; Kraemer and Chapman, correlated with drag, suggesting that individual blades or 1991a; Johnson and Koehl, 1994; Milligan and DeWreede, populations can adjust either or both of these parameters in 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Lemay Martone 2018 Mastocarpus Microbes.Pdf
    Received: 22 August 2017 | Revised: 11 July 2018 | Accepted: 19 July 2018 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14815 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Alternate life history phases of a common seaweed have distinct microbial surface communities Matthew A. Lemay1,2 | Patrick T. Martone1,2 | Katharine R. Hind1,2 | Sandra C. Lindstrom1,2 | Laura Wegener Parfrey1,2,3 1Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Abstract Columbia, Canada Macroalgal life histories are complex, often involving the alternation of distinct free‐ 2Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British living life history phases that differ in morphology, longevity and ploidy. The sur- Columbia, Canada 3Department of Zoology, University of faces of marine macroalgae support diverse microbial biofilms, yet the degree of British Columbia, Vancouver, British microbial variation between alternate phases is unknown. We quantified bacterial Columbia, Canada (16S rRNA gene) and microeukaryote (18S rRNA gene) communities on the surface Correspondence of the common intertidal seaweed, Mastocarpus spp., which alternates between Matthew A. Lemay, Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada. gametophyte (foliose, haploid) and sporophyte (encrusting, diploid) life history Email: [email protected] phases. A large portion (97%) of bacterial taxa on the surface Mastocarpus was also Funding information present in samples from the environment, indicating that macroalgal surface commu- Tula Foundation nities are largely assembled from the surrounding seawater. Still, changes in the rela- tive abundance of bacterial taxa result in significantly different communities on alternate Mastocarpus life history phases, rocky substrate and seawater at all inter- tidal elevations. For microeukaryote assemblages, only high intertidal samples had significant differences between life history phases although sporophytes were not different from the rocky substrate at this elevation; gametophytes and sporophytes did not differ in microeukaryote communities in the mid and low zones.
    [Show full text]
  • NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Phycologia
    NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Phycologia. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 November 1. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPublished NIH-PA Author Manuscript in final edited NIH-PA Author Manuscript form as: Phycologia. 2010 May 1; 49(3): 274±282. doi:10.2216/PH09-41.1. Spatial distribution and reproductive phenology of sexual and asexual Mastocarpus papillatus (Rhodophyta) Janna L. Fierst†, Janet E. Kübler, and Steven R. Dudgeon* Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330-8303 Abstract Species of the genus Mastocarpus exhibit two distinct life cycles, a sexual alternation of generations and an obligate, asexual direct life cycle that produces only female upright fronds. In the intertidal red alga, M. papillatus (Kützing) sexual fronds dominate southern populations and asexual fronds dominate northern populations along the northeast Pacific coast, a pattern of spatial separation called geographic parthenogenesis. Along the central coast of California, sexual and asexual variants occur in mixed populations, but it is not known whether they are spatially separated within the intertidal zone at a given site. We investigated reproductive phenologies and analyzed patterns of spatial distributions of sexual and asexual M. papillatus at three sites in this region. Sexual M. papillatus were aggregated lower on the shore at two sites and only reproduced during part of a year, while asexual M. papillatus occurred throughout the intertidal range at all sites and reproduced throughout the year. The distribution patterns of sexual and asexual M. papillatus are consistent with a hypothesis of shoreline topography influencing their dynamics of dispersal and colonization. Spatial and temporal partitioning may contribute to the long-term coexistence of sexual and asexual life histories in this, and other, species of Mastocarpus.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Species from Dr. Patti Halpin
    Limpets Lottia austrodigitalis/ Lottia pelta* cone shape, fairly digitalis* Lottia scabra/conus* symmetrical, weakly ridged, Lottia limatula* brownish, radial small, apex far forward, sometimes checkered at edge and vertical ribs make 'file' strongly ribbed with scalloped ridged shell edges, small pattern, apex 1/3 from anterior Lottia gigantea* large, apex far forward, often with epibiota in Lottia scutum 'sheild limpet', Acmea mitra mitre cap limpet, very lower tide areas peaked, often with crustose coralline flat, smooth, round Diodora aspera keyhole limpet, round opening in Fissurella volcano* keyhole Megathura crenulata* very large front of apex limpet, rectangular hole, brown keyhole limpet, tan shell, black to red, can be striped mantle Barnacles, Crabs Megabalanus californicus big, low intertidal, pink, pyramid shaped ribs on Chthamalus spp* small, gray, Tetraclita rubescens* Balanus glandula* white, rosy, ribbed plates plate simple 'beak' forming cross, complex 'beak', smooth plates smooth plates Pachygrapsus crassipes* Pollicipes polymerus* gooseneck barnacle Pagurus samuelis* blue bands at Pagurus granosimanus brown end of legs, blue pincer tips, red Pagurus hirsutiusculus* white bands unbanded legs, red antennae antennae on legs, spotted antennae Sea Hares, Snails, Whelks Littorina keenae* small, Littorina plena/scutulata* small, high high intertidal, rounder Aplysia vaccaria* larger, dark intertidal, pointier than keenae, may than scutulata, white band Aplysia californica* common, brown brown color, sometimes with have checker
    [Show full text]
  • PISCO Coastal Biodiversity Survey University of California Santa Cruz
    PISCO Coastal Biodiversity Survey University of California Santa Cruz http://cbsurveys.ucsc.edu Please note: The information listed below is provided for your convenience. We ask that you please contact the SWAT Team ([email protected]) prior to using this information for any purpose. We make this request to: 1. Reduce redundancy; we may be currently working on projects that involve this information. 2. We would like to be informed of and involved in projects developed using this information. We have been careful to voucher any organisms that were difficult to identify in the field so that more detailed evaluation could be done in the lab. We are therefore confident that the identification of organisms listed below is reliable with the caveat that some sponges and tunicates are very difficult to identify to species without detailed histological evaluation, which we have not done. The number of cases where this could have been a problem is very small. For more information please visit our website above or link directly to our protocols at: http://cbsurveys.ucsc.edu/sampling/images/dataprotocols.pdf Cape Mendocino, Humboldt County, California May 28, 2002 Species list: Amphissa versicolor Katharina tunicata Analipus japonicus Lacuna spp Anthopleura elegantissima Laminaria setchellii Anthopleura sola Laminaria sinclairii Anthopleura xanthogrammica Lepidochitona dentiens Balanus glandula Lepidochitona hartwegii Bossiella spp Lepidozona spp Calliarthron spp Leptasterias spp Callithamnion pikeanum Littorina keenae Cancer antennarius Littorina
    [Show full text]
  • Seaweeds of California Green Algae
    PDF version Remove references Seaweeds of California (draft: Sun Nov 24 15:32:39 2019) This page provides current names for California seaweed species, including those whose names have changed since the publication of Marine Algae of California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976). Both former names (1976) and current names are provided. This list is organized by group (green, brown, red algae); within each group are genera and species in alphabetical order. California seaweeds discovered or described since 1976 are indicated by an asterisk. This is a draft of an on-going project. If you have questions or comments, please contact Kathy Ann Miller, University Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley. [email protected] Green Algae Blidingia minima (Nägeli ex Kützing) Kylin Blidingia minima var. vexata (Setchell & N.L. Gardner) J.N. Norris Former name: Blidingia minima var. subsalsa (Kjellman) R.F. Scagel Current name: Blidingia subsalsa (Kjellman) R.F. Scagel et al. Kornmann, P. & Sahling, P.H. 1978. Die Blidingia-Arten von Helgoland (Ulvales, Chlorophyta). Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 31: 391-413. Scagel, R.F., Gabrielson, P.W., Garbary, D.J., Golden, L., Hawkes, M.W., Lindstrom, S.C., Oliveira, J.C. & Widdowson, T.B. 1989. A synopsis of the benthic marine algae of British Columbia, southeast Alaska, Washington and Oregon. Phycological Contributions, University of British Columbia 3: vi + 532. Bolbocoleon piliferum Pringsheim Bryopsis corticulans Setchell Bryopsis hypnoides Lamouroux Former name: Bryopsis pennatula J. Agardh Current name: Bryopsis pennata var. minor J. Agardh Silva, P.C., Basson, P.W. & Moe, R.L. 1996. Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to the Seaweeds of British Columbia by Colin Bates, Dept of Botany, University of British Columbia
    An Introduction to the Seaweeds of British Columbia by Colin Bates, Dept of Botany, University of British Columbia. Adapted from an account originally published on E-Flora BC website. All photos by Colin Bates. any people are unaware can be large or small, helpful or endosymbiotic events gave rise to that British Columbia is a harmful, and believe it or not, red and green algae (e.g., Moreira et Mveritable hot spot of sea- stunningly beautiful and head- al. 2000). It is generally accepted weed biodiversity. At last count, scratchingly interesting. that there were multiple secondary there were approximately 650 endosymbiotic events. With the Unlike plants and animals, the algae macroalgal species found in waters advent of molecular tools, algal do not arise from a single common of the Pacific Northwest (Scagel et systematics is in the midst of a ancestor (a condition referred to as al. 1989, Gabrielson et al. 2000). Of substantial reworking of these and monophyly). Instead, they are a these, 530 are known to occur in other questions. group composed of many lineages BC. (group composed of many lineages; Molecular tools have also provided Why are so many people unaware of i.e. polyphyletic (Graham & Wilcox the opportunity to examine relation- the diversity of seaweeds that in- 2000). Throughout the history of ships between algae and land plants habit British Columbia’s waters and algal taxonomy, various characters (Bhattacharya & Medlin 1998). shores? Many initial encounters with have been invoked to describe this Mounting evidence suggests that seaweeds can be unpleasant, disparate group: simple bodied land plants are derived from an especially if you are wading into the organisms, reproductive propagules ancestor of the green algal order ocean for a swim, or trying to main- lacking well-developed structures as Charales (Mishler & Churchill 1985, tain your footing while scrambling in flowers or cones, mostly aquatic, Surek et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet
    Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet Nora R. Foster Principal Investigator Additional Researchers: Dennis Lees Sandra C. Lindstrom Sue Saupe Final Report OCS Study MMS 2010-005 November 2010 This study was funded in part by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) through Cooperative Agreement No. 1435-01-02-CA-85294, Task Order No. 37357, between BOEMRE, Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. This report, OCS Study MMS 2010-005, is available from the Coastal Marine Institute (CMI), School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7220. Electronic copies can be downloaded from the MMS website at www.mms.gov/alaska/ref/akpubs.htm. Hard copies are available free of charge, as long as the supply lasts, from the above address. Requests may be placed with Ms. Sharice Walker, CMI, by phone (907) 474-7208, by fax (907) 474-7204, or by email at [email protected]. Once the limited supply is gone, copies will be available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161, or may be inspected at selected Federal Depository Libraries. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet Nora R.
    [Show full text]
  • I a FLORISTIC ANALYSIS of the MARINE ALGAE and SEAGRASSES BETWEEN CAPE MENDOCINO, CALIFORNIA and CAPE BLANCO, OREGON by Simona A
    A FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MARINE ALGAE AND SEAGRASSES BETWEEN CAPE MENDOCINO, CALIFORNIA AND CAPE BLANCO, OREGON By Simona Augytė A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts In Biology December, 2011 [Type a quote from the [Type a quotedocument from theor the document or the summarysummary ofi ofan aninteresting point. Youinteresting can position point. the text box anywhereYou can in theposition document. Use the Textthe textBox Toolsbox tab to change theanywhere formatting in the of the pull quote textdocument. box.] Use the Text Box A FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MARINE ALGAE AND SEAGRASSES BETWEEN CAPE MENDOCINO, CALIFORNIA AND CAPE BLANCO, OREGON By Simona Augytė We certify that we have read this study and that it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully acceptable, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts. ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Frank J. Shaughnessy, Major Professor Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Erik S. Jules, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Sarah Goldthwait, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Michael R. Mesler, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Michael R. Mesler, Graduate Coordinator Date
    [Show full text]