DOCSLIB.ORG

RED000953.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

IDENTIFICACION Y RECONSTRUCCION DE LA RED DE APOYO A JOSE URREA EN SONORA DURANTE SU CONFLICTO ARMADO CON MANUEL MARIA GANDARA 1837-1845 Tesis que para obtener el grado de Maestro en Ciencias Sociales Línea de investigación: Estudios Históricos de Región y Frontera Presenta Ivan Aarón Torres Chon Directora de Tesis: Dra. Zulema Trejo Contreras Hermosillo, Sonora Febrero del 2011 INTRODUCCION I Planteamiento del problema III CAPITULO I. El SISTEMA DE GOBIERNO FEDERAL. I.1. Balance historiográfico sobre la pugna entre gobierno federalista y centralista. 1 I.2. El pronunciamiento por el federalismo-centralismo en la frontera norte. 5 I.3. José Urrea en la historiografía sonorense. 7 CAPITULO II. ANALISIS DE RED SOCIAL II.1. Análisis de redes en sociología, antropología e historia. 14 II.2 Marco Teórico referencial. 26 CAPITULO III. SONORA EN LA PRIMERA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX. III.1.Descripción geográfica de Sonora en las décadas de 1830 y 1840. 34 III.2 Principales poblaciones sonorenses. 37 III.2.1 Población general de Sonora. 42 III.2.1.1 Arizpe. 43 III.2.1.2 Horcasitas y Ures. 44 III.2.1.3 Hermosillo. 45 III.2.1.4 Álamos. 46 III.3 Tribus y asentamientos indígenas. 46 III.3.1 Incursiones Apache y sublevaciones indígenas en Sonora. 52 III.4 El intercambio comercial en Sonora en la década de 1830. 54 III.4.1 Agricultura. 55 III.4.2 Ganadería. 56 III.4.3 Minería. 57 III.5 Sistema de gobierno Nacional. 59 III.5.1 Grupos representativos de la política regional. 62 III.5.2 Participación de los militares en la administración estatal. 66 CAPITULO IV. IDENTIFICACION Y RECONSTRUCCION DE LA RED DE APOYO A JOSE URREA EN SONORA DURANTE SU CONFLICTO ARMADO CON MANUEL MARIA GANDARA 1837-1845 IV.1 Biografía de José Cosme Urrea Elías González. 70 IV.1.1 Trayectoria de José Cosme Urrea Elías González, 1807 a 1837. 75 IV.2 El Pronunciamiento federal del 26 de diciembre de 1837. 78 IV.2.1 El congreso extraordinario y campaña de la Columna Federal. 83 IV.3 Inicios del conflicto Gándara-Urrea. 90 IV.3.1 El general Urrea regresa a Sonora. 93 IV.4 José Cosme Urrea y los federalistas en Tamaulipas. 101 IV.5 Identificación de la red de apoyo a José Cosme Urrea en Sonora 1837-1841. 110 IV.6 José Cosme Urrea asume los mandos de Sonora. 114 IV.6.1 Resurge el conflicto entre Manuel María Gándara y José Cosme Urrea. 117 IV.6.2 El gobierno de Urrea busca conciliar con los sublevados. 123 IV.4.3 Enfrentamientos armados entre gandaristas y urreistas. 126 IV.6.4 El ataque de Manuel María Gándara a Sahuaripa y otras poblaciones. 138 IV.6.5 Casa Íñigo y Compañía se enemista con José Cosme Urrea. 130 IV.6.6 Los gándaras intensifican su ataque contra las fuerzas del gobierno. 132 IV.6.7 José Cosme Urrea deja el mando político y militar de Sonora. 142 IV.8.8 El pronunciamiento de Horcasitas. 14 CONCLUSIONES 150 BIBLIOGRAFIA 156 II Bibliografía consultada 163 Índice de Mapas No.1. Mapa geográfico de Sonora a mediados del Siglo XIX. 36 No.2. División territorial de Sonora en 1842. 41 No.3 Territorio habitado por indígenas en Sonora Siglos XVIII -XIX. 51 Índice de Cuadros No1 División territorial de Sonora en 1842. 38 No.2 Poblaciones en el distrito de Arizpe. 38 No.3 Poblaciones en el distrito de Horcasitas. 39 No.4 Poblaciones en el distrito de Hermosillo. 39 No.5 Poblaciones en el distrito de Baroyeca. 40 No.6 Habitantes en las principales poblaciones de Sonora 1822-1845. 42 No.7 Congreso federalista 1838 83 No.8 Junta departamental 1839-1842 106 No.9 Junta departamental 1843-1846 126 No.10 Junta departamental 1846 149 Índice de Esquemas No.1 Vínculos de José Cosme Urrea Elías González por distrito en Sonora 1837-1841. 111 Índice de Anexos 1.- Jefes políticos, Gobernadores y Legislaturas en Sonora 1819-1837 164 2.- Interrogatorio a partidarios del federalismo en Sonora 165 3 .- El agradecimiento de Anselmo Zúñiga y José Manuel Estrella 167 4.- Interrogatorio a Manuel María Gándara y editoriales en ciudad de México 170 5.- Conflicto de Casa Iñigo y Compañía con la Tesorería departamental 169 I INTRODUCCION En 1837 se realizó en Arizpe, Sonora, un congreso extraordinario en el cual –apoyado por representaciones de otras poblaciones-, el ayuntamiento y las principales autoridades de la región, decidieron desconocer el sistema de gobierno nacional que había impuesto la constitución de 1836, y elevar un plan para pronunciarse a favor de regirse bajo la carta magna de 1824. Los precursores principales de este hecho eran integrantes de familias influyentes en el territorio sonorense y habían ocupado cargos gubernamentales importantes. El congreso extraordinario designó al general José Cosme Urrea Elias González como su principal representante, entregándole el mando militar y político del territorio. A partir de ese momento dieron inicio una serie de acontecimientos en Sonora, que derivaron en un conflicto de intereses entre José Cosme Urrea y sus partidarios, contra el gobernador Manuel María Gándara, el cual llegó al enfrentamiento armado. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal reconstruir la red social que apoyó a José Cosme Urrea en los acontecimientos políticos y armados que siguieron al pronunciamiento de Arizpe en 1837, y culminaron a fines de 1845. Una de las causas que motivó a la elección de esta investigación, es el hecho de que tanto en la historiografía nacional, como en la regional, no se abordan los aspectos que hicieron posible la existencia de un grupo de aliados a José Cosme Urrea, que mantuvieron un firme apoyo durante las etapas que duró el conflicto, aun a costa de poner en riesgo pertenencias e integridad física propia y de sus familias. La historiografía consultada se limita a narrar acontecimientos, causas y efectos, basándose en decretos oficiales, sin dejar entrever cuál era la vinculación entre los personajes. Para identificar y reconstruir la red, se utilizaron los planteamientos teóricos II del análisis de redes sociales. De inicio destaca el hecho de que José Cosme era originario de la zona norte de Sonora, estuvo emparentado con las familias más importantes del territorio, y poseía una carrera militar destacada por su participación en la contrainsurgencia y otros eventos políticos nacionales, como la campaña contra los separatistas texanos. En 1837, José Cosme Urrea Elías González fue designado comandante general de Sonora, procedente de ciudad de México, su participación política y militar en Sonora inició a partir del pronunciamiento a favor del federalismo, con esto, surgen cambios estructurales en la organización gubernamental de la región. En busca de la reorganización política nacional, José Cosme Urrea sale de Sonora en mayo de 1838, tras ser derrotado en Sinaloa, el apoyo que su causa recibió entre las poblaciones cambió rotundamente al desconocerse el plan de Arizpe y reconocerse el sistema de gobierno central y a Manuel María Gándara como su representante, desconociendo así la autoridad de José Cosme Urrea y los funcionarios designados durante su mandato, a partir de ese momento da inicio una serie de conflictos políticos que obligó a la toma de las armas en diversas poblaciones sonorenses. José Cosme Urrea regresó a Sonora, las diferencias con Manuel María Gándara continuaron sin que cesaran los eventos bélicos, dando por resultado la salida del general Urrea del territorio para refugiarse en Durango y posteriormente encabezar la rebelión federalista en Tampico. Capturado tras su participación en Tamaulipas, Urrea fue trasladado a la ciudad de México donde protagonizó una contienda civil en 1840; reapareciendo temporalmente en Sonora a inicios de 1841, lo cual fue considerado como una resistencia al gobierno de Manuel María Gándara. En enero de 1842, José Cosme Urrea fue designado gobernador y comandante general de Sonora, Manuel María Gándara y III familia le declaran una guerra personal. Durante tres años, el gobierno urreista emprendió la persecución contra los sublevados. En 1845 el gobierno de la república despojó a José Cosme Urrea de los cargos de gobernador y comandante general de Sonora. A partir de ese momento, sus opositores exigieron una sola cosa: su salida inmediata de Sonora. Cuando en agosto sus enemigos deciden tomar las armas para atacarle, la red urreista se hizo presente nuevamente para defenderlo hasta que a fines de ese año, Urrea decidió emprender su marcha fuera de Sonora y nunca regresó. Planteamiento del problema. Con el pronunciamiento de José Urrea a favor del federalismo en Arizpe, en Sonora inició una lucha entre notables por el control del poder político. En apoyo del establecimiento del sistema de gobierno centralista se encontraba la red social encabezada por Manuel Gándara. Los pueblos sonorenses participaron en el conflicto y personajes importantes de la entidad financiaron económicamente la campaña militar de ambos ejércitos que se extendió por un periodo aproximado de 10 años. Este investigación parte de dos hipótesis: 1.- Si en 1837 José Urrea encabezó el Pronunciamiento de Arizpe a favor del federalismo, entonces existió una red social compuesta por algunos miembros de la milicia, clérigos, y notables de la región de Arizpe y otras partes de Sonora y la nación con los recursos económicos y políticos suficientes para apoyarlo durante el tiempo que se prolongó el conflicto; 2.- Los integrantes de la red que apoyó a José Urrea, tenían intereses económicos y políticos comunes que les motivaron a respaldarlo en su lucha contra Gándara. Las preguntas que se propusieron para la comprobación de las hipótesis planteadas fueron: ¿Quiénes fueron los personajes que apoyaron el pronunciamiento de IV José Urrea a favor del federalismo en 1837 y durante el tiempo que duro el conflicto?, ¿Cuáles eran los cargos públicos, clericales y militares que ocuparon los integrantes de la red que apoyó a Urrea? y ¿Cuáles fueron los intereses que compartían los personajes que apoyaron a José Urrea y les impulsaron a enfrentar de manera política, civil y armada a Manuel María Gándara y quienes le apoyaron durante el tiempo que se prolongó el conflicto? La importancia de llevar a cabo esta investigación representa la posibilidad de establecer un análisis detallado de la red social que apoyó la instauración del federalismo en Sonora.
Recommended publications
  • Spain's Arizona Patriots in Its 1779-1783 War

    Spain's Arizona Patriots in Its 1779-1783 War

    W SPAINS A RIZ ONA PA TRIOTS J • in its 1779-1783 WARwith ENGLAND During the AMERICAN Revolutuion ThirdStudy of t he SPANISH B ORDERLA NDS 6y Granvil~ W. andN. C. Hough ~~~i~!~~¸~i ~i~,~'~,~'~~'~-~,:~- ~.'~, ~ ~~.i~ !~ :,~.x~: ~S..~I~. :~ ~-~;'~,-~. ~,,~ ~!.~,~~~-~'~'~ ~'~: . Illl ........ " ..... !'~ ~,~'] ." ' . ,~i' v- ,.:~, : ,r~,~ !,1.. i ~1' • ." ~' ' i;? ~ .~;",:I ..... :"" ii; '~.~;.',',~" ,.', i': • V,' ~ .',(;.,,,I ! © Copyright 1999 ,,'~ ;~: ~.~:! [t~::"~ "~, I i by i~',~"::,~I~,!t'.':'~t Granville W. and N.C. Hough 3438 Bahia blanca West, Aprt B Laguna Hills, CA 92653-2830 k ,/ Published by: SHHAR PRESS Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research P.O. Box 490 Midway City, CA 92655-0490 http://mcmbers.aol.com/shhar SHHARPres~aol.com (714) $94-8161 ~I,'.~: Online newsletter: http://www.somosprimos.com ~" I -'[!, ::' I ~ """ ~';I,I~Y, .4 ~ "~, . "~ ! ;..~. '~/,,~e~:.~.=~ ........ =,, ;,~ ~c,z;YA':~-~A:~.-"':-'~'.-~,,-~ -~- ...... .:~ .:-,. ~. ,. .... ~ .................. PREFACE In 1996, the authors became aware that neither the NSDAR (National Society for the Daughters of the American Revolution) nor the NSSAR (National Society for the Sons of the American Revolution) would accept descendants of Spanish citizens of California who had donated funds to defray expenses ,-4 the 1779-1783 war with England. As the patriots being turned down as suitable ancestors were also soldiers,the obvious question became: "Why base your membership application on a money contribution when the ancestor soldier had put his life at stake?" This led to a study of how the Spanish Army and Navy had worked during the war to defeat the English and thereby support the fledgling English colonies in their War for Independence. After a year of study, the results were presented to the NSSAR; and that organization in March, 1998, began accepting descendants of Spanish soldiers who had served in California.
  • HISTORIC HOMESTEADS and RANCHES in NEW MEXICO: a HISTORIC CONTEXT R

    HISTORIC HOMESTEADS and RANCHES in NEW MEXICO: a HISTORIC CONTEXT R

    HISTORIC HOMESTEADS AND RANCHES IN NEW MEXICO: A HISTORIC CONTEXT r Thomas Merlan Historic Preservation Division, Office of Cultural Affairs, State ofNew Mexico, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501. Professional Services Contract No. 08505 70000021, Department of Cultural Affairs, March, 2008 Prepared for: Historic Homestead Workshop, September 25-26,2010 HISTORIC HOMESTEADS AND RANCHES IN NEW MEXICO: A HISTORIC CONTEXT Thomas Merlan Historic Preservation Division, Office ofCultural Affairs, State ofNew Mexico, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501. Professional Services Contract No. 08505 70000021, Department of Cultural Affairs, March, 2008 Prepared for: Historic Homestead Workshop, September 25 -26, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ..................................................................................................................................................... i HOMESTEAD AND RANCH CHRONOLOGY ... .. ...................................................... ...................... iii 1 GENERAL HISTORY OF RANCHES AND HOMESTEADS IN NEW MEXICO ......................... 1 Sheep Ranching and Trade ..................................................................... ................... ... ... ......................... 1 Human Behavior-Sheep Ranching ........................................................................................................ 6 Clemente Gutierrez ....................................... ........................................................................................ 6 Mariano Chaves y Castillo ..............
  • Valles Caldera National Preserve Land Use History

    Valles Caldera National Preserve Land Use History

    More Than a Scenic Mountain Landscape: Valles Caldera National Preserve United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Land Use History Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-196 September 2007 Kurt F. Anschuetz Thomas Merlan Anschuetz, Kurt F.; Merlan, Thomas. 2007. More than a scenic mountain landscape: Valles Caldera National Preserve land use history. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-196. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 277 p. Abstract This study focuses on the cultural-historical environment of the 88,900-acre (35,560-ha) Valles Caldera National Preserve (VCNP) over the past four centuries of Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. governance. It includes a review and synthesis of available published and unpublished historical, ethnohistorical, and ethnographic literature about the human occupation of the area now contained within the VCNP. Documents include historical maps, texts, letters, diaries, business records, photographs, land and mineral patents, and court testimony. This study presents a cultural-historical framework of VCNP land use that will be useful to land managers and researchers in assessing the historical ecology of the property. It provides VCNP administrators and agents the cultural-historical background needed to develop management plans that acknowledge traditional associations with the Preserve, and offers managers additional background for structuring and acting on consultations with affiliated communities. The Authors Kurt F. Anschuetz, an archaeologist and anthropologist, is the Program Director of the RÍo Grande Foundation for Communities and Cultural Landscapes in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He provides educational opportunities and technical assistance to Indian, Hispanic, and Anglo communities working to sustain their traditional relations with the land, the water, and their cultural heritage resources in the face of rapid development.
  • Aspectstraditional Stories That Describe the Ancestors Of

    Aspectstraditional Stories That Describe the Ancestors Of

    DOCUMENT 'qESUME ED 230 347 RC 014 073 AUTHOR Benally, Clyde; And Others TITLE A Utah Navajo History = Dineji Nakee' Naahane' INSTITUTION San Juan School District, Monticello, UT: SPONS AGENCY Utah State Board ui Education, Salt Lake City.; Weber State Coll., Oglen, Utah. PUB DATE 82 ,NOTE 193p. PUB TYPE Historical Materials (060) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Portage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *American Inuian Culture; American Indian Education; .. *American Indian History; Americaa Indian Literature; American Indian Rc-servations; American Indians; *Cultural Exchangc; Folk Culture;, Illustrations; *Land Settlement; Leaders; Life Style; Maps; *Racial Relations; *Social History;ATreaties; Tribes IDENTIFIERS Apache (Tribe); *Mahajo (Nation); New Mexico; Pueblo \ (People); Songs; Spaniards; Utah ABSTIIACT This book presents Navajo history in two aspectstraditional stories that describe the ancestors of the Navajo and explain how the`'Earth-Surface World was chMlged from monster-filled chaos into the well-ordered world of today, and histor:Ical events fiom 15254o.today after the Navajos had settled in the Southwest. Events described incluSe settlement.in the Four Corners region, first encounter and war With the Spaniards, the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, 4 years of peace among tribes and the Spaniards, cultural exchange with the Pueblo and Spaniards, effects of the Mexican Revblution, and slave trade. Events occurring with western settlement were intrusioa of the United States.Army into New Mexico; confusion and conflict with the new: novernment and Indian effairs of New Mexico; death of Narbona, a Navajo leader of peace; signing of the Washington treaty; leadership under Manuelito, a Navajo leader; Kit Carson's campaign to imprison,Navajos and Apaches; the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo, which served as a reservation; life at Ft.
  • The Governors of New Mexico

    The Governors of New Mexico

    New Mexico Historical Review Volume 10 Number 2 Article 10 4-1-1935 The Governors of New Mexico Lansing B. Bloom Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Bloom, Lansing B.. "The Governors of New Mexico." New Mexico Historical Review 10, 2 (). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol10/iss2/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. THE GOVERNORS OF NEW MEXICO By LANSING B. BLOOM EW MEXICO can show a longer line ·of governors than N any other State in the Union. Beginning in 1598 and continuing over a span of 337 years to date, New Mexico' has been successively a province of Spain; a province, territory, and department under Mexico; and a territory and state of the United States. In view of the fact that the records at Santa Fe. were destroyed in the Indian Rebellion of 1680, it is not surpris­ ing that our knowledge of these governors has long re­ mained incomplete. The list as compiled by Bancroft' had serious gaps and mistakes, yet his work was basic and it is still quoted as authoritative. Some of his errors may be found in the works of H~ E. Bolton:R. E. Twitchell," B. M. Read: and C. F. Coan,' and in the writings of other authors who have depended on the works just mentioned.· As one result of study begun in 1910 in the archiv~l records in Santa Fe, Washington, and at other depositories in this country, a number of corrections as to various governors were established; and in recent years archives which have been secured in Spain and in Mexico have yielded amass of 1.
  • Spain's Patriots of Northwestern New Spain in Its South of the Border 1779-1783 War With

    Spain's Patriots of Northwestern New Spain in Its South of the Border 1779-1783 War With

    Spain's Patriots of Northwestern NeW Spain from South oftt~e U.S. Border in its 1779-1783 War w~th England During the AMERICAN Revolution PART8 SPANISH BORDERLAND STUDIES By Granvil~ W. ~andN. C. Hough -- i . ..... • ~'~. -....~.~.-.~:~..~ ~'~i ~ ..r~.~.~..t"~, ~'~":~,~'. • ~.- • . .- . -- • . ~ ~...~-..~,~.~.:-~,~. ,. m (, f SPAIN'S PAT'I~IOTS OF NORTHWESTERN NEW SPAIN - FROM SOUTH OF THE U. S. BORDER - 1N ITS 1779-1783 WAR WITH ENGI~AND - DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION PART 8 OF SPANISH BORDERLANDS STUDIES by Granville W. and N. C. Hough i -.zf,...,.$~7..,~ ~.;v~'~"~7~:: ,;'I~', .~'-=~,,/"~~;" ~:'~',~ !L~:r.~.'.~,,,~ .:;:, :,*:, .~,:;.~,"o,M=','~'.: ;;,.e- .'.,;*P':~'.'~-~ ~ ,:.';~ ;~_~.~, ".:~L'~'.~.',:~.~ ~-"x ~,~-:,-~'~.~.~x~7-*,'~ ~! ,~-'~-~,A~,~"~,~=e'~:~,;.~x~,.,~.~-.~:r~ ".?-~'~ v~.%'~!'~'~'~~.~'~ " \1 Copyright ~. 2001 by Granville W. and N.C. Hough 3-*38 Bahia Blanca West. Apt B Laguna Hills. CA 92653-2830 4 ?,..: Emad: [email protected] i,~). Other books in this series include: 1 S ain's California Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with En land - Durin the American .ii'!? Revolution, Part 1, 1998. ?t~. Spain's C~ifornia Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with En land - Durin the American Revolution.., Part 2, 1999. ! Spain's Arizona Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with En land - Durin the American ,t Revolution, Third Study of the Spanish Borderlands, 1999. ~.~ Spain's New Mexico Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with Eng,'.end- During the American !t Revolution, Part Four of Spanish Borderlands Studies, 1999. li [I Spain's Texas Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with England - During the American • i~ Revolution, Part Five of Spanish Borderlands Studies, 2000. L:l!i Spain's Louisiana Patriots in its.j1779-1783 War with England - During the American Revolution, Part Six of Spanish Borderlands Studies, 2000.
  • Bent, St. Vrain & Co., 1830-1849 a Dissertation Submitt

    Bent, St. Vrain & Co., 1830-1849 a Dissertation Submitt

    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE BUSINESS IN THE BORDERLANDS: BENT, ST. VRAIN & CO., 1830-1849 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By DAVID C. BEYREIS Norman, Oklahoma 2012 BUSINESS IN THE BORDERLANDS: BENT, ST. VRAIN & CO., 1830-1849 A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY ______________________________ Dr. Albert L. Hurtado, Chair ______________________________ Dr. Paul A. Gilje ______________________________ Dr. Sterling Evans ______________________________ Dr. Catherine E. Kelly ______________________________ Dr. Sean O‟Neill © Copyright by DAVID C. BEYREIS 2012 All Rights Reserved. To My Dissertation Committee Acknowledgements Without financial support, this dissertation would not exist. Therefore, my first acknowledgements must go to those who helped support my work. Special thanks to the Department of History at the University of Oklahoma for providing me with five years of funding as a teaching assistant, research assistant, and instructor. The Anne Hodges Morgan and H. Wayne Morgan Dissertation Fellowship funded a transcontinental research junket. Finally, Cliff Hudson‟s generosity helped bring me to Norman, aided my research trips, and allowed me to attend national and regional conferences. Archivists and librarians make the work of historians possible, and I have had the good fortune to work with many fine individuals in repositories across the nation. On the East Coast, the staff at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University initiated me into the mysteries of archival work. In California, I wish to acknowledge the efforts of the staffs at the Braun Research Library, the Huntington Library, and the Bancroft Library.
  • Calendar to the Microfilm Edition of the Sender Collection, 1697-1884 J

    Calendar to the Microfilm Edition of the Sender Collection, 1697-1884 J

    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository CSWR Reference Tools Center for Southwest Research 1988 Calendar to the Microfilm Edition of the Sender Collection, 1697-1884 J. Richard Salazar Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cswr_reference Recommended Citation Salazar, J. Richard. "Calendar to the Microfilm Edition of the Sender Collection, 1697-1884." (1988). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cswr_reference/3 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Southwest Research at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in CSWR Reference Tools by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CALENDAR TO THE MICROFILM EDITION OF THE SENDER COLLECTION, 1697-1884 I; • zIM Trampas Mill c. 1900 (NMSRCA, E. Boyd Coli. No. 36154 Coronado micro- film F 796 s46 1988 guide A microfilm edition of the Archives Division, New Mexico State Records Center &. Archives, I 988 j C5tvR,e:'''' A14411 955342 ",""b"i, f 7qC, 5'1~ 1f1J~ CALENDAR TO THE MICROFILM EDITION OF THE SENDER COLLECTION, 1697-1884 r:" • Compiled by J. Richard Salazar s A microfilm edition of the Archives Division, New Mexico State Records Center & Archives, 1988. INTRODUCTION Prior to the settlement of New Mexico by Juan de Onate in 1598, descriptions of the area had been recorded by Spanish explorers who ventured into the region. The expedition led by Francisco Vasques de Coronado into Cibola in 1540 was chronicled by some of his men, and excellent accounts were given of the country. Other adventurous parties followed • Vasques de Coronado into New Mexico between 1541 and the time of colonization in 1598, and left additional written reports of New Mexico.
  • Pueblo Indian Auxiliaries in New Mexico 1763-1821

    Pueblo Indian Auxiliaries in New Mexico 1763-1821

    New Mexico Historical Review Volume 37 Number 2 Article 2 4-1-1962 Pueblo Indian Auxiliaries in New Mexico 1763-1821 Oakah L. Jones Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Jones, Oakah L. Jr.. "Pueblo Indian Auxiliaries in New Mexico 1763-1821." New Mexico Historical Review 37, 2 (1962). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol37/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW VOL. XXXVII APRIL, 1962 NO.2 PUEBLO INDIAN AUXILIARIES IN NEW MEXICO 1763-1821 By Oakah L. Jones, Jr.* PAIN, throughout the colonial period of Latin American S history, experienced difficulties in her relations with nu­ merous, widely-divergent groups of American Indians. The Spanish Crown and the Council of the Indies legislat,ed to protect these aborigines, but distance, local conditions and time often interfered to the detriment of the Indians as the colonists frequently ignored, violated or circumvented the laws emanating from the mother country. The authorities in Spain established the theoretical basis for Indian policy. Protection of the Indians remained the primary aspect of that doctrine, although a period of vacilla­ tion and uncertainty existed until the passage of the New Laws in 1542. Legislation on behalf of the Indians embraced many minute but important policies, such as prohibiting the sale or giving to them of arms 1 and opposition to their travel- • Captain, Department of History, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado.
  • INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo­ Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master

    INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo­ Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master

    Transition of the Sonoran presidios from Spanish to Mexican control, 1790-1835 Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors LaValley, Gary Alfred, 1951- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 29/09/2021 08:12:31 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276852 INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re­ produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.
  • Kiva, Cross, and Crown

    Kiva, Cross, and Crown

    National Park Service: Kiva, Cross, and Crown The photograph of Wahu Toya, identified by Edgar L. Hewett as "Wa-ng" and by Elsie Clews Parsons as "Francisco Kota or Waku," Table of Contents was taken at Jemez pueblo by John K. Hillers. B. M. Thomas Collection, Museum of New Mexico. http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/kcc/index.htm[8/14/2012 8:55:28 AM] National Park Service: Kiva, Cross, and Crown (Table of Contents) Cover Foreword Preface I The Invaders, 1540-1542 II The New Mexico: Preliminaries to Conquest, 1542-1595 III Oñate's Disenchantment, 1595-1617 IV The "Christianization" of Pecos, 1617-1659 V The Shadow of the Inquisition, 1659-1680 VI Their Own Worst Enemies, 1680-1704 VII Pecos and the Friars, 1704-1794 VIII Pecos, the Plains, and the Provincias Internas, 1704-1794 IX Toward Extinction, 1794-1840 Epilogue Appendices I Population II Notable Natives III The Franciscans IV Encomenderos and Alcaldes Mayores V Miera's 1758 Map of New Mexico Abbreviations Notes Bibliography Index (omitted from the online edition) Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kessell, John L. Kiva, cross, and crown. http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/kcc/contents.htm[8/14/2012 8:55:32 AM] National Park Service: Kiva, Cross, and Crown (Table of Contents) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Pecos, N.M.—History. 2. New Mexico—History— To 1948. I. Title. E99.P34K47 978.9'55 77-26691 This book has subsequently been republished by the Western National Parks Association. Cover. Three panels of the cover design symbolize the story of Pecos.
  • Family Records from the Tucson Presidio

    Family Records from the Tucson Presidio

    PIONEER FAMILIES OF THE PRESIDIO SAN AGUSTÍN DEL TUCSON Introduction In 1856 the Mexican army left the Tucson Presidio, taking with them the civil, church, and military archives. At an 1879 hearing, Francisco Solano León was asked what had happened to the records. He reported that they had been taken to Imuris, but didn’t know their whereabouts afterwards (Journals of Private Land Claims n.d.). Some of the records turned up in a closet in Imuris that year and were taken by Alphonse Pinart to California, where they are in the collections of the Bancroft Library in Berkeley. However, most of the Tucson records, including the Catholic baptismal, marriage, and burial records appear to have been lost. Filomeno Santa Cruz reported that some were used as cigarette rolling papers. This project began in 1999, shortly after the discovery of the Leon farmstead adjacent to Interstate 10. While studying that family’s history, connections with other contemporary families became apparent. Tucson was a relatively small community of between 400 and 500 people from the 1770s to the 1850s. By the end of the Presidio years, most of the inhabitants were related to each other. By systematically combing through the surviving records, the lives and stories of several thousand people could be reconstructed. Native American families were not included in this study. There are a smaller number of available records that list the Native American residents of the San Agustin Mission and the Apaches who lived adjacent to the Presidio (see Dobyns 1976: 163-170). The two earliest censuses, for 1752 and 1766, do not list surnames for the residents, and only a few likely matches could be made between the two records.