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Home , Arthur Amos Noyes, Farrington Daniels, Fred Basolo, Gilbert Stork, Henry Eyring (chemist), James Flack Norris

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http://chicagoacs.org MAY • 2018

THE ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH PRESENTATION OF THE WILLARD GIBBS MEDAL (FOUNDED BY WILLIAM A. CONVERSE) TO PROFESSOR CYNTHIA J. BURROWS sponsored by the CHICAGO SECTION of the AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY FRIDAY, MAY 11, 2018

Meridian Banquets • A History of the Willard Gibbs 1701 Algonquin Road Award by Anthony Toussaint, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Chicago Section Chair 847-952-8181 • Introduction of Professor Burrows by Chuan He, ON-SITE PARKING: Free

RECEPTION WITH 6:00 - 7:00 P.M. • Presentation of the Gibbs HORS D’OEUVRES Medal by Peter Dorhout, (with two complimentary drinks) President of the American Chemical Society DINNER 7:00 - 8:30 P.M. GIBBS AWARD 8:45 – 9:45 P.M. ACS AWARD 8:30 - 8:45 P.M. LECTURE BY CEREMONY PROFESSOR BURROWS

Professor Cynthia J. Burrows Dr. Cynthia Burrows, Distinguished Pro- IN THIS ISSUE fessor, Thatcher Presidential Endowed 2 Dr. Cynthia Burrows 5 Report of the Council Chair of Biological , Department of Chemistry, Biography 5 Rubber Stamp 3 2 Micron Analytical Services 5 Did you Know “Beyond Watson & Crick: Roles for 3 6 Calendar Alternative Bases and Folds in the Ge- nome” 4 ChemShorts 6 Mass-Vac Products 4 Letter from the Chair (continued on page 2) 5/18 2

The Citation – For groundbreaking ABSTRACT BIOGRAPHY in the chemistry of DNA damage, particularly chemical modifications relat- Less than 2% of the human genome Dr. Cynthia J. Burrows is the Thatcher ed to oxidative stress occurring on gua- codes for the amino acid sequence of Distinguished Professor of Chemistry nine, one of the bases of DNA and RNA. proteins. Why is all the rest of the DNA at the University of Utah and presently there? Some of it participates in orches- Chair of the Department of Chemistry. • Identified hyperoxidized structures trating replication, some in the protec- She was raised in St. Paul, in DNA and elucidated their effects on tion of the ends (telomeres), and some and Boulder, Colorado. Her early train- DNA structure and . sequences upstream of a gene (promot- ing was in physical organic chemistry ers) control whether or not a gene is ex- with Prof. Stan Cristol at the University • Investigated the chemical structures pressed as protein. All of these functions of Colorado (B. A. 1975) and Prof. Barry and mechanisms by which DNA and of DNA include guanine-rich sequences Carpenter at (Ph.D., RNA bases, notably guanine, undergo capable of folding into G-quadruplexes, 1982), followed by a NSF-CNRS post- transformations under conditions of oxi- four-stranded folds of DNA that differ dra- doctoral fellowship in the laboratory of dative stress. matically from the classical base-pairing Prof. Jean-Marie Lehn, Université Louis scheme of the Watson-Crick double helix. Pasteur, Strasbourg (1981-83). From • Synthesized and characterized site- Furthermore, the G-rich sequences are 1983-1995, she was on the faculty at the specifically modified DNA and RNA sensitive to oxidative stress, converting to Stony Brook University, before returning strands, allowing the study of proteins modified structures including 8-oxo-7,8- west to take a position at the University that interact with modified bases such dihydroguanine (OG) and hyperoxidized of Utah in in 1995. as those involved in replication, tran- lesions (Sp). Both the overall reactivity of The Burrows research group investi- scription and repair. a G residue in DNA or RNA and the final gates the chemistry and biochemistry oxidized G product formed are highly de- of modified bases in DNA and RNA with • Identified hyperoxidized hydantoin le- pendent on sequence, solvent exposure a focus on oxidative stress, an underly- sions in DNA that are highly mutagenic and mechanism. For example, oxidation ing component of age-related diseases and appear to play significant roles in of G in G-quadruplex folds leads to very such as cancer. The approach is multi- signaling for DNA repair. different outcomes compared to those in disciplinary involving the organic chem- Watson-Crick B-helical duplexes. The istry of base modification in DNA, the location of G damage in turn has a pro- enzymology of polymerase bypass and found effect on the stability of duplex vs. DNA repair, biophysical studies of the quadruplex structures. We propose that effects of base modification, single-mol- MENU G-rich sequences respond to oxidative ecule studies of DNA and RNA in nano- stress by selecting a secondary struc- pores, whole-genome sequencing and Soup: Cream of Tomato Basil Bisque ture that can best accommodate the cellular studies of synthetically modified with Bleu Cheese damaged base, and that ‘shape-shifting’ oligomers. may be used as a signaling mechanism Prof. Burrows served as Senior Editor Meridian Salad to affect transcription and repair. The of the Journal of Organic Chemistry for Choice of Entree: implications are that nucleotide identity many years and since January 2014 is - BEEF : Roast Top Sirloin with Rose- beyond the exome may be important in Editor-in-Chief of Accounts of Chemi- mary Merlot Sauce gene expression and disease, and that cal Research. She is a past recipient - SALMON : Fresh Broiled Norwegian the definition of epigenetic modifications of the Robert Parry Teaching Award and Salmon with Dill Sauce should be expanded to include guanine the University Distinguished Teaching - VEGETARIAN: Portabello Mushroom oxidation. Award; her research was recognized with with Zucchini the ACS Utah Award, ACS Cope Scholar Award, and the University of Utah’s Dis- Dessert: Hot Fudge Brownie a la mode tinguished Creative and Scholarly Re- The of the Chicago search Award; she is also the 2018 re- Tickets: $50 for members, $52 for non- Section of the ACS is to advance cipient of the Award members the chemical and their in Physical Organic Chemistry. She was practitioners for the benefit of inducted into the American Academy of RESERVATIONS: Earth and its people Arts and Sciences in 2009 and elected to the National Academy of Sciences in Dinner Registration Deadline: 12:00 2014. noon on Monday, May 7 Lecture-only Registration Deadline: 12:00 noon Wednesday, May 9

Dinner reservations are required and should be received in the Section Of- fice via phone (847-391-9091), email ([email protected]) or web- site (http://chicagoacs.org/meet- inginfo.php?id=130&ts=1521136587). PLEASE HONOR YOUR RESERVA- TIONS. The Section must pay for all dinner orders. No-shows will be billed. 5/18 3 WILLARD GIBBS AWARD 1918 William M. Burton 1919 William A. Noyes May, 2018 Vol. 105, No. 5. Published by the Chicago Section of The The Willard Gibbs Award, has been 1920 F. G. Cottrell American Chemical Society, Editorial presented by the Chicago Section of 1921 Mme. Staff: Paul Brandt, Editor; Ken the American Chemical Society since 1922 no award Fivizzani, Proofreader. Address: 1910. It was founded by William A. Con- 1923 1400 Renaissance Dr., Suite 312, verse (1862-1940), a former Chairman 1924 Gilbert N. Lewis Park Ridge, Illinois 60068; 847/391- and Secretary of the Chicago Section 1925 9091. Subscription rates: $15 per and named for Professor Josiah Willard 1926 Sir James Colquhoun Irvine year. Frequency: monthly-September Gibbs (1839-1903) of . 1927 John Jacob Abel through June. Gibbs, whose work with Maxwell and 1928 William Draper Harkins Boltzmann developed the field of Statis- 1929 Claude Silbert Hudson tical Mechanics and is known to millions 1930 of undergraduates for Gibbs Free En- 1931 Phoebus A. Levene 1986 Jack Halpern ergy (developed in 1933), as he solved 1932 Edward Curtis Franklin 1987 Allen J. Bard the question of the maximum amount 1933 Richard Willstätter 1988 Rudolph A. Marcus of work that can be done by a system 1934 Harold Clayton Urey 1989 Richard B. Bernstein on the universe during a change in state 1935 Charles August Kraus 1990 Richard N. Zare of the system (ΔGsys=-TΔSunv) and ul- 1936 1991 Günther Wilke timately the more familiar ΔG=ΔH-TΔS. 1937 Herbert Newby McCoy 1992 Harry B. Gray The purpose of the award is “To pub- 1938 Robert R. Williams 1993 Peter B. Dervan licly recognize eminent who, 1939 Donald Dexter Van Slyke 1994 M. Frederick Hawthorne through years of application and devo- 1940 Vladimir Ipatieff 1995 Sir John Meurig Thomas tion, have brought to the world devel- 1941 Edward A. Doisy 1996 opments that enable everyone to live 1942 Thomas Midgley, Jr. 1997 more comfortably and to understand this 1943 Conrad A. Elvehjem 1998 Mario J. Molina world better.” Gibbs was chosen to be 1944 George O. Curme, Jr. 1999 Lawrence F. Dahl the model for the award as an outstand- 1945 Frank C. Whitmore 2000 Nicholas Turro ing example of creativity in scientific in- 1946 2001 Tobin J. Marks vestigation. Medalists are selected by a 1947 Wendell M. Stanley 2002 Ralph Hirschmann national jury of twelve eminent chemists 1948 Carl F. Cori 2003 John I. Brauman from different disciplines elected by the 1949 Peter J. W. Debye 2004 Chicago Section ACS Board. The nomi- 1950 Carl S. Marvel 2005 David A. Evans nee must be a who, because 1951 William Francis Giauque 2006 Jacqueline K. Barton of the preeminence of their work in and 1952 William C. Rose 2007 Sylvia T. Ceyer contribution to pure or applied chemistry, 1953 Joel H. Hildebrand 2008 Carolyn R. Bertozzi is deemed worthy of special recognition. 1954 Elmer K. Bolton 2009 Louis Brus Mr. Converse supported the award per- 1955 2010 Maurice Brookhart sonally for a number of years, and then 1956 2011 Robert G. Bergman established a fund for it in 1934 that had 1957 W. Albert Noyes, Jr. 2012 Mark A. Ratner subsequently been supported by the 1958 Willard F. Libby 2013 Charles M. Lieber Dearborn Division of W.R. Grace & Co. 1959 Hermann I. Schlesinger 2014 John E. Bercaw Considerable contributions to the award 1960 George B. Kistiakowsky 2015 John F. Hartwig have also been made by J. Fred Wilkes 1961 2016 Laura Kiessling and his wife. The award consists of an 1962 2017 eighteen-carat gold medal having, on 1963 Paul D. Bartlett one side, the bust of J. Willard Gibbs, 1964 Izaak M. Kolthoff for whom the medal was named. On the 1965 Robert S. Mulliken reverse is a laurel wreath and an inscrip- 1966 Glenn T. Seaborg 1967 Woodward tion containing the recipient’s name. FOLLOW US ON Most of the awardees that you see be- 1968 low are familiar to chemists regardless of 1969 FACEBOOK, TWITTER AND specialty. This fame may result from later 1970 Frank H. Westheimer YOUTUBE! recognition, including, in many cases, 1971 the , or the reason may be 1972 John T. Edsall that textbooks have permanently associ- 1973 Paul John Flory www.facebook.com/ ated many of these names with classic 1974 ChicagoACS reactions or theories. 1975 Herman F. Mark 1976 Kenneth S. Pitzer PAUL BRANDT 1977 twitter.com/ 1978 W. O. Baker 1911 1979 E. Bright Wilson ChicagoACS 1912 Theodore William Richards 1980 Frank Albert Cotton 1913 Leo H. Baekeland 1981 Bert Lester Vallee 1914 1982 https://www.you 1915 1983 John D. Roberts tube.com/user/ 1916 Willis R. Whitney 1984 Elias J. Corey 1917 Edward W. Morley 1985 Donald J. Cram AmerChemSoc 5/18 4 LETTER FROM THE CHAIR As we move into spring, yes the weath- er seems to be finally breaking; many of the committees are gearing up for their Cartesian Diver summer and fall activities. Our High School Education Committee has been Materials: busy administering the local Chemistry Plastic drinking bottle (1 or 2 L) with lid Olympiad exam and will be administer- Water ing the ACS Scholarship exam in May. Ketchup or soy sauce packet or pen cap with modelling (or Sculpey) clay Our State Fair Committee is gearing up their efforts for the 2018 Illinois State Experiment: Fair, scheduled from August 10 through Fill with water nearly to the August 19. We join with eight other sec- top of the bottle. Add the tions in the state where we hold out- ketchup packet (or if using reach activities including dem- the pen cap, add about a pea onstrations in a tent. Volunteers are size piece of clay to the arm always needed; please visit the website of the cap and put it in clay- for more information. Our community side down – there should not activity committee continues to hold be so much clay on it that the outreach activities and are gearing up cap sinks in water – might for National Chemistry Week which will want to see if it floats first in a be celebrated October 21-27, 2018. This glass of water – you want it to year’s theme is “Chemistry is Out of This barely float). Put the cap on World.” Continue to visit our website for the bottle tightly and squeeze upcoming activities and events as well the bottle. You should see the as volunteer opportunities. packet (or cap) sink to the bot- Finally, we’d like to hear from you how tom. As you release the bottle our Board can better serve our section. the packet or cap should rise You will receive a survey in the com- again. You can repeat this ing weeks. We’d like your feedback on over and over. topics such as meeting locations, days, subjects, committees and their activities. What’s happening? Please look out for the survey; we’re al- René Descartes (1596 – 1650) is thought to have invented this toy. Descartes is ways looking for new ideas and sugges- considered the father of Cartesian or analytic geometry used in the discovery of cal- tions. culus and his name is the basis of the Cartesian coordinate system. Regards The object floats on water because there is trapped air inside the packet Anthony Toussaint, Ph.D or pen cap making the entire unit Chair less dense than water. However, as ACS Chicago Section you squeeze the bottle you are com- pressing that air causing it to take up less space. If an object has a mass and takes up a certain amount of space and then you make it take up less space, you will increase its density. In this case you change its density so much that it becomes “heavier” than the water and it sinks. Advertise with us When you stop squeezing the bottle, and be in good the air in the object expands again and the object becomes less dense company and again floats to the top. For information on References: advertising, call https://sciencebob.com/make-a- cartesian-diver/ 847-391-9091 https://www.education.com/activ- ity/article/soy-sauce-science/ or email

To view all past “ChemShorts for Kids”, go to: chicagoacs@ http://chicagoacs.org/ChemShorts ameritech.net Paul Brandt

5/18 5 REPORT OF COUNCIL Petitions: The Council voted to approve the “petition on the Composition of Soci- DID YOU KNOW? MEETING HELD IN THE ety Committees.” SPRING OF 2018 The Council voted against the “petition for The Chemical Bulletin, while officially Election of Committee Chairs.” published by the Chicago Section The 255th National Meeting of the ACS ACS for Chicago-area chemists, was was held in New Orleans, LA, from March Divisions: An allocation to divisions rec- a joint publication with the Ames, 18 – 22, 2018. The theme of this meet- ognizing programming at regional and Illinois, Iowa, Louisville, Milwaukee, ing was “Nexus of Food, & Water.” international meetings was recommitted. Minnesota, Montana, Northeast The Chicago section was represented Wisconsin, Nebraska, Purdue, Sioux at Council by our complete contingent Education: On 3/16/2018 membership Valley, Peoria, St. Joseph Valley, of councilors: Charles Cannon (Lo- in American Association of Chemistry Kalamazoo, Quincy-Keokuk, St. Louis cal Section Activities), David Crumrine Teachers (AACT) reached 5000. and Wisconsin Sections from the (Constitution and Bylaws), Ken Fivizzani time it was founded until the 1970s. It (Community Activities), Russell Johnson If you have any questions and/or com- reported news submitted from these (Chemistry and Public Affairs), Michael ments about the above actions, please sections as well as of the Chicago Kohler (Chemical Safety), Fran Kravitz contact me or one of your other council- section. (Ethics), Margy Levenberg ( Meetings ors. You may contact me by email at bar- and Expositions), Milt Levenberg (Senior [email protected]. Chemists), Inessa Miller and Barbara Moriarty (Chemistry and Public Affairs). BARBARA MORIARTY The national activities of each are given, as I know them. In addition, Marsha Anne Philips, who was a councilor from Chicago, was recognized as a deceased councilor. WHEN YOU CHANGE YOUR TRY Finances: The Committee on Budget EMAIL ADDRESS and Finance reported that the Society Please let the section office know ended 2017 with $553.1 million in total what your new email address is so COLOR revenue, which was $26.4 million more that you will not miss any notes con- than in 2016. The total expenses ended cerning issues of The Chemcial the year at 524.5.0 million, which was Bulletin or other section information. IN YOUR AD $21.6 million higher than the previous Contact the office at 847-391-9091 or year. The unrestricted net assets for the at [email protected]. society increased enough so that the ACS is in compliance with all five of the Board-established financial guidelines.

Governance: The Council elected Luis A. Echegoyen and Thomas R. Gilbert to RUBBER STAMPS-3 be candidates for President- Elect of the The third stamp in this series is a piece try- society. The election, along with any peti- ing to engage the reader in art. Apparently the tion candidates, will be held in the fall of National Meetings used to have art exhibits 2018. that showcased the many talents of their ACS colleagues. The Art and Photo Shows were Meetings and Expositions: As of two different exhibits put out while the Exposi- March 19, 2018, the 255th ACS national tion was going on and the judging awarded meeting had attracted 16,585 registrants, prizes in Classical and Modern fields in the including 8470 regular attendees and Art Show and numerous prizes were given in 6432 student attendees. In addition, it the Photo show. There was even a 17-minute was reported that there were 13,213 sci- color film of crystal growth as seen through entific contributions at this meeting. a polarizing microscope! The rubber stamps were provided by James A. Wuellner of Membership Affairs: At the end of 2017, Standard Oil Co. He was the artist and membership was 150,900, which is less Assistant Editor of the Chemical Bulletin in than on the same date in 2016. The loss January of 1955. This third sketch was pub- of regular members has declined for 11 lished in September 1958. All of the sketch’s in continuous years. However, other mem- this series can be seen in their original format bership categories have remained the by using the Library same. After a vigorous debate, the cost Online http://books.northwestern.edu/ of membership was increased at the fully viewer.html?id=inu:inu-mntb-0005391474- escalated rate to $175 for 2019. bk and there are 16,937 images starting with the 1919 Chemical Bulletin. The third stamp Committee on Economic and Profes- comes from the image #16,100 and was ad- sional Affairs: The career fair at the vertising for the 134th National Meeting held meeting had 422 job seekers, 15 employ- in Chicago. ers and 26 jobs posted. The US member- ship unemployment was 2.9%. Paul Brandt 5/18 6

May 11: Chicago ACS Willard Gibbs Award Banquet. Dr. Cynthia J. Burrows, University of Utah, is the recipient of the 2018 Willard Gibbs Medal at Meridian Banquets in Rolling Meadows.

May 12: STEAM Conference, North- eastern Illinois University. https://www. steamconf.org/

May 19: Chicago Section Scholarship Exam at North Central College

June 18-20: 22nd Annual Green Chem- istry & Engineering Conference “Product Innovation Using Greener Chemistries” hosted by the ACS Green Chemistry Institute, in Portland, OR. http://www. gcande.org/ . June 18: You Be The Chemist National Challenge

August 9-19: The Illinois State Fair in Springfield. Come volunteer at the ACS booth. https://www2.illinois.gov/state- fair/Pages/default.aspx

August 19-23: 256th American Chemi- cal Society National Meeting and Expo- sition “Nanoscience, Nanotechnology & Beyond”, , MA. https://www. acs.org/content/acs/en/meetings/na- tional-meeting.html?sc=home_meet- ings_180116_mtg_BO18_od

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