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Comunidad Venezuela. Una Agenda De Investigación Y Acción Local

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Comunidad Venezuela. Una Agenda De Investigación Y Acción Local COMUNIDAD VENEZUELA. UNA AGENDA DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ACCIÓN LOCAL Editores: Alejandro Fajardo y Alejandra Vargas 2 Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local CENTRO DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE PARA AMÉRICA LATINA COMUNIDAD VENEZUELA. UNA AGENDA DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ACCIÓN LOCAL Marzo 2021. Centro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible para América Latina y el Caribe (CODS) International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Las posturas expresadas en este documento no comprometen la postura del CODS y del IDRC. Este informe fue escrito por el equipo técnico del CODS. Por favor citar el informe como: Fajardo, A. & Vargas, A. (Eds.). (2021). Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local. CODS-IDRC. Diseño y diagramación por COMUNICACIÓN CODS. Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local 01 Contenido Agradecimientos ...................................................................................02 Introducción - Aportes para la generación de evidencia con un componente de acción en Venezuela ....................................................... 04 Alejandro Fajardo y Alejandra Vargas PRIMERA PARTE: EL PANORAMA ACTUAL DE VENEZUELA 1. Democracia, gobernanza y sociedad civil en Venezuela ...........................10 Roberto Briceño-León 2. La Venezuela del día después (y la del día antes) .................................... 44 Miguel Ángel Santos 3. Opciones para el impulso de una economía de impacto en Venezuela. ......66 Guayana Páez-Acosta, Carlos Delgado Flores, Loraine Giraud Herrera, Edwin Ojeda González y Félix Ríos Álvarez 4. Perspectivas de la salud en Venezuela. Insumos para el debate de una agenda de investigación ............................................................ 108 José Manuel Olivares 5. Seguridad ciudadana en Venezuela.Insumos para el debate de una agenda de investigación ................................................................. 128 Roberto Patiño SEGUNDA PARTE: LA MIGRACIÓN Y SUS EFECTOS A NIVEL REGIONAL 6. El contexto de la migración venezolana en Colombia: un análisis de la respuesta institucional en perspectiva regional ............................ 171 Carolina Moreno y Gracy Pelacani 7. Desafíos y oportunidades de la migración venezolana en Colombia .........218 Dany Bahar 8. Análisis de la situación de los migrantes venezolanos. Migración venezolana y salud pública. .................................................. 236 Julián Fernández-Niño y Maylen Rojas Botero 9. Migración y seguridad ciudadana en los principales países receptores ... 261 Juan Sebastián Franco y Michael Weintraub 10. Reflexiones finales ........................................................................... 275 Biografía Autores ............................................................................. 278 02 Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local CENTRO DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE PARA AMÉRICA LATINA Agradecimientos Este proyecto fue posible gracias a los aportes de los autores de este volumen, así como los esfuerzos de los integrantes del Centro de los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible para América Latina (CODS) de la Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, y el International Development Research Center (IDRC): Felipe Castro, Director del CODS, Juanita Pérez y Pamela Sanabria, analistas, y Alejandro Fajardo, coordinador del proyecto; Fernando Perini, Director Regional Interino para América Latina y el Caribe, IDRC; los especialistas de programa de IDRC Nicholas Benequista, Carolina Robino, Roberto Bazzani, y Alejandra Vargas García, así como Colleen Duggan, Líder del programa de Gobernanza y Justicia, y Lucy Gray Donald, Asesora del Programa Regional e Investigación. La serie de diálogos virtuales contó con un grupo de comentaristas destacados y comprometidos con el estudio de los diversos temas de este libro. Este grupo es muestra de que hay interés y capacidades de alto nivel para desarrollar una agenda de investigación y acción alrededor de los temas más urgentes en Venezuela y el fenómeno migratorio. Agradecemos su participación activa en estos diálogos y la riqueza de sus aportes. Realidades sobre el sistema de salud en Venezuela: Hacia una agenda de investigación y acción. Gustavo Villasmil - Médico internista, profesor de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Exsecretario de Salud del Estado de Mérida. Francisco Becerra - Ex subdirector de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Retos y prioridades de seguridad ciudadana en Venezuela Verónica Zubillaga - Doctora en Sociología de la Universidad Católica de Lovaina y profesora asociada de la Universidad Simón Bolívar en Caracas. Daniel Ortega - Doctor en Economía de la Universidad de Maryland. Actualmente es Director de Evaluación de Impacto en CAF -banco de desarrollo de América Latina- y profesor en el IESA en Caracas. Retos y oportunidades macroeconómicos en Venezuela Sary Levy - Doctora en Estudios del Desarrollo (CENDES-Universidad Central de Venezuela). Profesora Titular de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales en la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Hernando Zuleta - Doctor en Economía de la Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Profesor titular de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad de los Andes, Colombia. Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local Agradecimientos 03 Reflexiones sobre institucionalidad y justicia en Venezuela Laura Louza - Abogada de la Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (Caracas), tiene una especialización en derecho administrativo en la Universidad de París II y un master en derecho, economía y políticas públicas en el Instituto Ortega y Gasset de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Es la fundadora y directora de la ONG Acceso a la Justicia, y es profesora de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Carlos Mascareño - Doctor en Estudios del Desarrollo. Es profesor titular de la Universidad Central de Venezuela e Investigador del Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, CENDES. Margarita López Maya - Licenciada en historia y doctora en Ciencias Sociales por la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Es profesora titular (jubilada) del Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo (CENDES) de la UCV. La migración venezolana: Oportunidades y retos desde varias aristas Eduardo Trujillo - Director del Centro de Derechos Humanos de la Universidad Católica Andrés Bello. Ligia Bolívar - Becaria del Sur Global en Dejusticia. Cécile Blouin - Investigadora sénior del Instituto de Democracia y Derechos Humanos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Jerónimo Castillo - Fundación Ideas para la Paz. Luisa Féline Freier- Universidad del Pacífico, Perú. Ana María Tribín -Banco de la República. Opciones para el impulso de una economía de impacto en Venezuela Aramis Rodríguez -Doctor en Ciencias Empresariales, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid. Profesor del IESA. Lisbeth Sánchez - Economista (UCAB), magister en innovación y emprendimiento (Universidad de Barcelona). Fue coordinadora académica de la Escuela de Economía y directora/fundadora del Centro de Innovación y Emprendimiento de la UCAB. Trabaja en CORFO (Chile). Charo Méndez Rivas- Socióloga. Especialista en Responsabilidad Social. Juan Carlos Sánchez- Ingeniero Industrial. Doctor en Ciencias Ambientales del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Aplicadas de Toulouse, Francia. Profesor titular de postgrado en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Central de Venezuela y en el postgrado de Ambiente y Desarrollo y del Diplomado “Desarrollo Sostenible, Reto para Emprendedores y Empresarios” de la Universidad Simón Bolívar. 04 Comunidad Venezuela. Una agenda de investigación y acción local CENTRO DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE PARA AMÉRICA LATINA Introducción - Aportes para la generación de evidencia con un componente de acción en Venezuela Alejandro Fajardo y Alejandra Vargas García El proyecto Venezuela enfrenta una crisis económica, social y política sin precedentes. Los venezolanos viven en un contexto difícil de hiperinflación, con una débil producción petrolera, una crisis humanitaria en ascenso y el éxodo más grande en la historia de la región latinoamericana, solo comparable recientemente con la migración asociada al conflicto sirio. Este contexto de vulnerabilidad se ha exacerbado en el marco de la pandemia por el COVID-19. Los espacios de generación de evidencia se han ido cerrando en Venezuela, lo que ha resultado en lagunas de datos confiables y actuales que sirvan como insumo para proponer soluciones frente a estos retos. Dado su mandato de apoyo a la investigación con componente de acción, el Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo (IDRC) inició un proyecto exploratorio de investigación para entender el estado de la evidencia en algunos temas prioritarios en el país: salud, desarrollo económico y emprendimiento, gobernanza, seguridad y diferentes aspectos del proceso migratorio. Como un segundo objetivo, el IDRC buscaba fomentar el desarrollo de una comunidad de investigadores expertos en estos temas tan prioritarios en Venezuela. En enero de 2020, el IDRC estableció un acuerdo de colaboración con el Centro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible para América Latina y el Caribe (CODS) de la Universidad de los Andes para realizar una serie de diálogos virtuales con expertos de comunidades académicas, organizaciones multilaterales, gobierno y sociedad civil de Venezuela, Colombia y otros países de la región. Los diálogos, organizados por Alejandra Vargas García del IDRC y Alejandro
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