DOCSLIB.ORG

Where Did the Sessions of the Vilnius Sejmik Take Place in 1717–1795?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Retrieved from https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/pnh [10.08.2021] REVIEW OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES 2017, VOL. XVI, NO. 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857X.16.03.11 ROBERTAS JURGAITIS LITHUANIAN UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES* Where did the sessions of the Vilnius sejmik take place in 1717–1795? eneral assemblies of the nobility, sejmiks in particular, were Gimportant events in the life of the city. Having arrived at the sejmik session, the nobility not only adopted new resolutions or elected local functionaries and representatives of various state institutions, but also, in their free time, came into contact with peo- ple of different social strata. The cities were coming alive, just as during the fairs. And on the political “market”, the arriving noble- men enjoyed themselves and had a fun time. In the mid-18th centu- ry, an anonymous author associated with Potocki aptly described the social context of sejmiks, though slightly exaggerating: “Sejmiks were held all over the city. Each church, each street, each house and finally, each inn, basementPNH or pit made for a decent setting…”1. It should be noted that the well-known law on cities of April 18, 17912, also mentions that, to a greater or lesser extent, sejmiks contributed to the strengthening of cities and county centers in the province. Such a tendency can be observed in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (further on: GDL) after the administrative reform in 1791 as splitting counties into smaller units increased the num- ber of towns in which sejmiks were held. * The Faculty of Education in Humanities, The Department of Lithuanian History / Wydział Humanistyczny, Katedra Historii Litwy, e-mail: robertas.jurga [email protected]. 1 A discussion on sejmiks, The Central Archives of Historical Records in War- saw [further on: AGAD], The Public Archives of Potocki’s Family No. 252, p. 34. 2 Volumina legum [further on: VL], vol. IX, Kraków 1889, pp. 215–216. Retrieved from https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/pnh [10.08.2021] 242 ROBERTAS JURGAITIS Although the discussions on the locations of sejmik sittings in the counties of GDL already appear in the literature3, detailed studies on particular sejmiks reveal additional facts. In the his- toriography of recent years, the attention is drawn to the location of the Vilnius sejmik sessions in GDL4. In the article, I would like to look into this subject matter in relation to the years 1717–1795. It should not be forgotten that until 1777, the sejmiks-in-exile of the Smolensk voivodship were held in Vilnius. In loco solito While in the second half of the 16th century and in the 17th century, due to various disturbances, the Vilnius sejmik was sometimes taking place neither in Vilnius itself nor in the Vilnius county5, in the 18th century the assembly of nobility was consistently held in the capital of GDL6. A permanent location of sejmiks, most com- monly corresponding to the county and voivodships centers, was established in the laws treating on the activity of sejmiks in GDL at the end of 18th century7. It is rather complicated to determine 3 A.B. Zakrzewski, Sejmiki Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego XVI–XVIII w. Ustrój i funkcjonowanie: sejmik trocki, Warszawa 2000, pp. 29–34; A. R a c h u b a, Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie w systemie parlamentarnym Rzeczypospolitej w latach 1569–1763, Warszawa 2002, pp. 81–90, p. 200; i d e m, Miejsca obrad sejmików Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w latach 1569–1794, [in:] Parlamenckije struktu- ry ulady u sistemie dzerzavnaga kiravanie Velikaga Kniastva Litouskaga, Minsk 2008, pp. 183–197. 4 A. Ragauskas, ViešasisPNH gyvenimas Vilniaus Žemutinės pilies teritorijoje XVI–II a., [in:] Vilniaus Žemutinė pilis XIV a. – XIX a. pradžioje: 2005–2006 m. ty- rimai, sudarė L. Glemža, Vilnius 2007, pp. 103–104; R. J u r g a i t i s, Bajoriškas seimelis mieste: kur vykdavo Vilniaus seimelio posėdžiai 1717–1795 m.?, [in:] Lie- tuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė XVIII amžiuje: miesto erdvė, Vilnius 2007, pp. 45–53. 5 The non-standard places of the Vilnius sejmik appear in the historiography: Valkininkai (1572), Niemieża (1625), Radashkovichy (1626), Medininkai (1654) and Kamieniec Litewski (1659). See J. Seredyka, Instrukcje powiatu wileńskiego na sejmy za panowania Zygmunta III Wazy, “Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobót- ka” 1993, vol. XLVIII, No. 2–3, p. 191; A. R a c h u b a, op. cit., p. 82, 84. 6 “Each county holds the sejmik sessions in their own town where they select two deputies to the Diet…”. See Wilenskie Woiewodztwo, Kalendarz polityczny na Rok P. 1747, Lublin [1746]. 7 In the statutes of the sejmiks of 1791 and 1793, the first paragraph of the 1st chapter treats on the place where the sejmiks met: “One city per each sejmik, and in the city one place to assemble we appoint once and for all”. See Sejmiki, VL, vol. IX, p. 233. “One city per each sejmik, and in the city one place to assemble is set once and for all”. See Sejmiki W. Ks. Litewskiego, VL, vol. X, Poznań 1952, p. 127. Retrieved from https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/pnh [10.08.2021] Where did the sessions of the Vilnius sejmik… 243 a particular locale (building, room) of the sessions. Without doubt, it must have been changing over such a long period of 1717–1795. First of all, the sources do not include any clear and comprehen- sive information on the matter. Given that the location was obvious to the participants, it comes as no surprise that the location was not indicated. Therefore, most frequently the documents of the sej- mik simply state that the gathering was “in the city of Vilnius, the castle of His Majesty” or “in the Vilnius castle”8. Sometimes it was added: “in the usual place” (ad solitum locum)9. Putting emphasis on the constancy of the meeting place may have a formal tone: the factor of a regular location gained significance when the sejmiks were split, as the one held in a non-regular place might have been considered unlawful. The importance of this issue is illustrated by the debate between the participants of the pre-convocation sejmik session about the place of the meeting on February 6, 1764. The supporters of Ignacy Pac, the steward of GDL, waited until 3 PM until the session of the proponents of Ignacy Jakub Massalski, the Bishop of Vilnius, finished. It was not until then that they started the meeting10. Pac’s supporters managed to accept the documents of the sejmik and include them in the records of the municipal court already on February 711, whereas Massalski’s proponents on 8 “…they arrived at the pre-convocation sejmik in the city of HM at the regular place of meeting in the Vilnius Castle…”. See The resolutions of the Vilnius sejmik of March 20, 1733, The Lithuanian State Historical Archives in Vilnius [further on: LVIA], f. 21, op. 1, No. 91, p. 164. 9 “…the nobility of the voivodshipPNH arrived in big numbers in solito loco in the Castle…”. See Z Wilna d. 14. Febr., “Kuryer Polski”, February 14, 1740, No. 163. “…arriving at the Castle ad solitum locum of the sejmik…”. See Z Wilna d. 10. Febr., “Kuryer Polski”, February 10, 1742, No. 272. “…in solito consiliorum loco…”. See The instructions of the Vilnius sejmik of August 1748, LVIA, f. 21, op. 1, No. 103, p. 954v. “having gathered in the city and in the Castle of HM in Vilnius, ad solitum consiliorum locum…”. See The authorization of the Vilnius sejmik of February 7, 1770, LVIA, f. 21, op. 1, No. 128, p. 18. “gathering in Vilnius, the city of HM, at the location of Candlemas sejmik sitting…”. See The authorization of the Vilnius sej- mik of February 4, 1782, LVIA, f. 21, op. 1, No. 139, p. 1. 10 Michał Horain’s letter of February 13, 1764, The manuscript catalogue of the Vrublevskiai Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in Vilnus, f. 139, No. 1197, pp. 5–8; W. Kriegseisen, Sejmiki Rzeczypospolitej szlacheckiej w XVII i XVIII wieku, Warszawa 1991, p. 98; T. S z w a c i ń s k i, Sejmiki poselskie przed konwokacją 1764 r., “Kwartalnik Historyczny” 2006, vol. CXIII, No. 1, p. 26. 11 The resolutions of the Vilnius sejmik of February 7, 1764, LVIA, f. 21, op. 1, No. 121, pp. 380–383v; The instructions of the Vilnius sejmik of February 7, 1764, ibidem, pp. 384–387v. Retrieved from https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/pnh [10.08.2021] 244 ROBERTAS JURGAITIS February 912. After the debates were moved to the Warsaw Convo- cation Sejm and after deputies’ powers went under control, the sej- mik of Biszop Massalski was recognized as a lawful one and elected the deputies13. However, the research carried out in recent years shows that the territory of the Vilnius castles on which most build- ings of the GDL institutions were located was large enough to hold their own sejmik assemblies. The records of the Vilnius municipal court from the 18th century point out that the Vilnius sejmik was meeting in the building of said court, in its meeting room14. As stated in the entry of 1715, the Vilnius municipal court and the sejmik sittings took place in the Castle Gate building15. In the descriptions of the Vilnius estates from 1790, it is indicated that court proceedings were held in the Castle Gate building (property No. 462)16. In 1794, the tribunal (deputational) and electoral sejmik of Vilnius also met in the room of the Vilnius municipal court17. Some of the court records from 18th century also include indirect evidence on the location of the 12 The instructions of the Vilnius sejmik of February 9, 1764, Akty izdava- iemyje Vilenskoju archeograficzeskoju komisieju dla razbora drievnich aktov, vol.
Recommended publications
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth As a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity*

    The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth As a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity*

    Chapter 8 The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity* Satoshi Koyama Introduction The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzeczpospolita) was one of the largest states in early modern Europe. In the second half of the sixteenth century, after the union of Lublin (1569), the Polish-Lithuanian state covered an area of 815,000 square kilometres. It attained its greatest extent (990,000 square kilometres) in the first half of the seventeenth century. On the European continent there were only two larger countries than Poland-Lithuania: the Grand Duchy of Moscow (c.5,400,000 square kilometres) and the European territories of the Ottoman Empire (840,000 square kilometres). Therefore the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the largest country in Latin-Christian Europe in the early modern period (Wyczański 1973: 17–8). In this paper I discuss the internal diversity of the Commonwealth in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and consider how such a huge territorial complex was politically organised and integrated. * This paper is a part of the results of the research which is grant-aided by the ‘Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research’ program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science in 2005–2007. - 137 - SATOSHI KOYAMA 1. The Internal Diversity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Poland-Lithuania before the union of Lublin was a typical example of a composite monarchy in early modern Europe. ‘Composite state’ is the term used by H. G. Koenigsberger, who argued that most states in early modern Europe had been ‘composite states, including more than one country under the sovereignty of one ruler’ (Koenigsberger, 1978: 202).
  • Pomorskie Voivodeship Development Strategy 2020

    Pomorskie Voivodeship Development Strategy 2020

    Annex no. 1 to Resolution no. 458/XXII/12 Of the Sejmik of Pomorskie Voivodeship of 24th September 2012 on adoption of Pomorskie Voivodeship Development Strategy 2020 Pomorskie Voivodeship Development Strategy 2020 GDAŃSK 2012 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. OUTPUT SITUATION ………………………………………………………… 6 II. SCENARIOS AND VISION OF DEVELOPMENT ………………………… 18 THE PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGY AND ROLE OF THE SELF- III. 24 GOVERNMENT OF THE VOIVODESHIP ………..………………………… IV. CHALLENGES AND OBJECTIVES …………………………………………… 28 V. IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM ………………………………………………… 65 3 4 The shape of the Pomorskie Voivodeship Development Strategy 2020 is determined by 8 assumptions: 1. The strategy is a tool for creating development targeting available financial and regulatory instruments. 2. The strategy covers only those issues on which the Self-Government of Pomorskie Voivodeship and its partners in the region have a real impact. 3. The strategy does not include purely local issues unless there is a close relationship between the local needs and potentials of the region and regional interest, or when the local deficits significantly restrict the development opportunities. 4. The strategy does not focus on issues of a routine character, belonging to the realm of the current operation and performing the duties and responsibilities of legal entities operating in the region. 5. The strategy is selective and focused on defining the objectives and courses of action reflecting the strategic choices made. 6. The strategy sets targets amenable to verification and establishment of commitments to specific actions and effects. 7. The strategy outlines the criteria for identifying projects forming part of its implementation. 8. The strategy takes into account the specific conditions for development of different parts of the voivodeship, indicating that not all development challenges are the same everywhere in their nature and seriousness.
  • Sejmiki Szlachty Sieradzkiej W Szadku W Latach 1668–1695. Zestawienie

    Sejmiki Szlachty Sieradzkiej W Szadku W Latach 1668–1695. Zestawienie

    BIULETYN SZADKOWSKI Tom 14 2014 Micha KOBIERECKI * SEJMIKI SZLACHTY SIERADZKIEJ W SZADKU W LATACH 16681695 ZESTAWIE IE CHRO OLOGICZ E Prezentowane w artykule zestawienie sejmikw wojewdztwa sieradzkiego posiada wspln cech jest ni miejsce obrad, czyli Szadek, stolica powiatu. badanym okresie w mie!cie odbywa"y si sejmiki poselskie 1, relacyjne 2 czy deputackie 3 oraz te, ktre by"y prolongowane 4. Przedstawione zestawienie zosta"o oparte na analizie ksig grodzkich z Sieradza, Tek Pawi(skiego i Tek Pstroko(- skiego 5. przypadku pierwszego z przedstawionych +rde" korzystano ze zbioru relacji, gdzie umieszczano lauda , bd+ uniwersa"y sejmikowe, protestacje czy akty konfederacji. .atomiast w Tekach Pstroko(skiego znalaz"y si oryginalne wypisy z ksig grodzkich sieradzkich i piotrkowskich, jak i /0/-wieczne odpisy wymienionych wy1ej aktw. Podobna sytuacja mia"a miejsce w przypadku Tek Pawi(skiego, gdzie znajduj si odpisy dokonane w okresie zaborw 2. * 3icha" 4obierecki, dr, adiunkt, 5niwersytet 6dzki, ydzia" 7ilozo8czno-9istoryczny, 4atedra 9istorii .owo1ytnej, 90-219 6d+, ul. 4ami(skiego 22a. 1 Sejmik poselski zjazd szlachty z danego terytorium (ziemia, powiat, wojewdztwo) zwo"any przez monarch, na ktrym wybierano pos"w na sejm walny i opracowywano dla nich instrukcj. 2 Sejmik relacyjny, na ktry zje1d1a"a szlachta, aby dowiedzie> si od swoich pos"w o decy- zjach, jakie podjto na zako(czonym sejmie. 3 Sejmik deputacki zjazd lokalnej szlachty, na ktrym wybierano deputatw, swoich sdziw do Trybuna"w 4oronnego lub Litewskiego. 4 Sejmik prolongowany zjazd, na ktrym szlachcie nie uda"o si podj> wsplnej decyzji i ustalono jedynie zwo"anie kolejnego sejmiku w wyznaczonym terminie, dla ponownego rozpatrze- nia spornych kwestii.
  • Resources Concerning the History of Polish Jews in Castle Court Records of the 17Th and 18Th Centuries in the Central State Historical Archives in Kyiv and Lviv

    Resources Concerning the History of Polish Jews in Castle Court Records of the 17Th and 18Th Centuries in the Central State Historical Archives in Kyiv and Lviv

    SCRIPTA JUDAICA CRACOVIENSIA Vol. 18 (2020) pp. 127–140 doi:10.4467/20843925SJ.20.009.13877 www.ejournals.eu/Scripta-Judaica-Cracoviensia Resources Concerning the History of Polish Jews in Castle Court Records of the 17th and 18th Centuries in the Central State Historical Archives in Kyiv and Lviv Przemysław Zarubin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-0839 (Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland) e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: archival sources, Ukraine, Lviv, Kyiv, castle court, 17th century, 18th century Abstract: The article presents types of sources which have thus far not been used, castle court books kept in the archives of the Ukrainian cities of Lviv and Kyiv. The author emphasizes the importance of these sources for research on the history and culture of Polish Jews in the 17th and 18th centuries. He also specifies the types of documents related to Jewish issues authenticated in these books (e.g. manifestations and lawsuits, declarations of the Radom Tribunal), as well as current source publications and internet databases containing selected documents from Ukrainian archives. The Central State Historical Archive in Lviv (CDIAL) (known as the Bernadine Ar- chive) and the Central State Historical Archive in Kyiv (CDIAUK) both have exten- sive collections of records of the so-called castle courts (sądy grodzkie), also known as local Starost courts (sądy starościńskie) for the nobility: from the Bełz and Ruthe- nian Voivodeships in the Lviv archive; and from the Łuck, Podolia, Kyiv, and Bracław Voivodeships in the Kyiv archive. This is particularly important because – in the light of Jewish population counts taken in 1764–1765 for the purpose of poll tax assessment – these areas were highly populated by Jews.
  • ESCOR TED T OURS in English POLISH and LITHUANIAN

    ESCOR TED T OURS in English POLISH and LITHUANIAN

    2008 5 (2).eng 8/9/08 11:11 Page 14 POLISH AND LITHUANIAN SPLENDOURS 8 days Route: Krakow – Wieliczka – Krakow – Cz´stochowa – Warsaw – Kaunas – Vilnius Vilnius Warszawa Kraków reconstructed Old Town. The morning sightseeing tour includes the Royal Route and the Old Town with the Royal Castle, St. John’s Cathedral, the Old Town Market Square and the Barbican. In the afternoon, we offer an optional excursion to the Royal ¸azienki Park with the Palace on the Water. The evening offers an optional Polish dinner at Res- taurant “Podwale”. Day 6. Warsaw – Kaunas – Vilnius We continue through the well-forested North Poland along the eastern fringe of the Masurian Lakeland, a my- Vilnius – Ostra Brama riad of postglacial lakes representing some of the most Day 1. Krakow Day 3. Krakow – Wieliczka – Krakow beautiful natural sites in Poland, and continue into Lithua- Arrival in Krakow, optional transfer to Hotel Novotel Cen- The morning offers an optional excursion to the famous nia to reach Kaunas, a genuine Lithuanian city. We take trum Krakow**** or similar, check-in, welcome meeting. Wieliczka Salt Mine, an amazing labyrinth of tunnels a stroll in the Old Town with its elegant Old Town Hall and Day 2. Krakow going down as far as 327 meters. The afternoon is Gothic cathedral. Then, we continue eastwards and arrive For half a millennium, Krakow was the royal capital of reserved for exploring more of Krakow’s secrets individu- soon in Vilnius. Check-in at the hotel. Poland and for centuries the city walls have guarded its ally. The evening offer includes an optional dinner at Res- Day 7.
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, C.1500–1795

    The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, C.1500–1795

    The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, c.1500–1795 The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, c.1500–1795 Edited by Richard Butterwick Lecturer in Modern European History Queen’s University Belfast Northern Ireland Editorial matter, selection and Introduction © Richard Butterwick 2001 Chapter 10 © Richard Butterwick 2001 Chapters 1–9 © Palgrave Publishers Ltd 2001 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2001 978-0-333-77382-6 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2001 by PALGRAVE Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE is the new global academic imprint of St. Martin’s Press LLC Scholarly and Reference Division and Palgrave Publishers Ltd (formerly Macmillan Press Ltd). ISBN 978-1-349-41618-9 ISBN 978-0-333-99380-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780333993804 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.
  • Atsisiųsti Straipsnį

    Atsisiųsti Straipsnį

    bažnyčios istorijos studijos, vi. vilnius, 2013 lietuvių katalikų mokslo akademijos metraštis. t. 37 b. issn 1392-0502 WIOLETTA PAWLIKOWSKA-BUTTERWICK THE VILNIUS CATHEDRAL CHAPTER AND THE JEWS IN THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES: CASES FROM THE ACTS OF THE CATHEDRAL CHAPTER any scholars have been drawn to study relations between Mthe Jewish population and the Catholic clergy in the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth1. However, the coverage of these complicated questions remains uneven. Doubtlessly, among the most prominent issues are conflicts related to confessional differences. It was from the position of religious alterity that the Catholic side most often acted against those who kept the Old Covenant. Such attacks were also the ones that had the most far-reaching effects, at least according to most of the historiography. However, mutual relations between the Catholic clergy and the Jews were by no means restricted to such conflicts. Tere can be no doubt that contacts of economic nature were among the principal ways the two groups interacted. Sometimes these religious and economic factors overlapped. Troughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the Catholic clergy, although it constituted a single social and legal (although not 1 See, e. g., Antony Polonsky, Te Jews in Poland and Russia: 1350 to 1881, vol. 1, Oxford: Te Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2010; Zenon Guldon, “Żydzi wśród chrześcijan w miastach małopolskich w XVI–XVIII wieku”, in: Nasza Przeszłość, 1992, vol. 78, pp. 187–222; Stefan Gąsiorowski, Chrześcijanie i Żydzi w Żółkwi w XVII i XVIII wieku, Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, 2001; Barbara Wizimirska, “Chrześcijanie i Żydzi w Rzeszowie w XVII i XVIII wieku”, in: Prace Historyczno-Archiwalne, 1993, vol.
  • KOMUNIKATY Mazurskoawarmińskie

    KOMUNIKATY Mazurskoawarmińskie

    Towarzystwo Naukowe i Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego KOMUNIKATY AZURSKO armińskie KwartalnikM nr 4(294)-W Olsztyn 2016 KOMUNIKATY MAZURSKO-WARMIŃSKIE Czasopismo poświęcone przeszłości ziem Polski północno-wschodniej RADA REDAKCYJNA: Stanisław Achremczyk (przewodniczący), Darius Baronas, Janusz Jasiński, Igor Kąkolewski, Olgierd Kiec, Andrzej Kopiczko, Andreas Kossert, Jurij Kostiaszow, Cezary Kuklo, Ruth Leiserowitz, Janusz Małłek, Sylva Pocyté, Tadeusz Stegner, Mathias Wagner, Edmund Wojnowski REDAGUJĄ: Grzegorz Białuński, Grzegorz Jasiński (redaktor), Jerzy Kiełbik, Alina Kuzborska (redakcja językowa: język niemiecki), Bohdan Łukaszewicz, Aleksander Pluskowski (redakcja językowa: język angielski), Jerzy Sikorski, Seweryn Szczepański (sekretarz), Ryszard Tomkiewicz. Instrukcja dla autorów dostępna jest na stronie internetowej pisma Wydano dzięki wsparciu fi nansowemu Marszałka Województwa Warmińsko-Mazurskiego oraz Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego Articles appearing in Masuro-Warmian Bulletin are abstracted and indexed in BazHum and Historical Abstracts Redakcja KMW informuje, że wersją pierwotną (referencyjną) czasopisma jest wydanie elektroniczne. Adres Redakcji: 10-402 Olsztyn, ul. Partyzantów 87, tel. 0-89 527-66-18, www.obn.olsztyn.pl; [email protected]; Ark. wyd. 12,3; ark. druk. 10,75. Przygotowanie do druku: Wydawnictwo „Littera”, Olsztyn, druk Warmia Print, Olsztyn, ul. Pstrowskiego 35C ISSN 0023-3196 A RTYKułY I MATERIAłY Robert Klimek AccoUNts OF THE Catholic CHUrch adoptiNG sacred paGAN places
  • Dr. Liudas Jovaiša

    Dr. Liudas Jovaiša

    Liudas Jovaiša THE RELICS OF THE SAINTS IN THE CATHEDRAL OF VILNIUS BETWEEN 1387-1655 The Cathedral of Vilnius housed a unique collection of relics unequalled by any other church in Lithuania. The fact that a greater part of the Cathedral Treasury consists of different types of reliquaries testifies to their importance and popularity of the cult of saints. Most of the relics appeared in the cathedral in late medieval and early modern period. The only complete relics of a saint in medieval Lithuania were the relics of Prince Casimir Jagiellon, patron saint of Lithuania. St Casimir was buried in Vilnius cathedral in 1484, however he had been venerated at his burial site already in the sixteenth century. The relics of Prince Casimir were placed in the Gasztold Chapel in 1604 and in 1636 they were transferred in a solemn procession to a chapel dedicated to the saint. In 1652 the Apostolic See instituted the Feast of the Transfer of the Relics of St Casimir in Poland Lithuania that fell on the Sunday following the octave of the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, i.e. after 22 August. The cult of the relics in Lithuania emerged at the time of the christianization of Lithuania in 1387. An important event in the history of the Cathedral Treasury was 1501 diplomatic mission of Bishop Erasmus Ciołek to Pope Alexander VI undertaken in the name Alexander Jagiellon, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Surviving inventories of papal gifts list the relic known as the Titulus Crucis (part of the Title of the Cross), the relics of Christ’s manger, the relics of Ten Thousand Martyrs, other relics included the blade-bone of St Sebastian, the head of St Praxedes, the forearm of St Prudence and St Candida the Virgin, the relics of the earth collected by St Helen at the Holly Cross, the relics of St Jerome’s stole and the relic of the bloodstained robe of St Thomas à Becket.
  • Polish Battles and Campaigns in 13Th–19Th Centuries

    Polish Battles and Campaigns in 13Th–19Th Centuries

    POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 Scientific editors: Ph. D. Grzegorz Jasiński, Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Reviewers: Ph. D. hab. Marek Dutkiewicz, Ph. D. hab. Halina Łach Scientific Council: Prof. Piotr Matusak – chairman Prof. Tadeusz Panecki – vice-chairman Prof. Adam Dobroński Ph. D. Janusz Gmitruk Prof. Danuta Kisielewicz Prof. Antoni Komorowski Col. Prof. Dariusz S. Kozerawski Prof. Mirosław Nagielski Prof. Zbigniew Pilarczyk Ph. D. hab. Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz Prof. Waldemar Rezmer Ph. D. hab. Aleksandra Skrabacz Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Prof. Lech Wyszczelski Sketch maps: Jan Rutkowski Design and layout: Janusz Świnarski Front cover: Battle against Theutonic Knights, XVI century drawing from Marcin Bielski’s Kronika Polski Translation: Summalinguæ © Copyright by Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita, 2016 © Copyright by Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości, 2016 ISBN 978-83-65409-12-6 Publisher: Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości Contents 7 Introduction Karol Olejnik 9 The Mongol Invasion of Poland in 1241 and the battle of Legnica Karol Olejnik 17 ‘The Great War’ of 1409–1410 and the Battle of Grunwald Zbigniew Grabowski 29 The Battle of Ukmergė, the 1st of September 1435 Marek Plewczyński 41 The
  • Miejsca Obrad Sejmików Województw Wielkopolski Właściwej Od XVI Do XVIII Wieku

    Miejsca Obrad Sejmików Województw Wielkopolski Właściwej Od XVI Do XVIII Wieku

    RES HISTORICA 42, 2016 DOI: 10.17951/rh.2016.42.75-100 Michał Zwierzykowski (Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu) Ewa Tacka (Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu) Miejsca obrad sejmików województw Wielkopolski właściwej od XVI do XVIII wieku The Places of Assemblies of the Local Parliaments of Great Poland from the 16th to the 18th Century STRESZCZENIE Artykuł stanowi pierwszą w historiografii próbę syntetycznego ujęcia zagadnienia lokalizacji obrad zgromadzeń sejmikowych tzw. Wielkopolski właściwej w epoce wcze- snonowożytnej, z uwzględnieniem jej genezy i przemian. Powstał w oparciu o dotych- czasowe, nieliczne i rozproszone ustalenia zawarte w literaturze, a przede wszystkim na podstawie analizy obszernego, wydanego już drukiem, materiału źródłowego dotyczące- go sejmików województw poznańskiego i kaliskiego. Autorzy starali się ukazać nie tyl- ko podstawy zwyczajowe i prawne lokalizacji obrad, miejsca, w których na przestrzeni trzech stuleci obradowała szlachta wielkopolska, ale również przedstawić nieco szczegó- łów związanych ze zwyczajowym miejscem odbywania sejmików w Środzie. Podstawowy wniosek płynący z ustaleń zawartych w niniejszym tekście potwierdza fakt, że już od dru- giej połowy XV w. właśnie Środa była niemal nieprzerwanie centrum politycznych obrad szlachty z rozległego terytorium obejmującego dwa, a od 1768 r. trzy województwa. Poza tym udowodniono, że sejmik wielkopolski w epoce nowożytnej nie miał stałej siedziby, a jedynie potwierdzone zwyczajem i prawem pisanym miejsce gromadzenia się. Słowa kluczowe: sejmiki, parlamentaryzm, samorząd terytorialny, Rzeczpospolita szlachecka, historia Wielkopolski Rozważania o lokalizacji obrad sejmików staropolskich należy po- przedzić przypomnieniem, że w przypadku samorządu sejmikowego w dobie przedrozbiorowej nie można jeszcze mówić o „siedzibie” sejmi- 76 MC I hAł ZWIERZykoWSkI, EWA TACkA ku, a jedynie o miejscu obrad1.
  • Articles the Attitude of Ruthenian Magnates

    Articles the Attitude of Ruthenian Magnates

    ZAPISKI HISTORYCZNE — TOM LXXXIV — ROK 2019 Zeszyt 4 Articles http://dx.doi.org/10.15762/ZH.2019.36 TOMASZ KEMPA (Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń) The Attitude of Ruthenian Magnates and Nobles toward the Union of Lublin (1569) and the Problem of the Autonomy of Ukrainian Lands* within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Key words: magnates, nobles, Ruthenia, Ukraine, Union of Lublin, law, Orthodoxy, Po lonization, Catholicization The Polish-Lithuanian Union, signed in Lublin in 1569, has long aroused great interest among successive generations of historians. It is caused not only by the importance of this event, but also by the fact the Union was being con- sidered through the prism of historical debate, which was contested among Poles and Lithuanians in the era of the Sejm of Lublin and also after its con- clusion. This approach to the problem ensured that scholars often overlooked the important issue of the attitude towards the Union of Lublin of the Ruthe- nian nobility from the Ukrainian lands, which, before 1569, belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and which were incorporated into the Kingdom of Poland at the Union of Lublin in 1569. All these territories had much in * The term ‘Ukraine’ (or the ‘Ukrainian lands’) usually referred the Kyiv and Bratslav voivodeships in the last decades of the 16th and in the first half of the 17th century. Volhynia was treated as a separate region. After incorporating the land of Chernihiv into the Commonwealth (after the war with Muscovy in 1619), it was also considered as a part of the Ukrainian lands.