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Compte Rendu Final Du Projet

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Compte Rendu Final Du Projet Compte rendu final du projet Projet Bee-plane -Recenser et valider les hypothèses moteurs : 2xTP400 + 1xCFM56 -Bee-plane quadri-turbopropulseur - Panne moteur au décollage BOBIN Etienne GUTH Julie HOUPLON Anaïs VERRIEST Aurélie 4 A S 2 Table des matières Recenser et valider les hypothèses moteurs .......................................................................................... 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1) Objectifs de conception ........................................................................................................... 5 2) Spécifications pour les avions civils ......................................................................................... 5 3) Limites physiques du vol ............................................................................................................. 5 4) Opérabilité ............................................................................................................................... 6 5) Manœuvres à risque et incidents ............................................................................................ 6 II. Etude des moteurs à l’aide de tableaux récapitulatifs ................................................................ 7 III. Calcul d’une mission du Bee-Plane .......................................................................................... 8 Introduction : ................................................................................................................................... 8 1) Classe de poussée et masse maximale de carburant .............................................................. 8 2) Consommation horaire globale à 0/0 ..................................................................................... 9 3) Phase de décollage .................................................................................................................. 9 4) Phase d’accélération et de montée ....................................................................................... 10 5) Deuxième phase de montée ................................................................................................. 12 6) Distance maximale que peut parcourir l’avion ..................................................................... 14 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 15 Conclusion : ................................................................................................................................... 19 Bee-plane quadri-turbopropulseur ....................................................................................................... 20 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 21 I. Définition du Cahier des Charges .............................................................................................. 21 a) Fonctions principales ................................................................................................................. 21 b) Fonctions de services ................................................................................................................ 21 II. Motorisation : Turbopropulseurs .............................................................................................. 22 1) Qu’est-ce qu’un Turbopropulseur ? .......................................................................................... 22 a) Principe de fonctionnement d’un turbopropulseur .................................................................. 22 b) Avantages et inconvénients ...................................................................................................... 22 c) Liste des quadri-turbopropulseurs ........................................................................................ 23 d) Liste des turbopropulseurs Pratt et Whitney ........................................................................ 24 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 26 Panne moteur au décollage .................................................................................................................. 27 I. Détermination des pentes en fonction des segments au décollage ......................................... 28 BOBIN Etienne | GUTH Julie | HOUPLON Anaïs | VERRIEST Aurélie 1) Définition des segments ............................................................................................................ 28 2) Pentes réglementaires pour le Bee-Plane ................................................................................. 28 II. Impact de la panne moteur ....................................................................................................... 29 1) Description des effets indésirables ........................................................................................... 29 2) Impact sur la traînée.................................................................................................................. 30 III. Calculs des pentes ................................................................................................................. 31 1) Démonstration .......................................................................................................................... 31 2) Application au Bee-plane .......................................................................................................... 32 3) Cas particuliers .......................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 34 Conclusion générale .............................................................................................................................. 35 Annexes ................................................................................................................................................. 36 BOBIN Etienne | GUTH Julie | HOUPLON Anaïs | VERRIEST Aurélie Introduction Nos projets s’inscrivent dans la démarche de préconception du Bee-Plane. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur le volet motorisation de ce projet ainsi que quelques problématiques associées. Nous avons choisi de travailler sur 3 sujets différents. Le premier, recenser et valider les hypothèses moteurs, est l’élément central de notre étude. Nous y avons effectué tous les calculs permettant d’estimer les performances du Bee-Plane lorsqu’il dispose de deux TP400 et d’un CFM56. Il va nous permettre d’obtenir des données utiles pour les deux autres sujets. Le second sujet, Bee-Plane en version quadri-turbopropulseur, représente une alternative à la première motorisation. Elle a pour but de diminuer la consommation du Bee-Plane. Le troisième sujet, panne moteur au décollage, permet de vérifier que le Bee-Plane respecte la réglementation et dispose de bonnes performances au décollage. BOBIN Etienne | GUTH Julie | HOUPLON Anaïs | VERRIEST Aurélie Recenser et valider les hypothèses moteurs GUTH Julie et BOBIN Etienne BOBIN Etienne | GUTH Julie | HOUPLON Anaïs | VERRIEST Aurélie Introduction Le but de notre étude est de faire la liste des caractéristiques du TP400, du CFM56 et du Sam146 puis d’effectuer des calculs de performance afin de voir si ces moteurs conviennent effectivement au Bee- Plane. I. Comment choisir la motorisation d’un avion ? 1) Objectifs de conception Nous avons commencé par faire une liste non exhaustive des critères majeurs concernant le choix d’un moteur : Les performances doivent augmenter La consommation et le bruit doivent diminuer La sécurité doit être assurée La fiabilité doit être améliorée Les coûts de possession doivent baisser Le poids doit être réduit Le coût d’achat doit être le plus faible possible La possibilité d’avoir un TP400, moteur militaire à l’origine, dans le civil au sein de compagnies aériennes internationales doit être étudiée 2) Spécifications pour les avions civils Le cahier des charges des avions civils est caractérisé à l’aide des données suivantes : Spécification avions par rapport au moteur Rayon d’action Charge marchande Temps de montée Poussée en fin de montée Taux de montée moteur en panne Capacités d’évolution Dans la suite de notre projet, nous allons essayer de calculer ces données. Elles nous permettrons ensuite de déterminer si les moteurs choisis pour l’instant correspondent bien à nos attentes. 3) Limites physiques du vol 1-Point fixe (1013 hPa ; 288K) 2-Décollage (1013 hPa ; 288K) 3-Fin de montée (411 hPa ; 258K) 4-Croisière (411 hPa ; 258K) BOBIN Etienne | GUTH Julie | HOUPLON Anaïs | VERRIEST Aurélie 4) Opérabilité L’opérabilité est la capacité du système propulsif à fonctionner dans l’ensemble : du domaine de vol (alt., Mach) contractuel du domaine de fonctionnement : angle manette, prélèvements d’air et puissance des environnements : incidence, dérapage des évènements : vent, ingestions en fournissant les performances spécifiées dans le cahier des charges. 5) Manœuvres à risque et incidents 1. Ingestion oiseaux et corps étrangers 2. Distorsion (vent de travers) 3. (Re-)Démarrage 4. Accélération Décélération Reprise 5. Power Management, vieillissement
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