Karina Larsen Connecting the Offi Ce in the Sky
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Robust Gas Turbine and Airframe System Design in Light of Uncertain
Robust Gas Turbine and Airframe System Design in Light of Uncertain Fuel and CO2 Prices Stephan Langmaak1, James Scanlan2, and András Sóbester3 University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 7QF, United Kingdom This paper presents a study that numerically investigated which cruise speed the next generation of short-haul aircraft with 150 seats should y at and whether a con- ventional two- or three-shaft turbofan, a geared turbofan, a turboprop, or an open rotor should be employed in order to make the aircraft's direct operating cost robust to uncertain fuel and carbon (CO2) prices in the Year 2030, taking the aircraft pro- ductivity, the passenger value of time, and the modal shift into account. To answer this question, an optimization loop was set up in MATLAB consisting of nine modules covering gas turbine and airframe design and performance, ight and aircraft eet sim- ulation, operating cost, and optimization. If the passenger value of time is included, the most robust aircraft design is powered by geared turbofan engines and cruises at Mach 0.80. If the value of time is ignored, however, then a turboprop aircraft ying at Mach 0.70 is the optimum solution. This demonstrates that the most fuel-ecient option, the open rotor, is not automatically the most cost-ecient solution because of the relatively high engine and airframe costs. 1 Research Engineer, Computational Engineering and Design 2 Professor of Aerospace Design, Computational Engineering and Design, AIAA member 3 Associate Professor in Aircraft Engineering, Computational Engineering and Design, AIAA member 1 I. Introduction A. Background IT takes around 5 years to develop a gas turbine engine, which then usually remains in pro- duction for more than two decades [1, 2]. -
Aerospace Engine Data
AEROSPACE ENGINE DATA Data for some concrete aerospace engines and their craft ................................................................................. 1 Data on rocket-engine types and comparison with large turbofans ................................................................... 1 Data on some large airliner engines ................................................................................................................... 2 Data on other aircraft engines and manufacturers .......................................................................................... 3 In this Appendix common to Aircraft propulsion and Space propulsion, data for thrust, weight, and specific fuel consumption, are presented for some different types of engines (Table 1), with some values of specific impulse and exit speed (Table 2), a plot of Mach number and specific impulse characteristic of different engine types (Fig. 1), and detailed characteristics of some modern turbofan engines, used in large airplanes (Table 3). DATA FOR SOME CONCRETE AEROSPACE ENGINES AND THEIR CRAFT Table 1. Thrust to weight ratio (F/W), for engines and their crafts, at take-off*, specific fuel consumption (TSFC), and initial and final mass of craft (intermediate values appear in [kN] when forces, and in tonnes [t] when masses). Engine Engine TSFC Whole craft Whole craft Whole craft mass, type thrust/weight (g/s)/kN type thrust/weight mini/mfin Trent 900 350/63=5.5 15.5 A380 4×350/5600=0.25 560/330=1.8 cruise 90/63=1.4 cruise 4×90/5000=0.1 CFM56-5A 110/23=4.8 16 -
Rolls-Royce / Itp Regulation
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DG Competition Case M.8242 - ROLLS-ROYCE / ITP Only the English text is available and authentic. REGULATION (EC) No 139/2004 MERGER PROCEDURE Article 6(1)(b) in conjunction with Art 6(2) Date: 19/04/2017 In electronic form on the EUR-Lex website under document number 32017M8242 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 19.04.2017 C(2017) 2613 final In the published version of this decision, some information has been omitted pursuant to Article PUBLIC VERSION 17(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 concerning non-disclosure of business secrets and other confidential information. The omissions are shown thus […]. Where possible the information omitted has been replaced by ranges of figures or a general description. To the notifying party: Subject: Case M.8242 – Rolls-Royce / ITP Commission decision pursuant to Article 6(1)(b) in conjunction with Article 6(2) of Council Regulation No 139/20041 and Article 57 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area2 Dear Sir or Madam, (1) On 24 February 2017, the European Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of the Merger Regulation by which the undertaking Rolls-Royce Holdings plc ("Rolls-Royce", United Kingdom) acquires within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation control of the whole of the undertaking Industria de Turbo Propulsores SA ("ITP", Spain) by way of a purchase of shares (the "Transaction").3 Rolls-Royce is designated hereinafter as the "Notifying Party", and Rolls-Royce and ITP are together referred to as the "Parties". 1 OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. -
Records Fall at Farnborough As Sales Pass $135 Billion
ISSN 1718-7966 JULY 21, 2014 / VOL. 448 WEEKLY AVIATION HEADLINES Read by thousands of aviation professionals and technical decision-makers every week www.avitrader.com WORLD NEWS More Malaysia Airlines grief The Airbus A350 XWB The US stock market fell sharply was a guest on fears of renewed hostilities of honour at after the news that a Malaysian Farnborough Airlines flight was allegedly shot (left) last week down over eastern Ukraine, with as it nears its service all 298 people on board reported entry date dead. US vice president Joe Biden with Qatar said the plane was “blown out of Airways later the sky”, apparently by a surface- this year. to-air missile as the Boeing 777 Airbus jet cruised at 33,000 feet, some 1,000 feet above a closed section of airspace. Ukraine has accused Records fall at Farnborough as sales pass $135 billion pro-Russian “terrorists” of shoot- Airbus, CFM International beat forecasts with new highs at UK show ing the plane down with a Soviet- era SA-11 missile as it flew from The 2014 Farnborough Interna- Farnborough International Airshow: Major orders* tional Airshow closed its doors Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur. Airframer Customer Order Value¹ last week safe in the knowledge Boeing 777 Qatar Airways 50 777-9X $19bn Record show for CFM Int’l that it had broken records on many fronts - not least on total Boeing 777, 737 Air Lease 6 777-300ER, 20 737 MAX $3.9bn CFM International, the 50/50 orders and commitments for Air- Airbus A320 family SMBC 110 A320neo, 5 A320 ceo $11.8bn joint company between Snec- bus and Boeing aircraft, which ma (Safran) and GE, celebrated Airbus A320 family Air Lease 60 A321neo $7.23bn hit a combined $115.5bn at list record sales worth some $21.4bn Embraer E-Jet Trans States 50 E175 E2 $2.4bn prices for 697 aircraft - over 60% at Farnborough. -
Livre 1.Indb
European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. Registration Document 2010 European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. (the “Company” or “EADS” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Group”) is a Dutch company, which is listed in France, Germany and Spain. The applicable regulations with respect to public information and protection of investors, as well as the commitments made by the Company to securities and market authorities, are described in this registration document (the “Registration Document”). In addition to historical information, this Registration Document includes forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are generally identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “plan”, “project”, “predict”, “will”, “should”, “may” or other variations of such terms, or by discussion of strategy. These statements relate to EADS’ future prospects, developments and business strategies and are based on analyses or forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These forward-looking statements represent the view of EADS only as of the dates they are made, and EADS disclaims any obligation to update forward-looking statements, except as may be otherwise required by law. The forward-looking statements in this Registration Document involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause EADS’ actual future results, performance and achievements to differ materially from those forecasted or suggested herein. These include changes in general economic and business conditions, as well as the factors described in “Risk Factors” below. This Registration Document was prepared in accordance with Annex 1 of EC Regulation 809/2004, filed in English with, and approved by, the Autoriteit Financiële Markten (the “AFM”) on 19 April 2011 in its capacity as competent authority under the Wet op het financieel toezicht (as amended) pursuant to Directive 2003/71/EC. -
ISSEK HSE) Role of Big Data Augmented Horizon Scanning in Strategic and Marketing Analytics
National Research University Higher School of Economics Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge Big Data Augmented Horizon Scanning: Combination of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods for Strategic and Marketing Analytics [email protected] [email protected] XIX April International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development Moscow, 11 April 2018 Outline - Role of artificial intelligence and big data in modern analytics - System of Intelligent Foresight Analytics iFORA - Combined quantitative and qualitative analysis methodology and software solutions - Use cases - Conclusion and discussion 2 Growing interest in Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Machine Learning International analytical reports & news feed 12000 10000 8000 Artificial Intelligence 6000 Big Data Machine Learning 4000 2000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Russian analytical reports & news feed 800 700 600 500 Artificial Intelligence 400 Big Data 300 Machine Learning 200 100 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 3 Source: System of Intelligent Foresight Analytics iFORA™ (ISSEK HSE) Role of Big Data Augmented Horizon Scanning in Strategic and Marketing Analytics AI-related tasks Tracking latest and challenges trends, technologies, drivers, barriers Market forecasting Trend analysis Understanding S&T modern skills and Instruments for Customers Market Intelligence competences analysis feedback knowledge discovery HR policy Vacancy Feedback mining -
Propulsione Aeronautica 2020/2021 Francesco Barato
PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO MATERIALE DI SUPPORTO FONDAMENTI DI PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA Thrust 푇 = (푚̇ 푎 + 푚̇ 푓)푉푒 − 푚̇ 푎푉0 + (푝푒 − 푝푎)퐴푒 푇 ≈ 푚̇ 푎(푉푒 − 푉0) + (푝푒 − 푝푎)퐴푒 1 PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO Ramjet P-270 Moskit (left), BrahMos (right) Turboramjet Pratt & Whitney J-58 turbo(ram)jet 2 PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO Scramjet 3 PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO Specific impulse 푇 푉푒 푇 푚̇ 푝 푉푒 − 푉0 퐼푠푝 = = [푠] 푟표푐푘푒푡푠 퐼푠푝 = = [푠] 푎푟 푏푟푒푎푡ℎ푛푔 푚̇ 푝푔0 푔0 푚̇ 푓푔0 푚̇ 푓 푔0 4 PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO Propulsive efficiency Overall efficiency Overall efficiency with Mach number 5 PROPULSIONE AERONAUTICA 2020/2021 FRANCESCO BARATO Engine bypass ratios Bypass Engine Name Major applications ratio turbojet early jet aircraft, Concorde 0.0 SNECMA M88 Rafale 0.30 GE F404 F/A-18, T-50, F-117 0.34 PW F100 F-16, F-15 0.36 Eurojet EJ200 Typhoon 0.4 Klimov RD-33 MiG-29, Il-102 0.49 Saturn AL-31 Su-27, Su-30, J-10 0.59 Kuznetsov NK-144A Tu-144 0.6 PW JT8D DC-9, MD-80, 727, 737 Original 0.96 Soloviev D-20P Tu-124 1.0 Kuznetsov NK-321 Tu-160 1.4 GE Honda HF120 HondaJet 2.9 RR Tay Gulfstream IV, F70, F100 3.1 GE CF6-50 A300, DC-10-30,Lockheed C-5M Super Galaxy 4.26 PowerJet SaM146 SSJ 100 4.43 RR RB211-22B TriStar 4.8 PW PW4000-94 A300, A310, Boeing 767, Boeing 747-400 4.85 Progress D-436 Yak-42, Be-200, An-148 4.91 GE CF6-80C2 A300-600, Boeing 747-400, MD-11, A310 4.97-5.31 RR Trent 700 A330 5.0 PW JT9D Boeing 747, Boeing 767, A310, DC-10 5.0 6 PROPULSIONE -
Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně
VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA STROJNÍHO INŽENÝRSTVÍ ÚSTAV AUTOMOBILNÍHO A DOPRAVNÍHO INZENYRSTVÍ FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING ZLEPSOVANI BRAYTONOVA OBEHU LETECKYCH PLYNOVYCH TURBIN Improving of Brayton Cycle For Aero Gas Engine BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE BACHELOR´S THESIS AUTOR PRÁCE RODRIGO ACEVEDO AUTHOR VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE ING. MIROSLAV ŠPLÍCHAL SUPERVISOR BRNO 2012 1 Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta strojního inženýrství Ústav automobilního a dopravního inženýrství Akademický rok: 2011/2012 ZADÁNÍ BAKALÁŘSKÉ PRÁCE student(ka): Rodrigo Acevedo který/která studuje v bakalářském studijním programu obor: Stavba strojů a zařízení (2302R016) Ředitel ústavu Vám v souladu se zákonem č.111/1998 o vysokých školách a se Studijním a zkušebním řádem VUT v Brně určuje následující téma bakalářské práce: Zlepšování Braytonova oběhu leteckých plynových turbín v anglickém jazyce: Improving of Brayton cycle for aero gas turbine Stručná charakteristika problematiky úkolu: Popsat ideální a skutečný oběh leteckých plynových turbín. Rozbor vlivu zařazení mezistupňového chlazení a regenerace. Popis realizace zlepšení parametrů oběhu u leteckých turbín. Cíle bakalářské práce: Rešerše parametrů oběhu aktuálně používaných leteckých plynových turbín. Rozbor termické účinnosti oběhu leteckých plynových turbín a návrh možných zlepšení. 2 Seznam odborné literatury: OTT, Adolf. Pohon letadel. první. Brno : Nakladatelství Vysokého učení technického v Brně, 1993. 168 s. ISBN 80-214-0522-8. ADAMEC, Josef; KOCÁB, Jindřich. Letadlové motory. Vyd. 2. Praha : Corona, 2008. ISBN 978-808-6116-549 WARD, Thomas A.; Aerospace propulsion systems, Sinagaporse : John Wiley & Sons, 2010, ISBN 978-0-470-82497-9 Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Ing. Miroslav Šplíchal Termín odevzdání bakalářské práce je stanoven časovým plánem akademického roku 2011/2012. -
We Want to Continue Innovating, Finding Newer Ways to Delight Our Customers and Redefine Air Travel.” — LESLIE THNG, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, VISTARA
FIRST BIOFUEL CIVIL AIRCRAFT SHOW POWERED FLIGHT MANUFACTURING REPORT: IN INDIA IN INDIA FIA 2018 P 11 P 16 P 22 AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2018 `100.00 (INDIA-BASED BUYER ONLY) VOLUME 11 • ISSUE 4 WWW.SPSAIRBUZ.COM ANAIRBUZ EXCLUSIVE MAGAZINE ON CIVIL AVIATION FROM INDIA EXCLUSIVE PAGE 8 “we wANT TO CONTINUE INNOVATING, FINDING NEWER WAYS TO DELIGHT OUR CUSTOMERS AND REDEFINE AIR TRAvel.” — LESLIE THNG, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, VISTARA AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION RNI NUMBER: DELENG/2008/24198 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXCLUSIVE COVER STORY / INTERVIEW P8 “we’re not chasing the COMPETITION, BUT CREATING A Cover: FIRST BIOFUEL CIVIL AIRCRAFT SHOW “Vistara has naturally inherited POWERED FLIGHT MANUFACTURING REPORT: IN INDIA IN INDIA FIA 2018 UNIQUE SPACE FOR OURSELVES IN P 11 P 16 P 22 very strong values and stands the market” AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2018 `100.00 (INDIA-BASED BUYER ONLY) VOLUME 11 • ISSUE 4 committed to delivering WWW.SPSAIRBUZ.COM ANAIRBUZ EXCLUSIVE MAGAZINE ON CIVIL AVIATION FROM INDIA EXCLUSIVE In an exclusive interview with Jayant customer-centricity at every PAGE 8 “WE WANT touchpoint,”says Leslie Thng, TO CONTINUE Baranwal, Editor-in-Chief of SP’s INNOVATING, FINDING CEO, Vistara, in an exclusive NEWER WAYS AirBuz, Leslie Thng, Chief Executive TO DELIGHT OUR CUSTOMERS with SP’s AirBuz. AND REDEFINE AIR TRAVEL.” Officer of Vistara shares his optimism — LESLIE THNG, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, Cover Photograph: VISTARA AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION and outlines his vision and plans for Vistara RNI NUMBER: DELENG/2008/24198 the future growth of the airlines. SP's AirBuz Cover 4-2018.indd 1 18/09/18 4:43 PM POLICY / AIR INDIA P14 AIR INDIA DISINVESTMENT Debate on Air India disinvestment though, has been on for over two decades and the failed attempt at disinvestment earlier this year, was an anticlimactic episode in the ongoing saga. -
Development of a Forecast Model for Global Air Traffic Emissions
Forschungsbericht 2012-08 Development of a Forecast Model for Global Air Traffic Emissions Martin Schaefer Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Antriebstechnik Köln 235 Seiten 137 Bilder 70 Tabellen 133 Literaturstellen Development of a Forecast Model for Global Air Traffic Emissions Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades Doktor-Ingenieur der Fakultät für Maschinenbau der Ruhr-Universität Bochum von Martin Schaefer aus Nürnberg Bochum 2012 Dissertation eingereicht am: 07. März 2012 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 29. Juni 2012 Erster Referent: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Mönig (Ruhr-Universität Bochum) Zweiter Referent: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Johannes Reichmuth (RWTH Aachen) PAGE I CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES............................................................................. V LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................. XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS...............................................................XIV PREFACE.....................................................................................XIX 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................1 1.1 Objectives of this Study ..............................................................................................1 1.2 Abstract of Methodology .............................................................................................1 1.3 Summary of Results ...................................................................................................4 1.3.1 Overview -
C Series A320neo
STEP-CHANGE Bombardier Airbus www.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com www.airbus.com C SERIES A320NEO BOMBARDIER’S ALL-NEW C SERIES AIRCRAFT, WHICH SEATS THE A320NEO (NEW ENGINE OPTION) IS THE LATEST OF MANY 100-150 PEOPLE, WAS DESIGNED AND PURPOSE-BUILT WITH PRODUCT UPGRADES AS AIRBUS CONTINUES TO INVEST OVER EFFICIENCY IN MIND AND WITH IMPRESSIVE CO2 SAVINGS $330 MILLION A YEAR IN INNOVATION AND UPGRADES FOR THE COMPARED TO THE AIRCRAFT IT REPLACES. A320 FAMILY. COMING IN THREE SIZES (A319NEO, A320NEO, A321NEO), THE AIRCRAFT SEAT FROM 100 TO 240 PASSENGERS. Composed of the CS100 and the larger CS300 aircraft, the The new aircraft’s test and certification campaign is in full gear C Series family combines a number of factors to ensure a following the milestone first flights performed with each of the dramatically-reduced environmental footprint, resulting in a highly-efficient aircraft’s two engine options: Pratt & Whitney 20% increase in fuel efficiency. PurePower PW1000G and the CFM International LEAP-1A. Thanks to the use of advanced structural materials, with an The first A320neo aircraft commenced the flight test advanced aluminium fuselage and composites wings, nacelle programme with a September 2014 maiden flight. Airbus and rear fuselage, nearly a tonne of weight has been saved. has sold almost 4,000 of the aircraft to over 70 different The aircraft’s structure has also been designed to provide customers, ensuring that airlines are getting the most the maximum aerodynamics, thereby reducing drag. Using fuel efficient aircraft in their fleets. Key innovations of the computer modelling programmes and advanced wind tunnel A320neo include latest-generation engines, Sharklet large testing, Bombardier has produced an aircraft family that is as wingtip devices and multiple cabin improvements. -
Ahead of Its Time 75 Years of MTU History
Annual Report 2008 Ahead of its time 75 years of MTU history. 100 years of aviation expertise. WorldReginfo - a6a23212-0bdc-4ce2-9f68-998dbc575eab Order backlog by segments (without consolidation) in € million Revenues by segments (without consolidation) in € million OEM MRO OEM MRO 2004 3,236.0 2,125.0 2004 1,375.6 575.9 2005 3,433.8 3,703.6 2005 1,434.8 766.9 2006 3,218.4 3,804.4 2006 1,483.1 954.7 2007 3,216.8 5,139.6 2007 1,599.5 1,004.7 2008 3,884.5 5,361.2 2008 1,642.9 1,113.0 EBITDA adjusted by segments (without consolidation) in € million Net profit in € million OEM MRO 2004 131.3 42.7 2004 0.2 2005 162.4 77.8 2005 32.8 2006 217.7 103.4 2006 89.1 2007 305.7 87.9 2007 154.1 2008 330.3 78.9 2008 179.7 WorldReginfo - a6a23212-0bdc-4ce2-9f68-998dbc575eab Selected consolidated financial information and key figures at a glance Change in € million (unless otherwise specified) 2008 - 2007 2008 2007 2006 Revenues and earnings Revenues 148.4 5.8 % 2,724.3 2,575.9 2,416.2 thereof: commercial and military engine business (OEM) 43.4 2.7 % 1,642.9 1,599.5 1,483.1 thereof: commercial maintenance business (MRO) 108.3 10.8 % 1,113.0 1,004.7 954.7 Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) 15.6 4.0 % 408.5 392.9 335.6 Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) 5.0 2.1 % 248.3 243.3 183.8 Net profit 25.6 16.6 % 179.7 154.1 89.1 Earnings (adjusted) Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA adjusted) 12.8 3.3 % 405.7 392.9 318.2 Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT adjusted) 18.4 5.9 % 331.0 312.6