CBD Sixth National Report
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The Clearing-House Mechanism of the Convention on Biological Diversity TH National Report for the Convention on 6Biological Diversity 1 2 Table of contents Section I. Information on the targets being pursued at the national level ............................ 4 Section II. Implementation measures, their effectiveness, and associated obstacles and scientific and technical needs to achieve national targets..................................................20 Section III. Assessment of progress towards each national target ......................................24 Section IV. Description of national contribution to the achievement of each global Aichi Biodiversity Target........................................................................................................... 80 Section V. Description of the national contribution to the achievement of the targets of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation ........................................................................... 108 Section VI. Description of the national contribution to the achievement of the targets of indigenous peoples and local communities...................................................................... 122 Section VII. Updated biodiversity country profile ............................................................. 173 3 Sixth National Report PUBLISHED: 29 APR 2020 Section I. Information on the targets being pursued at the national level Country Brazil National Targets National Target 1: By 2020, at the latest, Brazilian people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably. Rationale for the National Target The National Target 1 mirrors the Aichi Target 1 and intends to improve the population’s knowledge about the values of biodiversity and the measures the population can adopt to conserve and use biodiversity sustainably. The National Target 1 reflects the important concern with people’s awareness and with how these people influence individual and collective decisions,om fr small consumer’s choices to the greater decisions about public investments and policies. It is believed that greater awareness about the values of biodiversity will lead to better decisions, both at the individual level and at the public policies level. The target is divided in two components: ES 1. Awareness of the values of biodiversity by the Brazilian population. 2. Awareness of the measures the population can adopt to conserve biodiversity and to use it sustainably. The National Target 1 counts with 102 actions in the NBSAP action plan, focusing mainly on environmental education; publication of reports; and workshops. To know more about all the actions, see Section II and Annex I - Monitoring the NBSAP Action Plan.xlsx Level of application Jurisdiction National / Federal Relevance of National Targets to Aichi Targets Aichi Target components 1. Awareness of biodiversity values Relevant documents and information To know more about the National Targets development process, go to Section VII, Additional Information. ES 4 National Target 2: By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values, geo-diversity values, and socio-diversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction and inequality reduction strategies, and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and into planning procedures and reporting systems. Rationale for the National Target The National Target 2 mirrors the Aichi Target 2 and has the objective of integrating the values of biodiversity into development processes. The National Target 2 differs omfr Aichi Target 2 in that it incorporates the geo-diversity and socio-diversity components and promotes de reduction of inequalities. The National Target 2 strengthens the interdependence between development and biodiversity, increasing the value of biodiversity for the poorest segments of society and for governments, increasing the potential of their contribution and increasing perception of these values, as discussed in Target 1. ES The target is divided in two components: 1. Integration of biodiversity values, geo-diversity values, and socio-diversity values into national and local development and poverty reduction and inequality reduction strategies. 2. Incorporation of biodiversity values, geo-diversity values, and socio-diversity values into national accounting, as appropriate, and into planning procedures and reporting systems. The National Target 2 counts with 63 actions in the NBSAP action plan, focusing mainly on territorial management; methods for prioritizing areas; and national accounting and poverty eradication. Level of application Jurisdiction National / Federal Relevance of National Targets to Aichi Targets Aichi Target components 2. Integration of biodiversity values Relevant documents and information To know more about the National Targets development process, go to Section VII, Additional Information. ES National Target 3: By 2020, at the latest, incentives harmful to biodiversity, including the so-called perverse subsidies, are eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize negative impacts. Positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed and applied, consistent and in harmony with the CBD, taking into account national and regional socio economic conditions. Rationale for the National Target National Target 3 mirrors Aichi Target 3 and has the objective of eliminating harmful incentives and implement positive incentives for biodiversity. The National Target 3 addresses fiscal andedit cr ES incentives, and subsidies that may be harmful or positive to biodiversity. The target intends to 5 encourage the employment of positive incentives, implicitly including fiscal incentives (tax deductions), credit, subsidies and payments for ecosystem services, to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. The target is divided in two components: 1. Incentives that may harmfully affect biodiversity, including the so-called perverse subsidies, are eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize negative impacts. 2. Positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed and applied, consistent and in harmony with the CBD, taking into account national and regional economic conditions. Target 3 counts with 43 actions in the NBSAP action plan, focusing mainly on land tenure regularization; Integration between environmental aspects and private sector; Environmental Reserve Certificates (CRA – Cotas de Reserva Ambiental); Ecological ICMS; Environmental Regularization Programs (PRA– Programas de Regularização Ambiental); and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES). Level of application Jurisdiction National / Federal Relevance of National Targets to Aichi Targets Aichi Target components 3. Incentives Relevant documents and information To know more about the National Targets development process, go to Section VII, Additional Information. ES National Target 4: By 2020, at the latest, governments, private sector and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption to mitigate or prevent negative impacts from the use of natural resources. Rationale for the National Target The National Target 4 mirrors the Aichi Target 4 and has the objective of promoting sustainable production and consumption. This target has two objectives: the adoption of the strategy (sustainable production and consumption plans) and the achievement of the desired outcomes (reduce the impacts from the use of natural resources). The achievement of the desired outcomes is broadly defined and can be interpreted as the use of natural resources within safe ecological thresholds. The target comprises one component: ES 1. Governments, private sector and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption to mitigate or prevent negative impacts from the use of natural resources. The National Target 4 counts with 45 actions in the NBSAP action plan, mainly focused on the management of concession contracts; quality seals; and waste management and ecosystem services. 6 Level of application Jurisdiction National / Federal Relevance of National Targets to Aichi Targets Aichi Target components 4. Use of natural resources Relevant documents and information To know more about the National Targets development process, go to Section VII, Additional Information. ES National Target 5: By 2020, the rate of loss of native habitats is reduced by at least 50% (in comparison with the 2009 rate) and, as much as possible, brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly educedr in all biomes. Rationale for the National Target The National Target 5 mirrors the Aichi Target 5 and has the objective to reduce the loss of native habitats and promote monitoring action and deforestation control. The conversion of native habitats into alternative land use is the main cause of biodiversity loss in Brazil and has traditionally represented a means to appropriate land. The National Target 5 establishes parameters for reducing the conversion of habitats at the Brazilian biomes. The target comprises six components: 1. Reduction of the rate of loss of native habitats by at least 50% (in comparison with the 2009 rate) in the Amazon. 2. Reduction of the rate of loss of native habitats by at least 50% (in comparison with the 2009 ES rate) in the Cerrado.