DOCSLIB.ORG

Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas Volume 2003 Article 1 2003 Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas Russell D. Greaves Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Greaves, Russell D. (2003) "Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2003, Article 1. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.2003.1.1 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2003/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2003/iss1/1 Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas by Russell D. Greaves with contributions by Raymond P. Mauldin and Bryant Saner, Jr. Adjutant General’s Department of Texas Center for Archaeological Research Directorate of Facilities and Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio Environmental Branch, Austin, Texas Archaeological Survey Report, No. 330 2003 Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas Russell D. Greaves Center for Archaeological Research-UTSA ASR #330 2003 Camp Maxey V Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites on the Camp Maxey Training Facility, Lamar County, Texas by Russell D. Greaves with contributions by Raymond P. Mauldin and Bryant Saner, Jr. Texas Antiquities Committee Permit No. 2809 Steve A. Tomka Principal Investigator Prepared for: Prepared by: Adjutant General’s Department of Texas Center for Archaeological Research Directorate of Facilities and Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio Environmental Branch, Austin, Texas Archaeological Survey Report, No. 330 http://www.agtx-ev.pollution.org http://car.utsa.edu ©copyright 2003 The following information is provided in accordance with the General Rules of Practice and Procedure, Chapter 26.24 (Investigative Reports), Texas Antiquities Committee: 1. Type of investigation: Survey and testing 2. Project name: Camp Maxey V, Testing of Seven (7) Sites 3. County: Lamar 4. Principal investigator: Steve A. Tomka 5. Name and location of sponsoring agency: Texas Army National Guard, Cultural Resources, P.O. Box 5218, Austin, TX 78763-5218 6. Texas Antiquities Permit No.: 2809 7. Published by the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 6900 N. Loop 1604 W., San Antonio, Texas 78249-0658, 2003 A list of publications offered by the Center for Archaeological Research is available. Call (210) 458-4378; write to the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 6900 N. Loop 1604 W., San Antonio, Texas 78249-0658; e-mail to [email protected]; or visit CAR’s web site at http://car.utsa.edu. Camp Maxey V: Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites Abstract Abstract: From May to June 2002, the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR), The University of Texas at San Antonio, under contract with Texas Army National Guard (TXARNG), conducted National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) and State Archeological Landmark (SAL) eligibility testing at selected sites within the Camp Maxey training facility in north Lamar County, Texas. The purpose of the current investigations was to assess, through excavation of backhoe trenches, shovel tests, and excavation units, the archaeological significance and NRHP and SAL eligibility of seven prehistoric sites (41LR137, 41LR214, 41LR222, 41LR225, 41LR233, 41LR244, and 41LR254) determined potentially eligible during a previous survey effort. This work was performed under Texas Antiquities Permit Number 2809 issued to Dr. Steve A. Tomka, Principal Investigator for the current testing phase of continuing contractual obligations of archaeological investigations at Camp Maxey through TXARNG. All seven sites are considered ineligible for NRHP listing or SAL designation. i Table of Contents Camp Maxey V: Archaeological Testing of Seven Sites Table of Contents: Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................................................... i Figures ......................................................................................................................................................................................... iii Tables ............................................................................................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................................................... v Chapter 1: Introduction and Problem Orientation Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................1 Research Issues and Historic Contexts ...................................................................................................................................1 Project History and Site Significance Considerations ............................................................................................................6 Sites Examined During the Current Project ...........................................................................................................................6 Scope of the Proposed Archaeological Work ........................................................................................................................8 Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................9 Report Organization .............................................................................................................................................................10 Chapter 2: Environmental Background Environmental Background .................................................................................................................................................. 11 Chapter 3: Culture History Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................................13 Cultural Setting ....................................................................................................................................................................14 Archaeological Background ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 4: Archaeological Field and Laboratory Methods Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................................19 Mechanical Excavations .......................................................................................................................................................19 Manual Excavations .............................................................................................................................................................20 Soil Profiling and Magnetic Sediment Susceptibility Sampling...........................................................................................21 Laboratory Methods .............................................................................................................................................................22 Chapter 5: Archaeological Site Descriptions and Results of Testing Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................................25 Site Descriptions ..................................................................................................................................................................25 41LR137............................................................................................................................................................................25 41LR214............................................................................................................................................................................38
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Teaching the First American Civilization Recognizing the Moundbui
    The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies Volume 77 Article 2 Number 2 Volume 77 No. 2 (2016) June 2016 Teaching The irsF t American Civilization Recognizing The oundM builders as a Great Native-American Civilization Jack Zevin Queens College/CUNY Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor Part of the Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Methods Commons, Elementary Education Commons, Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, Geography Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, and the Pre- Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons Recommended Citation Zevin, Jack (2016) "Teaching The irF st American Civilization Recognizing The oundM builders as a Great Native-American Civilization," The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies: Vol. 77 : No. 2 , Article 2. Available at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor/vol77/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in The ouncC ilor: A Journal of the Social Studies by an authorized editor of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Zevin: Teaching The First American Civilization Recognizing The Moundbui Teaching The First American Civilization Recognizing The Moundbuilders as a Great Native-American Civilization Jack Zevin Queens College/CUNY The Moundbuilders are a culture of mystery, little recognized by most Americans, yet they created farms, villages, towns, and cities covering as much as a third of the United States. Social studies teachers have yet to mine the resources left us over thousands of years by the native artisans and builders who preceded the nations European explorers came into contact with after 1492.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Anthropology the University of South Florida 4202 E
    T H O M A S J. P L U C K H A H N Department of Anthropology The University of South Florida 4202 E. Fowler Ave., SOC107 Tampa, FL 33620-8100 [email protected] 813-549-9742 EDUCATION Ph.D., 2002, Anthropology, University of Georgia. M.A., 1994, Anthropology, University of Georgia. B.A., 1988, cum laude with Honors, Anthropology (Spanish minor), University of Georgia. ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 2017-present Professor. Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida. 2014-2017 Associate Chair. Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida. 2010-2017 Associate Professor. Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida. 2006-2010 Assistant Professor. Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida. 2004-2006 Assistant Professor. Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma. 2003-2004 Visiting Assistant Professor. Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma. 2001-2002 Instructor. Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia. 1996-2002 Graduate Teaching Assistant. Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia. OTHER PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 1994-2003 Senior Archaeologist. Southeastern Archeological Services, Inc., Athens, Georgia. 1999 Field Supervisor. Mixteca Alta Settlement Pattern Survey, Oaxaca, Mexico (study funded by the National Science Foundation). 1994 Consulting Archaeologist. Southern Research, Fort Stewart Military Reservation, Georgia. 1993-1994 Project Archaeologist. Brockington and Associates, Norcross, Georgia. 1989-1992 Archaeological field technician for various firms and agencies in the eastern United States and Europe. PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS Society for American Archaeology, 1992-present Southeastern Archaeological Conference, 1992-present (lifetime member since 2010) Florida Archaeological Council, 2006-present Florida Anthropological Society, 2007-present Society for Georgia Archaeology, 1994-present Georgia Council of Professional Archaeologists, 1995-1999 THOMAS J.
    [Show full text]
  • Monks Mound—Center of the Universe? by John Mcclarey
    GUEST ESSAY Monks Mound—Center of the universe? By John McClarey hyperbole or a facsimile? I think the case can be made that Monks Mound and the entire Alayout of this ancient metropolis in the H American Bottom near East St. Louis was a facsimile or model of Cahokia’s place in the cosmos, similar to the Black Hills as a “mirror or heaven” or the heart of all that is.” These are good metaphors to describe Cahokia’s center in the three-layer cake concept of the universe—the Underworld, the Earth, and the Sky. Cahokia by the 12th century B.C.E., was the place for people to connect with the spirits of this sacred sphere. In this article I will identify the sacred elements that made this place special to local and non-local populations and the role of the Birdman chiefs, priests, and shamans to interpret this unique place as a center in a larger world. Additionally, I identify the similarities of Cahokia as a a sacred place to other societies at different times and places. My fascination with Cahokia Mounds developed over a period of time with many visits from the early 1970s to the present. Briefly, Cahokia was the largest America city north of Mexico before the coming of the Europeans in the 15th cen- tury. It is believed that Cahokia was a political, religious, and economic center for perhaps as many as 500,000 Indians in the Mississippi Valley. It was a planned city with everything the world and in all religions, but the focus here is on the laid out on the cardinal points on the compass, Monks Cahokia Mounds in southern Illinois and cross culture Mound, the largest mound at the center, served as the official comparisons, Cahokia’s unique story includes the cruciform residence of the Great Sun god or Birdman deity.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Oklahoma
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE WISTER AREA FOURCHE MALINE: A CONTESTED LANDSCAPE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By SIMONE BACHMAI ROWE Norman, OKlahoma 2014 WISTER AREA FOURCHE MALINE: A CONTESTED LANDSCAPE A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY BY ______________________________ Dr. Lesley RanKin-Hill, Co-Chair ______________________________ Dr. Don Wyckoff, Co-Chair ______________________________ Dr. Diane Warren ______________________________ Dr. Patrick Livingood ______________________________ Dr. Barbara SafiejKo-Mroczka © Copyright by SIMONE BACHMAI ROWE 2014 All Rights Reserved. This work is dedicated to those who came before, including my mother Nguyen Thi Lac, and my Granny (Mildred Rowe Cotter) and Bob (Robert Cotter). Acknowledgements I have loved being a graduate student. It’s not an exaggeration to say that these have been the happiest years of my life, and I am incredibly grateful to everyone who has been with me on this journey. Most importantly, I would like to thank the Caddo Nation and the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes for allowing me to work with the burials from the Akers site. A great big thank you to my committee members, Drs. Lesley Rankin-Hill, Don Wyckoff, Barbara Safjieko-Mrozcka, Patrick Livingood, and Diane Warren, who have all been incredibly supportive, helpful, and kind. Thank you also to the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, where most of this work was carried out. I am grateful to many of the professionals there, including Curator of Archaeology Dr. Marc Levine and Collections Manager Susie Armstrong-Fishman, as well as Curator Emeritus Don Wyckoff, and former Collection Managers Liz Leith and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Spiro Farming: Corn, Squash and Beans Build a Mighty Trade Center
    Spiro Farming: Corn, Squash and Beans Build a Mighty Trade Center Objective Students will read about farming practices among the people who populated the area around Spiro Mounds. Students will research to learn more about Spiro culture and other prehistoric farming cultures in Oklahoma. Students will identify the region in the US occupied by Mississippian culture. Students will trace the trade route along rivers and tributaries that joined the Spiro Mounds people with Mississippian ceremonial centers back east. Materials • sunflower seeds • paper plates • US map Background Archaeology is the study of the human past through material remains. Archaeologists study food remains —animal bones and charred seeds and nutshell —to learn what people ate long ago. They study ancient digging sticks, Oklahoma stone axes, arrowheads and hoe blades, pottery, grinding stones and other artifacts Academic to learn how they captured, collected, and processed their food. To learn about people who lived before there were written records, archaeologists sometimes dig Standards into the earth to find those remains. HIGH SCHOOL One of the most important archaeological sites in the US is in Oklahoma. Speaking and Listening: Spiro Mounds is a group of 12 earthen mounds on the Arkansas River in LeFlore R.1,2,3; W.1,2. Reading County. From 800 AD to 1500 AD Spiro was a major trade center of a culture and Writing Process: known to archaeologists as “Mississippian Culture.” Much of its success came R.1,3. Research: R.1,2,3; from the development of crops, mostly corn, squash and beans, and from trade W.1,2,3,4 with many different cultures across the Americas.
    [Show full text]
  • Prehistoric Gateway…Present Day Enigma
    PREHISTORIC GATEWAY PRESENT-DAY ENIGMA A tra'\Teling exhibition pret:!ented by the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History (formerly Stovall Museum of Science and History) and the Oklahoma Archaeological Survey Powers Fort \ The Mound builders of North America circa A.D. 900-1500 Spiro Mounds Prehistoric gateway. Present-day enigma The mou nd~ Pl Spiro, Oklahoma. arc nmong the nowned In 80utheastem North America between most lDlp<.lrlant ArchaooJoglcal remains In the A.D. 900 and Circa 1400. ""hen Spl r o'~ inhabitantll United State~. A remarkable a~sem b lage of art;. de"elo~d political, re li~ iou s and economiC in­ fneU! from the mOllnds ;;howe that prulu,l.(lI"ic Spiro $titutiun ~ with for_reaching influence on societie.. people crelltoo P 80phiRticalcd cultu re which in­ from the Plains and the Mis~i8slppi v-..Jlcy to much f1uented theentireSouthaast. There ...asan e:rlen­ of whal Ii now the 8Outhea;t.cm l"mled Sialel'. si\'1l trade ne~'\Irk. a hill' hly dcwloped rebgiouR B~au"" SpiroonR maintained such praclieet a~ Ii center, und a political system which controlled the mound con~ t ruct i on, leadernh'p of pr i e>rt·chi ef~, reKion. Locl\ted on a bend of the Arkansas River, horticul~ure (of corn, beanR and sqUlIJ'lh l, and Ii the si te was a nplurn] gate"'&,1o' between lIOCictie<l UI reh~oUlltrad i tion (the "Southern CuIC) common the (!alIl and the ...-cst, a gatc ..'oy a l whIch Splm to the Sou thea~t. they were an example of what people c:<erted their influence.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape
    Volume 2010 Article 19 2010 Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape Robert L. Brooks Unknown Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Brooks, Robert L. (2010) "Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2010, Article 19. https://doi.org/ 10.21112/.ita.2010.1.19 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2010/iss1/19 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2010/iss1/19 Robert L. Brooks Dz dzǤ Ǥ ǡϐ
    [Show full text]
  • SPIRO MOUNDS Prehistoric Gateway ... Present-Day Enigma
    DIRECTIONS: In your group, you are to read aloud (but at a low level since there will be other groups reading aloud as well). You make take turns reading, if you want. After you have finished the reading, you are to go back to your desk and work individually in your Interactive Notebook. You are to write and illustrate a story describing your life as a member of the Spiro village. On pg 13 of the Notebook – Write and illustrate a story describing your life as a member of the Spiro village. A good entry will be about ¾ page long with a detailed illustration. SPIRO MOUNDS Prehistoric Gateway ... Present-day Enigma The mounds at Spiro, Oklahoma, are among the most important archaeological remains in the United States. A remarkable assemblage of artifacts from the mounds shows that prehistoric Spiro people created a sophisticated culture which influenced the entire Southeast. There was an extensive trade network, a highly developed religious center, and a political system which controlled the region. Located on a bend of the Arkansas River, the site was a natural gateway between societies to the east and the west, a gateway at which Spiro people exerted their influence. Yet much of the Spiro culture is still a mystery, including the reasons for the decline and abandonment of the site. Today, the Spiro site and artifacts are among Oklahoma's richest cultural resources, and the site is Oklahoma's only National Historic Landmark. This archaeological site includes the remains of a village and eleven earthen mounds. Although various groups of people had camped on or near the Spiro area since early prehistoric times, the location did not become a permanent settlement until approximately A.D.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Esnesv</I>: Indigenous Oral Traditions About Trader‐
    AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST RESEARCH ARTICLE Tales of Esnesv: Indigenous Oral Traditions about Trader-Diplomats in Ancient Southeastern North America Lee Bloch ABSTRACT Material assemblages excavated from sites across eastern North America indicate the existence of ancient exchange networks that once spanned from the Gulf Coast to the Great Lakes and from the Atlantic to the Ozarks. Yet identifying specific mechanisms of trade is more difficult. This article investigates oral traditions about esnesv—persons who acted as travelers, traders, diplomats, and acolytes—told in a Native American community in the US South whose members identify as of Muskogee (Creek) ancestry. Esnesv traveled great distances, enjoyed impunity in enemy territories, facilitated exchanges of knowledge and materials with important celestial qualities, and mediated peacemaking between peoples. Esnesv stories provide Indigenous perspectives on ancient exchange and diplomacy practices as a historically particular and archaeologically viable alternative to elite-controlled trade models. These stories describe trade goods that are simultaneously of earth and sky, furthering archaeological understandings of landscape and cosmology by rethinking difference, distance, and materiality. Esnesv threaded earthly fragments of the sky and Milky Way through peoples’ relationships with foreign others, making exchange and peace within a world of roads connecting diverse, place-based lifeways. In doing so, they rebalanced the world, facilitating circulations of mobile landscapes and cosmic substances that generated new connectivities and ways of being. [oral traditions, exchange, decolonizing methodologies, Native American and Indigenous peoples, North America] RESUMEN Los ensamblajes materiales excavados de sitios a traves´ de Norteamerica´ oriental indican la existencia de redes antiguas de intercambio que una vez se extendieron desde la costa del Golfo a los Grandes Lagos y desde el Atlantico´ a los Ozarks.
    [Show full text]
  • Oklahoma Indian Country Guide in This Edition of Newspapers in Education
    he American Indian Cultural Center and Museum (AICCM) is honored Halito! Oklahoma has a unique history that differentiates it from any other Tto present, in partnership with Newspapers In Education at The Oklahoman, state in the nation. Nowhere else in the United States can a visitor hear first the Native American Heritage educational workbook. Workbooks focus on hand-accounts from 39 different American Indian Tribal Nations regarding the cultures, histories and governments of the American Indian tribes of their journey from ancestral homelands, or discover how Native peoples have Oklahoma. The workbooks are published twice a year, around November contributed and woven their identities into the fabric of contemporary Oklahoma. and April. Each workbook is organized into four core thematic areas: Origins, Oklahoma is deeply rooted in American Indian history and heritage. We hope Native Knowledge, Community and Governance. Because it is impossible you will use this guide to explore our great state and to learn about Okla- to cover every aspect of the topics featured in each edition, we hope the Humma. (“Red People” in the Choctaw language.)–Gena Timberman, Esq., workbooks will comprehensively introduce students to a variety of new subjects and ideas. We hope you will be inspired to research and find out more information with the help of your teachers and parents as well as through your own independent research. The American Indian Cultural Center and Museum would like to give special thanks to the Oklahoma Tourism & Recreation Department for generously permitting us to share information featured in the Oklahoma Indian Country Guide in this edition of Newspapers in Education.
    [Show full text]
  • The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas
    Volume 2021 Article 1 2021 The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas Timothy K. Perttula None Duncan McKinnon Scott Hammerstedt University of Oklahoma Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Perttula, Timothy K.; McKinnon, Duncan; and Hammerstedt, Scott (2021) "The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2021, Article 1. ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2021/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2021/iss1/1 1 The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas Compiled by Timothy K.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by SFA ScholarWorks Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State Volume 2010 Article 19 2010 Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape Robert L. Brooks Unknown Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Repository Citation Brooks, Robert L. (2010) "Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2010 , Article 19. https://doi.org/ 10.21112/.ita.2010.1.19 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2010/iss1/19 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature
    [Show full text]