WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH COUNCIL

AIR QUALITY REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

PROGRESS REPORT

FOR 2007

Executive Summary

This report has been prepared as part of Wrexham County Borough Councils (WCBC) Air Quality Management Strategy as required under the Environment Act 1995. The overall aims of this report are to:

• Report progress on the implementation of the Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) plan • Report progress in maintaining the pollution concentrations below the Air Quality objectives (see Appendix 1)

This report has been prepared in accordance with Progress Report Guidance LAQM.PRG(03).

The Progress Report for 2006 concluded that:

1. No detailed assessment is required with respect to any of the pollutants identified in the Air Quality Strategy and predictions for future years indicate that the Air Quality objectives will be met at all locations in Wrexham County Borough Council.

2. That there has not been any change in local circumstances to indicate a possible exceedence of the air quality standards and objectives.

3. That potential changes in local circumstances will most likely relate to increases in traffic (e.g. as a result on increased housing development) at sensitive locations.

The Progress Report also stated that:

• WCBC will continue its monitoring program to confirm the findings of the report. • The co-location study into the Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tubes located at the Victoria Road AURN station will continue.

This Progress report concludes:

1) The findings of the 2007 progress Report continue to remain valid. 2) There has not been a change in local circumstances, which may indicate a possible exceedence.

1 Contents

Page

1 Introduction 3

2 Summary of previous review and assessment work 4

3 Monitoring results i – Benzene 6 ii – 1,3 Butadiene 7 iii – Carbon Monoxide 7 iv – Lead 7 v – Nitrogen Dioxide 8 vi – Ozone 12 vii – Particulate matter (PM10) 13 viii – Sulphur Dioxide 14

4 New local developments i – New Industrial Developments 16 ii – New Residential / Retail Developments 16 iii – New Landfills / Quarry’s sites 16 iv – Roads 16

6 Summary of Key points and future actions. 17

Appendices 1 The National Air Quality Objectives (Air Quality Standards) 2 i – Diffusion tubes locations (table) ii– Diffusion tubes location (map) iii– Particulate matter monitoring locations and AURN station 3 NO2 Diffusion tube Bias Adjustment Factor & Lab details

2 Introduction

This report has been prepared by Wrexham County Borough Council as part of its obligations under the Environmental Protection Act, 1995, to assess local air quality.

Part IV of the Environment Act, 1995, places a statutory duty on local authorities to periodically review and assess the air quality within their area. This involves consideration of present and likely future air quality, against air quality standards and objectives. Guidelines for the ‘Review and Assessment’ of local air quality were published in the 1997 National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) and associated guidance and technical guidance. In 2000 the Government reviewed the NAQS and set down a revised Air Quality Strategy (AQS) for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. This set down a revised framework for air quality standards and objectives for seven pollutants, which were subsequently set in Regulation in 2000 through the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000. These were subsequently amended in 2002. The National Assembly for Wales has responsibility for meeting air quality objectives in Wales by their target dates.

The progress report is designed to: • Report progress on the implementation of the Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) plan • Report progress in maintaining the pollution concentrations below the Air Quality objectives (see Appendix 1) This report has been prepared in accordance with Progress Report Guidance LAQM.PRG(03).

3 Summary of Previous Review and Assessment Work

The first stage of review and assessment was carried out in 1999 / 2000 and made the following recommendation:

This report has identified two pollutants, particulates (PM10) and Nitrogen dioxide (N02), which may not meet the Air Quality standards, adopted by the Government. It is therefore necessary to carry out a stage 2 review and assessment. This will include the collation of data with regard to traffic emissions and further monitoring of particulates (PM10) and Nitrogen dioxide. The current air quality monitoring carried out as part of Wrexham County Borough Council’s Air Quality Strategy will continue and will be expanded in those areas where further monitoring is required. The methodology will be described within the scope of the second stage review and assessment.

Based on the recommendations of the first round of review and assessment Wrexham County Borough Council proceeded to the second stage of review and assessment, which presented the following conclusion:

The Stage 2 assessment has indicated that background air quality will improve up to 2005 throughout the County Borough. The review and assessment process has demonstrated that the predicted emissions from traffic growth have a limited impact on air quality within Wrexham over the next three years. The predictions were carried out to determine a worst case situation. The exceedence of the PM10 and the N02 objective from road sources is unlikely at any relevant location. This situation will continue to be reviewed annually as part of the air quality strategy and in the event of any proposed major new development. However, it is recognised that future increased traffic growth may challenge air quality in Wales and the rest of the UK and therefore this situation will need ongoing review. The local sources of pollutants for PM10, and SO2 which are considered to require a Stage 3 assessment are not expected to give rise to an exceedence of the air quality objective by 2004 / 2005.

The stage two review and assessment commented that there was insufficient monitoring data to be confident that the Air Quality Objectives would not be breached for PM10 and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). Hence Wrexham County Borough Council proceeded to the third stage of Review and assessment, which made the following conclusion:

The Stage 3 Assessment has indicated elevated particulate emissions from local domestic coal burning in the village of Llay. The results of the investigation indicate that the air quality standard and objective for particulate emissions in Llay may be exceeded.

The Public Protection Department of Wrexham County Borough Council will recommend the declaration of an Air Quality Management Area for Llay. This will include the production of a Stage 4 Report and the implementation of an Air Quality Action Plan during 2002.

An Air Quality Action Plan was implemented in 2003, which introduced a gas supply into the village of Llay. This had the effect of lowering the PM10 levels in the village and bringing them within the national guideline levels. This removed the need to declare an Air Quality Management Area in Llay.

4

Updating and Screening Assessment (USA) and addendum completed in 2004 concluded:

Results of the screening assessment have shown that no detailed assessment is required with respect to emissions arising from all sources assessed - predictions of air quality in relevant future years indicate that the current air quality objectives will be met at all receptors in Wrexham County Borough.

The USA also stated that:

WCBC will continue with its monitoring programme to confirm the findings of this report. Further work will be undertaken with respect to the performance of diffusion tubes through the use of triplicate tubes at the continuous roadside-monitoring site.

The Progress Report completed in 2005 concluded:

That there has not been any change in local circumstances to indicate a possible exceedence of the air quality standards and objectives.

The introduction of a domestic gas supply into the coal-burning region of Llay has had the effect of reducing the PM10 levels, and as a result has improved the Air Quality in the village.

The Updating and Screening Assessment (USA) completed in 2006 concluded that:

No detailed assessment is required with respect to any of the pollutants identified in the Air Quality Strategy and predictions for future years indicate that the Air Quality objectives will be met at all locations in Wrexham County Borough Council.

That there has not been any change in local circumstances to indicate a possible exceedence of the air quality standards and objectives.

That potential changes in local circumstances will most likely relate to increases in traffic (e.g. as a result on increased housing development) at sensitive locations.

The Progress Report completed in 2007 concluded that:

That there has not been any change in local circumstances to indicate a possible exceedence of the air quality standards and objectives.

The Progress Report also stated that:

WCBC will continue its monitoring program to confirm the findings of the report.

The co-location study into the Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tubes located at the Victoria Road AURN station will continue.

The above reports can be accessed at Wrexham County Borough Councils website http://www.wrexham.gov.uk/english/environment/air_quality/index.htm

5 Monitoring Results

(i) Benzene

There is currently no national network Benzene monitoring being undertaken in North Wales (source www.welshairquality.co.uk).

Benzene is monitored for with diffusion tubes at two locations in the County Borough: Llwyneinion Road in Rhosllanerchrugog (Rhos) Grosvenor Road in Wrexham town

Benzene Annual Mean Concentration µgm³ Location 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Rhos - - - - - 1.2 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 Wrexham 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.8

A plot of the above data gives the following trends.

Annual Mean Benzene Levels

5 4 3 Rhos 2 Wrexham 1 0 Benzene Level µgm³ Level Benzene 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 Year

The Benzene concentrations recorded at Grosvenor Road (Wrexham town) are showing a downward trend. This trend is mirrored at the Rhos monitoring site.

Using the method outlined in LAQM.TG(03) the following projections to the objective year can be made for mean annual Benzene levels at the two monitoring locations:

Projected annual mean Benzene Concentration µgm³ Location 2008 2009 2010

Rhos 0.3 0.3 0.3 Wrexham 0.6 0.5 0.5

This demonstrates that the recorded levels of Benzene and the projected levels will be within the standards set by the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002.

6 (ii) 1,3-Butadiene

There is currently no national network for 1,3-Butadiene monitoring in North Wales (source www.welshairquality.co.uk).

Wrexham County Borough Council does not monitor for 1,3-Butadiene as no significant sources exist within the County Borough and none were identified during 2007.

(iii) Carbon Monoxide

Wrexham County Borough Council is part of the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) for Air Quality. With Carbon Monoxide (CO) being one of the pollutants monitored at Wrexham. There are no other automatic network site monitoring for Carbon Monoxide in North Wales (source www.welshairquality.co.uk). Due to changes in the Network during 2007 the CO analyser was discontinued in Wrexham on 30th September 2007.

Monitoring has shown that there have been no exceedences of the CO objective since monitoring began. The eight hour averages since the start of monitoring are:

Year % Data Capture Maximum Daily 8 Hour Mean. mgm³

20021 98.1 0.6 2003 98.7 0.6 2004 98.9 0.4 2005 98.7 2.28 2006 95.9 1.81 20072 94.3 1.94

1 – Monitoring did not start in 2002 until March 6th. Hence the 2002 data quoted above is for this point on (i.e. almost 10 months) 2 – The data for 2007 is included until 30th September. The CO monitoring was discontinued on this date due to changes in the Automatic Monitoring Network.

The data for 2006 has now been updated from the report published in 2007 to reflect that the data has since been ratified for the whole year.

(iv) Lead

There is currently no automatic Lead monitoring being undertaken in North Wales (source www.welshairquality.co.uk).

Wrexham County Borough Council does not monitor for Lead as no significant sources exist within the County Borough.

7 (v) Nitrogen Dioxide

Wrexham County Borough Council is part of the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) for Air Quality. With Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) being one of the pollutants monitored for at Wrexham.

Monitoring has shown that there have been no exceedences of the NO2 objective since monitoring began. The average annual readings since the start of monitoring are:

AURN Air Quality Station

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture NO2 level µgm³ exceedences of the 1 hour mean

20021 94.4 24.0 0 2003 97.6 25.4 0 2004 94.7 20.3 0 2005 95.6 19.0 0 2006 94.4 20.8 0 2007 91.9 19.6 0

1 – Monitoring did not start in 2002 until March 6th. Hence the 2002 data quoted is for this point on (i.e. almost 10 months).

The data for 2006 has now been updated from the report published in 2007 to reflect that the data has been ratified for the whole year.

As five years of monitoring data now exists for the AURN site at Wrexham a trend chart has been generated and is shown below:

Nitrogen Dioxide Trend levels at W rexham AURN

30

25

20

15 Levels µgm³ Levels

2 10

NO 5

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Monitoring Year

The above chart shows that the results for the AURN site have been reasonably consistent over the six years of monitoring.

8

Wrexham County Borough Council also maintains and operates its own air quality station sited in Isycoed, which started monitoring at the beginning of 2006. This station also monitors for Nitrogen Dioxide levels.

Isycoed Air Quality Station

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture NO2 level µgm³ exceedences of the 1 hour mean

2006 94.6 9.6 0 2007 92.2 7.6 0

An error was identified in the 2007 Progress report with data ratification. This has now been corrected and results shown above for 2006 are corrected.

Using the method outlined in LAQM.TG(03) the following projections for future years can be made for the annual mean Nitrogen Dioxide levels at the two automatic air quality sites:

Projected Annual Mean NO2 Concentration µgm³ Location 2008 2009 2010

AURN 15.7 12.0 8.8 Isycoed 6.1 4.7 3.4

The above tables show that there are no exceedences of the annual mean or one hour objective. The projected annual mean table also shows that there are not expected to be any exceedences up to 2010 at either the AURN or Isycoed monitoring sites.

Wrexham County Borough Council also monitors for NO2 with diffusion tubes at fifteen locations throughout the County Borough.

As well as this, a triplicate co-location study with diffusion tubes was carried out at the Victoria road AURN station in 2007. The co-location study has shown that a Bias Adjustment Factor (BAF) of 0.94 should be applied to the 2007 diffusion tubes results (see Appendix 3). However, for one month in the monitoring year (June) there is no data for the co-location study. For this reason the spreadsheet listing the BAF’s on the Review and Assessment section of the University of West England website was consulted and a BAF of 0.90 is recommended based on the submitted results:

9 Measured Corrected Projected Monitoring annual mean annual mean annual mean Location location type concentration concentration concentration for 2007 for 2007 to 2010 (µgm³) (µgm³) (µgm³)

Grosvenor Road, Wrexham Roadside 37.8 34.1 25.0 Crown Buildings, Chester Street, Background 19.5 17.6 12.9 Wrexham Redwither, Background 12.9 11.6 8.5 Wrexham Industrial Estate Plas Madoc, Cefn Mawr Background 11.4 10.3 7.5 Ceiriog School, Chirk Background 16.6 14.9 11.0 Gardden View, Ruabon Roadside 18.4 16.6 12.2 Hugmore Lane, Roadside 21.8 19.6 14.4 Wrexham Industrial Estate Old Farm Road, Rhostyllen Roadside 19.6 17.7 13.0 Mold Road, Wrexham Roadside 20.8 18.7 13.7 Chester Road, Wrexham Roadside 31.0 27.9 20.5 Holt Road, Wrexham Roadside 29.8 26.8 19.7 Holyhead Road, Chirk Roadside 21.7 19.5 14.3 The Sycamores, Chester Road Roadside 33.7 30.3 22.2 Rhostyllen Roundabout, Roadside 41.5 37.3 27.4 Wrexham (A483) Bus Station, Wrexham Roadside 35.0 31.5 23.1

Of the above fifteen locations three of worthy of note:

Grosvenor Road is a busy thoroughfare that is often congested during the rush hours. However, the entire road comprises of businesses, predominately office based. Hence there are no sensitive locations as defined in LAQM TG(03). The diffusion tube is located here (along with the Benzene one (i)) for traffic monitoring purposes.

Redwither Tower is located on the main Wrexham Industrial Estate and again there are no sensitive locations as defined in LAQM TG(03). The diffusion tube was located here to monitor emissions on the industrial estate and now serves as a useful comparison with the new Isycoed continuous monitoring station.

Rhostyllen Roundabout is a busy roundabout where the NO2 levels are approaching the objective level and this situation will be carefully monitored over the 2008 monitoring year to assess any changes in the NO2 levels. It is the opinion of the Council that no detailed assessment is required based on the corrected level.

The results indicate that there will be no excedences of the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002 for NO2 at any sensitive locations.

Of the above fifteen monitoring sites, thirteen have been running for five or more years:

10 Site Start Date

Grosvenor Road May 1996 Crown Buildings May 1996 Ceiriog School June 1997 Redwither Nov 1998 Plas Madoc Jan 2000 Gardden View May 2000 Plas Madoc Jan 2002 Hugmore Lane Jan 2002 Rhostyllen Roundabout Jan 2002 Mold Road Jan 2002 Chester Road Jan 2002 Holt Road Jan 2002 Holyhead Road Jan 2002

The following two charts show the trend at these monitoring sites (note that for 2004 onwards the results have been bias corrected):

Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide levels

40

30 Grosvenor Road Crown Buildings Ceiriog School 20 Redwither Plas Madoc Gardden View

Levels µgm³ 10 2 0 NO 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 Monitoring Year

11 Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide levels

40

30 Hugmore Lane Rhostyllen Mold Road 20 Chester Road Holt Road

levels µgm³ Holyhead Road

2 10

NO 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Monitoring Year

With the exceptions of Old Farm Road in Rhostyllen and Holyhead Road in Chirk the overall trend for the above monitoring sites have been downward. Old Farm Road and Holyhead road are showing an overall level trend.

(vi) Ozone

Even though Ozone (O3) is not included in the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002. Wrexham County Borough Council has undertaken monitoring for it at one location in the County Borough, Chirk. The monitoring has been carried out using a diffusion tube, which can’t be directly related to the guideline values as stated in the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002. However, it is able to provide general trend information:

Annual Mean Ozone Levels

80 60 40 20 Ozone Level µgm³ Ozone Level 0 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year

12

Ozone Annu al Mean Concen tration µgm³ Location 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Chirk 49 44 43 47 55 55 43 51 74 61

The above chart and table do show that the Ozone levels have remained reasonably consistent with the exception of a peak during 2006. For further information on the 2006 results see the Progress Report for 2006 (which can be viewed at www.wrexham.gov.uk/english/environment/air_quality/reports.htm).

(vii) Particulate Matter

Wrexham County Borough Council is part of the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) for Air Quality, with Particulate Matter (PM10) being one of the pollutants monitored for at Wrexham.

This monitoring has been carried out using a Gravimetric analyser (Partisol) and has therefore not required correcting:

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture PM10 Level µgm³ exceedences of 50µgm²

20021 93 25 21 2003 87 36 38 2004 92 20 9 2005 92 22 22 2006 96 24 10 2007 95 24 22

1 – Monitoring did not start in 2002 until March 1st Hence the 2002 data quoted is for this point on (i.e. 10 months)

The above table shows that there have been no exceedence’s of the PM10 objectives for 2007.

As well as the daily PM10 monitor a MET ONE Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor (BAM) was run at the AURN station from 1st May 2007 to 31st December 2007. In accordance with the recommendations on the Review and Assessment website the annual mean and 24 hour values were divided by 1.2 in order to estimate the gravimetric equivalent, prior to being published on the Welsh Air Quality Forum website:

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture PM10 Level µgm³ exceedences of 50µgm²

2007 66.5 16.4 1

As can be seen there is little correlation with the gravimetric results, though the BAM was only in operation for the last eight months of the year as opposed to the full twelve months that the Partisol was in operation.

13 Additionally to the AURN station Wrexham County Borough Council monitors for PM10 at two other sites in Wrexham County Borough:

Monitoring Site Start Date Finish Date

Chirk 16.05.03 Ongoing Isycoed 01.01.06 Ongoing

There is only a Partisol (Gravimetric PM10 determination on a daily basis) located in Chirk. It is located to the north of the main coal burning area and in the path of the main wind direction.

The continuous monitoring station in Isycoed also has a Partisol as part of the station, though as above, this is only able to provide daily results The tables below show the historic and current data for each site:

Chirk

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture PM10 Level µgm³ exceedences of 50µgm²

20031 88.0 21.7 6 2004 91.2 22.1 9 2005 83.5 21.9 17 2006 81.3 29.1 23 2007 94.2 24.7 17

1 – Monitoring did not start in 2003 until May 16th. Hence the 2003 data quoted is for this point on (i.e. 7½ months)

Isycoed

Annual mean Number of Year % Data Capture PM10 Level µgm³ exceedences of 50µgm²

2006 100 23.0 15 2007 87.9 20.8 16

Which demonstrates that Chirk and Isycoed did not experience any exceedence of the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002 for PM10 during 2007.

(viii) Sulphur Dioxide

Wrexham County Borough Council is part of the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) for Air Quality. With Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) being one of the pollutants monitored for at Wrexham.

Monitoring has shown that over the 2002, 2003 & 2004 calendar periods no exceedences of the SO2 objectives were recorded. The relevant results since the start of monitoring are:

14 No of No of No of Year % Data Exceedences Exceedences Exceedences Annual Capture of the 15 of the 1 hour of the 24 hour mean minute mean mean mean

20021 83 0 0 0 5 2003 97 0 0 0 5 2004 87 0 0 0 3 2005 97 0 0 0 3 2006 93 0 0 0 4 2007 95 0 0 0 3

1 – Monitoring did not start in 2002 until March 6th. Hence the 2002 data quoted is for this point on (i.e. almost 10 months).

The mean value is shown for comparison to the diffusion tube monitoring data, which are tabulated below. As there is no criteria within the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and Amendment (Wales) Regulations 2002 for annual Sulphur Dioxide levels with regards to human health.

In addition to the AURN monitoring, Wrexham County Borough Council monitors for Sulphur Dioxide at four locations within the County Borough using diffusion tubes:

Llay – The old Llay Estate Office Brymbo - Blast Road Chirk - Maes-Y-Waun Wrexham - Victoria Road

Sulphur Dioxide Annual Mean Concentration µgm³ Location 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Llay 21.6 12 17 11.6 9.1 4 4.1 2.7 Brymbo 5.4 3 6 3.8 3.8 7 2.9 1.21 Chirk 6 9 5.9 5.3 6.0 4 4.6 2.65 Wrexham - - - - 4.7 5 2.9 2.13

As can be seen both Llay and Brymbo have shown a general downward trend. Chirk has remained reasonably consistent over the monitoring period. The Wrexham diffusion tube (co-located at the AURN site) has shown a downward trend though as less than five years monitoring exist this is only an indicative result.

Wrexham County Borough Council also maintains and operates its own air quality station sited in Isycoed, which started monitoring at the beginning of 2006. This station also monitors for Sulphur Dioxide levels:

No of No of No of Year % Data Exceedences Exceedences Exceedences Annual Capture of the 15 of the 1 hour of the 24 hour mean minute mean mean mean

2006 82.5 0 0 0 2 2007 92.2 0 0 0 1.4

15 New Local Developments

(i) New Industrial Developments.

For 2007: None identified

(ii) New Residential & Retail

a. With a significant risk of impacting on air quality (planning approval containing air quality related conditions):

For 2007: None identified

b. With a lower risk of impacting on air quality (planning approval not containing air quality related):

Grid Development Type Planning Status Air Quality Site Name Reference And Scale and Reference Implications Number ESCLUSHAM 331720 Housing Pending Traffic Wrexham Road 348560 223 units P/2007/0686

iii) New Land fills / Quarries

Landfill

2007: None identified

Quarries

2007: None identified

New Roads

2007: Two applications were received in 2007 for new access roads onto the Wrexham Industrial Estate – one from the south and the other from the north.

The applications were accompanied by Environmental Impact Assessments which, amongst other criteria, considered the impact of traffic pollution (Nitrogen Dioxide and Particulate Matter) on sensitive properties. This was done by use of a Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) model which was calibrated for the Nitrogen Dioxide, with a six month diffusion tube survey. The overall conclusion of the report was that levels of Nitrogen Dioxide NO2) or Particulate Matter (PM10) would remain below the Objective levels for the 2010 and 2025 years considered. The report also suggested that there would be more sensitive receptors that experienced an improvement in Air Quality than suffered a reduction due to the proposed development.

16 SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS AND FUTURE ACTIONS.

This progress report concludes that:

1. The findings of the Progress Report for 2006 continue to remain valid

2. That there has not been any change in local circumstances to indicate a possible exceedence of the air quality standards and objectives.

3. That potential changes in local circumstances will most likely relate to increases in traffic (e.g. as a result on increased housing development) at sensitive locations.

4. The future recommendations as outlined in the Progress Report for 2006 continue to remain valid, namely: a – WCBC will continue its monitoring program. b – The co-location study into the Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tubes located at the Victoria Road AURN station will continue

17 APPENDIX 1

Air Quality Standards

The following table shows the pollutants as classified by the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations 2000 and (Amendment) (Wales) Regulations 2002 for the purpose of Local Air Quality Management. These Air Quality Regulations have adopted into UK law the limit values required by EU Daughter Directives on Air Quality:

The permitted atmospheric levels have been determined by what is known about their effect on human and environmental health.

The objective expresses the level of pollutant that is permitted in the air over a given period of time. This level is often expressed as:

µgm³ - micrograms per cubic meter, where one micorgram is one millionth of a gram. mgm³ - milligrams per cubic meter, where one milligram is one thousandth of a gram.

The table also shows the date by which this level should be achieved.

Pollutant Air Quality Objective Measured as Target date Concentrations

Benzene 16.25 µgm³ Running Annual Mean 31.12.2003 5.00 µgm³ Annual Mean 31.12.2010 1,3-Butadiene 2.25 µgm³ Running Annual Mean 31.12.2003 Carbon Monoxide 10.0 mgm³ Maximum Daily Running 8 Hour 31.12.2003 Mean Lead 0.50 mgm³ Annual Mean 31.12.2004 0.25 mgm³ Annual Mean 31.12.2008 Nitrogen Dioxide 200 µgm³ 1 Hour Mean 31.12.2005 Not to be exceeded more than 18 times per annum 40 µgm³ Annual Mean 31.12.2005 Ozone 100 µgm³ Running 8 Hour Mean 31.12.2005 (not included in Not to be exceeded more than regulations) 10 times a year Particulate Matter 50 µgm³ 24 Hour Mean 31.12.2004 PM10 Not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year 40 µgm³ Annual Mean 31.12.2004 Sulphur Dioxide 266 µgm³ 15 Minute Mean 31.12.2005 Not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year 350 µgm³ 1 Hour Mean 31.12.2004 Not to be exceeded more than 24 times a year 125µgm³ 24 Hour Mean 31.12.2004 Not to be exceeded more than 3 times a year

APPENDIX 2 (i)

Diffusion Tube Locations (table)

Nitrogen Dioxide Location OS Grid Site ref. Classification

Grosvenor Road, Wrexham SJ3350 Roadside Crown Buildings, Chester SJ3350 Urban Background Street, Wrexham Redwither, SJ3850 Industrial Wrexham Industrial Estate Plas Madoc, Cefn Mawr SJ2843 Urban Background Ceiriog School, Chirk SJ2938 Urban Background Gardden View, Ruabon SJ3044 Roadside Hugmore Lane, SJ3751 Roadside Wrexham Industrial Estate Old Farm Road, Rhostyllen SJ3148 Roadside Mold Road, Wrexham SJ3251 Roadside Chester Road, Wrexham SJ3352 Roadside Holt Road, Wrexham SJ3450 Roadside Holyhead Road, Chirk SJ2838 Roadside The Sycamores Chester SJ3251 Roadside Road, Wrexham Rhostyllen Roundabout SJ3048 Roadside Wrexham (A483) Bus Station, Kings Street, SJ3350 Roadside Wrexham

Sulphur Dioxide Location OS Grid Site Classification ref.

Llay Housing Office SJ3355 Suburban Blast Road, Brymbo SJ2953 Urban Background Maes-Y-Waun, Chirk SJ2938 Urban Background

Benzene Location OS Grid Site Classification Notes ref.

Grosvenor Road, Wrexham SJ3350 Roadside Llwyneinion Road, SJ2847 Other Monitoring program Rhosllanerchrugog near landfill site

Ozone Location OS Grid Site Classification ref.

Maes-Y-Waun, Chirk SJ2938 Urban Background

To Chester APPENDIX 2 (ii) Development Services Directorate Benzene diffusion tubes Monitoring locations Wrexham County Borough To Mold

3 Rossett Ordnance Survey digital mapping with 8 A4 Marford the permission of the Controller of her Llay Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown A541 Gresford Copyright Reserved. Wrexham County To Nantwich Gwersyllt Holt A Borough Council Licence No. LA09021L Brymbo 5 To Ruthin 1 34 56 A5 Grosvenor Road Minera Coedpoeth A5 Wrexham 25 Wrexham Llwyneinion Road Industrial Est. Rhostyllen Marchwiel A483 Rhosllanerchrugog Bangor-is-y-coed

8 2 9 Ruabon 5 A53 A A 5 25 To Llangollen Froncysyllte Overton

A 52 Penley 39 A5 A5 8 Hanmer Glyn Ceiriog Chirk 95 A4

Bettisfield Pentre A5 LLanarmon To Oswestry DC

Wrexham County Borough

ORDNANCE SURVEY DIGITAL MAPPING WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE CONTROLLER OF HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED. WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH To Chester APPENDIX 2 (ii) Development Services Directorate Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tubes Monitoring locations The Sycamores Wrexham County Borough To Mold

3 Rossett Ordnance Survey digital mapping with 8 A4 Marford Llay Rhostyllenthe permission Roundabout of (A483) the Controller of her OldMajesty's Farm Road Stationery Office. Crown A541 Gresford Copyright Reserved. Wrexham County To Nantwich Gwersyllt Holt Chester Street, A Borough Council Licence No. LA09021L Brymbo 5 Holt Road To Ruthin 1 34 56 A5 Chester Road Minera Coedpoeth Mold Road Grosvenor Road A52 Wrexham Victoria Road 5 Wrexham King Street Gardden View Industrial Est. Marchwiel Rhostyllen Redwither Tower A483 Hugmore Lane Rhosllanerchrugog Bangor-is-y-coed

8 Plas Madoc Estate Office 2 9 Ruabon 5 A53 A A 5 25 To Llangollen Froncysyllte Overton

A 52 Penley 39 A5 A5 8 Hanmer Glyn Ceiriog Chirk 95 A4

Ceiriog School Bettisfield Pentre Holyhead Road A5 LLanarmon To Oswestry DC

Wrexham County Borough

ORDNANCE SURVEY DIGITAL MAPPING WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE CONTROLLER OF HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED. WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH To Chester APPENDIX 2 (ii) Development Services Directorate Ozone diffusion tubes Monitoring locations Wrexham County Borough To Mold

3 Rossett Ordnance Survey digital mapping with 8 A4 Marford the permission of the Controller of her Llay Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown A541 Gresford Copyright Reserved. Wrexham County To Nantwich Gwersyllt Holt A Borough Council Licence No. LA09021L Brymbo 5 To Ruthin 1 34 56 A5 Minera Coedpoeth A5 Wrexham 25 Wrexham Industrial Est. Rhostyllen Marchwiel A483 Rhosllanerchrugog Bangor-is-y-coed

8 2 9 Ruabon 5 A53 A A 5 25 To Llangollen Froncysyllte Overton

A 52 Penley 39 A5 A5 8 Hanmer Glyn Ceiriog Chirk 95 A4

Maes-y-Waun Bettisfield Pentre A5 LLanarmon To Oswestry DC

Wrexham County Borough

ORDNANCE SURVEY DIGITAL MAPPING WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE CONTROLLER OF HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED. WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH To Chester APPENDIX 2 (ii) Development Services Directorate Sulphur Dioxide diffusion tubes Monitoring locations Wrexham County Borough To Mold

3 Rossett Ordnance Survey digital mappingLlay with Estate Office 8 A4 Marford the permission of the Controller of her Llay Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown A541 Gresford Copyright Reserved. Wrexham County To Nantwich Gwersyllt Holt A Borough Council Licence No. LA09021L Brymbo 5 To Ruthin 1 34 56 A5 Minera Coedpoeth A52 Wrexham Blast Road 5 Wrexham Industrial Est. Rhostyllen Marchwiel A483 Rhosllanerchrugog Bangor-is-y-coed

8 2 9 Ruabon 5 A53 A A 5 25 To Llangollen Froncysyllte Overton

A 52 Penley 39 A5 A5 8 Hanmer Glyn Ceiriog Chirk 95 A4

Maes-y-Waun Bettisfield Pentre A5 LLanarmon To Oswestry DC

Wrexham County Borough

ORDNANCE SURVEY DIGITAL MAPPING WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE CONTROLLER OF HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED. WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH To Chester APPENDIXDevelopment 2 (iii) Services Directorate ParticulateWrexham Matter (10µm) County Monitoring Borough locations & AURN Station To Mold

3 Rossett Ordnance Survey digital mapping with 8 A4 Marford the permission of the Controller of her Llay Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown A541 Gresford Copyright Reserved. Wrexham County To Nantwich Gwersyllt Holt A Borough Council Licence No. LA09021L Brymbo 5 To Ruthin 1 34 56 A5 Minera Coedpoeth Isycoed Air Quality Station A5 Wrexham 25 Wrexham Industrial Est. Marchwiel Rhostyllen Victoria Road AURN A483 Rhosllanerchrugog Bangor-is-y-coed

8 2 9 Ruabon 5 A53 A A 5 25 To Llangollen Froncysyllte Overton

A 52 Penley 39 A5 A5 8 Hanmer Glyn Ceiriog Chirk 95 A4

Bettisfield Pentre Chirk Court (Partisol) A5 LLanarmon To Oswestry DC

Wrexham County Borough

ORDNANCE SURVEY DIGITAL MAPPING WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE CONTROLLER OF HER

MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED. WREXHAM COUNTY BOROUGH APPENDIX 3 Checking Precision and Accuracy of Triplicate Tubes

Diffusion Tubes Measurements Automatic Method Data Quality Check Coefficient Data Tubes Automatic Start Date End Date Tube 1 Tube 2 Tube 3 Triplicate Standard 95% CI Period of Variation Capture Precision Monitor dd/mm/yyyy dd/mm/yyyy µgm -3 µgm -3 µgm - 3 Mean Deviation of mean Mean

Period (CV) (% DC) Check Data 1 10/01/2007 31/01/2007 16.0 20.0 14.0 17 3.1 18 7.6 14.79 94.89 Good Good 2 31/01/2007 28/02/2007 36.0 32.0 33.0 34 2.1 6 5.2 32.25 91.07 Good Good 3 28/02/2007 04/04/2007 25.0 26.0 27.0 26 1.0 4 2.5 23.16 94.17 Good Good 4 04/04/2007 02/05/2007 31.0 31.0 30.0 31 0.6 2 1.4 21 55.8 Good oor Data Capture 5 02/05/2007 30/05/2007 20.0 14.0 14.0 16 3.5 22 8.6 14 95.54 Poor Precision Good 6 30/05/2007 04/07/2007 16 95.14 Good 7 04/07/2007 06/08/2007 15.0 17.0 16.0 16 1.0 6 2.5 12 95.35 Good Good 8 06/08/2007 30/08/2007 10.0 13.0 13.0 12 1.7 14 4.3 11 90.5 Good Good 9 30/08/2007 04/10/2007 22.0 21.0 20.0 21 1.0 5 2.5 16 95.95 Good Good 10 04/10/2007 01/11/2007 29.0 29.0 29 0.0 0 0.0 27 100 Good Good 11 01/11/2007 29/11/2007 9.0 11.0 9.0 10 1.2 12 2.9 23.8 99.7 Good Good 12 29/11/2007 07/01/2008 31.0 29.0 30 1.4 5 12.7 23.7 99.8 Good Good 13 It is necessary to have results for at least two tubes in order to calculate the precision of the measurements Good Overall Overall survey --> Good precision DC Site Name/ ID: WREXHAM AURN Precision 10 out of 11 periods have a CV smaller than 20% (Check average CV & DC from Accuracy calculations) Accuracy (with 95% confidence interval) Accuracy (with 95% confidence interval) without periods with CV larger than 20% WITH ALL DATA 50%Without CV>20%With all data Bias calculated using 9 periods of data Bias calculated using 10 periods of data 9% 10% 25% Bias factor A 0.94 (0.79 - 1.18) Bias factor A 0.94 (0.8 - 1.14) 21.3% 18.8% Bias B 6% (-15% - 27%) Bias B 7% (-12% - 25%) 0% Without CV>20% With all data µgm-3 µgm-3 Diffusion Tubes Mean: 22 Diffusion Tubes Mean: 21 -25% Mean CV (Precision): 8 Mean CV (Precision): 9 Automatic Mean: 20 µgm-3 Automatic Mean: 20 µgm-3 Bias Tube Diffusion B -50% Data Capture for periods used: 96% Data Capture for periods used: 96% Jaume Targa -3 -3 Adjusted Tubes Mean: 20 (17 - 25) µgm Adjusted Tubes Mean: 20 (17 - 24) µgm [email protected] Version 03 - November 2006

Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tube analysis laboratory details

Test laboratory:

Beurea Veritas 139 Summerlee Street Queenslie Glasgow G33 4DB

Quality Control:

UKAS accredited for Nitrogen Dioxide diffusion tube analysis.

Tube preparation method:

10% Triethanolamine (TEA ) in water.